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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

SMAD2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 71
GCID: GC18M045357

SMAD family member 2

(Previous names: MAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Drosophila),...)
(Previous symbol: MADH2)
 Explore 86 diseases affiliated with
SMAD2 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for SMAD2
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
SMAD Family Member 21 2 3     SMAD, Mothers Against DPP Homolog 2 (Drosophila)1
MADH21 2 3 5     Mother Against DPP Homolog 22
JV18-11 2 3     Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 22
MADR21 2 3     Sma- And Mad-Related Protein 22
HMAD-21     SMAD, Mothers Against DPP Homolog 22
HSMAD21     Smad23
MAD Homolog 22 3     Mad-Related Protein 23
JV182 5     Mothers Against DPP Homolog 23
MAD, Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 2 (Drosophila)1     SMAD 23

External Ids:    HGNC: 67681   Entrez Gene: 40872   Ensembl: ENSG000001753877   OMIM: 6013665   UniProtKB: Q157963   

Export aliases for SMAD2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC18M043620 GC18M043621 GC18M042208


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for SMAD2:
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the
Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. SMAD proteins are signal
transducers and transcriptional modulators that mediate multiple signaling pathways. This protein mediates the signal
of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and thus regulates multiple cellular processes, such as cell
proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its
interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this protein
is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptors. The phosphorylation induces the dissociation of this protein with SARA
and the association with the family member SMAD4. The association with SMAD4 is important for the translocation of
this protein into the nucleus, where it binds to target promoters and forms a transcription repressor complex with
other cofactors. This protein can also be phosphorylated by activin type 1 receptor kinase, and mediates the signal
from the activin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, May
2012)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMAD2_HUMAN, Q15796
Function: Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator
activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the
promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates
transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by
stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator

Gene Wiki entry for SMAD2 (Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2)


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000018.9  NC_018929.1  NT_010966.14  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the SMAD2 gene promoter:
         CREB   deltaCREB   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidSMAD2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for SMAD2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat SMAD2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 18q21.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  18q21.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 18q21

SMAD2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
SMAD2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 18         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC18M045357:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
45,357,922 bp from pter      End:
45,457,515 bp from pter
Size:
99,594 bases      Orientation:
minus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMAD2_HUMAN, Q15796 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2  
Size: 467 amino acids; 52306 Da
Subunit: Momomer; the absence of TGF-beta. Heterodimer; in the presence of TGF-beta. Forms a heterodimer with co-SMAD,
SMAD4, in the nucleus to form the transactivation complex SMAD2/SMAD4. Interacts with AIP1, HGS, PML and WWP1 (By
similarity). Interacts with NEDD4L in response to TGF-beta (By similarity). Found in a complex with SMAD3 and TRIM33
upon addition of TGF-beta. Interacts with ACVR1B, SMAD3 and TRIM33. Interacts (via the MH2 domain) with ZFYVE9; may
form trimers with the SMAD4 co-SMAD. Interacts with FOXH1, homeobox protein TGIF, PEBP2-alpha subunit, CREB-binding
protein (CBP), EP300, SKI and SNW1. Interacts with SNON; when phosphorylated at Ser-465/467. Interacts with SKOR1 and
SKOR2. Interacts with PRDM16. Interacts (via MH2 domain) with LEMD3. Interacts with RBPMS. Interacts with WWP1.
Interacts (dephosphorylated form, via the MH1 and MH2 domains) with RANBP3 (via its C-terminal R domain); the
interaction results in the export of dephosphorylated SMAD3 out of the nucleus and termination ot the TGF-beta
signaling. Interacts with PDPK1 (via PH domain). Interacts with DAB2; the interactions are enhanced upon TGF-beta
stimulation. Interacts with USP15
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Cytoplasmic and nuclear in the absence of TGF-beta. On TGF-beta
stimulation, migrates to the nucleus when complexed with SMAD4. On dephosphorylation by phosphatase PPM1A, released
from the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, and exported out of the nucleus by interaction with RANBP1
4 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for SMAD2:
1DEV (3D)        1KHX (3D)        1U7V (3D)        2LB3 (3D)    
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  Q15796-1   Q15796-2   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for SMAD2: NX_Q15796

Post-translational modifications:

  • Phosphorylated on one or several of Thr-220, Ser-245, Ser-250, and Ser-255. In response to TGF-beta, phosphorylated on
  • Ser-465/467 by TGF-beta and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Able to interact with SMURF2 when phosphorylated on
    Ser-465/467, recruiting other proteins, such as SNON, for degradation. In response to decorin, the naturally occurring
    inhibitor of TGF-beta signaling, phosphorylated on Ser-240 by CaMK2. Phosphorylated by MAPK3 upon EGF stimulation;
    which increases transcriptional activity and stability, and is blocked by calmodulin. Phosphorylated by PDPK11
  • In response to TGF-beta, ubiquitinated by NEDD4L; which promotes its degradation (By similarity). Monoubiquitinated,
  • leading to prevent DNA-binding. Deubiquitination by USP15 alleviates inhibition and promotes activation of TGF-beta
    target genes1
  • Acetylated on Lys-19 by coactivators in response to TGF-beta signaling, which increases transcriptional activity.
  • Isoform short: Acetylation increases DNA binding activity in vitro and enhances its association with target promoters
    in vivo. Acetylation in the nucleus by EP300 is enhanced by TGF-beta1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q15796

  • SMAD2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001003652.1  NP_001129409.1  NP_005892.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000262160   ENSP00000384449   ENSP00000466193   ENSP00000467075   ENSP00000466254  
     ENSP00000465355   ENSP00000468202   ENSP00000465971   ENSP00000468732   ENSP00000349282  
    Reactome Protein details: Q15796
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals SMAD2 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals SMAD2 Lysates
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    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for SMAD2
    Uscn Proteins for SMAD2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005622intracellular ----
    GO:0005634nucleus IDA9389648
    GO:0005654nucleoplasm TAS--
    GO:0005667transcription factor complex IDA17438144
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IDA9389648


    SMAD2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    SMAD2 Antibody Products: 
    EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of SMAD2
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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    SMAD2 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/6 InterPro domains/families (see all 6):
     IPR013019 MAD_homology_MH1
     IPR008984 SMAD_FHA_domain
     IPR001132 SMAD_dom_Dwarfin-type
     IPR017855 SMAD_dom-like
     IPR013790 Dwarfin

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q15796

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q15796

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB001132 Dwarfin protein

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMAD2_HUMAN, Q15796
    Similarity: Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family
    Similarity: Contains 1 MH1 (MAD homology 1) domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 MH2 (MAD homology 2) domain


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMAD2_HUMAN, Q15796
    Function: Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator
    activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the
    promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates
    transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by
    stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator

    miRNA
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    miRTarBase miRNAs that target SMAD2:
    hsa-mir-155 (MIRT005872)

    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 3): SMAD2
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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat SMAD2
    8/180 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate SMAD2 (see all 180):
    hsa-miR-128 hsa-miR-4305 hsa-miR-4275 hsa-miR-149 hsa-miR-1243 hsa-miR-200b hsa-miR-509-3-5p hsa-miR-520b
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    Clone
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/17 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 17):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0003677contributes to DNA binding IDA9389648
    GO:0003682chromatin binding IEA--
    GO:0003690double-stranded DNA binding ISS--
    GO:0003700contributes to sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity IDA17438144
    GO:0005160transforming growth factor beta receptor binding IPI9311995


    SMAD2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for SMAD2:
     Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory  Increased mitotic index  Upregulation of Wnt/beta-caten 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for SMAD2: Smad2tm2.1Rob Smad2tm1Cxd Smad2tm1.2Epb Smad2tm1Enl Smad2tm3Rob Smad2tm1.2Mwst
                                                   Smad2tm1Kato Smad2tm1.3Mwst Smad2tm1Rob Smad2tm1Rak Smad2tm1.3Epb
         15/22 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 21 alleles(MGI details for Smad2) (see all 22):
     behavior/neurological  cardiovascular system  cellular  craniofacial  digestive/alimentary 
     embryogenesis  endocrine/exocrine gland  growth/size  hematopoietic system  homeostasis/metabolism 
     immune system  integument  liver/biliary system  mortality/aging  nervous system 

    SMAD2 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/37 super-pathways (see all 37About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Transcriptional activity of SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer
    Transcriptional activity of SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer1.00
    Signaling by TGF-beta Receptor Complex0.61
    SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer regulates transcription0.63
    Downregulation of SMAD2/3:SMAD4 transcriptional activity0.56
    2Development_TGF-beta receptor signaling
    Development_TGF-beta receptor signaling1.00
    Development TGF-beta receptor signaling0.96
    3Generic Transcription Pathway
    Generic Transcription Pathway1.00
    Gene Expression0.46
    4TGF-beta receptor signaling activates SMADs
    TGF-beta receptor signaling activates SMADs1.00
    Downregulation of TGF-beta receptor signaling0.90
    5Signaling by NODAL
    Signaling by NODAL1.00
    Signaling by Activin0.36

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    4 EMD Millipore Pathways for SMAD2
        Development Role of Activin A in cell differentiation and proliferation
    Cell cycle Regulation of G1/S transition (part 1)
    Signal transduction Activin A signaling regulation
    Development TGF-beta receptor signaling

    2 R&D Systems Pathways for SMAD2
        Th17 Differentiation
    TGF-beta Signaling Pathways


    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for SMAD2
        TGF-beta/Smad Signaling

    5 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for SMAD2
        Signal transduction Activin A signaling regulation
    Cell cycle Regulation of G1/S transition (part 1)
    Development Role of Activin A in cell differentiation and proliferation
    Cytokine production by Th17 cells in CF (Mouse model)
    Development TGF-beta receptor signaling

    5/13 BioSystems Pathways for SMAD2 (see all 13
        TGF Beta Signaling Pathway
    Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway
    AGE/RAGE pathway
    EGFR1 Signaling Pathway
    Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway

    5/15        Reactome Pathways for SMAD2 (see all 15)
        Developmental Biology
    TGF-beta receptor signaling activates SMADs
    Generic Transcription Pathway
    Transcriptional activity of SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer
    Degradation of SMAD2/3:SMAD4 complex


    5/9         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for SMAD2) (see all 9):
        Cell cycle
    Endocytosis
    Wnt signaling pathway
    TGF-beta signaling pathway
    Adherens junction


    SMAD2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for SMAD2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/450 Interacting proteins for SMAD2 (Q157961, 2, 3 ENSP000002621604) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 450)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    CSH2P012432, 3, ENSP000003766234MINT-60918 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000376623
    OLIG1Q8TAK62, 3, ENSP000003310664MINT-7295493 MINT-7295480 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000331066
    SMAD3P840221, 3, ENSP000003329734EBI-1040141,EBI-1965323 I2D: score=7 STRING: ENSP00000332973
    CREBBPQ927932, 3, ENSP000002623674MINT-61587 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000262367
    UBA52P629872, 3, ENSP000003881074MINT-61626 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000388107
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/46 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 46):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000122negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter TAS--
    GO:0001657ureteric bud development IEA--
    GO:0001701in utero embryonic development IEA--
    GO:0001707mesoderm formation ISS--
    GO:0006351transcription, DNA-dependent TAS--


    SMAD2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    SMAD2 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for SMAD2

    1 DrugBank Compound for SMAD2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    Phosphonoserine-- --target--10592235

    10/33 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for SMAD2 gene (see all 33)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    tgf beta1 77.4 37 16949833 (4), 11424093 (2), 16253118 (2), 17469181 (2) (see all 24)
    asiaticoside 59.2 6 15323444 (2), 18201262 (2), 16557473 (2)
    threonine 58.9 4 15210694 (1), 17270292 (1), 11106403 (1), 15702493 (1)
    sb 203580 56.3 7 17124250 (2), 18471442 (1), 18583311 (1), 19397700 (1) (see all 6)
    pd 98,059 51.9 4 17124250 (2), 10652224 (1), 15372629 (1)
    serine 51.8 15 15210694 (3), 15522964 (1), 17270292 (1), 11278410 (1) (see all 11)
    sphingosylphosphorylcholine 32.9 12 17481939 (3), 17105765 (3)
    tranilast 30.3 4 16528248 (3), 16284627 (1)
    procollagen 23 1 17051103 (1)
    leptomycin b 20.7 2 11074002 (1), 12547835 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about SMAD2 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
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    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for SMAD2 gene (3 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001003652.3  NM_001135937.2  NM_005901.5  

    Unigene Cluster for SMAD2:

    SMAD family member 2
    Hs.12253  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001003652
    12 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000262160(uc002lcy.3) ENST00000402690(uc002lcz.3) ENST00000586040
    ENST00000591214 ENST00000587353 ENST00000587269 ENST00000586514 ENST00000587421
    ENST00000586487 ENST00000589877 ENST00000585978 ENST00000356825(uc010xdc.2 uc010xdd.1)


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    hsa-miR-128 hsa-miR-4305 hsa-miR-4275 hsa-miR-149 hsa-miR-1243 hsa-miR-200b hsa-miR-509-3-5p hsa-miR-520b
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AF027964.1 AK126373.1 AK312963.1 AY134745.1 BC014840.1 BC025699.1 BT007422.1 U59911.1 
    U65019.1 U68018.1 

    16 DOTS entries:

    DT.454498  DT.97809192  DT.100816065  DT.97822192  DT.95369913  DT.121097527  DT.100022688  DT.65284280 
    DT.100816060  DT.100800384  DT.101973205  DT.121097501  DT.121097530  DT.91996304  DT.95171474  DT.100816063 

    24/247 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 247):

    BX455722 CR592338 AI399862 CB216465 NM_001003652 BU145704 CD517923 AI493274 
    AI073680 AW243896 AA406510 CB148147 BM721481 AW772431 BQ639008 AL555419 
    AA283890 BM793361 BX104905 BQ900993 AA406238 BM454449 BM479698 BM823882 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/13 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for SMAD2 (see all 13)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c · 1d ^ 2a · 2b · 2c · 2d ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6a · 6b ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10a · 10b · 10c ^ 11a · 11b · 11c ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14 ^
    SP1:                          -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -                 -     -                                         -                     
    SP2:                                            -     -     -     -     -                 -     -                                         -                     
    SP3:                          -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -                                         -                     
    SP4:                                                                                      -     -                                                               
    SP5:                                                                                      -     -                                                               

    ExUns: 15 ^ 16 ^ 17a · 17b
    SP1:                        
    SP2:                        
    SP3:                        
    SP4:                        
    SP5:                        


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for SMAD2

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    SMAD2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: ATCCAGTATC

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image

    SMAD2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    10 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    Extraembryonic MesodermExtraembryonic MesodermExtraembryonic Mural CellsExtraembryonic Tissues
    HypoblastExtraembryonic Visceral EndodermExtraembryonic Visceral Endoderm CellsExtraembryonic Tissues, Yolk Sac
    Lateral Plate MesodermSplanchnic MesodermMural CellsPericytes, Smooth Muscle
    OvaryAntral FollicleCumulus CellsOvary
    Primitive StreakAnterior Primitive StreakEndoderm Progenitor CellsEarly Embryo
    Primitive StreakPrimitive StreakPrimitive Streak CellsEarly Embryo
    BrainMedulla OblongataBrain
    BrainMidbrain tegmentumBrain
    LiverLiver BudLiver
    Neural TubeMesencephalic Roof PlateNeural Tube
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See SMAD2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for SMAD2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.12253

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SMAD2_HUMAN, Q15796
    Tissue specificity: Expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle, heart and placenta

        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including SMAD2 (see all 8): 
              Osteogenesis in human mouse rat
              Fibrosis in human mouse rat
              Stem Cell Transcription Factors in human mouse rat
              TGFB/BMP Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat
              Stem Cell Signaling in human mouse rat

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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for SMAD2 gene from 6/23 species (see all 23)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves SMAD21 SMAD family member 2 85.3(n)
    99.36(a)
      395247  NM_204561.1  NP_989892.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia SMAD26
    --
    99(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    2(1166351-1200543)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)
    Amphibia Xl.852 Xenopus laevis Mad2 mRNA, complete cds 84.96(n)    L77885.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii madh22 MAD homolog 2 (Drosophila) 79.93(n)   30639  AF229022.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)
    Insecta Smox6
    Smad on X
    61(a)
    1 → many
    X(8032424-8036301)
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)
    Secernentea daf-146
    daf-86
    abnormal DAuer Formation family member (daf-8)
    22(a)
    20(a)
    many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    IV(10250624-10255822)
    I(8584536-8587501)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for SMAD2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for SMAD2 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for SMAD2 gene
    SMAD32  SMAD12  SMAD52  SMAD62  SMAD92  SMAD42  SMAD72  
    7 SIMAP similar genes for SMAD2 using alignment to 7 protein entries:     SMAD2_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    SMAD3    DKFZp781O1323    MADH5    SMAD9    SMAD5    SMAD1
    SMAD4

    SMAD2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/1805 NCBI SNPs in SMAD2 are shown (see all 1805    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 18 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs766589321,2
    --42208576(+) GTGGTG/ATGCGC 3 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- A:0.01NA 120
    rs792649361,2
    F,--42209003(+) AATGTT/CTTCTT 3 -- ut311Minor allele frequency- C:0.03WA 118
    rs795140341,2
    C,F,--42209159(+) TCGTAC/TTTTTG 3 -- ut311Minor allele frequency- T:0.02WA 118
    rs169584951,2
    C,F,H,--42209368(+) AGTATG/AAGGCT 3 -- ut3114Minor allele frequency- A:0.02NA NS EA WA 1436
    rs169584971,2
    C,F,H,--42209402(+) CTGCAT/ACAGGA 3 -- ut3111Minor allele frequency- A:0.03NA NS EA CSA WA 676
    rs169584981,2
    C,F,H,--42209467(+) ATTCAC/TGGAAA 3 -- ut3116Minor allele frequency- T:0.04NA NS EA CSA WA 1626
    rs762352221,2
    F,--42209536(+) CCAGAG/ACATCA 3 -- ut311Minor allele frequency- A:0.03EA 120
    rs762480221,2
    C,--42209550(+) GCCATG/TTATTT 3 -- ut312Minor allele frequency- T:0.16CSA WA 120
    rs169584991,2
    C,F,H,--42209622(+) AGATTA/CAGTTT 3 -- ut3116Minor allele frequency- C:0.04NA NS EA CSA WA 1630
    rs21560211,2
    H--42209705(-) ACAGAG/CAAGAG 3 -- ut314Minor allele frequency- C:0.00NS EA 416

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for SMAD2 (45357922 - 45457515 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 2 variations for SMAD2
         1 CNV: 102655
         1 Indel: 11955
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): SMAD2

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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    SMAD2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 601366    OMIM disorders: --

    20/86 diseases for SMAD2 (see all 86):    About MalaCards
    buschke-ollendorff syndrome    sertoli cell-only syndrome    peutz-jeghers syndrome    familial adenomatous polyposis
    focal segmental glomerulosclerosis    peters anomaly    vernal keratoconjunctivitis    clear cell adenocarcinoma
    cervical intraepithelial neoplasia    nephrogenic systemic fibrosis    ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma    congenital heart defect
    squamous cell carcinoma    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis    ureteral obstruction    melorheostosis
    osteopoikilosis    idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis    glomerulosclerosis    oral squamous cell carcinoma

    4 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for SMAD2:
    Ureteral disease     Pulmonary fibrosis     Kidney disease     Carcinoma

    10/50 Novoseek disease relationships for SMAD2 gene (see all 50)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    pancreatic cancer 52.3 7 10505717 (5), 15249209 (1), 10781087 (1)
    keloid 49.7 11 17051103 (4), 17144456 (2), 15453837 (1), 15978417 (1) (see all 5)
    tumors 39.9 74 11391794 (4), 12894231 (3), 10781087 (3), 11438451 (3) (see all 45)
    cancer 38.1 29 10505717 (2), 12237237 (2), 9006934 (2), 9264367 (1) (see all 23)
    scars hypertrophic 37.3 7 11955370 (5), 18616749 (1)
    colorectal cancer 34.8 22 15711891 (2), 9635866 (2), 12967141 (2), 9264367 (1) (see all 13)
    pancreatic carcinoma 29.1 9 9892110 (2), 12140283 (1)
    adenocarcinoma clear cell 26.4 2 16820918 (1)
    gastric carcinoma 23.4 4 10073143 (2), 19351925 (1), 15067346 (1)
    sclerosis systemic 21.6 1 20430497 (1)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): SMAD2
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: SMAD2 (20 documents)

    Export disorders for SMAD2 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for SMAD2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 764):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with SMAD2)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Mad-related genes in the human. (PubMed id 8673135)1, 2, 3 Riggins G.J....Vogelstein B. (1996)
    2. MADR2 maps to 18q21 and encodes a TGFbeta-regulated MAD-related protein that is functionally mutated in colorectal carcinoma. (PubMed id 8752209)1, 2, 3 Eppert K.... Attisano L. (1996)
    3. Modulation of Smad2-mediated signaling by extracellular signal- regulated kinase. (PubMed id 12193595)1, 2, 9 Funaba M.... Mathews L.S. (2002)
    4. Potentiation of Smad-mediated transcriptional activation by the RNA- binding protein RBPMS. (PubMed id 17099224)1, 2, 9 Sun Y.... Ye Q. (2006)
    5. Alternatively spliced variant of Smad2 lacking exon 3. Comparison with wild-type Smad2 and Smad3. (PubMed id 9873005)1, 2, 9 Yagi K.... Miyazono K. (1999)
    6. SARA, a FYVE domain protein that recruits Smad2 to the TGFbeta receptor. (PubMed id 9865696)1, 2, 9 Tsukazaki T.... Wrana J.L. (1998)
    7. Characterization of the MADH2/Smad2 gene, a human Mad homolog responsible for the transforming growth factor-beta and activin signal transduction pathway. (PubMed id 9503010)1, 2, 9 Takenoshita S.... Hagiwara K. (1998)
    8. Dual role of the Smad4/DPC4 tumor suppressor in TGFbeta-inducible transcriptional complexes. (PubMed id 9389648)1, 2, 9 Liu F.... Massague J. (1997)
    9. MADR2 is a substrate of the TGFbeta receptor and its phosphorylation is required for nuclear accumulation and signaling. (PubMed id 8980228)1, 2, 9 Macias-Silva M....Wrana J.L. (1996)
    10. Nuclear export of Smad2 and Smad3 by RanBP3 facilitates termination of TGF-beta signaling. (PubMed id 19289081)1, 2, 9 Dai F....Feng X.H. (2009)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  

      Query String
    PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 4087 HGNC: 6768 AceView: SMAD2 Ensembl:ENSG00000175387 euGenes: HUgn4087
    ECgene: SMAD2 Kegg: 4087 H-InvDB: SMAD2

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for SMAD2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for SMAD2 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for SMAD2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving SMAD2

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    (Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
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