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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

SST Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 65
GCID: GC03M187386

somatostatin

Explore 287 diseases affiliated with
SST via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Somatostatin¹
SMST¹ ²
Growth Hormone Release-Inhibiting Factor² ³
Somatostatin-14¹
Somatostatin-28¹

External Ids:	HGNC: 11329¹	Entrez Gene: 6750²	Ensembl: ENSG00000157005⁷	OMIM: 182450⁵	UniProtKB: P61278³

Export aliases for SST gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC03M184201 GC03M188648 GC03M188788 GC03M188707 GC03M188869 GC03M184791

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for SST:

The hormone somatostatin has active 14 aa and 28 aa forms that are produced by alternate cleavage of the single

preproprotein encoded by this gene. Somatostatin is expressed throughout the body and inhibits the release of numerous

secondary hormones by binding to high-affinity G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. This hormone is an important

regulator of the endocrine system through its interactions with pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone,

and most hormones of the gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin also affects rates of neurotransmission in the central

nervous system and proliferation of both normal and tumorigenic cells. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMS_HUMAN, P61278

Function: Somatostatin inhibits the release of somatotropin

summary for SST:

Somatostatin (somatotropin release inhibiting factor, SRIF) is an endogenous cyclic polypeptide with two

biologically active forms. It is an abundant neuropeptide and has a wide range of physiological effects on

neurotransmission, secretion and proliferation. The somatostatin receptor family consists of five subtypes,

sst1-5, each differentially distributed throughout the central nervous system and periphery. Endogenous

somatostatin receptor ligands include somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28. Somatostatin receptors have

diverse biological functions due to their varied distribution and the fact that they couple to different

second messengers. They couple to adenylyl cyclase, PLC, K+ channels, Ca2+ channels and others. Somatostatin

receptors in the hypothalamus are involved in the regulation of growth hormone secretion. Other hormones

regulated by somatostatin receptors include thyrotropin and prolactin. Somatostatin has antiproliferative

effects via stimulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity and of the MAPK signaling cascade, with

subsequent induction of G1 cell cycle arrest (sst1, sst4, sst5) and promotion of apoptosis (sst2, sst3). It

also exhibits antiangiogenic activity via activation of sst3. Somatostatin regulates neuronal activity by

regulating AMPA/kainate-mediated responses to glutamate. Different sst subtypes have opposing effects in

this system. Somatostatin receptors also play a role in blood glucose homeostasis; sst5 receptors in the

pancreatic beta-cells stimulate insulin secretion, whilst sst2 receptors are involved in glucagon secretion

from alpha-cells. In addition, sst2 receptors inhibit gastric acid secretion and peristalsis in the jejunum.

Gene Wiki entry for SST (Somatostatin)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000003.11 NC_018914.1 NT_005612.16

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the SST gene promoter:
CREB Nkx3-1 v4 PPAR-gamma1 deltaCREB PPAR-gamma2 Gfi-1
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: SST promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for SST

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat SST

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 3q28 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 3q27.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 3q28

SST Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
SST gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 3 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC03M187386: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	187,386,694 bp from pter	End:	187,388,201 bp from pter
Size:	1,508 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMS_HUMAN, P61278 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Somatostatin precursor

Size: 116 amino acids; 12736 Da

Subcellular location: Secreted

1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for SST:

1P2W (3D)

Secondary accessions: B2R5G3 P01166

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for SST: NX_P61278

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P61278

SST Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_001039.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000287641

Reactome Protein details: P61278
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Uscn Proteins for SST

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	--
GO:0005615	extracellular space	TAS	9437026
GO:0043025	neuronal cell body	IEA	--

SST for ontologies About GeneDecksing

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Assay Products for SST:

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	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for SST

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

SST for domains About GeneDecksing

2 InterPro domains/families:

IPR018142 Somatostatin/Cortistatin_C

IPR004250 Somatostatin

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P61278

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P61278

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMS_HUMAN, P61278

Similarity: Belongs to the somatostatin family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMS_HUMAN, P61278

Function: Somatostatin inhibits the release of somatotropin

Genatlas biochemistry entry for SST:

somatostatin

Summary:

During embryonic development, SST as signaling molecule is secreted from the following cells: Delta Cells in Islets of Langerhans It affects the following cells: Biliary Epithelial Cells in Intrahepatic Biliary Tree

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: SST Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
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		hsa-miR-576-5p hsa-miR-590-3p hsa-miR-197 hsa-miR-4257
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Gene Editing
Products:

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Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for SST
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In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for SST

Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005179	hormone activity	TAS	9886848

SST for ontologies About GeneDecksing

3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for SST:

Decreased G3BP1 protein expres

Increased G2M DNA content

Increased number of mitotic ce

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-outs for SST: Sst^tm1Ute Sst^tm1Low
8 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 5 alleles) (MGI details for Sst):

behavior/neurological	digestive/alimentary	growth/size	homeostasis/metabolism	immune system
nervous system	no phenotypic analysis	normal

SST for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)

	Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	1.00			Peptide ligand-binding receptors	0.61
	GPCR ligand binding	0.75			G alpha (i) signalling events	0.44

Signaling by GPCR

	Signaling by GPCR	1.00			Signal Transduction	0.56
	GPCR downstream signaling	0.89

SIDS Susceptibility Pathways

SIDS Susceptibility Pathways

1.00

Gastric acid secretion

Gastric acid secretion

1.00

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

1 BioSystems Pathway for SST

SIDS Susceptibility Pathways

5/7 Reactome Pathways for SST (see all 7)

	GPCR downstream signaling
	Peptide ligand-binding receptors
	Signal Transduction
	Signaling by GPCR
	G alpha (i) signalling events

1 Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for SST):

Gastric acid secretion

SST for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for SST

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/143 Interacting proteins for SST (P61278³ ENSP00000287641⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 143)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
SSTR1	P30872³, ENSP00000267377⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000267377
SSTR2	P30874³, ENSP00000350198⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000350198
SSTR3	P32745³, ENSP00000330138⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000330138
SSTR4	P31391³, ENSP00000255008⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000255008
SSTR5	P35346³, ENSP00000293897⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000293897

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/16 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 16): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001101	response to acid	--	--
GO:0006972	hyperosmotic response	IEA	--
GO:0007166	cell surface receptor signaling pathway	TAS	9437026
GO:0007186	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS	8405411
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	TAS	6145156

SST for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

SST for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for SST available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
Octreotide	sst2, sst3 and sst5 agonist	[79517-01-4]
L-803,087 trifluoroacetate	Potent and selective sst4 agonist	[217480-26-7]
CYN 154806	Selective sst2 antagonist	[183658-72-2]
NNC 26-9100	Selective sst4 agonist	[199522-35-5]
L-817,818	Potent and selective sst5 agonist	[217480-27-8]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMS_HUMAN, P61278

Pharmaceutical: A synthetic analog known as octreotide or SMS 201-995 is available under the name Sandostatin

(Novartis). It is used for the treatment of a variety of disorders including acromegaly and the symptomatic treatment

of carcinoid tumors and vasoactive intestinal peptide tumors

1 HMDB Compound for SST About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Cysteamine	(2-Mercaptoethyl)amine (see all 30)	60-23-1	--

1 DrugBank Compound for SST About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Cysteamine	(2-Mercaptoethyl)amine (see all 20)	60-23-1	target	binder	2901134 6142843 11752352 4080089 2653642

10/119 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for SST gene (see all 119) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
octreotide	97.6	1565	8527611 (8), 11380324 (7), 15647641 (7), 11269891 (7) (see all 99)
lanreotide	95.3	236	10526255 (6), 10537142 (5), 12807513 (5), 18494832 (3) (see all 99)
111in-pentetreotide	91.2	71	7975760 (3), 11787852 (3), 7908220 (2), 8683311 (1) (see all 57)
pegvisomant	89.7	62	17427111 (3), 16498061 (2), 18611977 (2), 19763127 (2) (see all 44)
vapreotide	86.9	42	19708854 (2), 1354449 (2), 7511473 (2), 11275699 (2) (see all 33)
tyr-3-octreotide	85.7	34	10537142 (5), 10398816 (2), 1975618 (2), 9662587 (1) (see all 20)
somatuline	85.5	20	1973071 (2), 11022177 (2), 7535186 (2), 7908838 (1) (see all 15)
pasireotide	84.3	27	18957506 (2), 18041687 (2), 17113654 (1), 19845567 (1) (see all 18)
terlipressin	81.9	128	15743361 (8), 15955217 (8), 16998289 (6), 8898643 (6) (see all 66)
pentetreotide	80	12	8099808 (2), 11952044 (1), 10229898 (1), 9669296 (1) (see all 9)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about SST / SMS

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for SST gene:

NM_001048.3

Unigene Cluster for SST:

Somatostatin

Hs.12409 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: BI918626

1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000287641(uc003frn.3)

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Additional cDNA sequence:

AK312177.1 BC032625.1

6 DOTS entries:

DT.97806115 DT.100815862 DT.412989 DT.120879761 DT.100815860 DT.100815861

24/365 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 365):

CA841941 BI712720 CA942896 CA950934 CA867817 BQ787935 CA848245 BU074907

CA842138 CA841084 BQ269803 F07028 BM504636 BM352214 BQ631240 BM509691

BU948997 CA943363 BQ776534 BQ631500 BQ286457 CA841644 BU785465 BU949031

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

SST expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: ACGGAGAATT

About this image

SST expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

2 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Pancreas

Islets of Langerhans

Delta Cells

Selective marker (cell-identifying gene)

Pancreas

Bone

Maxillary Process

Bone

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 10/11 LifeMap Cells (see all 11)

Name

Category

Pancreatic endoderm/endocrine precursor-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

Pancreatic-like cells (Derivation of pancre...)

beta-like cells (Generation of beta c...)

Endocrine progenitors (Generation of pancre...)

Posterior foregut (Generation of pancre...)

beta-like cells (Derivation of beta c...)

beta-like cells (Serum-free protocol ...)

Islet-like clusters (Serum-free protocol ...)

Ventral/hypothalamic-like neurons (Generation of midbra...)

Trophoblast-like cells (Generation of tropho...)

See SST Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for SST

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.12409

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including SST:

cAMP / Ca2+ Signaling PathwayFinder in human mouse rat

Terminal Differentiation Markers in human mouse rat

Obesity in human mouse rat

Embryonic Stem Cells in human mouse rat

Apoptosis 384HT in human mouse rat

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In Situ
Assay Products:

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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for SST gene from 5/13 species (see all 13) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Sst^{1 , 5}	somatostatin^{1, 5}	90.52(n)¹ 96.55(a)¹		16 (15.00 cM)⁵ 20604¹ NM_009215.1¹ NP_033241.1¹ 23889581⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	SST¹	somatostatin	82.18(n) 87.93(a)		396279 NM_205336.1 NP_990667.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	SST⁶	--	78(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343730.1(4703-23072)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	Xl.13593²	Xenopus laevis somatostatin 1b precursor, mRNA, complete more	76.41(n)		AY319522.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	sst1²	somatostatin 1	78.62(n)		326018 AF435965.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for SST (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for SST (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 3 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs60484749^1,2		--	187386326(+)	`CATATA/GTTATG`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs35293276^1,2	C,F,	--	187386505(-)	`TAATTT/GCACAT`	1	--	ds500¹		6		NA EU CSAM EA WA	498
rs9822131^1,2	C,F,H,	--	187386570(+)	`ATTGCC/TACCGA`	1	--	ds500¹		9		EA NS NA EU CSAM WA	796
rs34026617^1,2	C,F,	--	187386573(-)	`TTCTCG/TGTGGC`	1	--	ds500¹		6		NA EU CSAM EA	500
rs187195801^1,2		--	187386632(+)	`TACTGA/GAACCG`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs4988514^1,2	C,F,H,	--	187386831(+)	`TGATAT/CGGACA`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		29		NA EU CSAM EA NS WA	3473
rs201328656^1,2		--	187386958(+)	`AGCCTC/TATTTC`	2	I M	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs35517186^1,2	C,F	--	187386972(-)	`CTGCTG/AAGCAG`	2	/K /E	mis¹		1		NA	4552
rs200885816^1,2		--	187386984(+)	`CTGGGA/GCAGAT`	2	P S	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs149673471^1,2	C,	--	187387016(+)	`TCTCCG/ATCTGG`	2	/T /M	mis¹		1		NA	4552

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for SST (187386694 - 187388201 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for SST: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): SST

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing SST

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for SST

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

SST for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 182450    OMIM disorders: --

20/287 diseases for SST (see all 287):    About MalaCards

blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome zollinger-ellison syndrome intestinal pseudo-obstruction skull base meningioma

growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma von hippel-lindau disease pancreatitis gastric antral vascular ectasia

prolactin producing pituitary tumor erdheim-chester disease persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy spinal cord injury

chylothorax, congenital somatostatin analog, resistance to obsessive-compulsive disorder beckwith-wiedemann syndrome

langerhans-cell histiocytosis islet cell tumor subependymal giant cell astrocytoma thyroiditis

20/31 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for SST (see all 31):

Acromegaly Neuroendocrine tumor Adenoma Diarrhea

Pituitary adenoma Pancreatic cancer Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia

Esophageal varix Diabetes mellitus Pancreatitis Peptic ulcer

Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia Varicose veins Cushing's syndrome Hyperinsulinism

Thyroid cancer Carcinoma Intestinal disease Cholelithiasis

10/97 Novoseek disease relationships for SST gene (see all 97) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
acromegaly	93.4	388	16776333 (5), 11888834 (4), 17311857 (4), 18031313 (4) (see all 99)
neuroendocrine tumors	90.7	177	9408151 (4), 9002775 (3), 1359688 (3), 15151956 (3) (see all 99)
carcinoid	88.7	209	9002775 (3), 7574789 (3), 18049175 (3), 9622077 (3) (see all 99)
pituitary adenoma	85.2	129	12807513 (5), 15281350 (4), 10526255 (3), 16216913 (3) (see all 92)
somatostatinoma	84.9	28	9189135 (2), 16105971 (2), 1686137 (1), 1969977 (1) (see all 23)
serotonin syndrome	81.6	52	14699693 (3), 1377097 (2), 8977344 (2), 8625251 (2) (see all 46)
pituitary tumors	81.5	57	16452215 (3), 20068168 (3), 18243520 (2), 1362150 (2) (see all 44)
vipoma	81.4	13	8197564 (2), 2177234 (1), 1685674 (1), 15646540 (1) (see all 12)
gastrinoma	81.2	20	9239629 (3), 14564638 (1), 2303679 (1), 1357826 (1) (see all 17)
glucagonoma	80.4	14	8813473 (1), 1679271 (1), 12472080 (1), 14718149 (1) (see all 14)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): SST
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: SST (30 documents)

Export disorders for SST gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for SST gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 3581):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with SST)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Sequence of the human somatostatin I gene. (PubMed id 6142531)^{1, 2, 3} Shen L.-P. and Rutter W.J. (1984)
Human somatostatin I: sequence of the cDNA. (PubMed id 6126875)^{1, 2, 3} Shen L.-P.... Rutter W.J. (1982)
Genetic variation in the growth hormone synthesis pathway in relation to circulating insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and breast cancer risk: results from the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study. (PubMed id 16214911)^{1, 4} Canzian F....Kaaks R. (2005)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Somatostatin molecular variants in the vitreous fluid: a comparative study between diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and nondiabetic control subjects. (PubMed id 16043736)^{1, 9} Hernandez C....Simo R. (2005)
Lower somatostatin expression is an early event in diabetic retinopathy and is associated with retinal neurodegeneration. (PubMed id 17704349)^{1, 9} Carrasco E....Simo R. (2007)
Somatostatin is a selective chemoattractant for primitive (CD34(+)) hematopoietic progenitor cells. (PubMed id 11823046)^{1, 9} Oomen S.P....Touw I.P. (2002)
The Effect of Transforming Growth Factor {beta} on Human Neuroendocrine Tumor BON Cell Proliferation and Differentiation Is Mediated through Somatostatin Signaling. (PubMed id 18567806)^{1, 9} Leu F.P....Niu C. (2008)
Neuropilin-1 and VEGF correlate with somatostatin expression and microvessel density in ovarian tumours. (PubMed id 16211223)^{1, 9} Hall G.H....Atkin S.L. (2005)
Correlation between expression of gastrin, somatostatin and cell apoptosis regulation gene bcl-2/bax in large intestine carcinoma. (PubMed id 15655830)^{1, 9} Mao J.D....Xu G.Q. (2005)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 6750	HGNC: 11329	AceView: SST	Ensembl:ENSG00000157005	euGenes: HUgn6750
ECgene: SST	Kegg: 6750	H-InvDB: SST

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for SST	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatostatin

Intellectual Property for SST gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for SST gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving SST

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

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Carcinoma Islet Cell
stable disease
Steatorrhea
Fistula
Serotonin syndrome
Hyperinsulinemia
Pituitary Tumors
GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING
Gastrinoma
Somatostatinoma
insulin sensitivity
Hyperthyroidism
primary tumor
Nesidioblastosis
Adenocarcinoma
Hypoglycemia
THYROID CARCINOMA MEDULLARY
Apudoma
ERYTHEMA MIGRATORY NECROLYTIC
Diabetes Mellitus Insulin-Dependent
Hypochlorhydria
growth hormone secreting adenoma
variceal hemorrhage
Pancreatitis
Cholelithiasis
Esophageal Varices
acute pancreatitis
endocrine neoplasm
PANCREAS EXOCRINE
hyperglucagonemia
Vipoma
Insulinoma
ACTH Syndrome Ectopic
Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction
Hyperglycemia
Duodenal tumor
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
BRONCHIAL CARCINOID TUMOR
Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Tumors
Metastasis
Pheochromocytoma
pituitary adenoma nonfunctioning
Islet Cell Tumor
Hyperinsulinism
Cushing Syndrome
progressive disease
Cirrhosis
Gastritis Atrophic
ULCER BLEEDING PEPTIC
Pituitary Diseases
nonfunctioning pituitary tumor
Hyperplasia
Hyperprolactinemia
PITUITARY ADENOMA
Prolactinoma
Gastric Varices
Pancreatic Fistula
Acromegaly
Diabetes Mellitus
Gigantism
GASTROINTESTINAL TUMOR
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
WDHA syndrome
metastatic pheochromocytoma
Short Bowel Syndrome
Carcinoid
Glucagonoma
Pancreatic Cancer
hypercortisolism
Paraganglioma
chronic pancreatitis
Ascites Chylous
small cell lung cancer
Bleeding esophageal varices
Neuroendocrine Tumors
Meningioma
Hypertension Portal
Intestinal Fistula
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Pancreatic tumor
Insulin Resistance
Adenoma
Adenoma Islet Cell
Bleeding
Carcinoma Medullary
CHYLOTHORAX, CONGENITAL
Dumping Syndrome
GIGANTISM PITUITARY
PANCREATIC CARCINOMA
liver metastases
Carcinoma Neuroendocrine
Carcinoma Merkel Cell
Duodenal Ulcer
Nelson Syndrome
bone metastases
UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING

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SST Gene

somatostatin

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