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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

SPHK2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 65
GCID: GC19P049122

sphingosine kinase 2
 Explore 18 diseases affiliated with
SPHK2 via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for SPHK2    

Aliases
for SPHK2 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Sphingosine Kinase 21 2     SPK-22
SK 22 3     Sphingosine Kinase Type 22
SPK 22 3     EC 2.7.1.913
SK-22     

External Ids:    HGNC: 188591   Entrez Gene: 568482   Ensembl: ENSG000000631767   OMIM: 6070925   UniProtKB: Q9NRA03   

Export aliases for SPHK2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC19P049767 GC19P049490 GC19P053798 GC19P053814 GC19P045501


Summaries
for SPHK2 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for SPHK2:
This gene encodes one of two sphingosine kinase isozymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine into
sphingosine 1-phosphate. Sphingosine 1-phosphate mediates many cellular processes including migration, proliferation
and apoptosis, and also plays a role in several types of cancer by promoting angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. The
encoded protein may play a role in breast cancer proliferation and chemoresistance. Alternatively spliced transcript
variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SPHK2_HUMAN, Q9NRA0
Function: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine 1-phosphate (SPP), a lipid mediator with
both intra- and extracellular functions. Also acts on D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine, D-erythro-sphingosine and
L-threo-dihydrosphingosine. Binds phosphoinositides

summary for SPHK2:
Sphingosine kinase (SphK) mediates the conversion of sphingosine to sphingosine-1-phosphate, a key
sphingolipid signaling molecule involved in cell growth, survival, differentiation and motility. SphK
constitutes an important checkpoint in the regulation of circulating levels of ceramide, sphingosine and
sphingosine-1-phosphate. Two mammalian isoforms have been cloned - SPHK1 and SPHK2. Sphingosine kinase is
activated in response to pro-growth signals via GPCRs (e.g. acetylcholine muscarinic receptors), small
GTPases and tyrosine kinase receptors (e.g. VEGFR and PDGFR). Once activated, sphingosine kinase
translocates to the plasma membrane, a process aided by TNF? and PMA.

Gene Wiki entry for SPHK2


Genomic Views
for SPHK2 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000019.9  NC_018930.1  NT_011109.16  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the SPHK2 gene promoter:
         Elk-1   USF1   p53   CREB   deltaCREB   USF-1   ZIC2/Zic2   NF-Y   CBF(2)   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): SPHK2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for SPHK2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat SPHK2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 19q13.2   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  19q13.33   HGNC cytogenetic band: 19q13.2

SPHK2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
SPHK2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 19         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC19P049122:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 49,122,548 bp from pter      End:
 49,133,973 bp from pter
Size:
 11,426 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for SPHK2 gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SPHK2_HUMAN, Q9NRA0 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Sphingosine kinase 2  
Size: 654 amino acids; 69217 Da
Cofactor: Magnesium (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Isoform 1: Cytoplasm. Membrane
Subcellular location: Isoform 2: Lysosome membrane
Secondary accessions: Q9BRN1 Q9H0Q2 Q9NWU7
Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms:  Q9NRA0-1   Q9NRA0-2   Q9NRA0-3   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for SPHK2: NX_Q9NRA0

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q9NRA0

    • SPHK2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (5 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001191087.1  NP_001191088.1  NP_001191089.1  NP_001230805.1  NP_064511.2  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000245222   ENSP00000410044   ENSP00000413369   ENSP00000341091  
    Reactome Protein details: Q9NRA0
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
    Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for SPHK2 (Sphingosine Kinase 2/SPHK2)
    Enzo Life Sciences proteins for SPHK2
    Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells
    Browse OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysates
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for SPHK2 
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for SPHK2
    Novus Biologicals SPHK2 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals SPHK2 Lysate
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for SPHK2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005624membrane fraction ----
    GO:0005765lysosomal membrane IEA--
    GO:0005829cytosol TAS--
    GO:0016020membrane IDA10751414


    SPHK2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    SPHK2 Antibody Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals SPHK2 Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for SPHK2 
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    ThermoFisher Antibodies for SPHK2

    Assay Products for SPHK2: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
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    GenScript Custom Assay Services for SPHK2
    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for SPHK2

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for SPHK2 gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    SPHK2 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    1 InterPro domain/family:
     IPR001206 Diacylglycerol_kinase_cat_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9NRA0

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9NRA0

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SPHK2_HUMAN, Q9NRA0
    Similarity: Contains 1 DAGKc domain


    Function
    for SPHK2 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SPHK2_HUMAN, Q9NRA0
    Function: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine 1-phosphate (SPP), a lipid mediator with
    both intra- and extracellular functions. Also acts on D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine, D-erythro-sphingosine and
    L-threo-dihydrosphingosine. Binds phosphoinositides
    Catalytic activity: ATP + sphinganine = ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
    Catalytic activity: ATP + sphingosine = ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
    Enzyme regulation: Inhibited by sulfatide
    Biophysicochemical properties: Kinetic parameters: KM=3.4 uM for sphingosine; pH dependence: Optimum pH is 7.5;

    Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 2.7.1.911

    miRNA
    Products:            		 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: SPHK2
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat SPHK2
    8/34 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate SPHK2 (see all 34):
    hsa-miR-25 hsa-miR-301a hsa-miR-650 hsa-miR-92b hsa-miR-130b hsa-miR-3612 hsa-miR-301b hsa-miR-4324
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: SPHK2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for SPHK2 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: SPHK2
    OriGene siRNA: SPHK2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat SPHK2

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for SPHK2

    Clone
    Products:             		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for SPHK2 (see all 4)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for SPHK2 (see all 2)
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 4): SPHK2 (NM_001204158)
    Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for SPHK2
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat SPHK2 

    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for SPHK2

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for SPHK2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004143diacylglycerol kinase activity IEA--
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI11777919
    GO:0005524ATP binding IEA--
    GO:0008481sphinganine kinase activity NAS10751414
    GO:0017016Ras GTPase binding NAS12391145


    SPHK2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    5 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for SPHK2:
     Decreased 12E8 tau but not tot  Decreased homologous recombina  Increased S DNA content  Increased cell death HMECs cel 
     Increased telomerase activity 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for SPHK2: Sphk2tm1Npa Sphk2tm1.1Cgh Sphk2tm1.1Stlp
         11 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 6 alleles) (MGI details for Sphk2):
     cardiovascular system  cellular  embryogenesis  hematopoietic system  homeostasis/metabolism 
     immune system  mortality/aging  muscle  nervous system  no phenotypic analysis 
     normal 

    SPHK2 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for SPHK2 gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/12 super-pathways (see all 12) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Sphingolipid metabolism
    		Sphingolipid metabolism1.00
    		Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis0.46
    		Sphingolipid metabolism0.54
    2Metabolism
    		Metabolism1.00
    		Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins0.34
    		Metabolic pathways0.38
    3sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolism
    		sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolism1.00
    4TNF-Induced Apoptosis Implicating Sphingolipids
    		TNF-Induced Apoptosis Implicating Sphingolipids1.00
    5Signal Transduction of S1P Receptor
    		Signal Transduction of S1P Receptor1.00

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    1 Downloadable PowerPoint Slide of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for SPHK2
        TNF-Induced Apoptosis Implicating Sphingolipids

    5 BioSystems Pathways for SPHK2 
        Signal Transduction of S1P Receptor
    sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolism
    IL12-mediated signaling events
    Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) pathway
    Ceramide signaling pathway

    4        Reactome Pathways for SPHK2
        Sphingolipid metabolism
    Metabolism
    Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins
    Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis


    5/6         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for SPHK2) (see all 6):
        Sphingolipid metabolism
    Metabolic pathways
    Calcium signaling pathway
    VEGF signaling pathway
    Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis


    SPHK2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for SPHK2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/77 Interacting proteins for SPHK2 (Q9NRA03 ENSP000002452224) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 77)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    HIST1H3AP684313, ENSP000003502754I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000350275
    HIST1H3BP684313I2D: score=1 
    HIST1H3CP684313I2D: score=1 
    HIST1H3DP684313I2D: score=1 
    HIST1H3EP684313I2D: score=1 
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/12 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 12):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001568blood vessel development IEA--
    GO:0006644phospholipid metabolic process TAS--
    GO:0006665sphingolipid metabolic process TAS--
    GO:0006669sphinganine-1-phosphate biosynthetic process NAS10751414
    GO:0006670sphingosine metabolic process IEA--


    SPHK2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for SPHK2 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    SPHK2 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    EMD Millipore small molecules for SPHK2:
    Small Molecule - inhibitor
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Compounds for SPHK2 available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    SKI IISelective non-lipid inhibitor of sphingosine kinase; antitumor[312636-16-1]
    SK1-ISphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) inhibitor; antiproliferative[1072443-89-0]

    7 HMDB Compounds for SPHK2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    ADPadenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)58-64-0--
    Adenosine triphosphate5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)56-65-5--
    MagnesiumMagnesium (see all 2)7439-95-4--
    Sphinganine2-amino-D-erythro-1,3-Octadecanediol (see all 13)764-22-7--
    Sphinganine 1-phosphate2-amino-3-hydroxyoctadecyl dihydrogen phosphate (see all 5)19794-97-9--
    Sphingosine(-)-D-erythro-Sphingosine (see all 7)123-78-4--
    Sphingosine 1-phosphate(2S,3R,4E)-1-(dihydrogen phosphate)2-amino-4-Octadecene-1,3-diol (see all 4)26993-30-6--
    2 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for SPHK2 gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    sphingosine 94.2 58 13129923 (2), 15951439 (2), 19618460 (2), 17311928 (2) (see all 39)
    ceramide 72 7 16118219 (3), 19765607 (1), 19842132 (1), 19240026 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about SPHK2 

    Transcripts
    for SPHK2 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for SPHK2 gene (5 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001204158.2  NM_001204159.2  NM_001204160.2  NM_001243876.1  NM_020126.4  

    Unigene Cluster for SPHK2:

    Sphingosine kinase 2
    Hs.528006  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: EF107108
    4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000245222(uc002pjr.3 uc010xzt.2 uc002pjt.3 uc002pjs.3 uc002pjv.3)
    ENST00000426514 ENST00000443164(uc002pju.3 uc002pjw.3) ENST00000340932(uc010xzu.1)


    miRNA
    Products:             		 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: SPHK2
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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat SPHK2
    8/34 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate SPHK2 (see all 34):
    hsa-miR-25 hsa-miR-301a hsa-miR-650 hsa-miR-92b hsa-miR-130b hsa-miR-3612 hsa-miR-301b hsa-miR-4324
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: SPHK2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for SPHK2 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: SPHK2
    OriGene siRNA: SPHK2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat SPHK2
    Clone
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    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 4): SPHK2 (NM_001204158)
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat SPHK2 
    Primer
    Products:            		 OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for SPHK2
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat SPHK2
      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat SPHK2
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat SPHK2

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AF245447.1 AK000599.1 AK122735.1 AK297787.1 AK300541.1 AL136701.1 BC006161.1 BC010671.1 
    D28468.1 EF107108.1 

    24/27 DOTS entries (see all 27):

    DT.91790903  DT.115995  DT.100785328  DT.97822422  DT.95162273  DT.100770536  DT.91777742  DT.100730344 
    DT.121411886  DT.99961873  DT.100766101  DT.121412109  DT.92429390  DT.100780605  DT.121412172  DT.95162274 
    DT.40253235  DT.121411863  DT.121411861  DT.121412180  DT.100766487  DT.100785329  DT.121411865  DT.121412052 

    11 AceView cDNA sequences:

    BC010671 AL136701 BC006161 CR614720 AK122735 NM_020126 AK000599 AB100373 
    AF245447 AK074601 CO246179 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/20 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for SPHK2 (see all 20)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2a · 2b · 2c · 2d · 2e ^ 3a · 3b ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b · 5c ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b · 7c ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10a · 10b · 10c ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13a · 13b · 13c ^
    SP1:                                      -     -     -                 -     -     -     -     -     -                 -     -                 -               
    SP2:                                      -     -     -                 -     -     -     -     -     -                                         -               
    SP3:                                                                                                                                            -               
    SP4:        -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -                 -     -     -     -     -     -                                         -               
    SP5:                                      -     -     -                 -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -               

    ExUns: 14 ^ 15a · 15b · 15c · 15d ^ 16a · 16b ^ 17a · 17b ^ 18
    SP1:                          -                                 
    SP2:                          -                                 
    SP3:                          -                                 
    SP4:                                                            
    SP5:                          -                                 


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for SPHK2

    Expression
    for SPHK2 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    SPHK2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: CGCGTCCTCC

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    SPHK2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    3 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    Extraembryonic MesodermExtraembryonic MesodermExtraembryonic Mural CellsExtraembryonic Tissues
    Lateral Plate MesodermEmbryonic Blood IslandsAngioblastsEndothelium
    Lateral Plate MesodermSplanchnic MesodermMural CellsPericytes, Smooth Muscle
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See SPHK2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for SPHK2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.528006
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including SPHK2: 
              Hypertension in human mouse rat
              VEGF Signaling in human mouse rat
              Apoptosis in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
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    Orthologs
    for SPHK2 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

    Orthologs for SPHK2 gene from 7/21 species (see all 21)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Sphk21 , 5 sphingosine kinase 21, 5 80.96(n)1
    83.96(a)1    		   7 (29.45 cM)5
    566321  NM_001172561.11  NP_001166032.11 
     457094675 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia SPHK26
    		 --
    		 52(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 GL343279.1(921442-941183)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii Dr.129672 Transcribed sequence with weak similarity to protein more 75.96(n)    57097328 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta Sk13
    Sk21    		 phosphorylation diacylglycerol kinase3
    Sphingosine kinase 21    		 37(a)3
    48.45(n)1
    38.18(a)1    		   10B133
    3262191  NM_139505.31  NP_647762.31 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea sphk-16
    		 SPHingosine Kinase family member (sphk-1)
    		 22(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 II(8698996-8701618)
    thale cress
    (Arabidopsis thaliana)    		 eudicotyledons SPHK16
    AT4G215346
    		 Diacylglycerol kinase family protein
    		 26(a)
    26(a)
    		 many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    		 4(11459553-11462606)
    4(11456230-11458820)
    rice
    (Oryza sativa)    		 Liliopsida --
    --
    		 diacylglycerol kinase, putative, expressed
    		 30(a)
    25(a)
    		 many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    		 7(22512100-22517763)
    1(33136861-33151549)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for SPHK2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for SPHK2 (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for SPHK2 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for SPHK2 gene
    CERKL2  SPHK12  CERK2  AGK2  
    1 SIMAP similar gene for SPHK2 using alignment to 9 protein entries:     SPHK2_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    SPHK-2

    SPHK2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for SPHK2 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/181 NCBI SNPs in SPHK2 are shown (see all 181)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 19 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1496386841,2
    		--49124811(+) TCCAGG/TCAGGT 4 -- int10--------
    rs1911189521,2
    		--49124869(+) GGATAC/TTTATT 4 -- int10--------
    rs1113432571,2
    		--49124965(+) ATTTCG/ATGGGG 4 -- int12Minor allele frequency- A:0.05CSA WA 120
    rs1833355861,2
    		--49124988(+) TGTGCA/GGGGGG 4 -- int10--------
    rs48024961,2
    		C,--49124991(+) GCAGGG/CGGAAG 4 -- int15Minor allele frequency- C:0.09NA WA EA 362
    rs1858477181,2
    		--49125029(+) AGTTAC/TTCAAT 4 -- int10--------
    rs784717231,2
    		C,--49125065(+) ACTTTT/ACAAGG 4 -- int11Minor allele frequency- A:0.50WA 2
    rs1897188281,2
    		--49125104(+) CCTGTC/TTAGTG 4 -- int10--------
    rs1487584041,2
    		--49125205(+) AGGCAA/GTTAAT 4 -- int10--------
    rs1830922881,2
    		--49125234(+) CGGGCC/GGGGCG 4 -- int10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for SPHK2 (49122548 - 49133973 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 2 variations for SPHK2
         1 CNV: 32261
         1 Indel: 40287

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    Disorders / Diseases
    for SPHK2 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    SPHK2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 607092    OMIM disorders: --

    18 diseases for SPHK2:    About MalaCards
    breast cancer    non-hodgkin lymphoma    hodgkin's lymphoma    lymphopenia
    retinal degeneration    rheumatoid arthritis    multiple sclerosis    keloids
    hepatitis b    retinitis    colon cancer    arthritis
    gastric cancer    lung cancer    hepatitis    hypoxia
    tuberculosis    leukemia

    1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for SPHK2:
    Lymphopenia

    1 Novoseek disease relationship for SPHK2 gene    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    breast cancer 19.1 4 15951439 (1), 17311928 (1), 20110355 (1)

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: SPHK2 (1 document)

    Export disorders for SPHK2 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for SPHK2 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for SPHK2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 69):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with SPHK2)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a novel mammalian sphingosine kinase type 2 isoform. (PubMed id 10751414)1, 2, 3, 9 Liu H.... Spiegel S. (2000)
    2. A lipid binding domain in sphingosine kinase 2. (PubMed id 19168031)1, 2, 9 Don A.S. and Rosen H. (2009)
    3. Recycling of sphingosine is regulated by the concerte d actions of sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphohydrolase 1 and sphingosine kinase 2. (PubMed id 17895250)1, 3 Le Stunff H....Spiegel S. (2007)
    4. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
    5. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    6. Towards a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs. (PubMed id 11230166)1, 2 Wiemann S.... Poustka A. (2001)
    7. Role of sphingosine kinase 2 in cell migration toward epidermal growth factor. (PubMed id 15951439)1, 9 Hait N.C....Spiegel S. (2005)
    8. Expression of sphingosine kinase 2 in synovial fibrob lasts of rheumatoid arthritis contributing to apoptosis by a sphingosine analog ue, FTY720. (PubMed id 19490468)1, 9 Kamada K....Nose M. (2009)
    9. Protein kinase D-mediated phosphorylation and nuclear export of sphingosine kinase 2. (PubMed id 17635916)1, 9 Ding G....Nakamura S. (2007)
    10. Sphingosine kinase type 2 activation by ERK-mediated phosphorylation. (PubMed id 17311928)1, 9 Hait N.C....Spiegel S. (2007)

    External Searches for SPHK2 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing SPHK2 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 56848 HGNC: 18859 AceView: SPHK2 Ensembl:ENSG00000063176 euGenes: HUgn56848
    ECgene: SPHK2 Kegg: 56848 H-InvDB: SPHK2

    Other Databases showing SPHK2 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing SPHK2 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for SPHK2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for SPHK2 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for SPHK2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving SPHK2

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    Products
    for SPHK2 gene

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