TAS2R16 Gene
protein-coding GIFtS: 53
GCID: GC07M122634
|
|
taste receptor, type 2, member 16
| |
Aliases
for TAS2R16 gene
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc,
7Ensembl,
8DME,
9miRBase,
and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
| Aliases |
|---|
| Taste Receptor, Type 2, Member 161 2 | | T2R161 2 3 5 | | Candidate Taste Receptor T2R162 | | Taste Receptor Type 2 Member 162 |
Export aliases for TAS2R16 gene to outside databasesPrevious GC identifers: GC07M121112 GC07M122175 GC07M122189 GC07M122228 GC07M122421 GC07M116997 |
Summaries
for TAS2R16 gene(According to Entrez Gene,
Tocris Bioscience,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
|
Entrez Gene summary for TAS2R16:
This gene encodes a member of a family of candidate taste receptors that are members of the G protein-coupled receptorsuperfamily. These family members are specifically expressed by taste receptor cells of the tongue and palateepithelia. Each of these apparently intronless genes encodes a 7-transmembrane receptor protein, functioning as abitter taste receptor. This gene is clustered with another 3 candidate taste receptor genes in chromosome 7 and isgenetically linked to loci that influence bitter perception. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R16_HUMAN, Q9NYV7Function: Gustducin-coupled receptor implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and thegastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5
Gene Wiki entry for TAS2R16
|
Genomic Views
for TAS2R16 gene
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC (hg19) and
Ensembl (release 69),
Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to
QIAGEN,
SABiosciences, and/or
SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
| RefSeq DNA sequence:- NC_000007.13 NC_018918.1 NT_007933.15 NT_079596.2
Regulatory elements:
 SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TAS2R16 gene promoter:
C/EBPbeta Brachyury LCR-F1 MEF-2A POU2F1 POU2F1a Sox9 Msx-1 aMEF-2 Pax-4a
Other transcription factors
Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for TAS2R16
Epigenetics:
| | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 |
Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 7q31.1-q31.3|7q31 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 7q31.32 HGNC cytogenetic band: 7q31.1-q31.3TAS2R16 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
 (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GeneLoc information about chromosome 7 GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC07M122634: view genomic region
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
|
122,634,759 bp from pter |
End:
|
122,635,754 bp from pter |
Size:
|
996 bases |
Orientation:
|
minus strand |
1 alternative location:
| Chr7-,CRA_TCAG 122,023,644-122,024,639 |
|
Proteins
for TAS2R16 gene
(According to
1UniProtKB,
HORDE,
neXtProt,
Ensembl,
and/or Reactome,
Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus,
Specific Peptides from DME,
Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Enzo Life Sciences,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Sino Biological,
ProSpec, and/or
Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
OriGene,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
Uscn,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Thermo Fisher Scientific,
Abcam, and/or
Uscn)
About This Section
|
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R16_HUMAN, Q9NYV7 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: Taste receptor type 2 member 16 Size: 291 amino acids; 33986 Da
Subcellular location: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein
Miscellaneous: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell
Miscellaneous: Confers bitter perception of salicin to non-taster mice
Secondary accessions: A4D0X2 Q502V3 Q549U8 Q645W1Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TAS2R16: NX_Q9NYV7
Post-translational modifications:
View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q9NYV7
TAS2R16 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image 
REFSEQ proteins: NP_058641.1
ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000249284
Human Recombinant Protein Products:
Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table
TAS2R16 for ontologies About GeneDecksing
TAS2R16 Antibody Products:
Assay Products for TAS2R16: |
Protein
Domains /
Families
for TAS2R16 gene(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
|
TAS2R16 for domains About GeneDecksing
1 InterPro domain/family:Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9NYV7ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9NYV7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R16_HUMAN, Q9NYV7Similarity: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family |
Function
for TAS2R16 gene
(According to 1UniProtKB,
Genatlas,
LifeMap Discovery™,
IUBMB, and/or
2DME,
Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi,
Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences,
miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase
shRNA from
OriGene,
RNAi from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Gene Editing from DNA2.0,
Clones from EMD Millipore,
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
Sino Biological,
DNA2.0,
and Vector BioLabs,
Cell Lines from GenScript,
LifeMap BioReagents,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|
Function Summary:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R16_HUMAN, Q9NYV7Function: Gustducin-coupled receptor implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and thegastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5
Clone
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OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TAS2R16
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In Situ Assay
Products: |
 | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TAS2R16 |
Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table
TAS2R16 for ontologies About GeneDecksing
2 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for TAS2R16:
|
Pathways & Interactions
for TAS2R16 gene
(Pathways according to
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
KEGG,
PharmGKB,
BioSystems,
Reactome,
Tocris Bioscience,
GeneGo (Thomson Reuters),
QIAGEN,
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Interaction Networks according to
SABiosciences,
and/or STRING,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT,
3I2D, and/or
4STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene).
About This Section
|
Unified GeneCards pathways About this table
See pathways by source
| Super-pathway | contained gene-specific pathways |
|---|
| 1 | Taste transduction | | | 2 | Sweet Taste Signaling | |
Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways
1 Downloadable PowerPoint Slide of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for TAS2R16
1 
Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for TAS2R16):
TAS2R16 for pathways About GeneDecksing
Interactions:
Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for TAS2R16
STRING Interaction
Network Preview (showing 1 interactants - click image to see more details)
1 Interacting protein for TAS2R16 (ENSP000002492844) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2DAbout this table
Gene Ontology (GO): 2 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table | GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|
| GO:0001580 | detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste |
IDA | 16720576 | | GO:0007186 | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway |
IC | 16720576 |
TAS2R16 for ontologies About GeneDecksing
|
Drugs & Compounds
for TAS2R16 gene(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience
HMDB,
BitterDB, and/or
Novoseek, and Drugs according to
DrugBank,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news
search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section
|
 Browse Tocris compounds for TAS2R16
1 HMDB Compound for TAS2R16 About this table
8 BitterDB Bitter Compounds for TAS2R16
| Compound | SMILES |
CAS
# |
|---|
| Amygdalin, D | OCC1OC(OCC2OC(OC(C#N)c3ccccc3)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1O | -- | | Arbutin | OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](Oc2ccc(O)cc2)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O | -- | | D-salicin,Salicin | OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](Oc2ccccc2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O | 138-52-3 | | diphenidol | OC(CCCN1CCCCC1)(c2ccccc2)c3ccccc3 | -- | | Helicin | OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](Oc2ccccc2C=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O | -- | | Phenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside | OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](Oc2ccccc2)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O | 1464-44-4 | | sinigrin | [K+].OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](SC(=NOS(=O)(=O)[O-])CC=C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O | -- | | Sodium Benzoate | [Na+].[O-]C(=O)c1ccccc1 | -- |
About this table
Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about TAS2R16 / T2R16
|
Transcripts
for TAS2R16 gene(Secondary structures according to
fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
transcript ids from Ensembl
with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
shRNA from
OriGene,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
DNA2.0,
Vector BioLabs,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN
)
About This Section
|
REFSEQ mRNAs for TAS2R16 gene: NM_016945.2 Unigene Cluster for TAS2R16: Taste receptor, type 2, member 16 Hs.272395 Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_0169451 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation, and UCSC links where relevant: ENST00000249284(uc003vkl.1)
Clone
Products: | | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TAS2R16 (see all 3)
OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TAS2R16
OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling
| | | GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: TAS2R16 (NM_016945) | | | DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene
Synthesis Service for TAS2R16 | | | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 |
Additional cDNA sequence: BC095524.1 1 DOTS entry: DT.91995294 2 AceView cDNA sequences: CF147792 NM_016945
GeneLoc Exon Structure
|
Expression
for TAS2R16 gene
(RNA expression data according to
H-InvDB,
NONCODE,
miRBase, and
RNAdb,
Expression images according to data from
BioGPS,
Illumina Human BodyMap, and
CGAP
SAGE,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™,
plus additional links to
Genevestigator, and/or
SOURCE, and/or
BioGPS, and/or
UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from
SABiosciences,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section
| TAS2R16 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: GCATCACTGA
About this image
See TAS2R16 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for TAS2R16
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.272395
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R16_HUMAN, Q9NYV7Tissue specificity: Expressed in a subset of gustducin-positive taste receptor cells of the tongue
SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for TAS2R16
Primer
Products: | | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for TAS2R16
Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
| | | SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 | | | QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 | | | QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 | In Situ
Assay Products: |
| Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TAS2R16 |
Orthologs
for TAS2R16 gene
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
,
5MGI Mar 06 2013,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
and/or
6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara ,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl and
TreeFam)
About This Section
|
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
Orthologs for TAS2R16 gene from 1/7 species (see all 7) About this table
| Organism |
Taxonomic
classification |
Gene |
Description |
Human
Similarity |
Orthology
Type |
Details |
chicken
(Gallus gallus) |
Aves |
Q2AB81_CHICK6 |
Taste receptor type 2 |
21(a) |
possible ortholog |
3(112675246-112676211) |
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TAS2R16 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for TAS2R16 (if available) |
Paralogs
for TAS2R16 gene(Paralogs according to
1HomoloGene,
2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section
| Paralogs for TAS2R16 gene
- TAS2R52 TAS2R412 TAS2R462 TAS2R32 TAS2R142 TAS2R432 TAS2R392 TAS2R382
- TAS2R422 TAS2R92 TAS2R42 TAS2R302 TAS2R12 TAS2R192 TAS2R72 TAS2R202
- TAS2R82 TAS2R132 TAS2R402 TAS2R102 TAS2R502 TAS2R602 TAS2R312
17 SIMAP similar genes for TAS2R16 using alignment to 1 protein entry: T2R16_HUMAN:Hosa(Biaka)-T2R16 Hosa(Japanese)-T2R16 Hosa(Biaka)-T2R2 TAS2R41 Hosa(Japanese)-T2R56 TAS2R60
TAS2R9 Hosa(Adygei)-T2R3 Hosa(Biaka)-T2R3 Hosa(Biaka)-T2R40 Hosa(Biaka)-T2R5 Hosa(Japanese)-T2R40
Hosa(Japanese)-T2R5 TAS2R1 TAS2R3 TAS2R40 TAS2R5
TAS2R16 for paralogs About GeneDecksing
1 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogene for TAS2R16
PGOHUM00000233616
|
Genomic Variants
for TAS2R16 gene(SNPs/Variants according to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE,
UniProtKB, and
DNA2.0,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene
Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation
Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN,
Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section
|
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: T2R16_HUMAN, Q9NYV7Polymorphism: The Lys-172 polymorphism in TAS2R16 is associated with genetic susceptibility to alcoholism [MIM:103780]
| Genomic Data | Transcription Related Data | Allele Frequencies | | SNP ID | Valid | Clinical
significance | Chr 7 pos | Sequence | # | AA
Chg | Type | More | # | Allele
freq | Pop | Total
sample | More |
|---|
HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TAS2R16 (122634759 - 122635754 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for TAS2R16: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): TAS2R16
| SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays |
|
Disorders
/ Diseases
for TAS2R16 gene
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards,
OMIM, UniProtKB,
the University of Copenhagen DISEASES
database,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
TAS2R16 for disorders About GeneDecksing
OMIM gene information: 604867
OMIM disorders: 103780
3  diseases for TAS2R16: About MalaCardsnicotine dependence alcohol dependence alcoholism
2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for TAS2R16:Nicotine dependence Alcohol dependence Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: TAS2R16 (3 documents)
Export disorders for TAS2R16 gene to outside databases
|
Publications
for TAS2R16 gene (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Entrez Gene,
2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
3HGNC,
4GAD,
5PharmGKB,
6HMDB,
7DrugBank,
8UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
9 Novoseek, and/or
10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
PubMed articles for TAS2R16 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 23):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TAS2R16) | |  | Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information |
- A novel family of mammalian taste receptors. (PubMed id 10761934)1, 2, 3 Adler E....Zuker C.S. (2000)
- Functional variant in a bitter-taste receptor (hTAS2R16) influences risk of alcohol dependence. (PubMed id 16385453)1, 2 Hinrichs A.L.... Goate A.M. (2006)
- The receptors and coding logic for bitter taste. (PubMed id 15759003)1, 2 Mueller K.L....Ryba N.J. (2005)
- Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes. (PubMed id 15496549)1, 2 Fischer A.... Paeaebo S. (2005)
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
- The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. (PubMed id 12853948)1, 2 Hillier L.W.... Wilson R.K. (2003)
- Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways. (PubMed id 12581520)1, 2 Zhang Y.... Ryba N.J. (2003)
- Receptors for bitter and sweet taste. (PubMed id 12139982)1, 2 Montmayeur J.-P. and Matsunami H. (2002)
- The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta- glucopyranosides. (PubMed id 12379855)1, 2 Bufe B.... Meyerhof W. (2002)
- Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction. (PubMed id 11696554)1, 2 Margolskee R.F. (2002)
|
External Searches for TAS2R16 gene
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section
|
|
Genome Databases showing TAS2R16 gene
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
Kegg,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
|
Other Databases showing TAS2R16 gene
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| -- |
Specialized Databases showing TAS2R16 gene(According to PharmGKB,
ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section
|
| Name | Description |
| PharmGKB entry for TAS2R16 | Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways |
|
| | |
About This Section
| Patent Information for TAS2R16 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving TAS2R16
GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search
|
Products
for TAS2R16 gene(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences),
In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics
About This Section
|
 | |
 | |
 |
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| | | QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of in human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 | | | Search QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing TAS2R16 | | | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 | | | QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 | | | QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 | | | QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TAS2R16 |
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| | | | | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TAS2R16 |
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