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RTN4 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 68
GCID: GC02M055199

Reticulon 4
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Aliases
for RTN4 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, 10fRNAdb, 12H-InvDB, 13NCBI, 14NONCODE, and/or 15RNAdb)
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Aliases
Reticulon 41 2     RTN4-B12
NOGO2 3 5     RTN4-B22
Neurite Outgrowth Inhibitor2 3     RTN4-C2
Neuroendocrine-Specific Protein C Homolog2 3     foocen2
NSP2 3     Human NogoA2
ASY2     My043 Protein2
NI220/2502     Neurite Growth Inhibitor 2202
NOGO-A2     Reticulon 52
NOGOC2     reticulon-42
NSP-CL2     Foocen3
Nbla002712     KIAA08863
Nbla105452     RTN-x3
Nogo-B2     Reticulon-53
Nogo-C2     Neuroendocrine-Specific Protein3
RTN-X2     Nogo Protein3
RTN4-A2     

External Ids:    HGNC: 140851   Entrez Gene: 571422   Ensembl: ENSG000001153107   OMIM: 6044755   UniProtKB: Q9NQC33   

Export aliases for RTN4 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC02M055237 GC02M055386 GC02M055173 GC02M055110 GC02M054934


Summaries
for RTN4 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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Entrez Gene summary for RTN4 Gene:
This gene belongs to the family of reticulon encoding genes. Reticulons are associated with the endoplasmic
reticulum, and are involved in neuroendocrine secretion or in membrane trafficking in neuroendocrine cells. The
product of this gene is a potent neurite outgrowth inhibitor which may also help block the regeneration of the
central nervous system in higher vertebrates. Alternatively spliced transcript variants derived both from
differential splicing and differential promoter usage and encoding different isoforms have been identified.
(provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

GeneCards Summary for RTN4 Gene:
RTN4 (reticulon 4) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with RTN4 include pathological gambling, and cerebral artery occlusion. An important paralog of this gene is RTN3.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RTN4_HUMAN, Q9NQC3
Function: Developmental neurite growth regulatory factor with a role as a negative regulator of axon-axon adhesion
and growth, and as a facilitator of neurite branching. Regulates neurite fasciculation, branching and extension
in the developing nervous system. Involved in down-regulation of growth, stabilization of wiring and restriction
of plasticity in the adult CNS. Regulates the radial migration of cortical neurons via an RTN4R-LINGO1 containing
receptor complex (By similarity). Isoform 2 reduces the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. This is
likely consecutive to their change in subcellular location, from the mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum,
after binding and sequestration. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 inhibit BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein
processing

Gene Wiki entry for RTN4 (Reticulon 4) Gene


Genomic Views
for RTN4 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

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RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000002.12  NT_022184.16  NC_018913.2  
Regulatory elements:
   Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the RTN4 gene promoter:
         POU2F1   POU2F1a   C/EBPalpha   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 10): RTN4 promoter sequence
   Search Chromatin IP Primers for RTN4

Epigenetics:
DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat RTN4


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2p16.3   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  2p16.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 2p14-p13

RTN4 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
RTN4 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 2         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC02M055199:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 55,199,325 bp from pter      End:
 55,339,757 bp from pter
Size:
 140,433 bases      Orientation:
 minus strand

Proteins
for RTN4 gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, 2neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RTN4_HUMAN, Q9NQC3 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Reticulon-4  
Size: 1192 amino acids; 129931 Da
Subunit: Binds to RTN4R. Interacts with Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. Isoform 2 binds to NGBR and RTN3. Isoform 2 and isoform
3 interact with BACE1 and BACE2. Interacts with RTN4IP1. Interacts with ATL1
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAD39920.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=1149, 1156; Sequence=AAG43160.1; Type=Erroneous
initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended; Sequence=AAG43160.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=684, 700;
Sequence=BAA74909.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;
2 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for RTN4:
2G31 (3D)        2JV5 (3D)    
Secondary accessions: O94962 Q7L7Q5 Q7L7Q6 Q7L7Q8 Q8IUA4 Q96B16 Q9BXG5 Q9H212 Q9H3I3 Q9UQ42
Q9Y293 Q9Y2Y7 Q9Y5U6
Alternative splicing: 6 isoforms:  Q9NQC3-1   Q9NQC3-2   Q9NQC3-3   Q9NQC3-4   Q9NQC3-5   Q9NQC3-6   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for RTN4: NX_Q9NQC3

Explore proteomics data for RTN4 at MOPED

Post-translational modifications: 

  • Ubiquitination2 at Lys1090, Lys1104, Lys1171
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

    • See RTN4 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED, PaxDB, and MaxQB

    REFSEQ proteins (5 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_008939.1  NP_065393.1  NP_722550.1  NP_997403.1  NP_997404.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000378107   ENSP00000384471   ENSP00000349944   ENSP00000337838   ENSP00000322147  
     ENSP00000350365   ENSP00000378109   ENSP00000385650   ENSP00000397808   ENSP00000411628  
     ENSP00000384825   ENSP00000346465  
    Reactome Protein details: Q9NQC3

    RTN4 Human Recombinant Protein Products:

    Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for RTN4 (Nogo-A)
    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    OriGene Purified Proteins for RTN4
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for RTN4
    OriGene MassSpec for RTN4
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for RTN4
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for RTN4
    Novus Biologicals RTN4 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals RTN4 Lysates
    Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for RTN4
    Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for RTN4

    RTN4 Antibody Products:

    EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of RTN4
    R&D Systems Antibodies for RTN4 (Nogo-A, Nogo-B, Nogo-C)
    OriGene Antibodies for RTN4
    OriGene Custom Antibody Services for RTN4
    Novus Biologicals RTN4 Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for RTN4
    Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for RTN4
    ThermoFisher Antibodies for RTN4
    LSBio Antibodies in human, mouse, rat for RTN4

    RTN4 Assay Products:

    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Custom Assay Services for RTN4
    Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
    GenScript Custom Assay Services for RTN4
    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Cloud-Clone Corp. ELISAs for RTN4
    Cloud-Clone Corp. CLIAs for RTN4

    Domains /
    Families
    for RTN4 gene

    (According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    TryGeneCards Plus    		 1 InterPro protein domain:
     IPR003388 Reticulon

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9NQC3

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9NQC3

    1 Blocks protein domain: IPB003388 Reticulon

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RTN4_HUMAN, Q9NQC3
    Domain: Three regions, residues 59-172, 544-725 and the loop 66 amino acids, between the two transmembrane
    domains, known as Nogo-66 loop, appear to be responsible for the inhibitory effect on neurite outgrowth and the
    spreading of neurons. This Nogo-66 loop, mediates also the binding of RTN4 to its receptor (By similarity)
    Similarity: Contains 1 reticulon domain


    RTN4 for domains           About GeneDecksing


    Function
    for RTN4 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway,
    transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

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    Molecular Function:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: RTN4_HUMAN, Q9NQC3
    Function: Developmental neurite growth regulatory factor with a role as a negative regulator of axon-axon adhesion
    and growth, and as a facilitator of neurite branching. Regulates neurite fasciculation, branching and extension
    in the developing nervous system. Involved in down-regulation of growth, stabilization of wiring and restriction
    of plasticity in the adult CNS. Regulates the radial migration of cortical neurons via an RTN4R-LINGO1 containing
    receptor complex (By similarity). Isoform 2 reduces the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. This is
    likely consecutive to their change in subcellular location, from the mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum,
    after binding and sequestration. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 inhibit BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein
    processing

         Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms:    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI11126360
    GO:0044822poly(A) RNA binding IDA--
         
    RTN4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Phenotypes:
         4 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 8 alleles) (MGI details for Rtn4):
     cellular  mortality/aging  nervous system  normal 

    RTN4 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing

    Animal Models:
         MGI mouse knock-outs for RTN4: Rtn4tm1Schw Rtn4tm2.1Matl Rtn4tm2Matl

       inGenious Targeting Laboratory: Let us create your new Knockout/Knockin mouse model for RTN4
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory: Contact us about creating complex and humanized mouse models for RTN4

       genOway customized KO model: permanent, tissue-specific or time-controlled inactivation for RTN4
       genOway customized Knockin model: humanization, point mutation, expression monitoring, etc. for RTN4

    miRNA
    Products:            		miRTarBase miRNAs that target RTN4:
    hsa-mir-320a (MIRT044751), hsa-mir-30c-5p (MIRT047850), hsa-mir-132-3p (MIRT021845), hsa-mir-21-5p (MIRT000167), hsa-mir-183-5p (MIRT024991), hsa-mir-148b-3p (MIRT019491), hsa-mir-33a-5p (MIRT028224), hsa-mir-16-5p (MIRT001421), hsa-mir-34a-5p (MIRT025475), hsa-mir-101-3p (MIRT027341)

    Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat RTN4 using miScript Target Protectors
    Selected qRT-PCR Assays for microRNAs that regulate RTN4 (see all 19):
    hsa-miR-4318 hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-503 hsa-miR-3692 hsa-miR-424 hsa-miR-195 hsa-miR-497* hsa-miR-15b
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: RTN4 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for RTN4
    Predesigned siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat RTN4

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for RTN4

    Clone
    Products:             		 OriGene clones in human, mouse for RTN4 (see all 35)
    OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for RTN4
    OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 5): RTN4 (NM_020532)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for RTN4
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for RTN4
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat RTN4

    Cell Line
    Products:             		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for RTN4
    Browse ESI BIO Cell Lines and PureStem Progenitors for RTN4 
    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for RTN4


    Localization
    for RTN4 gene

    (According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

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    Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    RTN4_HUMAN, Q9NQC3: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Anchored to the membrane
    of the endoplasmic reticulum through 2 putative transmembrane domains
    Subcellular locations from COMPARTMENTS: 

    CompartmentConfidence
    endoplasmic reticulum5
    nucleus5
    plasma membrane4
    cytoskeleton2
    cytosol1

    Gene Ontology (GO): Selected cellular component terms (see all 7):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005635nuclear envelope IDA11126360
    GO:0005783endoplasmic reticulum NAS11126360
    GO:0005886plasma membrane TAS--
    GO:0016021integral component of membrane ----
    GO:0030176integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane IDA10667797

    RTN4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for RTN4 gene

    (SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

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    SuperPaths for RTN4 About   (see all 7)  
    See pathways by source

    SuperPathContained pathways About
    1p75 NTR receptor-mediated signalling
    		p75 NTR receptor-mediated signalling0.74
    		Axonal growth inhibition (RHOA activation)0.00
    		p75NTR regulates axonogenesis0.00
    2Signaling by FGFR
    		Signalling by NGF0.71
    3Signaling by GPCR
    		Signal Transduction0.58
    4Cell adhesion Integrin mediated cell adhesion and migration
    		Development MAG dependent inhibition of neurite outgrowth0.46
    5Spinal Cord Injury
    		Spinal Cord Injury

    Pathways by source                                                                                                                                                                 See SuperPaths
    Show all pathways

    1 Downloadable PowerPoint Slide of GeneGlobe Pathway Central Maps for RTN4
        NgR-p75(NTR)-Mediated Signaling

    1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for RTN4
        Development MAG-dependent inhibition of neurite outgrowth

    2 BioSystems Pathways for RTN4
        Spinal Cord Injury
    p75(NTR)-mediated signaling


    1 Reactome Pathway for RTN4
        Axonal growth inhibition (RHOA activation)



    RTN4 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

        Pathway & Disease-focused RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays including RTN4: 
              Neurogenesis in human mouse rat
              Nephrotoxicity in human mouse rat
              Apoptosis 384HT in human mouse rat

    Interactions:

        GeneGlobe Interaction Network for RTN4

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    Selected Interacting proteins for RTN4 (Q9NQC31, 2, 3 ENSP000003378384) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 123)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    ENSG00000236693P044402, 3, ENSP000004141964MINT-8258153 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000414196
    ENSG00000237710P044402, 3, ENSP000003892884MINT-8258153 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000389288
    ENSG00000215048P044402, 3MINT-8258153 I2D: score=2 
    ENSG00000226826P044402, 3MINT-8258153 I2D: score=2 
    ENSG00000230763P044402, 3MINT-8258153 I2D: score=2 
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): Selected biological process terms (see all 16):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001525angiogenesis IEA--
    GO:0006915apoptotic process NAS11126360
    GO:0007399nervous system development ----
    GO:0007413axonal fasciculation ISS--
    GO:0021801cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration ISS--

    RTN4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for RTN4 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB)
    About This Section

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    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
       Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences
      Browse compounds at ApexBio 

    Browse Tocris compounds for RTN4

    1 Novoseek inferred chemical compound relationship for RTN4 gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    ddvp 58 1 17029193 (1)



    RTN4 for compounds           About GeneDecksing



    Transcripts
    for RTN4 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

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    REFSEQ mRNAs for RTN4 gene (5 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_007008.2  NM_020532.4  NM_153828.2  NM_207520.1  NM_207521.1  

    Unigene Cluster for RTN4:

    Reticulon 4
    Hs.637850  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_020532
    16 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000394609(uc002ryc.3) ENST00000405240 ENST00000357376(uc002ryd.3)
    ENST00000337526(uc002rye.3) ENST00000317610(uc002ryg.3) ENST00000357732(uc002ryf.3)
    ENST00000394611 ENST00000404909 ENST00000486085 ENST00000491592 ENST00000485749
    ENST00000438462 ENST00000427710 ENST00000461004 ENST00000402434 ENST00000354474


    miRNA
    Products:             		 Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat RTN4 using miScript Target Protectors
    Selected qRT-PCR Assays for microRNAs that regulate RTN4 (see all 19):
    hsa-miR-4318 hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-503 hsa-miR-3692 hsa-miR-424 hsa-miR-195 hsa-miR-497* hsa-miR-15b
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: RTN4 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for RTN4
    Predesigned siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat RTN4
    Clone
    Products:             		 OriGene clones in human, mouse for RTN4 (see all 35)
    OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for RTN4
    OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 5): RTN4 (NM_020532)
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for RTN4
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat RTN4
    Primer
    Products:            		OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for RTN4
    OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for RTN4
    Pre-validated RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat RTN4
      QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat RTN4
      QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat RTN4

    Additional mRNA sequence: 

    AB015639.1 AB020693.1 AB040462.1 AB040463.1 AB073351.1 AB073359.1 AF063601.1 AF077050.1 
    AF087901.1 AF125103.1 AF132047.1 AF132048.1 AF148537.1 AF148538.1 AF177332.1 AF320999.1 
    AF333336.1 AJ251383.1 AJ251384.1 AJ251385.1 AK075039.1 AK098385.1 AK129806.1 AK130812.1 
    AK172726.1 AK302741.1 AY102276.1 AY102277.1 AY102278.1 AY102279.1 AY123245.1 AY123246.1 
    AY123247.1 AY123248.1 AY123249.1 AY123250.1 BC001035.2 BC007109.1 BC010737.1 BC012619.1 
    BC014366.1 BC016165.1 BC026788.1 BC068991.1 BC071848.1 BC150182.1 BC152425.1 BC152555.1 
    DQ778739.1 

    Selected DOTS entries (see all 70):

    DT.87018236  DT.92057768  DT.91855184  DT.100039375  DT.97862663  DT.95148397  DT.100889622  DT.97776594 
    DT.100039374  DT.100889645  DT.100039372  DT.121021010  DT.100889631  DT.420660  DT.100889638  DT.100889649 
    DT.100889641  DT.100889621  DT.121021012  DT.408266  DT.95128616  DT.95329023  DT.100889636  DT.102838873 

    Selected AceView cDNA sequences (see all 1507):

    BM666337 AU104978 BU684302 AI217084 CB108617 AW673265 AA058672 CN483287 
    CB133824 AA370615 CD723962 AK130812 CB148622 AU104981 BM709363 T34690 
    R96423 AA331600 AI828700 AA307342 BE302112 BU952509 BX439214 N73666 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    Selected Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for RTN4 (see all 18)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2a · 2b · 2c ^ 3a · 3b ^ 4a · 4b ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10a · 10b ^ 11 ^ 12a · 12b ^ 13 ^ 14a · 14b ^ 15a · 15b · 15c · 15d ^ 16 ^
    SP1:        -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -                 -     -     -                       -           -     -                     
    SP2:                          -     -     -     -     -     -     -                 -     -     -                       -           -     -                     
    SP3:                                      -     -     -     -     -                 -     -     -                       -           -     -                     
    SP4:                                                  -     -     -                 -     -     -                       -           -     -                     
    SP5:                                                        -     -                 -     -     -                       -           -     -                     

    ExUns: 17a · 17b · 17c · 17d
    SP1:                        
    SP2:                        
    SP3:                        
    SP4:                        
    SP5:                        


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for RTN4

    Expression
    for RTN4 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE 1MOPED, 2PaxDb, and 3MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

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    RTN4 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS <intensity>2/3
    CGAP TAG: AAATGCCACA
    RTN4 Expression
    About this image


    RTN4 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells    About this table
    Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database
     selected tissues (see all 20) fully expand
     
     Brain (Nervous System)    fully expand to see all 4 entries
             Myelinating Oligodendrocyte Cells Forebrain White Matter
             Cerebellum
     
     Eye (Sensory Organs)
             Retina
     
     Bone (Muscoskeletal System)
             Bone Marrow
     
     Colon (Gastrointestinal Tract)
     
     Uterus (Reproductive System)
    RTN4 Protein expression data from MOPED1, PaxDb2 and MaxQB3:     About this image

    RTN4 Protein Expression

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.637850

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RTN4_HUMAN, Q9NQC3
    Tissue specificity: Isoform 1 is specifically expressed in brain and testis and weakly in heart and skeletal
    muscle. Isoform 2 is widely expressed except for the liver. Isoform 3 is expressed in brain, skeletal muscle and
    adipocytes. Isoform 4 is testis-specific

        Pathway & Disease-focused RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays including RTN4: 
              Neurogenesis in human mouse rat
              Nephrotoxicity in human mouse rat
              Apoptosis 384HT in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    In Situ
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    Orthologs
    for RTN4 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

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    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for RTN4 gene from Selected species (see all 17)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Rtn41 , 5 reticulon 41, 5 83.56(n)1
    77.72(a)1    		   11 (16.79 cM)5
    685851  NM_194054.31  NP_918943.11 
     296929475 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves LOC1017495791 reticulon-4-like 60.49(n)
    44.32(a)    		   101749579  XM_004940171.1  XP_004940228.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia RTN46
    		 reticulon 4
    		 45(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 1(263834474-263901082)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)    		 Amphibia MGC684892 hypothetical protein MGC68489 78.12(n)    BC059960.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii Dr.247182 Transcribed sequence with weak similarity to protein more 74.33(n)    57038777 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta Rtnl16
    Rtnl26
    (see all 3)    		 Rtnl2
    (see all 3)    		 27(a)
    22(a)
    (see all 3)    		 many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    (see all 3)    		 2L(4992808-5009720)
    3R(3354586-3355963)
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea ret-16
    		 Protein RET-1, isoform c
    		 7(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 V(14829177-14847312) WBGene00004336


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for RTN4 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for RTN4 (if available)

    Paralogs
    for RTN4 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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    Paralogs for RTN4 gene
    RTN32  RTN12  RTN22  
    6 SIMAP similar genes for RTN4 using alignment to 10 protein entries:     RTN4_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    NOGOC    Nbla10545    Nbla00271    RTN3    RTN1    RTN2

    RTN4 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for RTN4 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, 4UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
    About This Section

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    Selected SNPs for RTN4 (see all 2140)    About this table    
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 2 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    VAR_0359044
    		A colorectal cancer sample4--see VAR_0359042 L V mis40--------
    rs1505009551,2
    		C--55065245(+) CATGTC/TTGCCT 5 -- ds50010--------
    rs774080681,2
    		C,F--55065324(+) CGATTA/GATGAT 5 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- G:0.09WA 118
    rs787088271,2
    		C,F--55065441(+) CTGCAC/GTGTAT 5 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- G:0.01NA 120
    rs8871,2
    		C,F,O,A,H--55065457(-) TTAACT/CCACAT 5 -- ds500135Minor allele frequency- C:0.23MN EA NA NS WA CSA 5199
    rs800983851,2
    		C,F--55065479(+) ATGAAT/ATTATT 5 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- A:0.06WA 118
    rs1910984871,2
    		--55065501(+) AAACAC/TATCAC 5 -- ds50010--------
    rs38390541,2
    		C--55065560(-) AACAA-/AAGTCAA 5 -- ds50010--------
    rs1832858611,2
    		--55065573(+) CCACAA/GTAAAC 5 -- ds50010--------
    rs1388756101,2
    		C--55065575(+) ACAGT-/AAAC  
                AAACA     		5 -- ds50010--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for RTN4 (55199325 - 55339757 bp)

    Structural Variations
         Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 6 variations for RTN4:    About this table    
    Variant IDTypeSubtypePubMed ID
    esv2474783CNV Deletion19546169
    esv2517082CNV Deletion19546169
    esv2720078CNV Deletion23290073
    esv267485CNV Insertion20981092
    nsv834069CNV Loss17160897
    nsv874155CNV Loss21882294

    Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays
    SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing RTN4
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for RTN4

    Disorders / Diseases
    for RTN4 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

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    OMIM gene information: 604475    OMIM disorders: --

    Selected diseases for RTN4 (see all 36):    
    About MalaCards
    pathological gambling    cerebral artery occlusion    ventricular septal defect    inclusion body myositis
    cervical squamous cell carcinoma    neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis    lateral sclerosis    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    myositis    oligodendroglioma    adult t-cell leukemia    temporal lobe epilepsy
    multiple sclerosis    brain disease    schizophrenia    spinal cord injury
    lung cancer    aortic aneurysm    dilated cardiomyopathy    t-cell leukemia

    3 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for RTN4:
    Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis     Multiple sclerosis     Cerebrovascular accident

    RTN4 for disorders           About GeneDecksing


    Congresses - knowledge worth sharing:
    Alzheimer's & Parkinson's Diseases Congress (ADPD) 18 - 22 March 2015

    Selected Novoseek inferred disease relationships for RTN4 gene (see all 12)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 60.8 15 15786457 (3), 18419791 (2), 12270696 (1), 19889996 (1) (see all 9)
    epilepsy temporal lobe 33.9 4 15619232 (1), 15245492 (1), 16772867 (1), 17439704 (1)
    neurodegenerative diseases 32.4 1 14644040 (1)
    schizophrenia 24.9 28 12425946 (5), 15234466 (4), 17022955 (3), 14741411 (2) (see all 8)
    scar 24 3 11597097 (1), 16646157 (1), 15566408 (1)
    multiple sclerosis 20.1 7 14644040 (2), 18495952 (2), 20437585 (1), 17356385 (1) (see all 5)
    small cell lung cancer 17.9 1 11494121 (1)
    tumors 5.29 6 17592524 (2), 12510146 (1), 11891768 (1), 18685489 (1)
    cancer 5.21 5 12510146 (2), 11494121 (2), 15781961 (1)
    neurological disorders 3.72 2 14644040 (2)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): RTN4
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: RTN4 (10 documents)

    Export disorders for RTN4 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for RTN4 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

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    PubMed articles for RTN4 gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 223):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with RTN4)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Identification of the Nogo inhibitor of axon regeneration as a Reticulon protein. (PubMed id 10667797)1, 2, 3, 9 GrandPre T.... Strittmatter S.M. (Nature 2000)
    2. Assignment of the human reticulon 4 gene (RTN4) to chromosome 2p14-->2p13 by radiation hybrid mapping. (PubMed id 10773680)1, 2, 3 Yang J.... Zhao S.-Y. (Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 2000)
    3. Genomic structure and functional characterisation of the promoters of human and mouse nogo/rtn4. (PubMed id 12488097)1, 2, 9 Oertle T.... Schwab M.E. (J. Mol. Biol. 2003)
    4. No association between the genetic polymorphisms within RTN4 and schizophrenia in the Chinese population. (PubMed id 15234466)1, 4, 9 Chen W....He L. (Neurosci. Lett. 2004)
    5. Nogo CAA 3'UTR Insertion polymorphism is not associated with Schizophrenia nor with bipolar disorder. (PubMed id 15820318)1, 4, 9 GregA^rio S.P....Dias-Neto E. (Schizophr. Res. 2005)
    6. Nogos and the Nogo-66 receptor: factors inhibiting CNS neuron regeneration. (PubMed id 11891768)1, 2, 9 Ng C.E.L. and Tang B.L. (J. Neurosci. Res. 2002)
    7. Identification of a receptor necessary for Nogo-B stimulated chemotaxis and morphogenesis of endothelial cells. (PubMed id 16835300)1, 2, 9 Miao R.Q.... Sessa W.C. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2006)
    8. CAA insertion polymorphism in the 3'UTR of Nogo gene on 2p14 is not associated with schizophrenia. (PubMed id 15661375)1, 4, 9 Xiong L....Joober R. (Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 2005)
    9. Nogo 3'-untranslated region CAA insertion: failure to replicate association with schizophrenia and demonstration of marked population difference in frequency of the insertion. (PubMed id 14741411)1, 4, 9 Covault J....Kranzler H. (Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 2004)
    10. The association between dilated cardiomyopathy and RTN4 3'UTR insertion/deletion polymorphisms. (PubMed id 18948092)1, 4, 9 Zhou B....Zhang L. ( international journal of clinical chemistry 2009)

    External Searches for RTN4 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section

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     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing RTN4 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section

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    Entrez Gene: 57142 HGNC: 14085 AceView: RTN4 Ensembl:ENSG00000115310 euGenes: HUgn57142
    ECgene: RTN4 H-InvDB: RTN4

    Other Databases showing RTN4 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section

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    HUGE: KIAA0886

    Specialized Databases showing RTN4 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or others, e.g. Wikipedia and GeneReviews, via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section

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    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for RTN4 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for RTN4 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    SHMPDhttp://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=R&genename=RTN4+%40+NOGO
    Protein Spotlighthttp://web.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/069

    Intellectual Property
    for RTN4 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section

    TryGeneCards Plus    		Patent Information for RTN4 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving RTN4

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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