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TARS Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 62

GC05P033476
threonyl-tRNA synthetase
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
Services    
(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc , and/or 7Ensembl, 8miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases
EC 6.1.1.3 3
MGC9344 2
ThrRS 2, 3
Descriptions
Threonine--tRNA ligase 2, 3
threonine tRNA ligase 1, cytoplasmic 2
threonyl-tRNA synthetase 2
External Ids
HGNC: 115721
Entrez Gene: 68972
UniProtKB: P266393
Ensembl: ENSG000001134077
Search outside databases for aliases for TARS gene

Previous GC identifers: GC05U990056 GC05P033887 GC05P033440 GC05P033486

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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EntrezGene summary for TARS:
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because
of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs,
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution.
Threonyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family [provided by
RefSeq]

Gene Wiki entry for TARS
(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:
UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

 Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the TARS gene  

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 5p13.2   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  5p13.3   HGNC cytogenetic band: 5p13.2

TARS Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 5         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC05P033476:     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
33,476,655 bp from pter
End:
33,503,953 bp from pter
Size:
27,299 bases
Orientation:
plus strand
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000005.8  NT_006576.15  
(According to 1UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SYTC_HUMAN, P26639 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Threonyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic  
Size: 723 amino acids; 83435 Da
Subunit: Homodimer
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm
PDB structures from and Proteopedia :
1WWT (3D)    
Secondary accessions: Q96FP5 Q9BWA6

Post-translational modifications:

  • View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite2


  • REFSEQ proteins: NP_689508.3  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
    ENSP00000265112 


    Human Recombinant Proteins 
    Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
    Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
    Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich  
    Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (TARS)
    Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (TARS)
                    Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells 

    1 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component term (links to tree view):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005737 cytoplasm NAS2033077
    About this table

    Antibodies for TARS: 
    Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
    Browse Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
    Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for TARS
    Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
    Antibodies from Abcam (TARS), each with their AbpromiseSM
    Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (TARS)
    Novus Biologicals Antibodies for TARS

    Assays for TARS: 
    Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
    Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
    Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
    Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    5/8 InterPro domains/families (see all 8 ):
     IPR002314 aa-tRNA-synt_IIb_cons-reg
     IPR002320 Thr-tRNA-synth_IIa
     IPR012675 b-grasp_ferredoxin-like
     IPR006195 aa-tRNA-synth_II_cons-reg
     IPR012947 tRNA_SAD


       GeneDecks  TARS for the domains selected above  
    About GeneDecksing

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P26639

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P26639

    3 Blocks protein families:
    IPB002320 Threonyl-tRNA synthetase signature
    IPB004095 TGS domain
    IPB004154 Anticodon binding domain


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SYTC_HUMAN, P26639
    Similarity: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family

    (According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
    shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
    RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Inhib.
    RNA:
    Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (TARS)
    Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
    Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (TARS)
                  OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_152295

                  Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for TARS

                  Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for TARS  
                         Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for TARS  
                         Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

    Clones:Invitrogen Clones for TARS
    Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
                  OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152295
                                     Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152295
                                     untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152295 

    Primers: Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers
                  OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_003191

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SYTC_HUMAN, P26639
    Catalytic activity: ATP + L-threonine + tRNA(Thr) = AMP + diphosphate + L-threonyl-tRNA(Thr)
    Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 6.1.1.3 

    Genatlas biochemistry entry for TARS:
    threonyl-tRNA synthetase

    5/6 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view) (see all 6 ):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000166 nucleotide binding IEA--
    GO:0004829 threonine-tRNA ligase activity NAS2033077
    GO:0005515 protein binding IPI17220478 17353931
    GO:0005524 ATP binding IEA--
    GO:0016874 ligase activity IEA--
    About this table

    (Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
    Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, and/or 3STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section


    2 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for  TARS  (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity) 
     Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism
     Aminoacyl-tRNA Biosynthesis

       GeneDecks  TARS for the pathways selected above  
    About GeneDecksing

    2 Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for TARS):
     hsa00260 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
     hsa00970 Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis

       GeneDecks  TARS for the pathways selected above  
    About GeneDecksing
     Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for  TARS 


    5/184 Interacting proteins for TARS (P266391, 2) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 184 )
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    BCAR3O758151EBI-1042683, EBI-702336
    ELF3P785451EBI-1042683, EBI-1057285
    HLA-BP304801EBI-1042683, EBI-1054175
    MCCP235081EBI-1042683, EBI-307531
    NDRG1Q925971EBI-1042683, EBI-716486
    About this table

    1 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process term (links to tree view):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006435 threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation NAS2033077
    About this table
    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
    About This Section

    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences
    Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

    Browse Tocris compounds for TARS
    5 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for TARS gene
    Compound   Score   Articles   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    trna(thr) 95.82 1 1567450 (1)
    anticodon 73.35 4 1280807 (2), 1567450 (1), 2109304 (1)
    trna 70.60 15 11136973 (2), 15525511 (2), 1280807 (2), 12554667 (1) (see all 6)
    threonine 54.22 6 14563161 (1), 15525511 (1), 2109304 (1), 10881191 (1)
    zinc 27.92 4 10881191 (2), 11136973 (1), 11732604 (1)
    About this table


    (GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
    non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
    ESTs according to GeneTide,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
    siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
    shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
    Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
    About This Section

    Inhib.
    RNA:
    Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (TARS)
    Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
    Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (TARS)
                  OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_152295

                  Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for TARS  
                         Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for TARS  
                         Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

    Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: 

    NM_152295  

    REFSEQ mRNAs for TARS gene: 

    NM_152295.3   

    Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays: 

    NM_152295  

                  OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152295
                                     Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152295
                                     untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152295 

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK095852.1 AK222804.1 AK292346.1 AK293620.1 AK296783.1 AK308342.1 AK311361.1 AK315713.1 
    BC000517.2 BC003699.1 BC010578.1 BC088355.1 CR598000.1 M63180.1 

    17 DOTS entries:

    DT.446382  DT.101973743  DT.91683773  DT.100880984  DT.100030096  DT.100880994  DT.120880672  DT.107088 
    DT.120880671  DT.87046925  DT.100880983  DT.100880991  DT.100880993  DT.100880995  DT.102827096  DT.120880657 
    DT.75107215 

    24/513 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 513 ):

    BQ213220 BM785600 BQ653277 BC010578 BE297604 BG109208 BP872718 BQ925253 
    CN485124 AI933590 AU124418 BM468797 AI539648 AA312456 AA496803 AA470392 
    BF969946 CR598000 BP873604 CA439270 CA420958 AK095852 AI753151 AA309110 

    highest scoring ESTs for TARS:

    M63180 AA047555 AA047615 AA047687 AA112293 AA112550 AA158015 AA160996 AA190555 AA224574 

    Unigene Cluster for TARS:

    Threonyl-tRNA synthetase
    Hs.481860  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_152295


    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/10 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for TARS (see all 10 )

    ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c ^ 2a · 2b · 2c · 2d · 2e ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6a · 6b ^ 7a · 7b · 7c · 7d ^ 8a · 8b · 8c ^ 9a · 9b ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12 ^
    SP1:                                                  -           -     -                                                                                       
    SP2:                                                  -           -     -     -     -                                                                           
    SP3:                                                  -           -                                                                                             
    SP4:                    -     -     -     -           -           -     -                                                                                       
    SP5:              -     -     -     -     -           -           -     -                                                                                       

    ExUns: 13 ^ 14 ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18 ^ 19 ^ 20 ^ 21 ^ 22
    SP1:                                                            
    SP2:                                                            
    SP3:                                                            
    SP4:                                                            
    SP5:                                                            

    About this scheme

    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for TARS

    1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation:
    ENST00000265112  
    (Experimental results according to 1GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
    probe sets-to-genes annotations according to 2GeneAnnot , 3GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
    Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
    About This Section

    TARS expression in normal and diseased human tissues

     Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for TARS

    1 / 2 / 3

    3 probe-sets matching TARS gene


    Affymetrix
    probe-set
    Array  GeneAnnot data GeneNote data GeneTide data
    # genes Sensitivity Specificity Correlation Length Gb_Accession Consensus Uniqueness Score Rank

    38473_at2, 3 U95-A 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 M63180 1.00 1.00 1.00 1

    201263_at2, 3 U133-A 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- NM_003191 0.20 1.00 0.72 1

    201263_at2 U133Plus2 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    About this table
    Data from (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
        About these images
    About these images

    CGAP SAGE TAG: GCAGACATTG

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.481860

    Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for TARS

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD and/or 5MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
    About This Section


    Orthologs for TARS gene from 5/25 species (see all 25 )
    Organism Gene Locus Description Human
    Similarity
    NCBI accessions
    dog
    (Canis familiaris)
    TARS1   -- threonyl-tRNA synthetase 91.7(n)
    95.44(a)
    479370  XM_536509.2  XP_536509.2 
    chimpanzee
    (Pan troglodytes)
    TARS1   -- threonyl-tRNA synthetase 99.77(n)
    99.72(a)
    461951  XM_001153971.1  XP_001153971.1 
    cow
    (Bos taurus)
    TARS1   -- threonyl-tRNA synthetase 90.96(n)
    95.71(a)
    510075  NM_001034370.1  NP_001029542.1 
    rat
    (Rattus norvegicus)
    Tars1   -- threonyl-tRNA synthetase 87.48(n)
    95.83(a)
    294810  NM_001006976.1  NP_001006977.1 
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)
    Tars1, 5 15 (6.70 cM)5
    threonyl-tRNA synthetase1, 5 86.98(n)1
    95.01(a)1
    1109601  NM_033074.31  NP_149065.21 
     AA4099775  AI8496205  (see all 27)
    About this table        Species with no ortholog for TARS

    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TARS
    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene
    and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org)
    About This Section

    Paralogs for TARS gene
    TARS22  TARSL22  MRPL392  

    (According to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
    About This Section


    10/184 NCBI SNPs in TARS are shown (see all 184 )
    (Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay)  (see all 83)
    ABGenomic DataTranscription DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidChr 5 posSequenceRecsAA
    Chg
    TypeMoreRecsAllele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ------------
    rs37566611,2
    A,C,F,H33476567(-) TGTGGA/CACAAT 1 -- ng5110Minor allele frequency- C:0.29EA NA MN EU WA 3308
    rs72611,2
    A,C,F,H33503686(-) TATTCA/GGACTT 1 -- ut31 ese322Minor allele frequency- G:0.22MN EA NA EU WA 3523
    rs23046211,2
    A,C,F,H33476881(-) CGGGTG/CGGAGG 1 -- ut51 ese36Minor allele frequency- C:0.29EA MN WA 3000
    rs168911291,2
    C,F,H33476950(+) CGCCAA/GTGTTT 1 V mis1 ese312Minor allele frequency- G:0.18NA EU EA WA 1044
    rs37566641,2
    A,C,F33475909(-) TTCAAA/GTACAA 1 -- ng517Minor allele frequency- G:0.35NA MN EA 1574
    rs37566631,2
    C,F,H33476063(-) GGTACG/TTGCTC 1 -- ng5112Minor allele frequency- N:0.00NA EU EA WA 1050
    rs37566621,2
    C,F33476381(-) CCCAGG/ACCTCA 1 -- ng516Minor allele frequency- A:0.43EA NA MN 2814
    rs343347861,2
    C,F33481191(+) GATTGG/ATGCTG 1 D/G mis15Minor allele frequency- A:0.02NA EU EA WA 498
    rs117428621,2
    C,H33476521(+) TAGACC/AAAGAC 1 -- ng514Minor allele frequency- A:0.00EU EA WA 416
    rs10512131,2
    H33496871(+) ACTCAC/TCCGGG 1 T/I mis15Minor allele frequency- T:0.00MN EU EA WA 590
    About this table

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for TARS (up to first 250kb)

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    OMIM: 187790

    5 Novoseek disease relationships for TARS gene

    Disease   Score   Articles   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    myositis 59.30 1 17043379 (1)
    polymyositis 56.86 3 7983666 (2), 12235211 (1)
    raynauds phenomenon 46.99 1 17043379 (1)
    polyarthritis 45.75 2 17043379 (1), 10606385 (1)
    dermatomyositis 42.73 2 10606385 (1), 12235211 (1)
    About this table

    (Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
    About This Section

      --

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Novoseek, 2HGNC, 3Entrez Gene, 4UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 5UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 6GAD, and/or 7PharmGKB)
    About This Section

    10/44 PubMed articles for TARS gene (see all 44 ):
    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section

     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Free Text  

      Query String
    PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)
    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section

    Entrez Gene: 6897 HGNC: 11572 AceView: TARS Ensembl:ENSG00000113407 euGenes: HUgn6897
    ECgene: TARS H-InvDB: TARS
    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section

      --
    (According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section

      --
    (Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)
    About This Section

      --
    (Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
    Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
    Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
    About This Section



    Products for TARS:
     TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays
     TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays
      Free SNP selection tool



      Invitrogen iPath Pathways  Invitrogen BLOCK-iT™ RNAi
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      Invitrogen Proteins / Assays / Screening Services  Search Invitrogen catalog for TARS-related products

     Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
     Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
     Millipore Immunoassay Services
     Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services


     Predesigned and custom siRNAs for TARS Antibodies for TARS
     Explore super-pooled esiRNAs Browse proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
     Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for TARS Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
     "Your Favorite Gene" Pathwaysfeedback


      
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     Search www.enzolifesicences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies
     Antibodies for TARS

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