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RNLS Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 54
GCID: GC10M090024

Renalase, FAD-Dependent Amine Oxidase

(Previous name: chromosome 10 open reading frame 59)
(Previous symbol: C10orf59)

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(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
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Aliases
Renalase, FAD-Dependent Amine Oxidase¹ ²		Chromosome 10 Open Reading Frame 59¹
C10orf59¹ ² ³ ⁵		RENALASE²
Monoamine Oxidase-C² ³		renalase²
MAO-C² ³		EC 1.4.-.-³

External Ids:	HGNC: 25641¹	Entrez Gene: 55328²	Ensembl: ENSG00000184719⁷	OMIM: 609360⁵	UniProtKB: Q5VYX0³

Export aliases for RNLS gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifer: GC10M083668

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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Entrez Gene summary for RNLS Gene:

Renalase is a flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent amine oxidase that is secreted into the blood from the kidney

(Xu et al., 2005 (PubMed 15841207)).(supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008)

GeneCards Summary for RNLS Gene:

RNLS (renalase, FAD-dependent amine oxidase) is a protein-coding gene. GO annotations related to this gene include oxidoreductase activity.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RNLS_HUMAN, Q5VYX0

Function: Probable FAD-dependent amine oxidase secreted by the kidney, which circulates in blood and modulates

cardiac function and systemic blood pressure. Degrades catecholamines such as dopamine, norepinephrine and

epinephrine in vitro. Lowers blood pressure in vivo by decreasing cardiac contractility and heart rate and

preventing a compensatory increase in peripheral vascular tone, suggesting a causal link to the increased plasma

catecholamine and heightened cardiovascular risk. High concentrations of catecholamines activate plasma renalase

and promotes its secretion and synthesis (By similarity). According to PubMed:17385068, is unlikely that renalase

has physiologically relevant catecholamine-oxidizing activity

Gene Wiki entry for RNLS (Renalase) Gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
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RefSeq DNA sequence at NCBI GenBank:

NC_000010.10 NT_030059.14 NC_018921.2

Regulatory elements:

Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the RNLS gene promoter:
HFH-3 FOXI1 RP58 POU3F2 (N-Oct-5a) POU3F2
Other transcription factors

Browse SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids

Search Chromatin IP Primers for RNLS

Epigenetics:

DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat RNLS

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 10q23.31 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 10q23.31 HGNC cytogenetic band: 10q23.31

RNLS Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
RNLS gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 10 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC10M090024: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	90,033,621 bp from pter	End:	90,344,287 bp from pter
Size:	310,667 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, ²neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, Cloud-Clone Corp, antibodies-online, and/or others.)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RNLS_HUMAN, Q5VYX0 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Renalase precursor

Size: 342 amino acids; 37847 Da

Cofactor: FAD

1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for RNLS:

3QJ4 (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q9BS33 Q9NUP8

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: Q5VYX0-1 Q5VYX0-2 (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for RNLS: NX_Q5VYX0

Explore proteomics data for RNLS at MOPED

Post-translational modifications:

Modification sites at neXtProt

Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

See RNLS Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED, PaxDB, and MaxQB

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_001026879.2 NP_060833.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000361015 ENSP00000332530 ENSP00000387577

RNLS Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	antibodies-online proteins for RNLS (11 products)
	antibodies-online peptides for RNLS

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RNLS Assay Products:

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(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
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1 InterPro protein domain:

IPR002937 Amino_oxidase

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q5VYX0

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q5VYX0

1 Blocks protein domain: IPB002938 Monooxygenase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RNLS_HUMAN, Q5VYX0

Similarity: Belongs to the renalase family

Find genes that share domains with RNLS About GenesLikeMe

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, genOway,
transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs and/or Addgene, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Flow cytometry from eBioscience, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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Molecular Function:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: RNLS_HUMAN, Q5VYX0

Function: Probable FAD-dependent amine oxidase secreted by the kidney, which circulates in blood and modulates

cardiac function and systemic blood pressure. Degrades catecholamines such as dopamine, norepinephrine and

epinephrine in vitro. Lowers blood pressure in vivo by decreasing cardiac contractility and heart rate and

preventing a compensatory increase in peripheral vascular tone, suggesting a causal link to the increased plasma

catecholamine and heightened cardiovascular risk. High concentrations of catecholamines activate plasma renalase

and promotes its secretion and synthesis (By similarity). According to PubMed:17385068, is unlikely that renalase

has physiologically relevant catecholamine-oxidizing activity

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 1.4.-.-¹

Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	IEA	--

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Phenotypes:
3 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Rnls):

cardiovascular system

homeostasis/metabolism

nervous system

Find genes that share phenotypes with RNLS About GenesLikeMe

Animal Models:
MGI mouse knock-out Rnls^tm1Gvd for RNLS

genOway: Develop your customized and physiologically relevant rodent model for RNLS

miRNA Products:		Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat RNLS using miScript Target Protectors
		Selected qRT-PCR Assays for microRNAs that regulate RNLS (see all 28):
		hsa-miR-607 hsa-miR-520e hsa-miR-302d hsa-miR-19b-2* hsa-miR-302e hsa-miR-138-2* hsa-miR-519a hsa-miR-29b-1*

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(According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

RNLS_HUMAN, Q5VYX0: Secreted

Subcellular locations from COMPARTMENTS:

Compartment	Confidence
extracellular	5
peroxisome	2
cytosol	1
endoplasmic reticulum	1
mitochondrion	1
plasma membrane	1

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Gene Ontology (GO): 2 cellular component terms: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	--	--
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	--

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(SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene).
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SuperPaths for RNLS About

See pathways by source

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SuperPath

Contained pathways About

Phenylalanine metabolism

noradrenaline and adrenaline degradation

0.31

1 BioSystems Pathway for RNLS

noradrenaline and adrenaline degradation

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Interactions:

Search GeneGlobe Interaction Network for RNLS

1 Interacting protein for RNLS (Q5VYX0³) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
MAST1	Q9Y2H9³	I2D: score=1

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Gene Ontology (GO): 5 biological process terms: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0002931	response to ischemia	IEA	--
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	--	--
GO:0071869	response to catecholamine	--	--
GO:0071871	response to epinephrine	IEA	--
GO:1902074	response to salt	IEA	--

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(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB)
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Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse compounds at ApexBio

Browse Tocris compounds for RNLS

1 HMDB Compound for RNLS About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
FAD	1H-Purin-6-amine flavin dinucleotide (see all 21)	146-14-5	--

1 Novoseek inferred chemical compound relationship for RNLS gene About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
amine	75.3	16	18299506 (3), 15841207 (2), 20409839 (2), 19471322 (1) (see all 9)

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(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and/or Addgene, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, Flow cytometry from eBioscience )
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REFSEQ mRNAs for RNLS gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_001031709.2 NM_018363.3

Unigene Cluster for RNLS:

Renalase, FAD-dependent amine oxidase

Hs.149849 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001031709

5 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000371947(uc010qms.1 uc001kfd.2) ENST00000331772(uc009xtj.3 uc001kfe.3)

ENST00000466945 ENST00000481793 ENST00000437752

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		hsa-miR-607 hsa-miR-520e hsa-miR-302d hsa-miR-19b-2* hsa-miR-302e hsa-miR-138-2* hsa-miR-519a hsa-miR-29b-1*

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Additional mRNA sequence:

AK002080.1 AK296262.1 BC005364.1 BX648154.1

8 DOTS entries:

DT.101208 DT.92392573 DT.91759114 DT.95154169 DT.101955364 DT.91759112 DT.95367269 DT.91659451

Selected AceView cDNA sequences (see all 44):

AK002080 BX097218 BM695006 NM_018363 BM978857 CA407528 AI093491 BC005364

BG194028 BU753507 BX097852 AA232650 BI832374 AA854849 AA609946 BI832528

BI758544 BX648154 AI983739 AI828824 CA446666 BE464707 BM666796 BX472150

GeneLoc Exon Structure

3 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for RNLS About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5	^	6	^	7	^	8	^	9a	·	9b	^	10
SP1:											-						-		-		-
SP2:											-						-
SP3:

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for RNLS

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
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RNLS expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS <intensity>^2/3
CGAP TAG: CTAGAATGGA

About this image

RNLS Protein expression data from MOPED¹, PaxDb² and MaxQB³:

About this image

RNLS Protein Expression

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.149849

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RNLS_HUMAN, Q5VYX0

Tissue specificity: Secreted into the blood by the kidney. Highly expressed in the kidney, expressed at lower

level in heart, skeletal muscle and small intestine. Its plasma concentration is markedly reduced in patients

with end-stage renal disease, as compared with healthy subjects

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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
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This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for RNLS gene from Selected species (see all 12) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Rnls^{1 , 5}	renalase, FAD-dependent amine oxidase^{1, 5}	82.11(n)¹ 72.33(a)¹		19 (29.08 cM)⁵ 67795¹ NM_001167818.1¹ NP_001161290.1¹ 33137747⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	RNLS¹	renalase, FAD-dependent amine oxidase	65.57(n) 59.58(a)		423674 NM_001199599.1 NP_001186528.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	RNLS⁶	renalase, FAD-dependent amine oxidase	66(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343246.1(614113-767632)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	Xl.14218²	Xenopus laevis transcribed sequence with weak similarity more	71.61(n)		BX855505.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	rnls¹	renalase, FAD-dependent amine oxidase	64.52(n) 60.53(a)		436880 NM_001002607.1 NP_001002607.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for RNLS (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for RNLS (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
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SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 10 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs286486^1,2	H	--	90033165(+)	`TTTTAG/AAAATG`	1	--	ds500¹		5		NS EA NA	422
rs183232166^1,2		--	90033278(+)	`CATTTA/TAAAAT`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs188112629^1,2		--	90033413(+)	`TAAACC/TATCGT`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs57049143^1,2		--	90033586(+)	`TCATTC/GAAAAA`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs200911127^1,2		--	90033586(+)	`CATTC-/AAAAAA`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs2114406^1,2	C,F,O,A,H	--	90033593(+)	`AAAAAA/GAATGC`	1	--	ds500¹		23		NS EA NA WA	2474
rs147168561^1,2	C	--	90033601(+)	`TGCCAA/GATTGA`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs111709781^1,2	C	--	90033613(+)	`AGGTT-/AAAAAA`	1	--	ds500¹		1		CSA	2
rs6586124^1,2	C,F,A	--	90033633(+)	`ATTATA/GGTTTT`	1	--	ut3¹		3		NA	142
rs149250995^1,2		--	90033678(+)	`AACACA/GATTTT`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for RNLS (90033621 - 90283621 bp, first 250kb of RNLS)

Structural Variations
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 10 variations for RNLS: About this table

Variant ID	Type	Subtype	PubMed ID
esv2739328	CNV	Deletion	23290073
esv2739317	CNV	Deletion	23290073
esv2662982	CNV	Deletion	23128226
esv2075872	CNV	Deletion	18987734
esv271051	CNV	Insertion	20981092
nsv825500	CNV	Loss	20364138
nsv24973	CNV	Loss	16902084
nsv825501	CNV	Loss	20364138
nsv467414	CNV	Loss	19166990
nsv895879	CNV	Gain	21882294

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): RNLS

Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays

SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing RNLS

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
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OMIM gene information: 609360 OMIM disorders: --

Find genes that share disorders with RNLS About GenesLikeMe

3 Novoseek inferred disease relationships for RNLS gene About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
renal failure chronic	55.9	2	15841207 (1), 17846919 (1)
renal disease	47.6	8	18277152 (4), 19471322 (1), 17565281 (1), 18299506 (1) (see all 5)
cardiovascular diseases	30.9	1	18277152 (1)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): RNLS
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: RNLS (1 document)

Export disorders for RNLS gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for RNLS gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 41):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with RNLS)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Renalase is a novel, soluble monoamine oxidase that regulates cardiac function and blood pressure. (PubMed id 15841207)^{1, 2, 3, 9} Xu J.... Desir G.V. (J. Clin. Invest. 2005)
Renalase, a new renal hormone: its role in health and disease. (PubMed id 17565281)^{1, 3, 9} Xu J. and Desir G.V. (Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2007)
FAD-binding site and NADP reactivity in human renalase: a new enzyme involved in blood pressure regulation. (PubMed id 21699903)^{1, 2} Milani M.... Aliverti A. (J. Mol. Biol. 2011)
Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)^{1, 2} Ota T.... Sugano S. (Nat. Genet. 2004)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S.... Malek J. (Genome Res. 2004)
The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. (PubMed id 15164054)^{1, 2} Deloukas P.... Rogers J. (Nature 2004)
Regulation of blood pressure and cardiovascular function by renalase. (PubMed id 19471322)^{1, 9} Desir G.V. (Kidney Int. 2009)
Renalase, a catecholamine-metabolising enzyme? (PubMed id 17385068)^{2, 9} Boomsma F. and Tipton K.F. (J. Neural Transm. 2007)
Synthesis of human renalase1 in Escherichia coli and its purification as a FAD-containing holoprotein. (PubMed id 20302943)^{1, 9} Pandini V....Aliverti A. (Protein Expr. Purif. 2010)
Renalase, a novel soluble FAD-dependent protein, is synthesized in the brain and peripheral nerves. (PubMed id 20168325)^{1, 9} Hennebry S.C....Schlaich M. (Mol. Psychiatry 2010)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 55328	HGNC: 25641	AceView: C10orf59	Ensembl:ENSG00000184719	euGenes: HUgn55328
ECgene: RNLS	H-InvDB: RNLS

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or others, e.g. Wikipedia and GeneReviews, via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for RNLS	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

Intellectual Property for RNLS gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for RNLS gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving RNLS

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., Thermo Fisher Scientific, eBioscience, antibodies-online, and/or others, Gene Editing from DNA2.0. Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Addgene, Cell lines from GenScript, and ESI BIO, Flow cytometery from eBioscience, PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or ApexBio, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Animal models from genOway)
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RNLS Gene

Renalase, FAD-Dependent Amine Oxidase

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RNLS Gene

Renalase, FAD-Dependent Amine Oxidase

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