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TMEM181 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 46
GCID: GC06P158867

Transmembrane Protein 181

(Previous names: G protein-coupled receptor 178, KIAA1423)
(Previous symbols: KIAA1423, GPR178)

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disease database

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Transmembrane Protein 181¹ ²
GPR178¹ ² ³ ⁵
KIAA1423¹ ² ³ ⁵
G Protein-Coupled Receptor 178¹ ²

External Ids:	HGNC: 20958¹	Entrez Gene: 57583²	Ensembl: ENSG00000146433⁷	OMIM: 613209⁵	UniProtKB: Q9P2C4³

Export aliases for TMEM181 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifer: GC06P156428

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for TMEM181 Gene:

The TMEM181 gene encodes a putative G protein-coupled receptor expressed on the cell surface (Carette et al., 2009

(PubMed 19965467); Wollscheid et al., 2009 (PubMed 19349973)).(supplied by OMIM, Jan 2010)

GeneCards Summary for TMEM181 Gene:

TMEM181 (transmembrane protein 181) is a protein-coding gene. GO annotations related to this gene include toxic substance binding.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TM181_HUMAN, Q9P2C4

Function: Mediates action of cytolethal distending toxins (CDT), which are secreted by many pathogenic bacteria.

Expression level of TMEM181 is rate-limiting for intoxication

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence at NCBI GenBank:

NC_000006.11 NT_025741.16 NC_018917.2

Regulatory elements:

Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TMEM181 gene promoter:
MEF-2 Pax-6 NRSF form 1 Pax-2 Pax-2a NRSF form 2 Evi-1 MEF-2A aMEF-2 Hlf
Other transcription factors

Browse SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids

Search Chromatin IP Primers for TMEM181

Epigenetics:

DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat TMEM181

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6q25.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 6q25.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 6q25.3

TMEM181 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
TMEM181 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 6 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06P158867: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	158,957,468 bp from pter	End:	159,056,467 bp from pter
Size:	99,000 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, ²neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, antibodies-online, and/or GeneTex,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, Cloud-Clone Corp, antibodies-online, and/or others.)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TM181_HUMAN, Q9P2C4 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Transmembrane protein 181

Size: 612 amino acids; 69325 Da

Subunit: Interacts with cytolethal distending toxin

Sequence caution: Sequence=BAA92661.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;

Secondary accessions: Q5VTU1

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TMEM181: NX_Q9P2C4

Explore proteomics data for TMEM181 at MOPED

Post-translational modifications:

Glycosylation² at Asn185, Asn299

Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

See TMEM181 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED, PaxDB, and MaxQB

REFSEQ proteins: NP_065874.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000356057

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(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
About This Section

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9P2C4

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, genOway,
transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs and/or Addgene, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Flow cytometry from eBioscience, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
About This Section

Molecular Function:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: TM181_HUMAN, Q9P2C4

Function: Mediates action of cytolethal distending toxins (CDT), which are secreted by many pathogenic bacteria.

Expression level of TMEM181 is rate-limiting for intoxication

Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0015643	toxic substance binding	IDA	19965467

Find genes that share ontologies with TMEM181 About GenesLikeMe

Phenotypes:
1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for TMEM181:

Decreased p24 protein expressi

Animal Models:

genOway: Develop your customized and physiologically relevant rodent model for TMEM181

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(According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
About This Section

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

TM181_HUMAN, Q9P2C4: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein (Potential)

Subcellular locations from COMPARTMENTS:

Compartment	Confidence
plasma membrane	3
golgi apparatus	1

About this image

Gene Ontology (GO): 1 cellular component term: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0016021	integral component of membrane	IEA	--

Find genes that share ontologies with TMEM181 About GenesLikeMe

(SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
About This Section

Custom Pathway & Disease-focused RT² Profiler PCR Arrays for TMEM181
Interactions:

Search GeneGlobe Interaction Network for TMEM181

Gene Ontology (GO): 1 biological process term: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0009405	pathogenesis	IMP	19965467

Find genes that share ontologies with TMEM181 About GenesLikeMe

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
About This Section

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

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(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and/or Addgene, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, Flow cytometry from eBioscience )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for TMEM181 gene (4 alternative transcripts):

NM_020823.1 XM_005267074.1 XM_005267075.1 XM_006715531.1

Unigene Cluster for TMEM181:

Transmembrane protein 181

Hs.99145 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_020823

1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000367090(uc010kjr.1 uc003qrm.4 uc003qri.1 uc003qrj.1 uc003qrk.1)

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Additional mRNA sequence:

AB037844.1 AJ420476.1 AJ420523.1 AK127866.1 AL359569.1 AY927470.1 AY927471.1 AY927472.1

AY927473.1 AY927585.1 BC033450.1 BC044210.1 BC046100.1 BC058328.1 BC067769.1 BC092402.1

BC108681.1

12 DOTS entries:

DT.101972628 DT.446559 DT.121404377 DT.40288173 DT.92061914 DT.92022279 DT.99999541 DT.102842599

DT.102842600 DT.121404325 DT.92424563 DT.99966545

Selected AceView cDNA sequences (see all 206):

CB069266 BF115637 AA969015 F09857 BQ705894 BQ879425 CA314232 BU078905

BM980713 BC067769 AI218115 BQ029321 BC044210 AI623562 AI379035 F12228

AI636528 BX503578 BM550702 BM995064 BX494829 AA976851 AI273493 AW594108

GeneLoc Exon Structure

4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for TMEM181 About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5	^	6	^	7	^	8	^	9	^	10	^	11	^	12	^	13	^	14a	·	14b	^	15	^	16a	·	16b	^	17	^	18a	·	18b
SP1:																													-				-				-
SP2:					-																								-				-				-
SP3:																																					-
SP4:																																	-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for TMEM181

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

TMEM181 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS <intensity>^2/3
CGAP TAG: TGTTCAGTTG

About this image

TMEM181 Protein expression data from MOPED¹, PaxDb² and MaxQB³:

About this image

TMEM181 Protein Expression

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.99145

Custom PCR Arrays for TMEM181

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In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TMEM181

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for TMEM181 gene from Selected species (see all 14) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Tmem181a^{1 , 5}	transmembrane protein 181A^{1, 5}	84.71(n)¹ 91.93(a)¹		17 (3.85 cM)⁵ 77106¹ NM_001033178.3¹ NP_001028350.1¹ 6270475⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	TMEM181¹	transmembrane protein 181	76.76(n) 84.27(a)		421659 XM_419698.3 XP_419698.3
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	TMEM181⁶	transmembrane protein 181	75(a)	1 ↔ 1	1(212790875-212829492)
tropical clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis)	Amphibia	tmem181¹	transmembrane protein 181	72.22(n) 78.88(a)		733940 NM_001045654.2 NP_001039119.2
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	tmem181¹	transmembrane protein 181	67.7(n) 71.51(a)		557799 NM_001044840.2 NP_001038305.2
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	CG13409¹	CG13409	54.32(n) 47.95(a)		42592 NM_142747.4 NP_651004.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TMEM181 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for TMEM181 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68,Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
About This Section

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 6 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs71030182^1,2	C	--	156518830(-)	`GGGTG-/AGAA TGAGG`	1	--	int¹		1		NA	2
rs67738343^1,2	C	--	156526052(-)	`ACTTT-/CTAA CTTTT`	1	--	ut3¹		2		NA	4
rs113793615^1,2	C,F	--	158955575(+)	`TTCACG/ACCATT`	1	--	us2k¹		1		NA	2
rs149466133^1,2	C	--	158955635(+)	`CGCCCA/GGCTAA`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs192029717^1,2		--	158955656(+)	`TTTTAC/GTAGAG`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs183706794^1,2		--	158955710(+)	`CCTCGC/TGACCT`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs143879500^1,2	C	--	158955737(+)	`CAAAGA/TGCTGG`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs200007552^1,2		--	158955741(+)	`TGCTG-/GGA TTACAGGATT`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs187984841^1,2		--	158955755(+)	`GGCATA/GAGCCA`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs191240428^1,2		--	158955756(+)	`GCATGA/GGCCAC`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TMEM181 (158957468 - 159056467 bp)

Structural Variations
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 7 variations for TMEM181: About this table

Variant ID	Type	Subtype	PubMed ID
esv2732999	CNV	Deletion	23290073
esv2733000	CNV	Deletion	23290073
esv2664518	CNV	Deletion	23128226
esv2672819	CNV	Deletion	23128226
esv2732998	CNV	Deletion	23290073
nsv349061	CNV	Insertion	16902084
nsv518771	CNV	Loss	19592680

Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
About This Section

OMIM gene information: 613209 OMIM disorders: --

Find genes that share disorders with TMEM181 About GenesLikeMe

Genetic Association Database (GAD): TMEM181
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: TMEM181 (1 document)

Export disorders for TMEM181 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for TMEM181 gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 13):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TMEM181)

Haploid genetic screens in human cells identify host factors used by pathogens. (PubMed id 19965467)^{1, 2} Carette J.E....Brummelkamp T.R. (Science 2009)
Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. (PubMed id 17081983)^{1, 2} Olsen J.V....Mann M. (Cell 2006)
A general model of G protein-coupled receptor sequences and its application to detect remote homologs. (PubMed id 16452613)^{1, 3} Wistrand M....Sonnhammer E.L. (Protein Sci. 2006)
The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. (PubMed id 14574404)^{1, 2} Mungall A.J.... Beck S. (Nature 2003)
Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XVI. The complete sequences of 150 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. (PubMed id 10718198)^{1, 2} Nagase T.... Ohara O. (DNA Res. 2000)
Initial characterization of the human central proteome. (PubMed id 21269460)² Burkard T.R.... Colinge J. (BMC Syst. Biol. 2011)
Genetic associations of variants in genes encoding HIV-dependency factors required for HIV-1 infection. (PubMed id 21083371)⁴ Chinn L.W....O'Brien S.J. (J. Infect. Dis. 2010)
Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis. (PubMed id 20068231)² Olsen J.V....Mann M. (Sci. Signal. 2010)
Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N- linked cell surface glycoproteins. (PubMed id 19349973)¹ Wollscheid B.... Watts J.D. (Nat. Biotechnol. 2009)
Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. (PubMed id 18691976)² Daub H.... Mann M. (Mol. Cell 2008)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 57583	HGNC: 20958	AceView: KIAA1423	Ensembl:ENSG00000146433	euGenes: HUgn57583
ECgene: TMEM181	H-InvDB: TMEM181

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

HUGE: KIAA1423

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or others, e.g. Wikipedia and GeneReviews, via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for TMEM181	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

Intellectual Property for TMEM181 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for TMEM181 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving TMEM181

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

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Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Animal models from genOway)
About This Section


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	Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat TMEM181 using miScript Target Protectors		SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing TMEM181
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TMEM181 Gene

Transmembrane Protein 181

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Export list of displayed genes

TMEM181 Gene

Transmembrane Protein 181

Aliasesfor TMEM181 gene

Summariesfor TMEM181 gene

Genomic Viewsfor TMEM181 gene

Proteinsfor TMEM181 gene

TMEM181 Human Recombinant Protein Products:

TMEM181 Antibody Products:

TMEM181 Assay Products:

Domains /Familiesfor TMEM181 gene

Functionfor TMEM181 gene

Localizationfor TMEM181 gene

Pathways & Interactionsfor TMEM181 gene

Drugs & Compoundsfor TMEM181 gene

Transcriptsfor TMEM181 gene

Expression for TMEM181 gene

Orthologsfor TMEM181 gene

Paralogsfor TMEM181 gene

Genomic Variantsfor TMEM181 gene

Disorders / Diseasesfor TMEM181 gene

Publicationsfor TMEM181 gene

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Genome Databases showing TMEM181 gene

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Specialized Databases showing TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

Orthologs
for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene

Genomic Variants
for TMEM181 gene

Disorders / Diseases
for TMEM181 gene

Publications
for TMEM181 gene

Intellectual Property
for TMEM181 gene

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for TMEM181 gene