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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

TNF Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 72
GCID: GC06P031543

tumor necrosis factor

(Previous names: tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) )
(Previous symbol: TNFA)
 Explore 783 diseases affiliated with
TNF via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for TNF    

Aliases
for TNF gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Tumor Necrosis Factor1 2     Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF Superfamily, Member 2)1
TNFA1 2 3 5     APC1 Protein2
TNF-Alpha1     Cachectin3
TNFSF21 2 3     TNF, Macrophage-Derived2
DIF1 2     TNF, Monocyte-Derived2
Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 22 3     Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha2
TNF-A1     Cachectin3

External Ids:    HGNC: 118921   Entrez Gene: 71242   Ensembl: ENSG000002328107   OMIM: 1911605   UniProtKB: P013753   

Export aliases for TNF gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC06P031606 GC06P031597 GC06P031314 GC06P031647 GC06P031652 GC06P031330


Summaries
for TNF gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for TNF:
This gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors
TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological
processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. This cytokine
has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. Knockout
studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of this cytokine. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TNFA_HUMAN, P01375
Function: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce
cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of
interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell
proliferation and induce cell differentiation
Function: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells

summary for TNF:
NF-kappaB (nuclear factor-kappa B) is a rapidly acting primary transcription factor found in all cell types.
It is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as cytokines and stress and plays a key role in
regulating the immune response to infection. In unstimulated cells NF-kappaB dimers are sequestered
inactively in the cytoplasm by a protein complex called inhibitor of kappa B (IkappaB). IkappaB inactivates
NF-kappaB by masking the nuclear localization signals (NLS). Activation of NF-kappaB occurs via degradation
of IkappaB, a process that is initiated by its phosphorylation by IkappaB kinase (IKK). Phosphorylated
IkappaB becomes dissociated from NF-kappaB, unmasking the NLS. Phosphorylation also results in IkappaB
ubiquitination and targeting to the proteasome. NF-kappaB can now enter the nucleus and regulate gene
expression. NF-kappaB turns on expression of IkappaB forming a negative feedback loop.

Gene Wiki entry for TNF (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha)


Genomic Views
for TNF gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000006.11  NC_018917.1  NT_007592.15  NT_113891.2  NT_167244.1  NT_167245.1  NT_167246.1  NT_167247.1  
NT_167248.1  NT_167249.1  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TNF gene promoter:
         c-Fos   p53   AP-1   ATF-2   c-Jun   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 3): TNF promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for TNF

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TNF


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6p21.3   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  6p21.33   HGNC cytogenetic band: 6p21.3

TNF Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
TNF gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 6         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06P031543:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 31,543,344 bp from pter      End:
 31,546,113 bp from pter
Size:
 2,770 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

6/7 alternative locations (see all 7):
Chr6+,ALT_REF_LOCI_1 31,555,632-31,565,733      Chr6+,ALT_REF_LOCI_4 31,505,893-31,508,655      Chr6+,ALT_REF_LOCI_3 31,525,488-31,539,294     
Chr6+,ALT_REF_LOCI_2 31,530,756-31,572,712      Chr6+,ALT_REF_LOCI_5 31,534,479-31,537,241      Chr6+,ALT_REF_LOCI_6 31,533,585-31,571,936     

Proteins
for TNF gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TNFA_HUMAN, P01375 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Tumor necrosis factor precursor  
Size: 233 amino acids; 25644 Da
Subunit: Homotrimer. Interacts with SPPL2B
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein
Subcellular location: Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form: Membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein
Subcellular location: Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form: Secreted
Subcellular location: C-domain 1: Secreted
Subcellular location: C-domain 2: Secreted
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAF71992.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=91, 157; Sequence=CAA75070.1; Type=Erroneous gene
model prediction;
6/12 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for TNF (see all 12):
1A8M (3D)        1TNF (3D)        2AZ5 (3D)        2E7A (3D)        2TUN (3D)        2ZJC (3D)    
Secondary accessions: O43647 Q9P1Q2 Q9UIV3

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TNF: NX_P01375

Post-translational modifications:

  • The soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing. The membrane-bound form is further
    • proteolytically processed by SPPL2A or SPPL2B through regulated intramembrane proteolysis producing TNF intracellular
    domains (ICD1 and ICD2) released in the cytosol and TNF C-domain 1 and C-domain 2 secreted into the extracellular
    space1
  • The membrane form, but not the soluble form, is phosphorylated on serine residues. Dephosphorylation of the membrane
    • form occurs by binding to soluble TNFRSF1A/TNFR11
  • O-glycosylated; glycans contain galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P01375

    • TNF Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_000585.2  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000398698  
    Reactome Protein details: P01375
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
    EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant TNF Protein
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for TNF (TNF-alpha/TNFSF1A)
    Enzo Life Sciences proteins for TNF
    OriGene Purified Proteins (see all 3): TNF
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: TNF
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for TNF 
    GenScript Purified and Recombinant Proteins for TNF
    Novus Biologicals TNF Proteins
    Novus Biologicals TNF Lysate
    Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for TNF
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for TNF
    Browse Proteins at Uscn

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001891phagocytic cup ISS--
    GO:0005615extracellular space IDA18355445
    GO:0005622intracellular ----
    GO:0005886plasma membrane TAS--
    GO:0005887integral to plasma membrane IDA18355445


    TNF for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    TNF Antibody Products: 
    EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of TNF
    R&D Systems Antibodies for TNF (TNF-alpha/TNFSF1A)
    Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for TNF  (TNF-a)
    OriGene Antibodies (see all 5): TNF
    OriGene Custom Antibody Services for TNF 
    GenScript Superior Antibodies for TNF
    Novus Biologicals TNF Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for TNF 
    Browse Antibodies at Uscn
    ThermoFisher Antibody for TNF

    Assay Products for TNF: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development
    Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
    R&D Systems Flow Cytometry Kits for TNF (TNF-alpha/TNFSF1A)         (see all)
    GenScript Custom Assay Services for TNF
    Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Sandwich ELISA Kits for TNF (TNF-a)
    Enzo Life Sciences assays for TNF
    Browse ELISAs and CLIAs at Uscn

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for TNF gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    TNF for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR002959 TNF_alpha
     IPR006052 TNF
     IPR006053 TNF_a/b/c
     IPR008983 Tumour_necrosis_fac-like_dom
     IPR021184 TNF_CS

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P01375

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P01375

    3 Blocks protein families:
    IPB002959 Tumour necrosis factor alpha (cachectin) signature
    IPB006052 Tumor Necrosis Factor
    IPB006053 Tumour necrosis factor family signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TNFA_HUMAN, P01375
    Similarity: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family


    Function
    for TNF gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TNFA_HUMAN, P01375
    Function: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce
    cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of
    interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell
    proliferation and induce cell differentiation
    Function: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for TNF:
    tumor necrosis factor,alpha (cachectin),potent proinflammatory cytokine,involved in inflammatory and immune
    responses,stimulating the sphingomyelinase (SMPD1),enhancing insulin resistance in peripheral tissues of cancer
    patients,susceptibility factor for narcolepsy and myasthenia gravis and cardiac sarcoidosis,with a common polymorphism
    in the promoter region (C->A) associated with reduced circulating levels of TNF,mediating neuronal death in injured
    brain (by inducing resistance to the protective effect of IGF1)

         Summary:  
    During embryonic development, TNF as signaling molecule
    affects the following cells: Fetal Hepatocytes in Liver Lobule

    TNF as growth factor is involved in stem cell differentiation protocols towards the derivation of the following cells: Dendritic-like cells, Mature dendritic-like cells

    miRNA
    Products:            		 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: TNF
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat TNF
    8/29 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate TNF (see all 29):
    hsa-miR-549 hsa-miR-875-3p hsa-miR-181c hsa-miR-3141 hsa-miR-4263 hsa-miR-331-3p hsa-miR-301a hsa-miR-181a-2*
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: TNF 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for TNF (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: TNF
    OriGene siRNA: TNF
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TNF

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for TNF

    Clone
    Products:             		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TNF (see all 3)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TNF
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: TNF (NM_001192)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for TNF
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for TNF
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TNF 

    Cell Line
    Products:             		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for TNF
    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for TNF

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TNF

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0002020protease binding IPI12777399
    GO:0005125cytokine activity IDA10748004
    GO:0005164tumor necrosis factor receptor binding IDA14512626
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI--
    GO:0042802identical protein binding IDA14512626


    TNF for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for TNF:
     Increased cell death in breast 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for TNF: Ltb/TnfLtb/tm1.1Dvk Lta/TnfLta/tm1Eug Tnftm1Jods Lta/TnfLta/tm1Fda Tnftm1Sek Tnftm1Gkl
                                                   Tnftm3Gkl Ltb/Tnf/LtaLtb/Tnf/tm1Dvk Tnftm2.1Gkl Tnftm1Ljo Tnftm1.2Sned Lta/TnfLta/tm1Jods Tnftm2Gkl
         15/24 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 19 alleles) (MGI details for Tnf) (see all 24):
     adipose tissue  behavior/neurological  cardiovascular system  cellular  craniofacial 
     digestive/alimentary  embryogenesis  endocrine/exocrine gland  growth/size  hematopoietic system 
     homeostasis/metabolism  immune system  integument  limbs/digits/tail  liver/biliary system 

    TNF for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for TNF gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/90 super-pathways (see all 90) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1PEDF Induced Signaling
    8/9 pathways (see all 9)
    		PEDF Induced Signaling1.00
    		RAR-Gamma-RXR-Alpha Degradation0.54
    		MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation0.73
    		STAT3 Pathway0.47
    		MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells0.71
    		Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway0.44
    		IL-6 Pathway0.61
    		Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction0.26
    2TWEAK Pathway
    		TNFR1 Pathway0.53
    		TNF Signaling0.40
    		HIV-1 Nef- Negative effector of Fas and TNF-alpha0.42
    		Apoptotic Pathways Triggered By HIV10.37
    		Apoptosis and survival_TNFR1 signaling pathway0.40
    		Apoptosis through Death Receptors0.32
    		Apoptosis and survival TNFR1 signaling pathway0.40
    		TWEAK Signaling Pathway0.31
    3Allograft rejection
    		Allograft rejection1.00
    		Asthma0.44
    		Type I diabetes mellitus0.67
    		THC Differentiation Pathway0.39
    		Graft-versus-host disease0.63
    		Antigen processing and presentation0.25
    4Rho Family GTPases
    		Rho Family GTPases1.00
    		MAPK Signaling0.51
    		ERK Signaling0.61
    		ILK Signaling0.45
    		Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer0.51
    5Apoptosis and survival_Caspase cascade
    		Apoptosis and survival_Caspase cascade1.00
    		Caspase cascade in apoptosis0.42
    		Apoptosis and survival Caspase cascade1.00
    		FAS pathway and Stress induction of HSP regulation0.33

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    5/14 EMD Millipore Pathways for TNF (see all 14)
        Immune response CD16 signaling in NK cells
    Immune response IL-9 signaling pathway
    Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation
    Immune response MIF in innate immunity response
    Immune response IL-1 signaling pathway

    5/7 R&D Systems Pathways for TNF (see all 7)
        TNF Superfamily - Human Ligand-Receptor Interactions & their Associated Functions
    Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling
    Th1 Differentiation
    Toll-Like receptor Signaling Pathways
    Apoptosis Signaling Pathways

    5/50 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for TNF (see all 50)
        Caspase Cascade
    THC Differentiation Pathway
    14-3-3 Induced Apoptosis
    Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
    Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C

    2 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathways for TNF
        Apoptosis and Autophagy
    NF-kappaB Signaling

    5/15 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for TNF (see all 15)
        Apoptosis and survival Anti-apoptotic TNFs/NF-kB/IAP pathway
    Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation
    Apoptosis and survival Caspase cascade
    Immune response MIF in innate immunity response
    Immune response IL-9 signaling pathway

    5/34 BioSystems Pathways for TNF (see all 34) 
        MicroRNAs in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy
    Notch Signaling Pathway
    Matrix Metalloproteinases
    Adipogenesis
    EBV LMP1 signaling

    4        Reactome Pathways for TNF
        Death Receptor Signalling
    TNF signaling
    Extrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis
    Apoptosis


    5/35         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for TNF) (see all 35):
        MAPK signaling pathway
    Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
    Apoptosis
    TGF-beta signaling pathway
    Osteoclast differentiation


    TNF for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for TNF

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 24)

    5/108 Interacting proteins for TNF (P013751, 2, 3 ENSP000003986984) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 108)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    IKBKGQ9Y6K92, 3MINT-8410390 I2D: score=1 
    RBCK1Q9BYM82, 3MINT-8410390 I2D: score=1 
    RNF31Q96EP02, 3MINT-8410390 I2D: score=1 
    TNFAIP3P215802, 3MINT-8410390 I2D: score=1 
    TNFRSF1AP194381, 2, 3, ENSP000001627494EBI-359977,EBI-299451 MINT-48045 MINT-49295 I2D: score=12 STRING: ENSP00000162749
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/119 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 119):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000060protein import into nucleus, translocation IDA16280327
    GO:0000122negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter IDA15345745
    GO:0000165MAPK cascade IMP--
    GO:0000185activation of MAPKKK activity IDA15310755
    GO:0000187activation of MAPK activity IDA10748004


    TNF for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for TNF gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    TNF for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    EMD Millipore small molecules for TNF:
    Small Molecule - inhibitor
    Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for TNF

    Compounds for TNF available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    PiceatannolInhibits TNF-induced NF-kappaB activation[10083-24-6]
    Bay 11-7821Irreversible inhibitor of TNF-alpha-induced IkappaBalpha phosphorylation[19542-67-7]
    ThalidomideTNF-alpha synthesis inhibitor[50-35-1]
    Bay 11-7085Irreversible inhibitor of TNF-alpha-induced IkappaBalpha phosphorylation[196309-76-9]

    4 HMDB Compounds for TNF    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    Butyric acid1-Butyrate (see all 25)107-92-616142751
    AtorvastatinAtorvastatin acid (see all 4)134523-00-5--
    Glucosamine2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose (see all 10)3416-24-8--
    Simvastatin(+)-Simvastatin (see all 28)79902-63-9--

    9 DrugBank Compounds for TNF    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    Infliximab-- 170277-31-3targetinhibitor15691299 16622728 11752352 15691217 12110154 17642244 15481318 16052578 16456024 15674127 15804598
    Adalimumab-- 331731-18-1targetantibody11752352 15200343 12044041 14532145 15022409 15046527
    EtanerceptCD120b (see all 7)185243-69-0targetantibody10375846 10206649 10405518 10338381 11752352 10357816
    Thalidomidealpha-phthalimidoglutarimide (see all 5)50-35-1targetinhibitor12167383 12105857 12046682 12113124 11752352 12102294
    AmrinoneAmrinona [inn-spanish] (see all 4)60719-84-8targetinhibitor1611705 10444479 10075051 11805217 11969359
    ChloroquineChloraquine (see all 6)54-05-7target--16418198 16761500 17456179 16870179 16670522
    Clenbuterol-- 37148-27-9targetother/unknown10071758 15021963 17139543 16261833 11193379
    Glucosamine-- 3416-24-8target--16431966 16469053 16445576 12244074 15930455
    Pranlukast-- 103177-37-3targetother/unknown17430359 12801315 12801316

    10/141 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for TNF gene (see all 141)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    infliximab 92.6 1681 16095114 (7), 11961039 (7), 12632433 (7), 15538942 (6) (see all 99)
    etanercept 92 1158 11961039 (8), 19188093 (5), 15005015 (5), 20443835 (5) (see all 99)
    adalimumab 89.5 487 11730333 (10), 19188093 (4), 17343250 (3), 17502862 (3) (see all 99)
    endotoxin 87.3 2305 8687293 (8), 1643887 (7), 9185243 (7), 1770269 (7) (see all 99)
    rantes 83.7 975 16466762 (6), 12663241 (6), 9527395 (6), 12388374 (5) (see all 99)
    pge2 79.9 2340 9298541 (9), 8388910 (8), 1836009 (8), 2378446 (7) (see all 99)
    il 10 79.5 347 19771178 (7), 11166831 (5), 15800006 (5), 12719394 (5) (see all 99)
    pentoxifylline 78.4 990 8189599 (9), 1385797 (8), 7589090 (7), 9486396 (6) (see all 99)
    nitric oxide 76.3 4152 7706743 (11), 8046239 (9), 11566624 (9), 1517576 (8) (see all 99)
    abatacept 74.2 77 19916731 (4), 18590608 (4), 17057043 (3), 18670735 (3) (see all 42)

    5 PharmGKB related drug/compound annotations for TNF gene
    Drug/compound PharmGKB Annotation
    abacavirCA  
    adalimumabCA  
    carbamazepineCA  
    etanerceptCA  
    infliximabCA  
    About this table

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about TNF / TNFA 

    Transcripts
    for TNF gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for TNF gene: 
    NM_000594.3  

    Unigene Cluster for TNF:

    Tumor necrosis factor
    Hs.241570  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000594
    1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000449264(uc003nui.3 uc003nuj.3)

    miRNA
    Products:             		 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: TNF
    Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat TNF
    8/29 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate TNF (see all 29):
    hsa-miR-549 hsa-miR-875-3p hsa-miR-181c hsa-miR-3141 hsa-miR-4263 hsa-miR-331-3p hsa-miR-301a hsa-miR-181a-2*
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: TNF 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for TNF (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: TNF
    OriGene siRNA: TNF
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TNF
    Clone
    Products:             		 OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TNF (see all 3)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TNF
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: TNF (NM_001192)
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for TNF
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TNF 
    Primer
    Products:            		 OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for TNF
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TNF
      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TNF
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TNF

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB451492.1 AF043342.1 AF098751.1 AJ227911.1 AK314960.1 BC028148.1 FJ795028.1 HQ201306.2 
    M10988.1 X01394.1 

    6 DOTS entries:

    DT.447264  DT.75172441  DT.100717788  DT.121394302  DT.40132506  DT.95165288 

    24/68 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 68):

    X01394 BM762686 BC028148 BM844832 CD364761 BM842415 CA307225 BG232086 
    CA310368 NM_000594 BM831593 CD368116 M10988 CA309664 CD368142 BI907528 
    AA381586 CD366187 BM844831 AJ227911 AI242177 BI910312 CA308256 BI908079 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    Expression
    for TNF gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    TNF expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TAGCCCCCTG

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    TNF expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    2 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    Early Embryo (Zygote)Morula8-Cell EmbryoEarly Embryo
    LiverSinusoidsKupffer CellsBlood
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See TNF Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for TNF

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.241570
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including TNF (see all 50): 
              Lung Cancer in human mouse rat
              Antiviral Response in human mouse rat
              Multiple Sclerosis in human mouse rat
              Wound Healing in human mouse rat
              Lymphoma in human mouse rat

    Primer
    Products:    		 OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for TNF
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TNF
    QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TNF
    QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TNF
    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TNF

    Orthologs
    for TNF gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for TNF gene from 2/8 species (see all 8)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia TNF6
    		 --
    		 36(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 2(195687375-195691887)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii tnfa6
    tnfb6
    		 tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2...
    tumor necrosis factor b (TNF superfamily, member 2...
    		 26(a)
    21(a)
    		 many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    		 19(27505097-27509684)
    15(33995840-33998916)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TNF (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for TNF (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for TNF gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for TNF gene
    FASLG2  TNFSF152  LTA2  TNFSF142  
    2 SIMAP similar genes for TNF using alignment to 5 protein entries:     TNFA_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    LTA    FASLG

    TNF for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for TNF gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TNFA_HUMAN, P01375
    Polymorphism: Genetic variations in TNF influence susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [MIM:610424]
    Polymorphism: Genetic variations in TNF are involved in susceptibility to malaria [MIM:611162]


    10/93 NCBI SNPs in TNF are shown (see all 93)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 6 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs27361961,2
    		C,H--31329389(-) ATGCTG/TGTTTC 1 -- us2k14Minor allele frequency- T:0.00NS EA 406
    rs27361951,2
    		C--31329425(-) AGGCCC/TTCTTC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs42481601,2
    		C,F,--31329427(+) AGAAGG/ACCTGC 1 -- us2k13Minor allele frequency- A:0.01NS NA 332
    rs42481621,2
    		C,F--31329503(+) GCTACC/ACCCAC 1 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- A:0.01NS 330
    rs28577111,2
    		C--31329505(-) GGGTGC/GGGGTA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs30935481,2
    		C--31329554(+) AGCTCC/TTTCTC 1 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- T:0.01NS 94
    rs42481631,2
    		C,F--31329562(+) CTCCCC/GGCAGG 1 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- G:0.01NS 328
    rs18007501,2
    		C,F,H,--31329697(+) TGGAAG/ATTAGA 1 -- us2k127Minor allele frequency- A:0.02NS MN EA NA 3174
    rs49870271,2
    		C,--31329828(+) CCCCTA/C/TRGAAT 1 -- us2k15MN 400
    rs6731,2
    		C,F,--31329829(+) CCCTCG/AGAATC 1 -- us2k120Minor allele frequency- A:0.35NS MN NA WA 1862

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TNF (31543344 - 31546113 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for TNF: --
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): TNF

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing TNF
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for TNF

    Disorders / Diseases
    for TNF gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    TNF for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 191160   
    OMIM disorders: 611162  600807  157300  
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TNFA_HUMAN, P01375
  • Genetic variations in TNF are a cause of susceptibility psoriatic arthritis (PSORAS) [MIM:607507]. PSORAS is
    • an inflammatory, seronegative arthritis associated with psoriasis. It is a heterogeneous disorder ranging from a mild,
    non-destructive disease to a severe, progressive, erosive arthropathy. Five types of psoriatic arthritis have been
    defined: asymmetrical oligoarthritis characterized by primary involvement of the small joints of the fingers or toes;
    asymmetrical arthritis which involves the joints of the extremities; symmetrical polyarthritis characterized by a
    rheumatoidlike pattern that can involve hands, wrists, ankles, and feet; arthritis mutilans, which is a rare but
    deforming and destructive condition; arthritis of the sacroiliac joints and spine (psoriatic spondylitis)

    783 diseases for TNF (see first 20):    About MalaCards
    charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy    charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy type 2    new daily-persistent headache    charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy type 2a
    periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis    punctate inner choroidopathy    insulin resistance    carotid intimal medial thickness
    migraine without aura    crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever    open-angle glaucoma    lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome
    post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease    graft versus host disease    monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance    maternally inherited leigh syndrome
    perinatal necrotizing enterocolitis    alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency    benign migratory glossitis    weill-marchesani syndrome
    hyper-igd syndrome    cat-scratch disease    spinal cord injury    intestinal pseudo-obstruction
    mycobacterium avium complex disease    large granular lymphocyte leukemia    normophosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis    adult-onset still's disease
    endotoxin hyporesponsiveness    relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis    toxic epidermal necrolysis    multicentric reticulohistiocytosis
    branch retinal artery occlusion    mycobacterium chelonae    miller fisher syndrome    stevens-johnson syndrome
    obsessive-compulsive disorder    pre-eclampsia    extrinsic allergic alveolitis    cryptogenic organizing pneumonia
    middle ear cholesteatoma    periodic fever    aids dementia complex    familial mediterranean fever
    nephropathia epidemica    diffuse large b-cell lymphoma    subacute sclerosing panencephalitis    mycobacterium marinum
    guillain-barre syndrome    aphthous stomatitis    langerhans-cell histiocytosis    ocular cicatricial pemphigoid
    disseminated intravascular coagulation    human t-cell leukemia virus type 1    central nervous system vasculitis    cicatricial pemphigoid
    primary open angle glaucoma    end stage renal failure    sudden infant death syndrome    hypersensitivity reaction type ii disease
    mycobacterium abscessus    multidrug-resistant tuberculosis    visual agnosia    staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome
    acute graft versus host disease    progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy    primitive neuroectodermal tumor    sympathetic ophthalmia
    severe pre-eclampsia    complex regional pain syndrome    cold agglutinin disease    clostridium sordellii
    epidural abscess    retinol binding protein    vulvar vestibulitis syndrome    chronic venous leg ulcers
    focal segmental glomerulosclerosis    t-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia    retinal artery occlusion    toxic shock syndrome
    hemorrhagic fever    chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy    dissecting cellulitis of the scalp    peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor
    mixed connective tissue disease    familial tumoral calcinosis    deep vein thrombosis    rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
    foot drop    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als)    human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease    hidradenitis suppurativa
    hemolytic-uremic syndrome    patent ductus arteriosus    otitis media    demyelinating polyneuropathy
    granuloma annulare    microscopic polyangiitis    connective tissue disease    burning mouth syndrome
    adult respiratory distress syndrome    periventricular leukomalacia    pyoderma gangrenosum    pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
    tuberculoid leprosy    aspiration pneumonitis    molluscum contagiosum    central nervous system leukemia
    sclerosing cholangitis    non-small cell lung carcinoma    actinic cheilitis    familial partial lipodystrophy
    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis    myotonic dystrophy type 1    mycobacterial infection    aortic aneurysm
    thoracic aortic aneurysm    critical limb ischemia    polymyalgia rheumatica    lichen planus
    congenital diaphragmatic hernia    aortic valve stenosis    b-cell lymphomas    periapical granuloma
    agnosia    palindromic rheumatism    systolic heart failure    plasmodium falciparum malaria
    common variable immunodeficiency    allergic contact dermatitis    classic kaposi sarcoma    alopecia universalis
    bell's palsy    contact dermatitis    heart block    arthus reaction
    primary sclerosing cholangitis    dengue hemorrhagic fever    retinal vein occlusion    oral lichen planus
    clostridium difficile    lupus erythematosus    growth hormone deficiency    abdominal aortic aneurysm
    blau syndrome    hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis    sensorineural hearing loss    anaplastic large cell lymphoma
    oral submucous fibrosis    lepromatous leprosy    pemphigus foliaceus    septic shock
    glossitis    familial combined hyperlipidemia    intermediate uveitis    pediatric ulcerative colitis
    tuberculous uveitis    waldenstrom macroglobulinemia    congenital heart block    acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
    back pain    uveitis    humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy    testicular germ cell tumor
    malignant pleural mesothelioma    severe congenital neutropenia    nonalcoholic steatohepatitis    systemic lupus erythematosus
    meliodosis    monocytic leukemia    alveolar echinococcosis    calcinosis
    bacterial vaginosis    non-hodgkin lymphoma    aseptic meningitis    rheumatoid arthritis
    mucocutaneous leishmaniasis    erythema multiforme    myotonic dystrophy    food allergy
    severe acute respiratory syndrome    vesicoureteral reflux    soft tissue sarcoma    cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
    coronary artery aneurysm    type 2 diabetes mellitus    proliferative diabetic retinopathy    tuberculous meningitis
    kaposi's sarcoma    type 1 diabetes mellitus    lichen sclerosus    neuroectodermal tumors
    pemphigus vulgaris    major depressive disorder    coronary heart disease    autoimmune hemolytic anemia
    chronic progressive multiple sclerosis    paratyphoid fever    anterior uveitis    bcg infection
    inflammatory bowel disease    iron deficiency anemia    diffuse panbronchiolitis    iron overload
    hemolytic anemia    germ cell tumor    bipolar affective disorder    leukomalacia
    vasculitis    sle susceptibility    autism spectrum disorder    congestive heart failure
    hidradenitis    lateral sclerosis    tooth agenesis    lymphocytic leukemia
    posterior uveitis    cheilitis    alopecia areata    hearing loss
    wegener's granulomatosis    myasthenic syndrome    infectious mononucleosis    arteriovenous malformation
    proliferative vitreoretinopathy    systemic lupus erythematosus, association with    spotted fever    bulimia nervosa
    visceral leishmaniasis    psoriatic arthritis    crescentic glomerulonephritis    glucose intolerance
    panbronchiolitis    dermatitis herpetiformis    optic neuritis    atrophic gastritis
    lactic acidosis    primary biliary cirrhosis    meningitis    lymphatic system disease
    bullous pemphigoid    neonatal jaundice    polyneuropathy    herpes zoster
    multiple sclerosis    lymphangiosarcoma    alcoholic liver cirrhosis    pyoderma
    squamous cell carcinoma    avian influenza    spontaneous abortion    typhoid fever
    membranous glomerulonephritis    leukemia    myelomonocytic leukemia    irritable bowel syndrome
    pediatric crohns disease    chronic obstructive pulmonary disease    myasthenia gravis    q fever
    spondylarthropathy    skin conditions    biliary tract cancer    lymphocytic choriomeningitis
    farmer's lung    panuveitis    paresthesia    spermatocele
    hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome    bronchiolitis obliterans    sarcoidosis    migraine
    mouth disease    sleep apnea    gingival overgrowth    meningococcal infection
    diabetes mellitus    metabolic syndrome x    renovascular hypertension    cellulitis
    cutaneous lupus erythematosus    arthritis    essential thrombocythemia    bullous skin disease
    dengue shock syndrome    leukemia/lymphoma    febrile seizures    juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
    dermatitis    alcoholism    idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis    bipolar i disorder
    ulcerative colitis    sapho syndrome    acute myelomonocytic leukemia    bagassosis
    polycystic ovary syndrome    ankylosing spondylitis    glucocorticoid resistance    pemphigus
    echinococcosis    granulomatous dermatitis    diabetic retinopathy    leishmaniasis
    schnitzler syndrome    cardiac sarcoidosis    sickle cell anemia    coronary restenosis
    short bowel syndrome    adult dermatomyositis    cystic fibrosis lung disease    toxic encephalopathy
    cutaneous malignant melanoma    ectodermal dysplasia    acute monocytic leukemia    haemophilus influenzae
    cholangitis    hairy cell leukemia    chronic granulomatous disease    encephalomyelitis
    jaundice    bacterial meningitis    intrauterine infections    chronic fatigue syndrome
    granulocytopenia    liver cirrhosis    paget's disease of bone    myocardial infarction
    nervous system disease    ischemic heart disease    atrial fibrillation    oral squamous cell carcinoma
    compartment syndrome    paine syndrome    peptic ulcer    leukostasis
    bronchopulmonary dysplasia    chorioamnionitis    hepatorenal syndrome    mantle cell lymphoma
    mycobacterium tuberculosis    arterial calcification    acquired immunodeficiency syndrome    eales disease
    multiple system atrophy    obstructive jaundice    biliary atresia    joint disorders
    acute myocardial infarction    dementia    pyelonephritis    parametritis
    stomatitis    cutaneous leishmaniasis    fatty liver disease    merkel cell carcinoma
    anorexia nervosa    alopecia    osteolysis    epithelioid sarcoma
    allergic encephalomyelitis    liver disease    eosinophilic pneumonia    erysipelas
    scleritis    leprosy    retinal detachment    esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
    renal cell carcinoma    omenn syndrome    acute liver failure    leukemia/lymphoma, t-cell
    poems syndrome    cystic fibrosis    pulpitis    behcet's disease
    macroglobulinemia    allergic rhinitis    acute promyelocytic leukemia    differentiating neuroblastoma
    peripheral t-cell lymphoma    giant cell tumor    polycystic kidney disease    skin disease
    desmoid tumor    reactive arthritis    orchitis    myeloid leukemia
    aplastic anemia    acute pyelonephritis    neuritis    glomerulonephritis
    portal hypertension    alcoholic hepatitis    spondylitis    listeriosis
    glaucoma    female breast cancer    hodgkin's lymphoma    subacute thyroiditis
    breast cancer susceptibility    autoimmune myocarditis    periodontitis    pulmonary function
    rheumatic fever    vitreoretinopathy    anemia    cytomegalovirus infection
    aggressive periodontitis    hypercalcemia    cysticercosis    endophthalmitis
    headache    celiac disease    histiocytosis    cholesteatoma
    pulmonary fibrosis    arthropathy    septic arthritis    adult t-cell leukemia
    interstitial lung disease    bronchial asthma    familial hypercholesterolemia    intracranial hypertension
    bronchogenic carcinoma    hepatitis d    alcohol dependence    morbid obesity
    motor neuron disease    diabetic polyneuropathy    t-cell leukemia    neuropathy
    sialadenitis    hypertrophic cardiomyopathy    sickle cell disease    proctitis
    trachoma    cryptococcosis    lipodystrophy    atopic dermatitis
    duodenal ulcer    congenital hypothyroidism    rheumatoid arthritis, association with    cerebritis
    papillary thyroid carcinoma    panniculitis    asbestosis    lymphocytic vasculitis
    brain injury    newcastle disease    asthma    ataxia telangiectasia
    acute lymphoblastic leukemia    ehrlichiosis    histoplasmosis    bronchiolitis
    peripheral neuropathy    bladder cancer susceptibility    retinitis    macular degeneration
    tuberous sclerosis    carcinoma    acrodermatitis    glomerulosclerosis
    pneumonia    hernia    gestational diabetes    fabry disease
    megakaryoblastic leukemia    primary hyperparathyroidism    basal cell carcinoma    chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    onchocerciasis    dilated cardiomyopathy    synovitis    acute lymphocytic leukemia
    pulmonary disease    poliomyelitis    meningoencephalitis    klinefelter's syndrome
    cytomegalovirus retinitis    eclampsia    hepatitis c    vascular dementia
    paracoccidioidomycosis    hyperlipoproteinemia    dermatomyositis    lymphoblastic leukemia
    cerebral palsy    pleural tuberculosis    chronic myeloid leukemia    lupus nephritis
    acute myeloid leukemia    apnea    pericarditis    pulmonary edema
    rheumatoid vasculitis    pulmonary sarcoidosis    myasthenia    herpes simplex
    retinal vasculitis    fanconi's anemia    allergic asthma    respiratory failure
    tourette syndrome    fascioliasis    tuberculosis    hepatitis
    epithelial ovarian cancer    achalasia    periodontal disease    neutropenia
    sarcoma    mood disorder    nephrosis    lyme disease
    wilson disease    fibrosis    burkitt's lymphoma    sleep disorder
    obstructive lung disease    antiphospholipid syndrome    collagen disease    gaucher's disease
    ileus    werner syndrome    hypertension    crohn's disease
    follicular lymphoma    hepatopulmonary syndrome    filariasis    viral hepatitis
    hyperlipidemia    myocarditis    fasciitis    cerebral aneurysms
    cutaneous t cell lymphoma    pleurisy    brucellosis    sepsis
    hypercalciuria    pneumoconiosis    klebsiella    hypercholesterolemia
    essential hypertension    hypothyroidism    kidney disease    cryoglobulinemia
    cholecystitis    agammaglobulinemia    metabolic disorders    hepatitis a
    retinopathy of prematurity    hepatic encephalopathy    mumps    malignant glioma
    silicosis    lipoma    appendicitis    gastritis
    thyroiditis    angiomyolipoma    breast cancer    osteomyelitis
    cramps    hyperparathyroidism    myopathy    hyperuricemia
    nephritis    gastroduodenitis    rhinitis    childhood leukemia
    osteopetrosis    intestinal disease    duodenitis    fibrosarcoma
    dengue disease    myxoma    leptospirosis    neuroendocrine tumor
    hemophilia    spondyloarthropathy    bronchiectasis    kawasaki disease
    fibromyalgia    influenza    wilms tumor    pterygium
    psoriasis    adrenoleukodystrophy    balanitis    mastitis
    eye disease    leukodystrophy    hyperandrogenism    urethritis
    sjogren's syndrome    anoxia    colorectal cancer    aspergillosis
    cerebrovascular disease    cerebral infarction    gallbladder carcinoma    nephrotic syndrome
    chagas disease    cardiomyopathy    rubella    diphtheria
    autoimmune thyroiditis    thrombosis    obesity    retinal ischemia
    leukopenia    stomach cancer    oral tuberculosis    pituitary tumor
    graves' disease    gastric ulcer    cystitis    multiple myeloma
    bronchitis    pulmonary hypertension    myelofibrosis    thyroid carcinoma
    hemochromatosis    autoimmune pancreatitis    immunodeficiency    gallbladder cancer
    pandas    gingivitis    acromegaly    polymyositis
    keratitis    myelodysplastic syndrome    eczema    autoimmune hepatitis
    ischemia    seizures    schistosomiasis    esophagitis
    urticaria    cervicitis    uremia    pancreatitis
    pulmonary tuberculosis    hypertriglyceridemia    down syndrome    melanoma
    acne    osteoarthritis    tetanus    melanoma metastasis
    obesity, association with    neurodegenerative disease    malaria    neurologic diseases
    hypogonadism    ovarian cancer    trypanosomiasis    adenocarcinoma
    pharyngitis    lung carcinoma    oligodendroglioma    vitiligo
    endocarditis    epididymitis    emphysema    amyloidosis
    adhd    toxoplasmosis    thyroid lymphoma    vascular disease
    hyperthyroidism    thalassemia    hypoglycemia    insulinoma
    atopy    cholestasis    brain disease    colon adenocarcinoma
    adenoiditis    nephropathy    tonsillitis    lung cancer
    hepatitis b    gastric adenocarcinoma    cerebral malaria    thrombocytopenia
    hepatoblastoma    acute pancreatitis    purpura    scleroderma
    diarrhea    chondrosarcoma    gout    parkinson's disease
    vaginitis    schizophrenia    measles    vaccinia
    copd    narcolepsy    kidney cancer    noma
    oral cancer    endometrial cancer    encephalitis    acute leukemia
    sinusitis    lung adenocarcinoma    cataract    atherosclerosis
    myeloma    pheochromocytoma    leiomyoma    esophageal carcinoma
    cervical carcinoma    cholera    choriocarcinoma    rhabdomyosarcoma
    breast adenocarcinoma    hyperglycemia    ataxia    osteoporosis
    polyposis    hematopoiesis    homocysteine    colon carcinoma
    pertussis    hepatocellular carcinoma    ovarian carcinoma    cervical cancer
    esophageal cancer    twinning    choroiditis    alzheimer's disease
    laryngitis    neurodegeneration    neuroblastoma    pancreatic carcinoma
    endometriosis    colon cancer    pancreatic diseases    thyroid cancer
    gastric cancer    infertility    blindness    nasopharyngitis
    retinoblastoma    peritonitis    pancreatic cancer    prostate carcinoma
    breast carcinoma    breast disease    cholangiocarcinoma    osteosarcoma
    astrocytoma    prostatitis    prostate cancer    glioblastoma
    adenoma    cholesterol    hypoxia    neuronitis
    hepatitis b virus infection    systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis    venous thromboembolism    preterm premature rupture of the membranes
    generalized pustular psoriasis    chronic graft versus host disease    takayasu's arteritis    hiv-1 viremia
    liver fibrosis    habitual abortion    intervertebral disc disease    thromboembolism
    hiv type 1    venous thrombosis    amyloidosis, secondary    urinary tract infection
    h. pylori infection    lymphoid leukemia    diabetes, type 1

    14 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for TNF:
    Rheumatoid arthritis     Inflammatory bowel disease     Hypersensitivity reaction type II disease     Cancer
    Malaria     Connective tissue disease     Ankylosing spondylitis     Psoriatic arthritis
    Psoriasis     Tuberculosis     Vascular disease     Multiple sclerosis
    Asthma     Peritonitis

    10/96 Novoseek disease relationships for TNF gene (see all 96)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    necrosis 99 80542 15626980 (12), 1595815 (11), 2374209 (11), 10561634 (10) (see all 99)
    tumors 96.4 68579 15626980 (12), 1595815 (11), 2374209 (11), 10561634 (10) (see all 99)
    inflammation 92.2 3272 17482668 (5), 20439544 (5), 7737534 (4), 9042105 (4) (see all 99)
    rheumatoid arthritis 90.1 2641 1802490 (5), 15879156 (4), 8329189 (4), 19560810 (4) (see all 99)
    arthritis psoriatic 79 279 16284098 (4), 9326391 (4), 15838232 (3), 14678719 (3) (see all 99)
    sepsis 78.9 1166 1860332 (7), 15526005 (6), 2064171 (5), 8403981 (5) (see all 99)
    tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome 78.8 119 12352631 (2), 15689926 (2), 18347298 (2), 15492850 (2) (see all 82)
    spondylitis ankylosing 77.7 312 9704649 (4), 15838232 (3), 17414952 (3), 16763453 (3) (see all 99)
    shock septic 77.7 621 9366763 (8), 2285204 (5), 8318801 (5), 10966243 (4) (see all 99)
    arthritis 77.5 684 8033415 (5), 9585810 (5), 7589090 (5), 8222316 (4) (see all 99)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): TNF
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: TNF (2475 documents)
    Tumor Gene Database (TGDB): TNF

    Export disorders for TNF gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for TNF gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for TNF gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 16820):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TNF)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. A polymorphism that affects OCT-1 binding to the TNF promoter region is associated with severe malaria. (PubMed id 10369255)1, 2, 4, 9 Knight J.C....Kwiatkowski D. (1999)
    2. Human tumour necrosis factor: precursor structure, expression and homology to lymphotoxin. (PubMed id 6392892)1, 2, 3 Pennica D.... Goeddel D.V. (1984)
    3. TNF-alpha promoter, Nod2 and toll-like receptor-4 polymorphisms and the in vivo and ex vivo response to endotoxin. (PubMed id 15016407)1, 4, 9 Schippers E.F....van Dissel J.T. (2004)
    4. TNF and TNFR polymorphisms in severe sepsis and septic shock: a prospective multicentre study. (PubMed id 15526005)1, 4, 9 Gordon A.C....Hinds C.J. (2004)
    5. Relation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene polymorphisms with serum concentrations and in vitro production of TNF-alpha and interleukin-8 in heavy drinkers. (PubMed id 15902922)1, 4, 9 Gonzalez-Quintela A....Perez L.F. (2004)
    6. Genetic variation in the stress protein hsp70-2 gene is highly associated with obesity. (PubMed id 11319647)1, 4, 9 Chouchane L....Strosberg A.D. (2001)
    7. Polymorphism of cytokine genes (TGF-beta1, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha) in patients with chronic pancreatitis. (PubMed id 15841043)1, 4, 9 Bendicho M.T....Lemaire D.C. (2005)
    8. -238 and +489 TNF-alpha along with TNF-RII gene polymorphisms associate with the diffuse phenotype in patients with Systemic Sclerosis. (PubMed id 15585313)1, 4, 9 Tolusso B....Ferraccioli G. (2005)
    9. [The associations of the single nucleotide polymorphisms on TNF and CD14 promoters with the mortality of infection, systematic inflammatory response syndromec and sepsis in surgical patients] (PubMed id 14720421)1, 4, 9 Yu B.J....Tang X.M. (2003)
    10. Polymorphisms in the +252(A/G) lymphotoxin-alpha and the -308(A/G) tumor necrosis factor-alpha genes and susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in a Czech population. (PubMed id 12828656)1, 4, 9 Fassmann A....Vanek J. (2003)

    External Searches for TNF gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
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      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing TNF gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 7124 HGNC: 11892 AceView: TNF Ensembl:ENSG00000232810 euGenes: HUgn7124
    ECgene: TNF Kegg: 7124 H-InvDB: TNF

    Other Databases showing TNF gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing TNF gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for TNF Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for TNF Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor_necrosis_factor-alpha
    NIEHS-SNPshttp://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/tnf/
    SeattleSNPshttp://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/tnf/
    SHMPDhttp://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=TNF

    Intellectual Property
    for TNF gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for TNF gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving TNF

    Licensable Technologies for TNF gene:
    Weizmann Institute:Novel anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents based on oleyl alcohols
    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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