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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

RRM1 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 73
GCID: GC11P004115

ribonucleotide reductase M1

(Previous name: ribonucleotide reductase M1 polypeptide )

Explore 35 diseases affiliated with
RRM1 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Ribonucleotide Reductase M1¹ ²		RIR1²
Ribonucleotide Reductase M1 Polypeptide¹ ²		Ribonucleoside-Diphosphate Reductase Large Subunit²
Ribonucleoside-Diphosphate Reductase Subunit M1² ³		Ribonucleotide Reductase, Large Subunit²
RR1² ³		Ribonucleotide Reductase, R1 Subunit²
EC 1.17.4.1³ ⁸		Ribonucleotide Reductase Large Subunit³
R1²

External Ids:	HGNC: 10451¹	Entrez Gene: 6240²	Ensembl: ENSG00000167325⁷	OMIM: 180410⁵	UniProtKB: P23921³

Export aliases for RRM1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC11P004668 GC11P004381 GC11P004075 GC11P004080 GC11P004072 GC11P003849

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for RRM1:

This gene encodes one of two non-identical subunits that constitute ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase, an enzyme

essential for the production of deoxyribonucleotides prior to DNA synthesis in S phase of dividing cells. It is one of

several genes located in the imprinted gene domain of 11p15.5, an important tumor-suppressor gene region. Alterations

in this region have been associated with the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma,

adrenocrotical carcinoma, and lung, ovarian, and breast cancer. This gene may play a role in malignancies and disease

that involve this region. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RIR1_HUMAN, P23921

Function: Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from

the corresponding ribonucleotides

Gene Wiki entry for RRM1

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000011.9 NC_018922.1 NT_009237.18

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the RRM1 gene promoter:
E2F-4 E2F-3a E2F-5 E2F E2F-1 p53 HOXA5 Lmo2 E2F-2
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: RRM1 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for RRM1

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat RRM1

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 11p15.5 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 11p15.4 HGNC cytogenetic band: 11p15.5

RRM1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
RRM1 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 11 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC11P004115: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	4,115,924 bp from pter	End:	4,160,106 bp from pter
Size:	44,183 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RIR1_HUMAN, P23921 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit

Size: 792 amino acids; 90070 Da

Subunit: Heterodimer of a large and a small subunit. Heterodimer with small subunit RRM2 or RRM2B. The heterodimer with

RRM2 has higher catalytic activity than the heterodimer with RRM2B

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm

Miscellaneous: Two distinct regulatory sites have been defined: the specificity site, which controls substrate

specificity, and the activity site which regulates overall catalytic activity. A substrate-binding catalytic site,

located on M1, is formed only in the presence of the second subunit M2

Miscellaneous: The level of the enzyme activity is closely correlated with the growth rate of a cell and appears to

vary with the cell cycle

5 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for RRM1:

2WGH (3D)

3HNC (3D)

3HND (3D)

3HNE (3D)

3HNF (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q9UNN2

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for RRM1: NX_P23921

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P23921

4/47 DME Specific Peptides for RRM1 (P23921) (see all 47)

LYKDSCN

ETGTPYM

QILGNNE

DMWNVTP

RRM1 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_001024.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000435656 ENSP00000300738 ENSP00000434069 ENSP00000432555 ENSP00000431464

ENSP00000436377 ENSP00000390539 ENSP00000442148

Reactome Protein details: P23921
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Novus Biologicals RRM1 Proteins Novus Biologicals RRM1 Lysate
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Uscn Proteins for RRM1

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	--
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	--
GO:0005971	ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase complex	NAS	--

RRM1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

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	ThermoFisher Antibodies for RRM1

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	GenScript Custom Assay Services for RRM1
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for RRM1

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

RRM1 for domains About GeneDecksing

5 InterPro domains/families:

IPR013346 NrdE_NrdA

IPR013509 RNR_lsu_N

IPR005144 ATP-cone

IPR000788 RNR_lg_C

IPR008926 RNR_R1-su_N

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P23921

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P23921

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB000788 Ribonucleotide reductase large subunit

IPB005144 ATP cone domain

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RIR1_HUMAN, P23921

Similarity: Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase large chain family

Similarity: Contains 1 ATP-cone domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RIR1_HUMAN, P23921

Function: Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from

the corresponding ribonucleotides

Catalytic activity: 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin disulfide + H(2)O = ribonucleoside diphosphate +

thioredoxin

Enzyme regulation: Under complex allosteric control mediated by deoxynucleoside triphosphates and ATP binding to

separate specificity and activation sites on the M1 subunit. The type of nucleotide bound at the specificity site

determines substrate preference. It seems probable that ATP makes the enzyme reduce CDP and UDP, dGTP favors ADP

reduction and dTTP favors GDP reduction. Stimulated by ATP and inhibited by dATP binding to the activity site

Genatlas biochemistry entry for RRM1:

ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase M1 polypeptide,pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway,putative metastasis suppressor (see

TSG11D)

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 1.17.4.1¹ ²

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target RRM1: hsa-mir-192 (MIRT004159)

		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: RRM1 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat RRM1
		5 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate RRM1:
		hsa-miR-4328 hsa-miR-205* hsa-miR-545 hsa-miR-551b* hsa-miR-338-3p
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: RRM1 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for RRM1 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: RRM1 OriGene siRNA: RRM1
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat RRM1

Gene Editing
Products:

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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: RRM1 (NM_001033)
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In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for RRM1

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004748	ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase activity, thioredoxin disulfide as acceptor	NAS	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	--
GO:0005524	ATP binding	IEA	--
GO:0017076	purine nucleotide binding	--	--

RRM1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

7 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for RRM1:

Decreased cell number and incr	Increased S DNA content	Increased cell number in S	Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory
S arrest	Synthetic lethal with Ras	Synthetic lethal with gemcitab

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/13 super-pathways (see all 13) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Metabolism

Metabolism

1.00

Metabolic pathways

0.38

ATP/ITP metabolism

ATP/ITP metabolism

1.00

ATP/ITP metabolism

0.98

Fluoropyrimidine Activity

Fluoropyrimidine Activity

1.00

Fluoropyrimidine Pathway, Pharmacokinetics

0.73

Purine metabolism

Purine metabolism

1.00

Pyrimidine metabolism

0.38

Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway

Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway

1.00

Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway

0.99

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

1 EMD Millipore Pathway for RRM1

ATP/ITP metabolism

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for RRM1

Cell Cycle / Checkpoint Control

1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for RRM1

ATP/ITP metabolism

5/6 BioSystems Pathways for RRM1 (see all 6)

	Fluoropyrimidine Activity
	Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
	Nucleotide Metabolism
	Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
	E2F transcription factor network

3 Reactome Pathways for RRM1

	Metabolism of nucleotides
	Synthesis and interconversion of nucleotide di- and triphosphates
	Metabolism

2 PharmGKB Pathways for RRM1

	Fluoropyrimidine Pathway, Pharmacokinetics
	Gemcitabine Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

4 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for RRM1):

	Purine metabolism
	Pyrimidine metabolism
	Glutathione metabolism
	Metabolic pathways

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RIR1_HUMAN, P23921

Pathway: Genetic information processing; DNA replication

RRM1 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for RRM1

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/108 Interacting proteins for RRM1 (P23921^{1, 2, 3} ENSP00000300738⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 108)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
LRIF1	Q5T3J3²^,³	MINT-63606 I2D: score=4
HIST1H2BC	P62807³	I2D: score=2
HIST1H2BE	P62807³	I2D: score=2
HIST1H2BF	P62807³	I2D: score=2
HIST1H2BG	P62807³	I2D: score=2

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006260	DNA replication	NAS	--
GO:0009263	deoxyribonucleotide biosynthetic process	ISS	--
GO:0015949	nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion	TAS	--
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process	TAS	--
GO:0051259	protein oligomerization	--	--

RRM1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

RRM1 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for RRM1

9 HMDB Compounds for RRM1 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
ADP	adenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)	58-64-0	--
Adenosine triphosphate	5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)	56-65-5	--
CDP	CDP (see all 3)	63-38-7	--
Guanosine diphosphate	5'-GDP (see all 10)	146-91-8	--
Iron	Armco iron (see all 19)	7439-89-6	--
Uridine 5'-diphosphate	5'-UDP (see all 9)	58-98-0	--
Water	Dihydrogen oxide (see all 2)	7732-18-5	--
dADP	2'-deoxyadenosine-5'-diphosphate (see all 3)	2793-06-8	--
dCDP	2'-Deoxycytidine 5'-diphosphate (see all 13)	800-73-7	--

5 DrugBank Compounds for RRM1 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Clofarabine	--	123318-82-1	target	inhibitor	18728851 19576186 19519505 18780321 17139284 17016423 15230627 20631817 17852710
Gemcitabine	--	95058-81-4	target	inhibitor	17131328 16966686 17636467 16708051 17065054 16807441
Cladribine	2-CdA (see all 5)	4291-63-8	target	inhibitor	19576186 19715446 16316309 17852710 9923554
Fludarabine	FAMP (see all 4)	75607-67-9	target	inhibitor	19325518 19519505 17139284 17016423
Hydroxyurea	Carbamohydroxamic Acid (see all 13)	127-07-1	target	inhibitor	20462199 14583450 15075397 20005847

10/17 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for RRM1 gene (see all 17) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
gemcitabine	85.8	144	20021860 (9), 17131328 (6), 20226083 (6), 18636187 (6) (see all 37)
deoxycytidine	74.6	12	16585222 (1), 20211060 (1), 16708051 (1), 17224927 (1) (see all 8)
deoxyribonucleotide	74	1	14645917 (1)
cisplatin	53.9	26	14977831 (2), 12789263 (2), 18494946 (2), 15277258 (2) (see all 14)
carboplatin	42.3	6	19884554 (2), 18494946 (2), 16966686 (1), 12789263 (1)
nucleoside	42.1	5	16585222 (1), 17224927 (1), 19531250 (1), 19842938 (1)
dichloromethane	37.3	7	16708051 (1), 17602053 (1), 19842938 (1), 12938148 (1)
12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate	37	13	8404864 (6), 7553616 (1)
docetaxel	35.2	5	18414411 (3), 19002265 (2)
paclitaxel	27.6	5	12789263 (1), 17229776 (1)

1 PharmGKB related drug/compound annotation for RRM1 gene

Drug/compound	PharmGKB Annotation
gemcitabine	CA

About this table

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about RRM1 / RIR1

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for RRM1 gene:

NM_001033.3

Unigene Cluster for RRM1:

Ribonucleotide reductase M1

Hs.445705 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001033

16 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000532710 ENST00000532170(uc009yeh.1 uc001lyw.4 uc009yei.3 uc010qyc.2)

ENST00000526865 ENST00000300738 ENST00000533349 ENST00000526350 ENST00000530368

ENST00000528442 ENST00000534285(uc009yej.2) ENST00000533495 ENST00000526304

ENST00000528470 ENST00000531591 ENST00000529109 ENST00000423050 ENST00000537197(uc010qyd.2)

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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: RRM1 (NM_001033)
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		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat RRM1
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat RRM1

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK222786.1 AK297988.1 AK299629.1 AK301891.1 AK301922.1 AK303394.1 AK307950.1 AK311593.1

BC006498.2 NR_047550.1 X59543.1 X59617.1

20 DOTS entries:

DT.100655940 DT.92457344 DT.100726630 DT.87017494 DT.100720169 DT.101984045 DT.120740357 DT.120740371

DT.410686 DT.100655943 DT.100655945 DT.120740375 DT.92457326 DT.100655946 DT.95239132 DT.120740319

DT.120740327 DT.70102375 DT.92043419 DT.95239140

24/616 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 616):

BP357090 BQ933597 BQ230367 BQ050574 BU159068 AU120664 AU135732 CN482445

BG025669 BI226308 BM781458 BM832497 BP356784 AU280564 BU176647 CR622023

CA428666 AI754959 AI990545 BM837810 BM835237 AU132024 BM787845 BP365160

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for RRM1 About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	·	1c	^	2	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5	^	6	^	7a	·	7b	^	8	^	9	^	10	^	11a	·	11b	^	12a	·	12b	^	13	^	14	^	15	^	16	^	17	^	18	^	19	^	20
SP1:													-										-						-						-
SP2:									-				-										-
SP3:																							-
SP4:																													-
SP5:

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for RRM1

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

RRM1 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: AGAAGTACTG

About this image

RRM1 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

5 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Brain

Eye

Liver

Diencephalic Ventricular Zone

Neural Tube

Mesencephalic Ventricular Zone

Neural Tube

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See RRM1 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for RRM1

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.445705

SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for RRM1

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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat RRM1

In Situ
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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
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This gene was present in the last universal common ancestor (LUCA).

Orthologs for RRM1 gene from 11/44 species (see all 44) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Rrm1^{1 , 5}	ribonucleotide reductase M1^{1, 5}	90.11(n)¹ 97.6(a)¹		7 (54.72 cM)⁵ 20133¹ NM_009103.3¹ NP_033129.2¹ 102441695⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	RRM1¹	ribonucleotide reductase M1	82.49(n) 94.3(a)		419081 NM_001030837.1 NP_001026008.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	RRM1⁶	--	88(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343693.1(163408-195342)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	Xl.1365²	Xenopus laevis ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1 more	80.13(n)		BC046846.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	rrm1²	ribonucleotide reductase protein r1 class I	77.88(n)		30740 NM_131455.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	RnrL^{1 , 3}	DNA replication ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase³ Ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase large subunit¹	74(a)³ 66.92(n)¹ 75.38(a)¹		31D8³ 34392¹ NM_057679.4¹ NP_477027.1¹
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	rnr-1^{1 , 3}	Ribonucleoside-disphosphate reductase large chain³ Protein RNR-1¹	73(a)³ 67.78(n)¹ 75.06(a)¹		III(9297244-9299971)³ 176301¹ NM_066638.3¹ NP_499039.1¹
baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	Saccharomycetes	RNR1(YER070W)⁴ RNR1¹	Major isoform of the large subunit of ribonucleotide-diphosphate more⁴ Rnr1p¹	64.07(n)¹ 67.55(a)¹		5(298950-301616)⁴ 856801^{1, 4} NP_010993.1^{1, 4}
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	RNR1¹	ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M1	64.48(n) 69.44(a)		816715 NM_127748.3 NP_179770.1
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	Os.4222²	Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group) cDNA cloneJ more	74.16(n)		AK068858.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for RRM1 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for RRM1 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
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SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 11 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs115399087^1,2	C,F,	--	3847354(+)	`TCTTAT/CGGAGC`	1	--	ut3¹		1		WA	118
rs3750993^1,2	H	--	3847508(-)	`CCTCTG/AGCCAA`	1	--	ut3¹		4		NS EA	416
rs183146929^1,2	C,	--	3847546(+)	`AAGGGA/GTGGCT`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs200757365^1,2	C	--	3847664(-)	`CAGAGA/GAAAAA`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs191928144^1,2	C,	--	3847692(+)	`CCTTTA/GTCCTG`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs183453237^1,2	C,	--	3847796(+)	`AATGGA/GGTTTT`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs2010618^1,2	A	--	3848209(+)	`gacggC/Tgtctc`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs61476007^1,2		--	3848244(+)	`AATGGC/TGCGAT`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs7925141^1,2	C,F,	--	3850133(+)	`GGTCGG/TGGGGC`	1	--	int¹		4		WA CSA	124
rs78306477^1,2	C,	--	3850933(+)	`AAGTGC/TTGGGA`	1	--	int¹		2		WA	120

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for RRM1 (4115924 - 4160106 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for RRM1
1 CNV: 3834
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): RRM1

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
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RRM1 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 180410    OMIM disorders: --

20/35 diseases for RRM1 (see all 35):    About MalaCards

beckwith-wiedemann syndrome autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia breast cancer xeroderma pigmentosum

carcinoma non-hodgkin lymphoma wilms tumor herpes simplex

ophthalmoplegia esophageal squamous cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma rhabdomyosarcoma

hodgkin's lymphoma chickenpox kaposi's sarcoma neutropenia

pancreatic cancer colon adenocarcinoma hepatoblastoma conjunctivitis

1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for RRM1:

Lung cancer

10/11 Novoseek disease relationships for RRM1 gene (see all 11) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
nsclc	73.5	34	20226083 (3), 16980606 (3), 20211060 (2), 17602079 (2) (see all 16)
cancer lung	61	28	16966686 (3), 17314339 (3), 18494946 (3), 19884554 (2) (see all 16)
xeroderma pigmentosum	59.4	8	16539210 (1), 15277258 (1), 19289372 (1)
pancreatic cancer	51.4	6	17131328 (2), 19543324 (2), 19968494 (1), 18751396 (1)
tumors	36.6	44	19488864 (4), 17314339 (4), 15143080 (4), 10441745 (3) (see all 23)
herpes simplex	34	3	9634800 (1), 14715543 (1), 2167936 (1)
cancer	13.8	7	16708051 (1), 17907961 (1), 19452042 (1), 14555530 (1) (see all 5)
metastasis	4.16	4	12687015 (2), 9933563 (1), 15639717 (1)
colon cancer	0	2	14555530 (1), 11385363 (1)
breast cancer	0	25	17602053 (4), 12938148 (2), 17229776 (1), 19289372 (1)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): RRM1
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: RRM1 (17 documents)

Export disorders for RRM1 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for RRM1 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 182):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with RRM1)

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Involvement of ribonucleotide reductase M1 subunit overexpression in gemcitabine resistance of human pancreatic cancer. (PubMed id 17131328)^{1, 7, 9} Nakahira S....Monden M. (2007)
RRM1 modulated in vitro and in vivo efficacy of gemcitabine and platinum in non-small-cell lung cancer. (PubMed id 16966686)^{1, 7, 9} Bepler G....Simon G. (2006)
Human R1 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RRM1): 5' flanking region of the gene. (PubMed id 8188248)^{1, 2, 9} Parker N.J.... Fox R.M. (1994)
Human gene for the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RRM1): functional analysis of the promoter. (PubMed id 7557993)^{1, 3, 9} Parker N.J....Fox R.M. (1995)
Single nucleotide polymorphisms and outcome in docetaxel-cisplatin-treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. (PubMed id 15277258)^{1, 4, 9} Isla D....Lianes P. (2004)
A 1.4-Mb high-resolution physical map and contig of chromosome segment 11p15.5 and genes in the LOH11A metastasis suppressor region. (PubMed id 9933563)^{1, 2, 9} Bepler G.... Pitterle D.M. (1999)
Structural basis for allosteric regulation of human r ibonucleotide reductase by nucleotide-induced oligomerization. (PubMed id 21336276)^{1, 2} Fairman J.W....Dealwis C.G. (2011)
Characterization of enzymatic properties of human ribonucleotide reductase holoenzyme reconstituted in vitro from hRRM1, hRRM2, and p53R2 subunits. (PubMed id 16376858)^{1, 2} Qiu W....Yen Y. (2006)
Micro-array analysis of resistance for gemcitabine results in increased expression of ribonucleotide reductase subunits. (PubMed id 17065054)^{1, 7} Smid K....Peters G.J. (2006)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 6240	HGNC: 10451	AceView: RRM1	Ensembl:ENSG00000167325	euGenes: HUgn6240
ECgene: RRM1	Kegg: 6240	H-InvDB: RRM1

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for RRM1	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for RRM1	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribonucleotide_reductase

Intellectual Property for RRM1 gene
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Patent Information for RRM1 gene:
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GeneCards and IP:
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ribonucleotide reductase M1

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ribonucleotide reductase M1

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