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SYK Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 71

GC09P092603

spleen tyrosine kinase
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases
DKFZp313N1010 ^²
EC 2.7.10.2 ^³
FLJ25043 ^²
FLJ37489 ^²
OTTHUMP00000021627 ^²
OTTHUMP00000021628 ^²

Descriptions
spleen tyrosine kinase ^², ³

External Ids
HGNC: 11491¹
Entrez Gene: 6850²
UniProtKB: P43405³
Ensembl: ENSG00000165025⁷

Search outside databases for aliases for SYK gene

Previous GC identifers: GC09P084403 GC09P085292 GC09P086863 GC09P088905 GC09P090643

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: KSYK_HUMAN, P43405

Function: Positive effector of BCR-stimulated responses. Couples the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)

to the mobilization of calcium ion either through a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent pathway,

when not phosphorylated on tyrosines of the linker region, or through a phospholipase

C-gamma-dependent pathway, when phosphorylated on Tyr-348 and Tyr-352. Thus the differential

phosphorylation of Syk can determine the pathway by which BCR is coupled to the regulation of

intracellular calcium ion (By similarity)

Gene Wiki entry for SYK (Syk)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:

UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the SYK gene

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 9q22 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 9q22.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 9q22

SYK Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 9 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC09P092603: (about GC identifiers)

Start:	92,603,891 bp from pter
End:	92,700,652 bp from pter
Size:	96,762 bases
Orientation:	plus strand

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000009.10 NT_008470.18

(According to ¹UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: KSYK_HUMAN, P43405 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK

Size: 635 amino acids; 72066 Da

Subunit: Interacts with CBL and SLA when it is phosphorylated. The interaction with SLA may link it

to CBL, leading to its destruction. Interacts with phosphorylated NFAM1 (By similarity). Interacts

with Epstein-Barr virus LMP2A. Interacts through its SH2 domains with the phosphorylated ITAM

domain of CD79A which stimulates SYK autophosphorylation and activation. Interacts with FCRL3

PDB structures from and Proteopedia :

1A81 (3D)

1CSY (3D)

1CSZ (3D)

1XBA (3D)

1XBB (3D)

1XBC (3D)

3BUW (3D)

3EMG (3D)

3FQE (3D)

3FQH (3D)

3FQS (3D)

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P43405-1 P43405-2

Post-translational modifications:

Autophosphorylated¹

Phosphorylation on Tyr-323 creates a binding site for c-Cbl, an adapter protein that serves as a

negative regulator of BCR-stimulated calcium ion signaling (By similarity)¹

Phosphorylation on Tyr-348 and Tyr-352 enhances the phosphorylation and activation of phospholipase

C-gamma and the early phase of calcium ion mobilization via a phosphoinositide

3-kinase-independent pathway (By similarity)¹

Ubiquitinated by CBLB after BCR activation; which promotes proteasomal degradation (By similarity)¹

View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite²

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_001128524.1 NP_003168.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000364898 ENSP00000364899 ENSP00000364904 ENSP00000364907

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Invitrogen human recombinant proteins for SYK
	Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant SYK Protein
	Sigma-Aldrich Proteins and CompoZr ZFN for SYK
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for SYK
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (Syk)
	Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (SYK)

OriGene Purified Recombinant Human Protein: SYK

5/6 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (links to tree view) (see all 6 ):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005634	nucleus	IDA	18029348
GO:0005730	NOT nucleolus	IDA	18029348
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	--
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	EXP	9280292
GO:0019815	B cell receptor complex	IEA	--

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Antibodies for SYK:

	Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
	Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of SYK
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for SYK
	Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for SYK
	Antibodies from Abcam (Syk), each with their Abpromise^SM
	Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (SYK)
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for SYK

Assays for SYK:

	Invitrogen Assays for SYK
	Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of SYK
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Sandwich ELISA Kits for SYK
	Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P43405

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P43405

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB000980 SH2 domain signature

IPB008266 Tyrosine protein kinase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: KSYK_HUMAN, P43405

Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SYK/ZAP-70

subfamily

Similarity: Contains 1 protein kinase domain

Similarity: Contains 2 SH2 domains

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (SYK)
		Millipore RNAi Products for the Analysis of SYK Gene knock-down
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (SYK)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 4): NR_024155

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for SYK

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for SYK

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for SYK

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Clones:		Invitrogen Clones for SYK
		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore

OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001135052
Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001135052
untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 4): NM_001135052

Primers:

Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers

OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_003177

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: KSYK_HUMAN, P43405

Function: Positive effector of BCR-stimulated responses. Couples the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)

to the mobilization of calcium ion either through a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent pathway,

when not phosphorylated on tyrosines of the linker region, or through a phospholipase

C-gamma-dependent pathway, when phosphorylated on Tyr-348 and Tyr-352. Thus the differential

phosphorylation of Syk can determine the pathway by which BCR is coupled to the regulation of

intracellular calcium ion (By similarity)

Catalytic activity: ATP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine = ADP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine phosphate

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 2.7.10.2

Genatlas biochemistry entry for SYK:

spleen tyrosine kinase,non SRC family,expressed in B,T and myeloid cells

8 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 4 alleles) (MGI details for Syk):

	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism	immune system	lethality-postnatal
lethality-prenatal/perinatal	limbs/digits/tail	skeleton

5/7 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view) (see all 7 ):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	IEA	--
GO:0004715	non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity	IEA	--
GO:0004716	receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity	IEA	--
GO:0005178	integrin binding	IPI	12885943
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	8627166 9280292 12885943

About this table

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
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5/11 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for SYK (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity) (see all 11 )

B Cell Receptor Signaling
Natural Killer Cell Signaling
Role of NFAT in Regulation of the Immune Response
CD28 Signaling in T Helper Cells
Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses

GeneDecks SYK for the pathways selected above

About GeneDecksing

Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for SYK

5/177 Interacting proteins for SYK (ENSP00000364898³ P43405^{1, 2}) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 177 )

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
CD22	P20273¹	STRING (score=.982) EBI-78302, EBI-78277
FCER1G	P30273¹	STRING (score=.999) EBI-78302, EBI-515289
ITGB2	P05107¹	STRING (score=.965) EBI-78302, EBI-300173
CBL	P22681²	STRING (score=.999) MINT-50720 MINT-50715 MINT-50721 MINT-6539663 MINT-50719 MINT-6538977 MINT-17273
PIK3R1	P27986²	STRING (score=.968) MINT-56733 MINT-56738 MINT-56737 MINT-56732 MINT-56731 MINT-56736

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5/24 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view) (see all 24 ):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001820	serotonin secretion	IEA	--
GO:0006461	protein complex assembly	TAS	8163536
GO:0007159	leukocyte adhesion	IDA	12885943
GO:0007167	enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway	IEA	--
GO:0007229	integrin-mediated signaling pathway	NAS	12885943

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(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Sigma-Aldrich Small Molecules for SYK:

Antagonist

Compounds for SYK available from Tocris Bioscience

Compound	Action	CAS number
ER 27319 maleate	Selective Syk kinase inhibitor	[201010-95-9]
Piceatannol	Inhibits TNF-induced NF-kappaB activation	[10083-24-6]
MNS	Selective inhibitor of Src and Syk	[1485-00-3]

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10/44 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for SYK gene (see all 44 )

Compound	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
piceatannol	93.03	76	10194444 (4), 10586078 (4), 15123770 (2), 12393431 (2) (see all 44)
tyrosine	90.61	1228	9186005 (6), 10931839 (6), 7538118 (6), 9208937 (5) (see all 99)
convulxin	74.24	7	9670039 (2), 10217417 (1), 10942756 (1), 11278467 (1) (see all 5)
phosphotyrosine	69.79	10	8590001 (1), 10075687 (1), 18689684 (1), 8526891 (1) (see all 10)
pp55	68.15	1	9195899 (1)
phosphatidylinositol	62.10	23	12477728 (5), 11698498 (3), 9183664 (1), 7831290 (1) (see all 17)
4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine	60.92	3	14978183 (1), 15107458 (1)
wortmannin	53.79	7	10586078 (2), 11698498 (1), 16918505 (1), 14699155 (1) (see all 5)
bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(iv)	53.78	1	7657667 (1)
phosphoinositide	51.14	13	11331248 (1), 12077122 (1), 11907067 (1), 11931654 (1) (see all 12)

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (SYK)
		Millipore RNAi Products for the Analysis of SYK Gene knock-down
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (SYK)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 4): NR_024155

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for SYK

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for SYK

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs:

NM_001135052 NM_003177

REFSEQ mRNAs for SYK gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_001135052.1 NM_003177.4

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays:

NM_001135052 NM_003177

               OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001135052
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001135052
                                 untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 4): NM_001135052

Additional cDNA sequence:

AJ420449.1 AK057772.1 AK075020.1 AK290927.1 BC001645.2 BC002962.1 BC011399.1 CR606511.1

L28824.1 S80267.1 X73568.1 Z29630.1

20 DOTS entries:

DT.113736 DT.100775429 DT.100775428 DT.100736526 DT.86850732 DT.100775425 DT.95161192 DT.100739866

DT.87016326 DT.91994386 DT.104802 DT.95212498 DT.100743088 DT.100651169 DT.121160422 DT.95161189

DT.95161195 DT.100026638 DT.91768282 DT.97815100

24/315 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 315 ):

BG315206 BU753966 AW467357 AW518156 CF136975 BX482304 AW080011 W33093

AW170502 AA035009 AI000768 BX379114 T48751 AV718389 AI699718 BX363732

BM689901 AA486583 BQ223631 BE252469 BM910830 BM542806 AI871668 BQ064905

highest scoring ESTs for SYK:

AA521157 L28824 S80267 AA034191 AA313814 AA552029 AA844354 AA847192 AA854904 AA878639

Unigene Cluster for SYK:

Spleen tyrosine kinase

Hs.371720 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_003177

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/10 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for SYK (see all 10 )

ExUns:	1	^	2a	·	2b	·	2c	^	3	^	4	^	5a	·	5b	·	5c	·	5d	^	6a	·	6b	^	7	^	8	^	9	^	10	^	11a	·	11b	^	12a	·	12b	^	13a	·	13b	^	14	^	15	^	16	^	17a	·
SP1:																			-														-
SP2:			-		-		-		-		-								-														-
SP3:			-		-		-		-		-								-												-		-
SP4:							-		-		-								-												-		-
SP5:																			-				-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-

ExUns:	17b	·	17c	^	18
SP1:
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for SYK

4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:

ENST00000375746 ENST00000375747 ENST00000375751 ENST00000375754

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
About This Section

SYK expression in normal and diseased human tissues

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for SYK

¹ / ² / ³

13 probe-sets matching SYK gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
88118_at²^{, 3}	U95-D	1	1.00	1.00	0.30	0.83	AA922065	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
548_s_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	0.94	0.89	S80267	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
36885_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	0.95	0.93	L28824	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
55564_at²^{, 3}	U95-B	1	1.00	1.00	0.97	1.24	AA521157	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
1630_s_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	0.94	1.19	HG3730-HT4000	0.20	1.00	0.72	1
226068_at²^{, 3}	U133-B	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	BF593625	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
209269_s_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	AW450910	0.20	1.00	0.72	1
207540_s_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	NM_003177	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
244023_at²^{, 3}	U133-B	1	0.91	1.00	--	--	AW467357	0.40	1.00	0.76	1
226068_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
209269_s_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
207540_s_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
244023_at²	U133Plus2	1	0.91	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

GeneDecks SYK for binary patterns associated with the probe-sets selected above

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Data from

(Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: AGACTGATCC

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.371720
Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for SYK

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for SYK gene from 5/9 species (see all 9 )

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	SYK¹	--	spleen tyrosine kinase	86.5(n) 93.3(a)	484196 XM_845318.1 XP_850411.1
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	SYK¹	--	spleen tyrosine kinase	98.73(n) 98.73(a)	464586 XM_520123.2 XP_520123.2
cow (Bos taurus)	SYK¹	--	spleen tyrosine kinase	88.13(n) 93.21(a)	515515 NM_001037465.1 NP_001032542.1
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Syk¹	--	spleen tyrosine kinase	84.75(n) 92.46(a)	25155 NM_012758.1 NP_036890.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Syk^{1, 5}	13 (37.00 cM)⁵	spleen tyrosine kinase^{1, 5}	85.48(n)¹ 93(a)¹	20963¹ NM_011518.2¹ NP_035648.2¹ AK036736⁵ AK049207⁵ (see all 14)

About this table Species with no ortholog for SYK

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for SYK

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Paralogs for SYK gene

TNK2² ZAP70²

(According to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

10/793 NCBI SNPs in SYK are shown (see all 793 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay) (see all 341)

AB	SNP ID	Valid	Chr 9 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Pop	Total sample	More
AB	Genomic Data				Transcription Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--			--
	rs8773^1,2	A,F,H,O	92700528(-)	`AGGGCT/GGGGAG`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		6	MN EU EA WA	790
	rs290986^1,2	A,C,F,H	92603357(-)	`CTGCTT/CCTGAA`	1	--	ng5¹		7	NA MN EU EA WA	636
	rs158688^1,2	A,C,F,H	92698675(-)	`TTTCTT/CTGGAA`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		9	MN EU EA WA	1020
	rs13559^1,2	A,C,F,H	92700130(-)	`TGGGTG/ATGAGA`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		5	MN EA WA	668
--	rs290988^1,2	A,C,F,H	92602776(-)	`aattgG/Caggta`	1	--	ng5¹		1	EU	120
	rs158687^1,2	C,F,H,O	92698799(-)	`GAAGAT/CGAGGA`	2	--	ut3¹		17	MN EU EA WA NA	1658
	rs290987^1,2	A,C,F,H	92603088(-)	`AAAAAA/TATATA`	1	--	ng5¹		1	EU	120
	rs1049164^1,2	C,F,H,O	92698027(+)	`GTCCCG/AGGGTG`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		12	MN NA EU EA WA	1164
	rs10512203^1,2	C,F,H	92698855(+)	`TGTACC/ATCTTG`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		16	NS NA EU EA WA	1076
--	rs16906862^1,2	C,F,H	92646135(+)	`GAGCCG/ACAACT`	2	H/R	mis¹		11	NA EU EA WA	958

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HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for SYK (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
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OMIM: 600085

10/49 Novoseek disease relationships for SYK gene (see all 49 )

Disease	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
lymphocytic leukemia chronic b-cell	39.24	6	16912221 (1), 19092849 (1), 19296913 (1), 19144411 (1)
lymphoma b-cell	38.17	7	16912221 (1), 19092849 (1), 19296913 (1), 9865907 (1) (see all 5)
wiskott-aldrich syndrome	36.64	2	16460447 (1), 11313252 (1)
leukemia lymphocytic chronic	35.40	1	19092849 (1)
leukemia b-cell	31.17	2	16912221 (1), 19092849 (1)
leukemia basophilic	26.27	3	7513161 (1), 12193692 (1), 14996825 (1)
lymphoma	24.96	16	17182546 (5), 16670274 (2), 9565626 (1), 16409295 (1) (see all 7)
t-all	23.27	4	16160012 (1), 12717427 (1), 12542476 (1)
burkitt lymphoma	22.70	1	16912221 (1)
allergic reaction	22.39	2	17141440 (1)

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1 PharmGKB disease relationship for SYK gene

Disease	PharmGKB Relations	PubMed IDs for articles supporting these relationships
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute, L1	FA GN	12086872

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Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: SYK (1 document)

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
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Clinical Trials Show Potential of Immunomodulators for Asthma Treatment: Presented at AAAAI

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Novoseek, ²HGNC, ³Entrez Gene, ⁴UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁵UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁶GAD, and/or ⁷PharmGKB)
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10/728 PubMed articles for SYK gene (see all 728 ):

Molecular cloning of human Syk. A B cell protein-tyrosine kinase associated with the surface immunoglobulin M-B cell receptor complex. (PubMed id 8163536)^{1, 3, 4} Law C.-L.... Clark E.A. (1994)
Coordinated regulation of the tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl by Fyn and Syk tyrosine kinases. (PubMed id 9535867)^{1, 3, 4} Deckert M.... Liu Y.C. (1998)
Structural basis for Syk tyrosine kinase ubiquity in signal transduction pathways revealed by the crystal structure of its regulatory SH2 domains bound to a dually phosphorylated ITAM peptide. (PubMed id 9698567)^{1, 3, 4} Fuetterer K.... Waksman G. (1998)
Integral membrane protein 2 of Epstein-Barr virus regulates reactivation from latency through dominant negative effects on protein-tyrosine kinases. (PubMed id 7895172)^{1, 3, 4} Miller C.L.... Kieff E. (1995)
Cloning of the cDNA for the deleted syk kinase homologous to ZAP-70 from human basophilic leukemia cell line (KU812). (PubMed id 7513161)^{1, 3, 4} Yagi S.... Ra C. (1994)
Solution structure of the C-terminal SH2 domain of the human tyrosine kinase Syk complexed with a phosphotyrosine pentapeptide. (PubMed id 8590001)^{1, 3, 4} Narula S.S.... Dalgarno D.C. (1995)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{3, 4} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation pathways in human cells using mass spectrometry. (PubMed id 12522270)^{3, 4} Salomon A.R.... Peters E.C. (2003)
SLAP, a dimeric adapter protein, plays a functional role in T cell receptor signaling. (PubMed id 10449770)^{3, 4} Tang J.... Burakoff S.J. (1999)
Chromosomal location of the Syk and ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase genes in mice and humans. (PubMed id 8082894)^{2, 3} Ku G....Mattei M.G. (1994)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 6850	HGNC: 11491	AceView: SYK	Ensembl:ENSG00000165025	euGenes: HUgn6850
ECgene: SYK	H-InvDB: SYK

(According to HUGE)
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(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for SYK	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Licensable Technologies for SYK
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)

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(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
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Products for SYK:

TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays

TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays

Free SNP selection tool

Invitrogen iPath Pathways	Invitrogen BLOCK-iT™ RNAi
Invitrogen Antibodies	Invitrogen Assays
Invitrogen Clones	Invitrogen Q-PCR Products
Invitrogen Human Recombinant Kinases	Invitrogen Custom Antibody and Peptide Service
Invitrogen Proteins / Assays / Screening Services	Search Invitrogen catalog for SYK-related products

	Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	Millipore Immunoassay Services
	Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Predesigned and custom siRNAs for SYK		Antibodies for SYK
	Explore super-pooled esiRNAs		Proteins for SYK
	Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for SYK		Small molecules for SYK
	"Your Favorite Gene" Pathways		feedback

	Antibodies		Primer Pairs
	Cell Culture Products		ELISAs
	Flow Cytometry Kits		Protease Activity Assays & Reagents
	Cell Selection/Detection Kits & Reagents		ELISA/Assay Development Kits & Reagents
	Multiplex/Array Assay Kits & Reagents		ELISpot Kits & Development Modules
	Recombinant & Natural Proteins

	Recombinant Proteins (SYK)
	Antibodies (SYK)
	Chimera RNAi (SYK)
	Custom Service for Mouse Mab
	Custom Service for Rabbit Pab from Full-length Protein

Antibodies & Assays for SYK

	Recombinant Proteins (Syk)
	Antibodies (Syk)

	Tagged/untagged cDNA clones
	Validated SYBR primer pairs
	Purified proteins from HEK293T cells
	Western blot validated antibodies
	shRNA in GFP-retroviral vector

Tocris compounds for SYK

Search www.enzolifesicences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

Antibodies for SYK

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SYK Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 71

Aliases &
Descriptions
for SYK

Summaries
for SYK

Genomic Location
for SYK

Proteins
for SYK

Protein Domains/
Families
for SYK

Gene Function
for SYK

Pathways & Interactions
for SYK

Drugs & Compounds
for SYK

Transcripts
for SYK

Expression
for SYK

Orthologs
for SYK

Paralogs
for SYK

SNPs/Variants
for SYK

Disorders & Mutations
for SYK

Medical News
for SYK

Publications
for SYK

Search for SYK

Genome Databases showing SYK

Other Databases showing SYK

Specialized Databases showing SYK

Licensable Technologies
for SYK

Services
for SYK

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

SYK Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 71

Aliases & Descriptionsfor SYK

Summariesfor SYK

Genomic Locationfor SYK

Proteinsfor SYK

Protein Domains/Familiesfor SYK

Gene Functionfor SYK

Pathways & Interactionsfor SYK

Drugs & Compoundsfor SYK

Transcriptsfor SYK

Expression for SYK

Orthologsfor SYK

Paralogsfor SYK

SNPs/Variantsfor SYK

Disorders & Mutationsfor SYK

Medical Newsfor SYK

Publicationsfor SYK

Search for SYK

Genome Databases showing SYK

Other Databases showing SYK

Specialized Databases showing SYK

Licensable Technologiesfor SYK

Servicesfor SYK

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Aliases &
Descriptions
for SYK

Summaries
for SYK

Genomic Location
for SYK

Proteins
for SYK

Protein Domains/
Families
for SYK

Gene Function
for SYK

Pathways & Interactions
for SYK

Drugs & Compounds
for SYK

Transcripts
for SYK

Expression
for SYK

Orthologs
for SYK

Paralogs
for SYK

SNPs/Variants
for SYK

Disorders & Mutations
for SYK

Medical News
for SYK

Publications
for SYK

Licensable Technologies
for SYK

Services
for SYK