TAS2R38 Gene
protein-coding GIFtS: 51
GCID: GC07M141672
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taste receptor, type 2, member 38(Previous name: phenylthiocarbamide tasting ) (Previous symbol: PTC)
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Aliases for TAS2R38 gene
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc,
7Ensembl,
8DME,
9miRBase,
and/or 10fRNAdb) About This Section
|
| Aliases |
|---|
| Taste Receptor, Type 2, Member 381 2 | | T2R382 3 | | PTC1 2 3 5 | | PTC Bitter Taste Receptor2 3 | | T2R611 2 3 5 | | Phenylthiocarbamide Tasting1 | | Taste Receptor Type 2 Member 612 3 | | Taste Receptor Type 2 Member 382 |
Export aliases for TAS2R38 gene to outside databasesPrevious GC identifers: GC00U991247 GC07M141002 GC07M141079 GC07M141125 GC07M141318 GC07M135968 |
Summaries for TAS2R38 gene(According to Entrez Gene,
Tocris Bioscience,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
| Entrez Gene summary for TAS2R38: This gene encodes a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor that controls the ability to taste glucosinolates, afamily of bitter-tasting compounds found in plants of the Brassica sp. Synthetic compounds phenylthiocarbamide (PTC)and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) have been identified as ligands for this receptor and have been used to test thegenetic diversity of this gene. Although several allelic forms of this gene have been identified worldwide, there aretwo predominant common forms (taster and non-taster) found outside of Africa. These alleles differ at three nucleotidepositions resulting in amino acid changes in the protein (A49P, A262V, and V296I) with the amino acid combination PAVidentifying the taster variant (and AVI identifying the non-taster variant). (provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R38_HUMAN, P59533Function: Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked. May play a role insensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this receptor may stimulate alphagustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation and lead to the gating of TRPM5 (By similarity) Gene Wiki entry for TAS2R38
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Genomic Views for TAS2R38 gene
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC (hg19) and
Ensembl (release 69),
Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to
QIAGEN,
SABiosciences, and/or
SwitchGear Genomics) About This Section
| RefSeq DNA sequence:- NC_000007.13 NC_018918.1 NT_007914.15 NT_079596.2
Regulatory elements: SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TAS2R38 gene promoter: AML1a ATF-2 c-Jun Other transcription factors
Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for TAS2R38
Epigenetics:
|  | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TAS2R38 |
Genomic Location: Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 7q34 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 7q34 HGNC cytogenetic band: 7q34TAS2R38 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc information about chromosome 7 GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC07M141672: view genomic region
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
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141,672,431 bp from pter |
End:
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141,673,573 bp from pter |
Size:
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1,143 bases |
Orientation:
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minus strand |
1 alternative location:
| Chr7-,CRA_TCAG 141,010,626-141,011,768 |
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Proteins for TAS2R38 gene
(According to
1UniProtKB,
HORDE,
neXtProt,
Ensembl,
and/or Reactome,
Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus,
Specific Peptides from DME,
Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Enzo Life Sciences,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Sino Biological,
ProSpec, and/or
Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
OriGene,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
Uscn,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Thermo Fisher Scientific,
Abcam, and/or
Uscn)
About This Section
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R38_HUMAN, P59533 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: Taste receptor type 2 member 38 Size: 333 amino acids; 37892 Da
Subcellular location: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein
Miscellaneous: Most taste cells may be activated by a limited number of bitter compounds; individual taste cells candiscriminate among bitter stimuli
Secondary accessions: A4D1U6 P59552 Q2M3E8 Q645W3 Q86UK3Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TAS2R38: NX_P59533
Post-translational modifications:
View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P59533 TAS2R38 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: -- REFSEQ proteins: NP_789787.4 ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000448219 Human Recombinant Protein Products:
Gene Ontology (GO): 1 cellular component term (GO ID links to tree view): About this table | GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|
| GO:0016021 | integral to membrane |
IEA | -- |
TAS2R38 for ontologies About GeneDecksing
TAS2R38 Antibody Products: Assay Products for TAS2R38: |
Protein
Domains / Families for TAS2R38 gene(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
|
TAS2R38 for domains About GeneDecksing
1 InterPro domain/family:Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P59533ProtoNet protein and cluster: P59533 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R38_HUMAN, P59533Similarity: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family |
Function for TAS2R38 gene
(According to 1UniProtKB,
Genatlas,
LifeMap Discovery™,
IUBMB, and/or
2DME,
Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi,
Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences,
miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase
shRNA from
OriGene,
RNAi from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Gene Editing from DNA2.0,
Clones from EMD Millipore,
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
Sino Biological,
DNA2.0,
and Vector BioLabs,
Cell Lines from GenScript,
LifeMap BioReagents,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
| Function Summary: UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R38_HUMAN, P59533Function: Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked. May play a role insensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this receptor may stimulate alphagustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation and lead to the gating of TRPM5 (By similarity)
Clone Products: |  | Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore | |  | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TAS2R38 (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TAS2R38 OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
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In Situ Assay Products: |
| Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TAS2R38 |
Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term (GO ID links to tree view): About this table | GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|
| GO:0004930 | G-protein coupled receptor activity |
IEA | -- |
TAS2R38 for ontologies About GeneDecksing
|
Pathways & Interactions for TAS2R38 gene
(Pathways according to
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
KEGG,
PharmGKB,
BioSystems,
Reactome,
Tocris Bioscience,
GeneGo (Thomson Reuters),
QIAGEN,
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Interaction Networks according to
SABiosciences,
and/or STRING,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT,
3I2D, and/or
4STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene).
About This Section
| Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table  See pathways by source
| Super-pathway | contained gene-specific pathways |
|---|
| 1 | Taste transduction | | | 2 | Sweet Taste Signaling | |
Pathway sources See GeneCards unified pathways Show all pathways
1 Downloadable PowerPoint Slide of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for TAS2R38
1
Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for TAS2R38):
TAS2R38 for pathways About GeneDecksing
Interactions:
SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for TAS2R38
Gene Ontology (GO): 1 biological process term (GO ID links to tree view): About this table | GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|
| GO:0050909 | sensory perception of taste |
IEA | -- |
TAS2R38 for ontologies About GeneDecksing
|
Drugs & Compounds for TAS2R38 gene(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience
HMDB,
BitterDB, and/or
Novoseek, and Drugs according to
DrugBank,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news
search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section
|
TAS2R38 for compounds About GeneDecksing
Browse Tocris compounds for TAS2R38
10/21 BitterDB Bitter Compounds for TAS2R38 (see all 21)  About this table
2 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for TAS2R38 gene About this table
Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about TAS2R38 / T2R38 
|
Transcripts for TAS2R38 gene(Secondary structures according to
fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank, RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
transcript ids from Ensembl
with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
shRNA from
OriGene,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
DNA2.0,
Vector BioLabs,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN
) About This Section
| REFSEQ mRNAs for TAS2R38 gene: NM_176817.4 Unigene Cluster for TAS2R38: Taste receptor, type 2, member 38 Hs.647085 Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_1768171 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation, and UCSC links where relevant: ENST00000547270(uc003vwx.1)
Clone Products: |  | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TAS2R38 (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TAS2R38 OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling 
| |  | GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: TAS2R38 (NM_176817) | |  | DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene
Synthesis Service for TAS2R38 | |  | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TAS2R38  |
Additional cDNA sequence: BC104933.1 BC104937.1 1 DOTS entry: DT.100701086 1 AceView cDNA sequence: NM_176817 GeneLoc Exon Structure
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Expression for TAS2R38 gene
(RNA expression data according to
H-InvDB,
NONCODE,
miRBase, and
RNAdb,
Expression images according to data from
BioGPS,
Illumina Human BodyMap, and
CGAP
SAGE,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™,
plus additional links to
Genevestigator, and/or
SOURCE, and/or
BioGPS, and/or
UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from
SABiosciences,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section
| TAS2R38 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities) See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot About this imageBioGPS CGAP TAG: AAATGAGCTC
About this image Genevestigator expression for TAS2R38
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.647085 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R38_HUMAN, P59533Tissue specificity: Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and exclusively in gustducin-positivecells SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for TAS2R38
Primer Products: |  | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for TAS2R38 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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| Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TAS2R38 |
Orthologs for TAS2R38 gene
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
,
5MGI Mar 06 2013,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
and/or
6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara ,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl and
TreeFam)
About This Section
|
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
Orthologs for TAS2R38 gene from 2/9 species (see all 9) About this table
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TAS2R38 (if available) TreeFam Gene Tree for TAS2R38 (if available)  |
Paralogs for TAS2R38 gene(Paralogs according to
1HomoloGene, 2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68) About This Section
| Paralogs for TAS2R38 gene
- TAS2R52 TAS2R412 TAS2R462 TAS2R162 TAS2R32 TAS2R142 TAS2R432 TAS2R392
- TAS2R422 TAS2R92 TAS2R42 TAS2R302 TAS2R12 TAS2R192 TAS2R72 TAS2R202
- TAS2R82 TAS2R132 TAS2R402 TAS2R102 TAS2R502 TAS2R602 TAS2R312
18/46 SIMAP similar genes for TAS2R38 using alignment to 2 protein entries: T2R38_HUMAN (see all proteins)
(see all similar genes):Hosa(Adygei)-T2R38 Hosa(Biaka)-T2R38 Hosa(Japanese)-T2R38 PTC TAS2R9 Hosa(Adygei)-T2R49 Hosa(Biaka)-T2R49 Hosa(Biaka)-T2R55 Hosa(Japanese)-T2R49 TAS2R20 TAS2R42 TAS2R49 TAS2R7 TAS2R8 Hosa(Adygei)-T2R3 Hosa(Adygei)-T2R55 Hosa(Adygei)-T2R7 Hosa(Biaka)-T2R13
TAS2R38 for paralogs About GeneDecksing
|
Genomic Variants for TAS2R38 gene(SNPs/Variants according to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE,
UniProtKB, and
DNA2.0,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene
Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation
Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN,
Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R38_HUMAN, P59533Polymorphism: Variations in TAS2R38 are associated with the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (PTC tasting)[MIM:171200]; also called thiourea tasting. The ability to taste the substance PTC and a number of related substancesis genetically controlled. Genetic studies have demonstrated complex inheritance for this trait. For some people (andsome chimpanzees also), the chemical PTC tastes very bitter. For others, it is tasteless. Actually, substantialvariation in taste sensitivity exists in human. Five haplotypes arising from three coding SNPs in the TAS2R38 gene areassociated with distinct phenotypes of PTC taste sensitivity
| Genomic Data | Transcription Related Data | Allele Frequencies | | SNP ID | Valid | Clinical significance | Chr 7 pos | Sequence | # | AA Chg | Type | More | # | Allele freq | Pop | Total sample | More |
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HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TAS2R38 (141672431 - 141673573 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions) Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for TAS2R38: -- Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): TAS2R38
 | SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays |
|
Disorders
/ Diseases for TAS2R38 gene
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards,
OMIM, UniProtKB,
the University of Copenhagen DISEASES
database,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
TAS2R38 for disorders About GeneDecksing
OMIM gene information: 607751 OMIM disorders: 171200 9 diseases for TAS2R38: About MalaCardsphenylthiocarbamide tasting motion sickness dental caries nicotine dependence coronary heart disease twinning thyroid cancer thyroiditis alcoholism Genetic Association Database (GAD): TAS2R38 Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: TAS2R38 (24 documents) Export disorders for TAS2R38 gene to outside databases
|
Publications for TAS2R38 gene (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Entrez Gene,
2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
3HGNC,
4GAD,
5PharmGKB,
6HMDB,
7DrugBank,
8UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
9 Novoseek, and/or
10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
PubMed articles for TAS2R38 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 52): (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TAS2R38) | |  | Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic world of online information |
- Positional cloning of the human quantitative trait locus underlying taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide. (PubMed id 12595690)1, 2, 4 Kim U.-K.... Drayna D.T. (2003)
- Identification and characterization of human taste receptor genes belonging to the TAS2R family. (PubMed id 12584440)1, 2, 3 Conte C.... Andres-Barquin P.J. (2002)
- Bitter taste study in a sardinian genetic isolate supports the association of phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity to the TAS2R38 bitter receptor gene. (PubMed id 15466815)1, 4, 9 Prodi D.A....Angius A. (2004)
- Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes. (PubMed id 15496549)1, 2 Fischer A.... Paeaebo S. (2005)
- Associations between phenylthiocarbamide gene polymorphisms and cigarette smoking. (PubMed id 16298720)1, 4 Cannon D.S....Leppert M.F. (2005)
- TAS2R38 (phenylthiocarbamide) haplotypes, coronary heart disease traits, and eating behavior in the British Women's Heart and Health Study. (PubMed id 15883422)1, 4 Timpson N.J....Davey Smith G. (2005)
- Genetic and environmental determinants of bitter perception and sweet preferences. (PubMed id 15687429)1, 4 Mennella J.A....Reed D.R. (2005)
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
- Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways. (PubMed id 12581520)1, 2 Zhang Y.... Ryba N.J. (2003)
- Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology. (PubMed id 12690205)1, 2 Scherer S.W.... Tsui L.-C. (2003)
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External Searches for TAS2R38 gene
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf) About This Section
|
|
Genome Databases showing TAS2R38 gene
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
Kegg,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
|
Other Databases showing TAS2R38 gene
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| -- |
Specialized Databases showing TAS2R38 gene(According to PharmGKB,
ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL, Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) About This Section
|
|
About This Section
| Patent Information for TAS2R38 gene: Search GeneIP for patents involving TAS2R38
GeneCards and IP: Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search
|
Products for TAS2R38 gene(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences), In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics About This Section
|
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 | | TAS2R38 Proteins, Antibodies, CLIAs, and ELISAs |
| | | | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TAS2R38 |
|  |  |  | | | ThermoFisher Antibodies for TAS2R38 |
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