RPL31 Gene
protein-coding GIFtS: 61
GCID: GC02P101618
|
|
ribosomal protein L31
| |
Aliases
for RPL31 gene
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc,
7Ensembl,
8DME,
9miRBase,
and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
| Aliases |
|---|
| Ribosomal Protein L311 2 | | L311 2 | | 60S Ribosomal Protein L312 | | MMRPS325 | | MRPL425 |
Export aliases for RPL31 gene to outside databasesPrevious GC identifers: GC02P099482 GC02P100071 GC02P101224 GC02P101240 GC02P101077 GC02P100985 GC02P095382 |
Summaries
for RPL31 gene(According to Entrez Gene,
Tocris Bioscience,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
|
Entrez Gene summary for RPL31:
Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit.Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This geneencodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the L31E family ofribosomal proteins. It is located in the cytoplasm. Higher levels of expression of this gene in familial adenomatouspolyps compared to matched normal tissues have been observed. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins,there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome. Alternatively spliced transcriptvariants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)
Gene Wiki entry for RPL31 (60S ribosomal protein L31)
|
Genomic Views
for RPL31 gene
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC (hg19) and
Ensembl (release 69),
Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to
QIAGEN,
SABiosciences, and/or
SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
| RefSeq DNA sequence:- NC_000002.11 NC_018913.1 NT_022171.15
Regulatory elements:
 SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the RPL31 gene promoter:
MEF-2 POU3F2 AREB6 MEF-2A c-Rel SRY CBF-A aMEF-2 Hlf CBF(2)
Other transcription factors
Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for RPL31
Epigenetics:
| | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat RPL31 |
Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2q11.2 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 2q11.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 2q11.2RPL31 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
 (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GeneLoc information about chromosome 2 GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC02P101618: view genomic region
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
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101,618,177 bp from pter |
End:
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101,640,494 bp from pter |
Size:
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22,318 bases |
Orientation:
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plus strand |
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Proteins
for RPL31 gene
(According to
1UniProtKB,
HORDE,
neXtProt,
Ensembl,
and/or Reactome,
Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus,
Specific Peptides from DME,
Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Enzo Life Sciences,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Sino Biological,
ProSpec, and/or
Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
OriGene,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
Uscn,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Thermo Fisher Scientific,
Abcam, and/or
Uscn)
About This Section
|
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RL31_HUMAN, P62899 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: 60S ribosomal protein L31 Size: 125 amino acids; 14463 Da
Secondary accessions: B7Z4K2 D3DVJ4 P12947 Q53SQ5 Q6IRZ0 Q6LBJ6Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms: P62899-1 P62899-2 P62899-3 (No experimental confirmation available)Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for RPL31: NX_P62899
Post-translational modifications:
View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P62899
RPL31 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image 
REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts):
NP_000984.1 NP_001092047.1 NP_001093163.1
ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000264258 ENSP00000387120 ENSP00000386717 ENSP00000387163 ENSP00000386681 ENSP00000386271 ENSP00000386737 ENSP00000402450 ENSP00000412976 ENSP00000387112 ENSP00000408172 Reactome Protein details: P62899
Human Recombinant Protein Products:
Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table
RPL31 for ontologies About GeneDecksing
RPL31 Antibody Products:
Assay Products for RPL31: |
Protein
Domains /
Families
for RPL31 gene(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
|
RPL31 for domains About GeneDecksing
3 InterPro domains/families:Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P62899ProtoNet protein and cluster: P62899 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RL31_HUMAN, P62899Similarity: Belongs to the ribosomal protein L31e family |
Function
for RPL31 gene
(According to 1UniProtKB,
Genatlas,
LifeMap Discovery™,
IUBMB, and/or
2DME,
Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi,
Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences,
miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase
shRNA from
OriGene,
RNAi from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Gene Editing from DNA2.0,
Clones from EMD Millipore,
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
Sino Biological,
DNA2.0,
and Vector BioLabs,
Cell Lines from GenScript,
LifeMap BioReagents,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|
Function Summary:
Genatlas biochemistry entry for RPL31:60S ribosomal protein L31,14kDa
Clone
Products: |  | Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore | |  | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RPL31 (see all 5)
OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RPL31 (see all 3)
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In Situ Assay
Products: |
 | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for RPL31 |
Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table
RPL31 for ontologies About GeneDecksing
8 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for RPL31:
|
Pathways & Interactions
for RPL31 gene
(Pathways according to
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
KEGG,
PharmGKB,
BioSystems,
Reactome,
Tocris Bioscience,
GeneGo (Thomson Reuters),
QIAGEN,
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Interaction Networks according to
SABiosciences,
and/or STRING,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT,
3I2D, and/or
4STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene).
About This Section
|
Unified GeneCards pathways About this table
See pathways by source
| Super-pathway | contained gene-specific pathways |
|---|
| 1 | Synthesis of PB1-F2 | | | 2 | Metabolism of mRNA | | | 3 | Disease | | | 4 | Generic Transcription Pathway | | | 5 | Asparagine N-linked glycosylation | |
Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways
1  GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for RPL31
1  BioSystems Pathway for RPL31
5/28 
Reactome Pathways for RPL31 (see all 28)
1 
Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for RPL31):
RPL31 for pathways About GeneDecksing
Interactions:
Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for RPL31
STRING Interaction
Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)
5/1070 Interacting proteins for RPL31 (P628991, 2, 3 ENSP000003867174) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 1070)About this table
Gene Ontology (GO): 5/13 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 13): About this table | GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|
| GO:0000184 | nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay |
TAS | -- | | GO:0006412 | translation |
TAS | -- | | GO:0006413 | translational initiation |
TAS | -- | | GO:0006414 | translational elongation |
TAS | -- | | GO:0006415 | translational termination |
TAS | -- |
RPL31 for ontologies About GeneDecksing
|
Drugs & Compounds
for RPL31 gene(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience
HMDB,
BitterDB, and/or
Novoseek, and Drugs according to
DrugBank,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news
search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section
|
 Browse Tocris compounds for RPL31
Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about RPL31 / RL31
|
Transcripts
for RPL31 gene(Secondary structures according to
fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
transcript ids from Ensembl
with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
shRNA from
OriGene,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
DNA2.0,
Vector BioLabs,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN
)
About This Section
|
REFSEQ mRNAs for RPL31 gene (3 alternative transcripts): NM_000993.4 NM_001098577.2 NM_001099693.1 Unigene Cluster for RPL31: Ribosomal protein L31 Hs.469473 [show with all ESTs]Unigene Representative Sequence: AK09354311 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant: ENST00000264258(uc002taq.4) ENST00000409000 ENST00000409028(uc010fiu.1)
ENST00000409320(uc002tar.4) ENST00000409733 ENST00000409650 ENST00000409038(uc010yvu.1 uc010yvv.1)
ENST00000419276 ENST00000456292 ENST00000409711 ENST00000441435
Clone
Products: | | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RPL31 (see all 5)
OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RPL31 (see all 3)
OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling
| | | GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 3): RPL31 (NM_000993) | | | DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene
Synthesis Service for RPL31 | | | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat RPL31 |
Additional cDNA sequence: AB019567.1 AK093543.1 AK297167.1 AK297247.1 AK297483.1 AK311775.1 BC001663.2 BC017343.2 BC070210.1 BC070373.1 X15940.1 X69181.1 24/98 DOTS entries (see all 98): DT.121029607 DT.91804820 DT.100718815 DT.120749337 DT.102843741 DT.100718805 DT.95277739 DT.86997893 DT.100890286 DT.75162205 DT.100718829 DT.100890287 DT.92000061 DT.95182293 DT.100718807 DT.91738896 DT.92042127 DT.87004867 DT.91999249 DT.100045789 DT.100718812 DT.40116273 DT.100718820 DT.121029649 24/2190 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 2190): NM_000993 BG370438 BG341425 AA687712 BG025257 N54835 AI708452 AI816349 AI125097 AA583859 AA514050 BE393025 BM553088 BM461965 BG396356 AI819601 F17115 BG171179 BM090898 CB140499 BG397639 AI949185 CR622056 BU180816
GeneLoc Exon Structure
3 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for RPL31 About this scheme
| ExUns: | 1 | ^ | 2a | · | 2b | ^ | 3a | · | 3b | · | 3c | ^ | 4 |
|---|
|
| SP1: | | | | | - | | | | - | | - | | | | |
| SP2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| SP3: | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | |
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for RPL31
|
Expression
for RPL31 gene
(RNA expression data according to
H-InvDB,
NONCODE,
miRBase, and
RNAdb,
Expression images according to data from
BioGPS,
Illumina Human BodyMap, and
CGAP
SAGE,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™,
plus additional links to
Genevestigator, and/or
SOURCE, and/or
BioGPS, and/or
UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from
SABiosciences,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section
| RPL31 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: AAGGAGATGG
About this image
See RPL31 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for RPL31
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.469473
SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for RPL31
Primer
Products: | | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for RPL31
Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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Assay Products: |
| Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for RPL31 |
Orthologs
for RPL31 gene
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
,
5MGI Mar 06 2013,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
and/or
6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara ,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl and
TreeFam)
About This Section
|
This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.
Orthologs for RPL31 gene from 8/28 species (see all 28) About this table
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for RPL31 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for RPL31 (if available) |
Paralogs
for RPL31 gene(Paralogs according to
1HomoloGene,
2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section
| Paralogs for RPL31 gene
1 SIMAP similar gene for RPL31 using alignment to 6 protein entries: RL31_HUMAN (see all proteins):LOC402248
RPL31 for paralogs About GeneDecksing
5/68 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for RPL31 (see all 68)
PGOHUM00000251246 PGOHUM00000251262 PGOHUM00000242806 PGOHUM00000242915 PGOHUM00000239302
|
Genomic Variants
for RPL31 gene(SNPs/Variants according to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE,
UniProtKB, and
DNA2.0,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene
Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation
Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN,
Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section
|
| Genomic Data | Transcription Related Data | Allele Frequencies | | SNP ID | Valid | Clinical
significance | Chr 2 pos | Sequence | # | AA
Chg | Type | More | # | Allele
freq | Pop | Total
sample | More |
|---|
HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for RPL31 (101618177 - 101640494 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for RPL31
1 CNV: 47994 | SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays |
| | QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing RPL31 |
|
Disorders
/ Diseases
for RPL31 gene
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards,
OMIM, UniProtKB,
the University of Copenhagen DISEASES
database,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
RPL31 for disorders About GeneDecksing
OMIM gene information: 611847
OMIM disorders: --
9  diseases for RPL31: About MalaCardstreacher collins syndrome chancroid nasopharynx carcinoma macular degeneration
rheumatoid arthritis arthritis ataxia carcinoma
malaria
1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for RPL31:Chancroid Export disorders for RPL31 gene to outside databases
|
Publications
for RPL31 gene (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Entrez Gene,
2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
3HGNC,
4GAD,
5PharmGKB,
6HMDB,
7DrugBank,
8UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
9 Novoseek, and/or
10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
PubMed articles for RPL31 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 47):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with RPL31) | |  | Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information |
- The human ribosomal protein genes: sequencing and comparative analysis of 73 genes. (PubMed id 11875025)1, 2, 3 Yoshihama M.... Kenmochi N. (2002)
- cDNA sequence of human ribosomal protein L31. (PubMed id 2780320)1, 2, 3 Nobori T.... Carson D.A. (1989)
- Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. (PubMed id 17081983)1, 2 Olsen J.V....Mann M. (2006)
- Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. (PubMed id 15815621)1, 2 Hillier L.W....Wilson R.K. (2005)
- Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. (PubMed id 15592455)1, 2 Rush J.... Comb M.J. (2005)
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
- Identification of a human ribosomal protein mRNA with increased expression in colorectal tumours. (PubMed id 2597680)1, 2 Chester K.A....Malcolm A.D.B. (1989)
- A census of human soluble protein complexes. (PubMed id 22939629)1 Havugimana P.C....Emili A. (2012)
- Biochemical and phosphoproteomic analysis of the helix -loop-helix protein E47. (PubMed id 22354994)1 Teachenor R....Murre C. (2012)
- An important role for CDK2 in G1 to S checkpoint activation and DNA damage response in human embryonic stem cells. (PubMed id 21319273)1 Neganova I....Lako M. (2011)
|
External Searches for RPL31 gene
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section
|
|
Genome Databases showing RPL31 gene
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
Kegg,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
|
Other Databases showing RPL31 gene
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| -- |
Specialized Databases showing RPL31 gene(According to PharmGKB,
ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section
|
| Name | Description |
| PharmGKB entry for RPL31 | Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways |
|
| | |
About This Section
| Patent Information for RPL31 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving RPL31
GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search
|
Products
for RPL31 gene(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences),
In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics
About This Section
|
 | |
 | |
 |
| | |  | Browse OriGene Antibodies | | OriGene shRNA RFP for RPL31 | | | OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for RPL31 | | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for RPL31 | | | OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for RPL31 | | Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits | | | OriGene siRNA for RPL31 | | OriGene 3'-UTR Clone for RPL31 | | | OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RPL31 | | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RPL31 | | | Browse OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector | | Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids | | | Browse OriGene basic RS shRNAs | | Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs | | | Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells | | OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
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| | | QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of in human, mouse, rat RPL31 | | | QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing RPL31 | | | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat RPL31 | | | QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat RPL31 | | | QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat RPL31 | | | QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat RPL31 |
| |
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| |  |  |  |  | | | | |
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 | | | RPL31 Proteins, Antibodies, CLIAs, and ELISAs |
| | | | | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for RPL31 |
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| | | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat RPL31 |
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