Aliases for TAS2R16 Gene
Aliases for TAS2R16 Gene
External Ids for TAS2R16 Gene
- HGNC: 14921
- Entrez Gene: 50833
- Ensembl: ENSG00000128519
- OMIM: 604867
- UniProtKB: Q9NYV7
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for TAS2R16 Gene
- GC07M121112
- GC07M122175
- GC07M122189
- GC07M122228
- GC07M122421
- GC07M122634
- GC07M116997
Summaries for TAS2R16 Gene
-
This gene encodes a member of a family of candidate taste receptors that are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. These family members are specifically expressed by taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelia. Each of these apparently intronless genes encodes a 7-transmembrane receptor protein, functioning as a bitter taste receptor. This gene is clustered with another 3 candidate taste receptor genes in chromosome 7 and is genetically linked to loci that influence bitter perception. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
GeneCards Summary for TAS2R16 Gene
TAS2R16 (Taste 2 Receptor Member 16) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with TAS2R16 include Alcohol Dependence and Alcohol Use Disorder. Among its related pathways are Peptide ligand-binding receptors and Taste transduction. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include G-protein coupled receptor activity and bitter taste receptor activity. An important paralog of this gene is TAS2R41.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for TAS2R16 Gene
-
Gustducin-coupled receptor implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5.
Additional gene information for TAS2R16 Gene
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for TAS2R16 at DataMed
- Search for TAS2R16 at HumanCyc
No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for TAS2R16 Gene
Genomics for TAS2R16 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for TAS2R16 Gene
Promoters and enhancers for TAS2R16 Gene
| GeneHancer (GH) Identifier | GH Type | GH Score |
GH Sources | Gene Association Score | Total Score | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites |
Gene Targets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GH07I122670 | Enhancer | 0.2 | FANTOM5 | 16.7 | +324.8 | 324826 | 0 | TAS2R16 RNF133 RNF148 ENSG00000225795 LOC105375481 CADPS2 | ||
| GH07I123204 | Enhancer | 0.2 | FANTOM5 | 14.7 | -208.5 | -208544 | 0.2 | TAS2R16 SLC13A1 GC07M123231 | ||
| GH07I122802 | Enhancer | 1 | FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE | 2.4 | +192.5 | 192546 | 1.9 | MEIS2 CTCF ZNF687 PKNOX1 ZNF654 USF1 TRIM22 ELF1 RAD21 SMC3 | TAS2R16 CADPS2 LOC100422456 RNF148 | |
| GH07I122970 | Enhancer | 0.3 | FANTOM5 | 4.4 | +24.9 | 24877 | 0.2 | ZNF366 | TAS2R16 LOC105375482 | |
| GH07I122919 | Enhancer | 0.3 | ENCODE | 0.2 | +75.9 | 75918 | 0.2 | CUX1 | CADPS2 LOC105375482 TAS2R16 |
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data dump
GeneHancers around TAS2R16 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Locations for TAS2R16 Gene
Genomic Locations for TAS2R16 Gene
- chr7:122,994,704-122,995,700
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 997 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr7:122,634,759-122,635,754
- (GRCh37/hg19)
Genomic View for TAS2R16 Gene
Genes around TAS2R16 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 7q31.32 by Ensembl
- 7q31.32|7q31 by Entrez Gene
- 7q31.32 by HGNC
TAS2R16 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for TAS2R16 Gene
Proteins for TAS2R16 Gene
-
Protein details for TAS2R16 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q9NYV7-T2R16_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Taste receptor type 2 member 16
- Protein Accession:
- Q9NYV7
- A4D0X2
- Q502V3
- Q549U8
- Q645W1
Protein attributes for TAS2R16 Gene
- Size:
- 291 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 33986 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Interacts with RTP3 and RTP4.
- Miscellaneous:
-
- Confers bitter perception of salicin to non-taster mice.
- Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.
Post-translational modifications for TAS2R16 Gene
- Glycosylation at posLast=8080 and posLast=163163
Other Protein References for TAS2R16 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
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Assay Products
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for TAS2R16 Gene
Domains & Families for TAS2R16 Gene
Gene Families for TAS2R16 Gene
- HGNC:
- IUPHAR :
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- G-protein coupled receptors
- Predicted membrane proteins
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for TAS2R16 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q9NYV7- Family:
-
- Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
Function for TAS2R16 Gene
Molecular function for TAS2R16 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Gustducin-coupled receptor implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5.
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0004871 | signal transducer activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0004930 | G-protein coupled receptor activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 16720576 |
| GO:0033038 | bitter taste receptor activity | IDA | 16720576 |
Phenotypes for TAS2R16 Gene
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for TAS2R16:
-
- Increased viability
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- Increased gamma-H2AX phosphorylation
- Decreased hepcidin::fluc mRNA expression
- Decreased viability in esophageal squamous lineage
- Resistant to vaccinia virus (VACV-A4L) infection
- Increased HPV18 LCR reporter activity
- Decreased homologous recombination repair frequency
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-
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No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog , Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for TAS2R16 Gene
Localization for TAS2R16 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for TAS2R16 Gene
- Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| plasma membrane | 5 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 4 |
| golgi apparatus | 4 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum | IDA | 16720576 |
| GO:0005802 | trans-Golgi network | IDA | 16720576 |
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | TAS | -- |
| GO:0009897 | external side of plasma membrane | IDA | 16720576 |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | IEA | -- |
No data available for Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for TAS2R16 Gene
Pathways & Interactions for TAS2R16 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Signaling by GPCR | ||
| 2 | Taste transduction | ||
| 3 | Peptide ligand-binding receptors | ||
| 4 | Sweet Taste Signaling | ||
Pathways by source for TAS2R16 Gene
6 Reactome pathways for TAS2R16 Gene
1 KEGG pathway for TAS2R16 Gene
1 Qiagen pathway for TAS2R16 Gene
Interacting Proteins for TAS2R16 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001580 | detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste | IDA | 16720576 |
| GO:0007165 | signal transduction | IEA | -- |
| GO:0007186 | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | TAS | -- |
| GO:0050896 | response to stimulus | IEA | -- |
| GO:0050909 | sensory perception of taste | IEA | -- |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for TAS2R16 Gene
Drugs & Compounds for TAS2R16 Gene
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amygdalin, D |
|
|
|
|||
| D-salicin,Salicin |
|
138-52-3 |
|
|
||
| Helicin |
|
|
|
|||
| Phenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside |
|
1464-44-4 |
|
|
||
| sinigrin |
|
534-69-0 |
|
(1) ApexBio Compounds for TAS2R16 Gene
| Compound | Action | Cas Number |
|---|---|---|
| Probenecid | 57-66-9 |
Transcripts for TAS2R16 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for TAS2R16 Gene
- (1) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (1) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (2) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (1) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for TAS2R16 Gene
CRISPR Products
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Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
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Clone Products
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- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for TAS2R16
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-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for TAS2R16
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
Expression for TAS2R16 Gene
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of TAS2R16 Gene:
TAS2R16SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for TAS2R16 Gene:
Hs.272395mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for TAS2R16 Gene:
Q9NYV7-T2R16_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Expressed in a subset of gustducin-positive taste receptor cells of the tongue. Expressed in circumvallate papillae and testis (PubMed:16720576).
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for TAS2R16
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No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery , mRNA differential expression in normal tissues , Protein differential expression in normal tissues , Protein expression , Protein tissue co-expression partners , Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for TAS2R16 Gene
Orthologs for TAS2R16 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | TAS2R16 33 34 |
|
||
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | TAS2R16 33 34 |
|
||
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Tas2r118 33 16 34 |
|
||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Tas2r118 33 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | T2R62 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | TAS2R16 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | -- 34 |
|
OneToMany | |
| -- 34 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | TAS2R7 34 |
|
OneToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for TAS2R16 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
- sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Paralogs for TAS2R16 Gene
Paralogs for TAS2R16 Gene
(17) SIMAP similar genes for TAS2R16 Gene using alignment to 1 proteins:
Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for TAS2R16 Gene
Variants for TAS2R16 Gene
Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for TAS2R16 Gene
- T2R16_HUMAN-Q9NYV7
- The Lys-172 polymorphism in TAS2R16 is associated with genetic susceptibility to alcoholism [MIM:103780].
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 07 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs846664 | pathogenic, risk-factor, Beta-glycopyranoside tasting, Alcohol dependence, susceptibility to | 122,995,119(-) | A/C | coding_sequence_variant, missense_variant | |
| rs1000312684 | -- | 122,996,053(-) | G/A | upstream_transcript_variant | |
| rs1000428852 | -- | 122,996,358(-) | C/T | upstream_transcript_variant | |
| rs1000644068 | -- | 122,997,675(-) | T/A | upstream_transcript_variant | |
| rs1002117094 | -- | 122,995,318(-) | T/C | coding_sequence_variant, missense_variant |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| dgv6605n100 | CNV | gain | 25217958 |
| esv3891198 | CNV | gain | 25118596 |
| nsv1033520 | CNV | loss | 25217958 |
| nsv524192 | CNV | gain | 19592680 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
75.8% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
0.73;
15.50% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for TAS2R16 Gene
Disorders for TAS2R16 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| alcohol dependence |
|
|
| alcohol use disorder |
|
|
| ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 11 |
|
|
| tobacco addiction |
|
|
Search TAS2R16 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for TAS2R16
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for TAS2R16 Gene
Publications for TAS2R16 Gene
- A novel family of mammalian taste receptors. (PMID: 10761934) Adler E … Zuker CS (Cell 2000) 2 3 4 58
- Bitter taste receptor gene polymorphisms are an important factor in the development of nicotine dependence in African Americans. (PMID: 18524836) Mangold JE … Li MD (Journal of medical genetics 2008) 3 44 58
- Functional variants in TAS2R38 and TAS2R16 influence alcohol consumption in high-risk families of African-American origin. (PMID: 17250611) Wang JC … Goate AM (Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research 2007) 3 44 58
- Members of RTP and REEP gene families influence functional bitter taste receptor expression. (PMID: 16720576) Behrens M … Meyerhof W (The Journal of biological chemistry 2006) 3 4 58
- Functional variant in a bitter-taste receptor (hTAS2R16) influences risk of alcohol dependence. (PMID: 16385453) Hinrichs AL … Goate AM (American journal of human genetics 2006) 3 4 58
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- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
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Sources for TAS2R16 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) ASD
- (29) ECgene
- (30) GeneAnnot
- (31) CGAP SAGE
- (32) SOURCE
- (33) HomoloGene
- (34) PanEnsembl
- (35) euGenes
- (36) SGD
- (37) FlyBase
- (38) WormBase
- (39) Pseudogene
- (40) DGV
- (41) dbSNP
- (42) GenAtlas
- (43) HGMD
- (44) GAD
- (45) BGMUT
- (46) HuGE
- (47) Atlas
- (48) Cell Signaling Technology
- (49) GenBank
- (50) H-invDB
- (51) HORDE
- (52) HUGE
- (53) IMGT
- (54) Leiden
- (55) miRBase
- (56) DME
- (57) OriGene
- (58) PubMed
- (59) R&D Systems
- (60) TGDB
- (61) Tocris
- (62) Abcam
- (63) Novus Biologicals
- (64) ProSpec
- (65) Sino Biological
- (66) GenScript
- (67) Qiagen
- (68) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (69) OCA
- (70) Proteopedia
- (71) MOPED
- (72) neXtProt
- (73) Reactome
- (74) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (75) fRNAdb
- (76) DISEASES
- (77) SIMAP
- (78) GenomeRNAi
- (79) LifeMap
- (80) miRTarBase
- (81) MalaCards
- (82) Invitrogen
- (83) BitterDB
- (84) Vector BioLabs
- (85) ESI-BIO
- (86) RefSeq
- (87) BioSystems
- (88) MaxQB
- (89) IUPHAR
- (90) BioGPS
- (91) Illumina
- (92) COMPARTMENTS
- (93) HOMER
- (94) PaxDb
- (95) ApexBio
- (96) Addgene
- (97) antibodies-online
- (98) CYP
- (99) NONCODE
- (100) SwitchGear Genomics
- (101) TreeFam
- (102) PathCards
- (103) GeneReviews
- (104) GeneTex
- (105) Taconic Biosciences
- (106) GTEx
- (107) ProteomicsDB
- (108) SCBT
- (109) DGIdb
- (110) ClinicalTrials
- (111) FDA Approved Drugs
- (112) RVIS
- (113) SIGNOR
- (114) diseasecard
- (115) NIH Rare Diseases
- (116) Orphanet
- (117) UMLS
- (118) GTR
- (119) Disease Ontology
- (120) Genetics Home Reference
- (121) MeSH
- (122) MedlinePlus
- (123) CDC
- (124) NINDS
- (125) NCBI Bookshelf
- (126) ClinVar
- (127) Gene Damage Index
- (128) ViGene Biosciences
- (129) HPO
- (130) UDN
- (131) VISTA
- (132) FANTOM5
- (133) ENCODE
- (134) ProSci
- (135) Horizon
- (136) NURSA
- (137) IID
- (138) Cyagen
- (139) VectorBuilder
- (140) SNPedia
- (141) BRCA Exchange
- (142) St John's Lab
- (143) CIViC
- (144) ProteoGenix
- (145) dbSUPER
- (146) TISSUES
- (147) Gene ORGANizer
- (148) abm
- (149) CrownBio
- (150) Human Protein Atlas
- (151) GWAS Catalog
- (152) Monarch Initiative
- (153) DataMed
- (154) HumanCyc
- (155) genomics-online
- (156) UCNEbase
- (157) EPDnew