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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

TKT Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 63
GCID: GC03M053258

transketolase

Explore 147 diseases affiliated with
TKT via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Transketolase¹
TK² ³
EC 2.2.1.1³ ⁸
TKT1²

External Ids:	HGNC: 11834¹	Entrez Gene: 7086²	Ensembl: ENSG00000163931⁷	OMIM: 606781⁵	UniProtKB: P29401³

Export aliases for TKT gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC03M052351 GC03M052511 GC03M053114 GC03M053217 GC03M053233

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for TKT:

This gene encodes a thiamine-dependent enzyme which plays a role in the channeling of excess sugar phosphates to

glycolysis in the pentose phosphate pathway. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have

been observed for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TKT_HUMAN, P29401

Function: Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent

intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000003.11 NC_018914.1 NT_022517.18

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TKT gene promoter:
NF-1 Sp1 p53 HFH-1 LUN-1 Egr-4 C/EBPalpha
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: TKT promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for TKT

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TKT

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 3p14.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 3p21.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 3p14.3

TKT Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
TKT gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 3 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC03M053258: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	53,258,723 bp from pter	End:	53,290,068 bp from pter
Size:	31,346 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TKT_HUMAN, P29401 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Transketolase

Size: 623 amino acids; 67878 Da

Cofactor: Binds 1 magnesium ion per subunit. Can also utilize other divalent metal cations, such as Ca(2+), Mn(2+) and

Co(2+)

Cofactor: Binds 1 thiamine pyrophosphate per subunit

Subunit: Homodimer

2 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for TKT:

3MOS (3D)

3OOY (3D)

Secondary accessions: A8K089 B4DE31 E7EPA7 Q8TBA3 Q96HH3

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P29401-1 P29401-2 (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TKT: NX_P29401

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P29401

4/29 DME Specific Peptides for TKT (P29401) (see all 29)

GGIGEAV

LDNLVAI

GSHCGVS

DKASYRV

TKT Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts):

NP_001055.1 NP_001128527.1 NP_001244957.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000417773 ENSP00000405455 ENSP00000413503 ENSP00000391481 ENSP00000418340

ENSP00000417312 ENSP00000296289

Reactome Protein details: P29401
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	OriGene Purified Proteins (see all 2): TKT OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate (see all 2): TKT OriGene Custom Protein Services for TKT
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	Novus Biologicals TKT Proteins Novus Biologicals TKT Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for TKT
	Uscn Proteins for TKT

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005625	soluble fraction	--	--
GO:0005634	nucleus	IDA	--
GO:0005730	NOT nucleolus	IDA	--
GO:0005777	peroxisome	ISS	--
GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane	--	--

TKT for ontologies About GeneDecksing

TKT Antibody Products:

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	Novus Biologicals TKT Antibodies
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	Search ThermoFisher Antibodies for TKT

Assay Products for TKT:

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	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for TKT

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

TKT for domains About GeneDecksing

5/6 InterPro domains/families (see all 6):

IPR005474 Transketolase_N

IPR005476 Transketolase_C

IPR009014 Transketo_C/Pyr-ferredox_oxred

IPR005475 Transketolase-like_Pyr-bd

IPR020826 Transketolase_BS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P29401

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P29401

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB005475 Transketolase

IPB005476 Transketolase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TKT_HUMAN, P29401

Similarity: Belongs to the transketolase family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TKT_HUMAN, P29401

Function: Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent

intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate

Catalytic activity: Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = D-ribose 5-phosphate + D-xylulose

5-phosphate

Genatlas biochemistry entry for TKT:

transketolase,pentose phosphate pathway

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 2.2.1.1¹ ²

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): TKT Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat TKT
		7 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate TKT:
		hsa-miR-1323 hsa-miR-616* hsa-miR-514b-5p hsa-miR-513c hsa-miR-548o hsa-miR-371-5p hsa-miR-373*
		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for TKT (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: TKT OriGene siRNA: TKT
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TKT

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for TKT

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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): TKT (NM_001064)
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Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for TKT
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for TKT

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TKT

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/8 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 8): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000287	magnesium ion binding	--	--
GO:0003824	catalytic activity	--	--
GO:0004802	transketolase activity	IDA	8419340
GO:0030976	thiamine pyrophosphate binding	--	--
GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	IDA	--

TKT for ontologies About GeneDecksing

1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for TKT:

Increased HPV18 LCR reporter a

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-out Tkt^tm1Jpi for TKT
11 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Tkt):

adipose tissue	behavior/neurological	cardiovascular system	endocrine/exocrine gland	growth/size
liver/biliary system	mortality/aging	nervous system	renal/urinary system	reproductive system
vision/eye

TKT for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/7 super-pathways (see all 7) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Pentose phosphate pathway (hexose monophosphate shunt)

	Pentose phosphate pathway (hexose monophosphate shunt)	1.00			pentose phosphate pathway	0.67
	Pentose Phosphate Pathway	0.88			pentose phosphate pathway (non-oxidative branch)	0.33

Metabolism

Metabolism

1.00

Metabolic pathways

0.38

Glucose / Energy Metabolism

Glucose / Energy Metabolism

1.00

Insulin effects increased synthesis of Xylulose-5-Phosphate

Insulin effects increased synthesis of Xylulose-5-Phosphate

1.00

Pentose phosphate pathway

Pentose phosphate pathway

1.00

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for TKT

Glucose / Energy Metabolism

3 BioSystems Pathways for TKT

	pentose phosphate pathway
	Pentose Phosphate Pathway
	pentose phosphate pathway (non-oxidative branch)

5 Reactome Pathways for TKT

	Metabolism of carbohydrates
	Pentose phosphate pathway (hexose monophosphate shunt)
	Metabolism
	Integration of energy metabolism
	Insulin effects increased synthesis of Xylulose-5-Phosphate

2 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for TKT):

	Pentose phosphate pathway
	Metabolic pathways

TKT for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

Search SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for TKT

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/127 Interacting proteins for TKT (P29401^{2, 3} ENSP00000405455⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 127)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
YWHAZ	P63104²^,³, ENSP00000309503⁴	MINT-3304676 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000309503
H2AFX	P16104³, ENSP00000364310⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000364310
G6PD	P11413³, ENSP00000377192⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000377192
GABARAPL2	P60520³, ENSP00000037243⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000037243
MYC	P01106³, ENSP00000367207⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000367207

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005975	carbohydrate metabolic process	TAS	--
GO:0005999	xylulose biosynthetic process	TAS	--
GO:0006098	pentose-phosphate shunt	TAS	--
GO:0006112	energy reserve metabolic process	TAS	--
GO:0009052	pentose-phosphate shunt, non-oxidative branch	NAS	9357955

TKT for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

TKT for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for TKT

10/13 HMDB Compounds for TKT (see all 13) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate	beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate (see all 2)	--	--
Calcium	Ca (see all 2)	7440-70-2	--
D-Erythrose 4-phosphate	D-Erythrose 4-phosphate (see all 11)	585-18-2	--
D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate	2-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)-Propanal (see all 11)	142-10-9	--
D-Ribose 5-phosphate	D-Ribose 5-phosphate (see all 11)	3615-55-2	--
D-Ribulose 5-phosphate	D-Ribulose 5-phosphate (see all 5)	4151-19-3	--
D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate	7-(dihydrogen phosphate) sedoheptulose (see all 9)	2646-35-7	--
Fructose 6-phosphate	D-Fructose 6-phosphate (see all 13)	643-13-0	--
Magnesium	Magnesium (see all 2)	7439-95-4	--
Sedoheptulose	D-Altro-2-heptulose (see all 4)	3019-74-7	--

10/152 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for TKT gene (see all 152) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
thymidine	93.6	736	11923581 (4), 9127632 (3), 2210063 (3), 7705935 (2) (see all 99)
ganciclovir	87.7	190	16390269 (4), 8690797 (4), 9923018 (3), 10945770 (3) (see all 89)
thiamine pyrophosphate	84.2	93	16097940 (3), 7861245 (2), 19290028 (2), 17309441 (2) (see all 26)
thiamine	80.3	99	9568183 (5), 7861245 (3), 11488910 (3), 9951304 (2) (see all 51)
benfotiamine	79.3	9	16452468 (2), 16416271 (1), 12882930 (1), 18581039 (1) (see all 8)
l-erythrulose	78.5	2	14505172 (1), 18224278 (1)
bvdu	78.1	13	15168799 (2), 18066636 (1), 9415318 (1), 10188760 (1) (see all 5)
acyclovir	78	100	11793392 (4), 11060773 (3), 10421406 (3), 10882609 (3) (see all 45)
tyrosine	77.3	354	18182111 (2), 9115253 (2), 8188658 (2), 8628282 (2) (see all 99)
bv-arau	77.2	19	15168799 (2), 8295566 (2), 8849252 (1), 18066636 (1) (see all 7)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about TKT

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for TKT gene (4 alternative transcripts):

NM_001064.3 NM_001135055.2 NM_001258028.1 NM_001135056.1

Unigene Cluster for TKT:

Transketolase

Hs.89643 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001135055

14 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000462138(uc003dgo.3 uc003dgp.2 uc011beo.1 uc003dgq.3 uc011beq.2 uc011ber.2)

ENST00000423525 ENST00000460343 ENST00000461139 ENST00000450814 ENST00000423516

ENST00000469678 ENST00000460243 ENST00000472528 ENST00000494523 ENST00000466765

ENST00000487660 ENST00000483706 ENST00000296289

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): TKT Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat TKT
		7 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate TKT:
		hsa-miR-1323 hsa-miR-616* hsa-miR-514b-5p hsa-miR-513c hsa-miR-548o hsa-miR-371-5p hsa-miR-373*
		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): TKT (NM_001064)
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		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TKT
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TKT

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK093667.1 AK223614.1 AK289454.1 AK293438.1 AK301231.1 AK303191.1 AK309482.1 BC002433.2

BC008615.1 BC009970.2 BC024026.2 BX647248.1 L12711.1 NR_047580.1 U55017.1 X67688.1

24/61 DOTS entries (see all 61):

DT.100889803 DT.419434 DT.100889811 DT.95146007 DT.95145910 DT.100889832 DT.100889827 DT.100889826

DT.91950120 DT.100889843 DT.91960759 DT.100889813 DT.100889847 DT.91999919 DT.100889819 DT.92384439

DT.92000149 DT.100889860 DT.120844582 DT.202104 DT.91664093 DT.91697449 DT.99973432 DT.100889859

24/1420 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 1420):

BU628345 BI772306 BU688307 BI255115 AU120301 BI917610 BX280765 AW293718

BM787641 BU179613 BQ431347 BU175114 CB157781 AI587111 BP363884 CB112355

CB528850 AU076525 AA599171 CR594422 BQ880672 BQ676380 AL534974 BE252946

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/15 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for TKT (see all 15) About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2a	·	2b	·	2c	·	2d	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	·	4c	·	4d	^	5a	·	5b	^	6a	·	6b	·	6c	·	6d	^	7a	·	7b	·	7c	·	7d	·	7e	^	8a	·	8b	·	8c	·	8d	^	9a	·
SP1:													-								-		-								-		-										-								-
SP2:													-								-		-								-		-										-								-
SP3:							-		-		-		-		-						-		-								-		-										-								-
SP4:																																											-						-
SP5:																																																			-

ExUns:	9b	^	10	^	11a	·	11b	·	11c	^	12	^	13	^	14	^	15a	·	15b	^	16
SP1:									-										-
SP2:									-
SP3:									-
SP4:									-
SP5:									-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for TKT

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

TKT expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: GCCGCCATCT

About this image

TKT expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

3 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Eye

Inner Nuclear Layer

GABAergic Amacrine Cells

Amacrine, Retina

Eye

Inner Nuclear Layer

Mature Horizontal Cells

Horizontal, Retina

Ovary

Primary Follicle

Primary Oocyte

Female Gametocytes, Germ Cells

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See TKT Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for TKT

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.89643

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including TKT:

Glucose Metabolism in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for TKT Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TKT
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TKT
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TKT

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TKT

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the last universal common ancestor (LUCA).

Orthologs for TKT gene from 9/28 species (see all 28) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	TKT¹	transketolase	74.64(n) 84.59(a)		415991 XM_414333.3 XP_414333.2
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	TKT⁶	--	83(a)	1 ↔ 1	2(160044435-160084988)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	MGC68785²	transketolase	76.31(n)		BC060361.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	LOC557518¹	transketolase-like	71.21(n) 71.43(a)		557518 XM_680598.2 XP_685690.2
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	CG8036³	transketolase	58(a) (best of 2)		85A5 --
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	F01G10.1³	transketolase	60(a)		IV(10243790-10245827) --
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	DXPS1⁶ DEF⁶ (see all 3)	Deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase (see all 3)	18(a) 17(a) (see all 3)	possible ortholog possible ortholog (see all 3)	3(7573634-7576623) 4(8883907-8887565)
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	DXS1⁶ DXS3⁶ (see all 3)	transketolase, putative, expressed (see all 3)	18(a) 18(a) (see all 3)	possible ortholog possible ortholog (see all 3)	5(19894615-19900596) 7(4820208-4823668)
E. coli (Escherichia coli)	Gamma proteobacteria	dxs⁶	1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase, thiamine-req...	18(a)	possible ortholog	Chromosome(437539-439401)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TKT (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for TKT (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for TKT gene

TKTL2² TKTL1²

4 SIMAP similar genes for TKT using alignment to 5 protein entries: TKT_HUMAN (see all proteins):

DKFZp686J13123 TKTL2 DKFZp434B129 TKTL1

TKT for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 3 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs12632671^1,2	C,F,H,	--	53258424(+)	`AGGCTG/ATTCCC`	1	--	ds500¹		16		NS EA NA	1856
rs116416796^1,2		--	53258679(+)	`CTCTGG/ACACTG`	1	--	ds500¹		1		NA	120
rs139243723^1,2		--	53258680(+)	`TCTGGC/TACTGC`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs35261010^1,2	C,	--	53258707(+)	`TAAGT-/GGGGGG`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs115779209^1,2		--	53258782(+)	`CGTGTC/TCACAA`	1	--	ut3¹		1		NA	120
rs1056082^1,2	C	--	53258812(-)	`CCTCAG/AAGCTG`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		3		MN NA	188
rs11540529^1,2	C	--	53258983(+)	`TGTGAG/TGGCAG`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs13093936^1,2	C,F,H,	--	53259013(+)	`CAGGTC/TGGGGC`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		8		NS EA NA	532
rs1056076^1,2	C	--	53259054(-)	`AGCTTC/TTGATG`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		0	--	--	--	--
rs116990537^1,2	F,	--	53259095(+)	`CCCCAT/CTGGCA`	1	--	ut3¹		1		EA	120

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TKT (53258723 - 53290068 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 2 variations for TKT
2 CNVs: 51120 51119

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

TKT for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 606781    OMIM disorders: --

20/147 diseases for TKT (see all 147):    About MalaCards

post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance wernicke-korsakoff syndrome graft versus host disease

wiskott-aldrich syndrome herpes zoster herpetic keratitis beriberi

transaldolase deficiency aphthous stomatitis wernicke encephalopathy non-hodgkin lymphoma

familial adenomatous polyposis thanatophoric dysplasia alcoholic psychosis keratitis

gastrointestinal stromal tumor gliosarcoma cowpox myeloproliferative disorder

2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for TKT:

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Beriberi

10/92 Novoseek disease relationships for TKT gene (see all 92) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
herpes simplex	85.1	168	12475412 (3), 12050148 (2), 15483667 (2), 2153540 (1) (see all 99)
thiamine deficiency	75.6	16	7861245 (2), 8683340 (2), 8949966 (2), 8059170 (1) (see all 12)
korsakoff syndrome	70.3	12	8445392 (2), 7596328 (1), 7861132 (1), 8279670 (1) (see all 9)
tumors	57.3	269	1433372 (6), 10794295 (5), 11245445 (5), 7705935 (4) (see all 99)
thyroid papillary carcinoma	53.4	8	7519046 (1), 1437145 (1), 8570194 (1), 8628282 (1) (see all 7)
myeloid leukemia chronic	51.1	12	19536317 (1), 2304355 (1), 19643477 (1), 12440260 (1) (see all 12)
nsclc	50.7	31	16567021 (1), 16330885 (1), 14641989 (1), 14757534 (1) (see all 20)
cancer	49.1	84	18172817 (3), 18320010 (2), 7804359 (2), 9568183 (2) (see all 62)
keratitis herpetic	47.7	2	9746072 (1)
glioma	46.7	22	12639307 (3), 18079358 (2), 20357517 (2), 9823022 (1) (see all 15)

Export disorders for TKT gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for TKT gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 1070):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TKT)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence of a cDNA clone encoding part of human transketolase. (PubMed id 1567394)^{1, 2, 3, 9} Abedinia M.... Mattick J.S. (1992)
Cloning of human transketolase cDNAs and comparison of the nucleotide sequence of the coding region in Wernicke-Korsakoff and non-Wernicke- Korsakoff individuals. (PubMed id 8419340)^{1, 2, 9} McCool B.A.... Singleton C.K. (1993)
The crystal structure of human transketolase and new insights into its mode of action. (PubMed id 20667822)^{1, 2} Mitschke L....Tittmann K. (2010)
Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. (PubMed id 15592455)^{1, 2} Rush J.... Comb M.J. (2005)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)^{1, 2} Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. (PubMed id 12665801)^{1, 2} Gevaert K.... Vandekerckhove J. (2003)
Molecular evolutionary analysis of the thiamine-diphosphate-dependent enzyme, transketolase. (PubMed id 9115179)^{1, 2} Schenk G.... Nixon P.F. (1997)
Transketolase is a major protein in the mouse cornea. (PubMed id 8969223)^{1, 9} Sax C.M....Piatigorsky J. (1996)
Functional flexibility of the transketolase molecule. (PubMed id 11736629)^{1, 9} Kochetov G.A. (2001)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 7086	HGNC: 11834	AceView: TKT	Ensembl:ENSG00000163931	euGenes: HUgn7086
ECgene: TKT	Kegg: 7086	H-InvDB: TKT

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for TKT	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transketolase

Intellectual Property for TKT gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for TKT gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving TKT

GeneCards and IP:
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