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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

RET Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 74
GCID: GC10P043572

ret proto-oncogene

(Previous names: multiple endocrine neoplasia and medullary thyroid carcinoma...)
(Previous symbols: HSCR1, MEN2A, MTC1, MEN2B)
 Explore 116 diseases affiliated with
RET via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for RET    

Aliases
for RET gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Ret Proto-Oncogene1 2     EC 2.7.10.13 8
CDHF121 2 3     Hirschsprung Disease 11
CDHR161 2 3     Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia And Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma 11
PTC1 2 3     RET-ELE12
RET511 2 3     Cadherin-Related Family Member 162
HSCR11 2 5     Hydroxyaryl-Protein Kinase2
MEN2A1 2 5     Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Receptor Ret2
MEN2B1 2     Receptor Tyrosine Kinase2
MTC11 2     Ret Proto-Oncogene (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia And Medullary Thyroid
Carcinoma 1, Hirschsprung Disease)2
Cadherin Family Member 122 3     RET Transforming Sequence2
Proto-Oncogene C-Ret2 3     EC 2.7.108

External Ids:    HGNC: 99671   Entrez Gene: 59792   Ensembl: ENSG000001657317   OMIM: 1647615   UniProtKB: P079493   

Export aliases for RET gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC10P042861 GC10P043040 GC10P043347 GC10P042856 GC10P042892 GC10P040098


Summaries
for RET gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for RET:
This gene, a member of the cadherin superfamily, encodes one of the receptor tyrosine kinases, which are cell-surface
molecules that transduce signals for cell growth and differentiation. This gene plays a crucial role in neural crest
development, and it can undergo oncogenic activation in vivo and in vitro by cytogenetic rearrangement. Mutations in
this gene are associated with the disorders multiple endocrine neoplasia, type IIA, multiple endocrine neoplasia, type
IIB, Hirschsprung disease, and medullary thyroid carcinoma. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have
been found for this gene. Additional transcript variants have been described but their biological validity has not
been confirmed. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RET_HUMAN, P07949
Function: Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase involved in numerous cellular mechanisms including cell proliferation,
neuronal navigation, cell migration, and cell differentiation upon binding with glial cell derived neurotrophic factor
family ligands. Phosphorylates PTK2/FAK1. Regulates both cell death/survival balance and positional information.
Required for the molecular mechanisms orchestration during intestine organogenesis; involved in the development of
enteric nervous system and renal organogenesis during embryonic life, and promotes the formation of Peyer's patch-like
structures, a major component of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Modulates cell adhesion via its cleavage by
caspase in sympathetic neurons and mediates cell migration in an integrin (e.g. ITGB1 and ITGB3)-dependent manner.
Involved in the development of the neural crest. Active in the absence of ligand, triggering apoptosis through a
mechanism that requires receptor intracellular caspase cleavage. Acts as a dependence receptor; in the presence of the
ligand GDNF in somatotrophs (within pituitary), promotes survival and down regulates growth hormone (GH) production,
but triggers apoptosis in absence of GDNF. Regulates nociceptor survival and size. Triggers the differentiation of
rapidly adapting (RA) mechanoreceptors. Mediator of several diseases such as neuroendocrine cancers; these diseases
are characterized by aberrant integrins-regulated cell migration

Gene Wiki entry for RET (RET proto-oncogene)


Genomic Views
for RET gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000010.10  NC_018921.1  NT_033985.7  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the RET gene promoter:
         NF-1   NF-1/L   AP-1   STAT3   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: RET promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for RET

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat RET


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 10q11.2   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  10q11.21   HGNC cytogenetic band: 10q11.2

RET Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
RET gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 10         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC10P043572:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 43,572,475 bp from pter      End:
 43,625,799 bp from pter
Size:
 53,325 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for RET gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RET_HUMAN, P07949 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret precursor  
Size: 1114 amino acids; 124319 Da
Subunit: Phosphorylated form interacts with the PBT domain of DOK2, DOK4 and DOK5. The phosphorylated form interacts
with PLCG1 and GRB7 (By similarity). Interacts (not phosphorylated) with CC PTK2/FAK1 (via FERM domain). Extracellular
cell-membrane anchored RET cadherin fragments form complex in neurons with reduced trophic status, preferentially at
the contact sites between somas. Interacts with AIP in the pituitary gland; this interaction prevents the formation of
the AIP-survivin complex. Binds to ARTN
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Endosome membrane; Single-pass type I
membrane protein
Miscellaneous: Treatment with withaferin A (WA) leads tumor regression in medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC)
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAA36524.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Sequence=AAA36786.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;
Sequence=CAA33787.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Sequence=CAC14882.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;
6/9 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for RET (see all 9):
1XPD (3D)        2IVS (3D)        2IVT (3D)        2IVU (3D)        2IVV (3D)        2X2K (3D)    
Secondary accessions: A8K6Z2 Q15250 Q9BTB0 Q9H4A2
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  P07949-1   P07949-2   (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for RET: NX_P07949

Post-translational modifications:

  • Autophosphorylated on C-terminal tyrosine residues upon ligand stimulation. Dephosphorylated by PTPRJ on Tyr-905,
    • Tyr-1015 and Tyr-10621
  • Proteolytically cleaved by caspase-3. The soluble RET kinase fragment is able to induce cell death. The extracellular
    • cell-membrane anchored RET cadherin fragment accelerates cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P07949

    • 3 DME Specific Peptides for RET (P07949)
     RDLAARN  VAVKMLK  WMAIESL 

    RET Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_065681.1  NP_066124.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000347942   ENSP00000419080   ENSP00000344798  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
    EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant RET Protein
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for RET
    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: RET
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for RET 
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for RET
    Novus Biologicals RET Proteins
    Novus Biologicals RET Lysates
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for RET

    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005887integral to plasma membrane IDA19823924
    GO:0010008endosome membrane IDA19823924


    RET for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    RET Antibody Products: 
    EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of RET
    R&D Systems Antibodies for RET
    Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for RET 
    OriGene Antibodies: RET
    OriGene Custom Antibody Services for RET 
    GenScript Superior Antibodies for RET
    Novus Biologicals RET Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for RET 
    Uscn Antibodies for RET
    ThermoFisher Antibody for RET

    Assay Products for RET: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development
    Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
    R&D Systems ELISAs for RET         (see all)
    GenScript RET-Activity-based Kinase Assay for Compound Screening
    Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Sandwich ELISA Kits for RET
    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for RET

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for RET gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    RET for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/9 InterPro domains/families (see all 9):
     IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS
     IPR011009 Kinase-like_dom
     IPR015919 Cadherin-like
     IPR000719 Prot_kinase_cat_dom
     IPR016249 Tyr_kinase_Ret_rcpt

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P07949

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P07949

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB002126 Cadherin
    IPB008266 Tyrosine protein kinase


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RET_HUMAN, P07949
    Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family
    Similarity: Contains 1 cadherin domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 protein kinase domain


    Function
    for RET gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RET_HUMAN, P07949
    Function: Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase involved in numerous cellular mechanisms including cell proliferation,
    neuronal navigation, cell migration, and cell differentiation upon binding with glial cell derived neurotrophic factor
    family ligands. Phosphorylates PTK2/FAK1. Regulates both cell death/survival balance and positional information.
    Required for the molecular mechanisms orchestration during intestine organogenesis; involved in the development of
    enteric nervous system and renal organogenesis during embryonic life, and promotes the formation of Peyer's patch-like
    structures, a major component of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Modulates cell adhesion via its cleavage by
    caspase in sympathetic neurons and mediates cell migration in an integrin (e.g. ITGB1 and ITGB3)-dependent manner.
    Involved in the development of the neural crest. Active in the absence of ligand, triggering apoptosis through a
    mechanism that requires receptor intracellular caspase cleavage. Acts as a dependence receptor; in the presence of the
    ligand GDNF in somatotrophs (within pituitary), promotes survival and down regulates growth hormone (GH) production,
    but triggers apoptosis in absence of GDNF. Regulates nociceptor survival and size. Triggers the differentiation of
    rapidly adapting (RA) mechanoreceptors. Mediator of several diseases such as neuroendocrine cancers; these diseases
    are characterized by aberrant integrins-regulated cell migration
    Catalytic activity: ATP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine = ADP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine phosphate
    Enzyme regulation: Repressed by 4-(3-hydroxyanilino)-quinolines derivatives, indolin-2-one-derivatives,
    2-(alkylsulfanyl)-4-(3-thienyl) nicotinonitrile analogs, 3- and 4-substituted beta-carbolin-1-ones, vandetanib,
    motesanib, sorafenib (BAY 43-9006), cabozantinib (XL184), sunitinib, and withaferin A (WA). Inactivation by sorafenib
    both reduces kinase activity and promotes lysosomal degradation
    Induction: Positively regulated by NKX2-1, PHOX2B, SOX10 and PAX3

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for RET:
    glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor component,homodimerizing and binding the GDNF-GFRA
    complex,expressed in the developing kidney,the presumptive enteric neuroblats,cranial ganglia (VII,VIII,IX and X) and
    in the presumptive motor neurons of the spinal cord,interacting with SHC1 transduction adaptor protein,potentially
    involved in peripheral nerve repair

    Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 2.7.10.11 2 EC 2.7.102

    miRNA
    Products:            		miRTarBase miRNAs that target RET:
    hsa-mir-29a (MIRT005908), hsa-mir-31 (MIRT004969)

    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): RET
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat RET
    8/37 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate RET (see all 37):
    hsa-miR-136 hsa-miR-128 hsa-miR-449a hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-570 hsa-miR-23a hsa-miR-3163 hsa-miR-4324
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: RET 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for RET (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: RET
    OriGene siRNA: RET
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat RET

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for RET

    Clone
    Products:             		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RET (see all 7)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RET (see all 2)
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): RET (NM_020975)
    Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for RET
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat RET 

    Cell Line
    Products:             		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for RET
    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for RET

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for RET

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004713protein tyrosine kinase activity TAS7824936
    GO:0004714transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity IEA--
    GO:0004872receptor activity TAS7824936
    GO:0005509calcium ion binding IDA11445581
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI--


    RET for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    2 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for RET:
     Increased colony dispersion (i  Increased mitotic index 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for RET: Rettm1.1Ddg Rettm1Cos Rettm1.1Kln Rettm1.2Pern Rettm13.1Jmi
         15/18 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 40 alleles) (MGI details for Ret) (see all 18):
     behavior/neurological  cardiovascular system  cellular  digestive/alimentary  embryogenesis 
     endocrine/exocrine gland  growth/size  homeostasis/metabolism  limbs/digits/tail  mortality/aging 
     muscle  nervous system  no phenotypic analysis  normal  renal/urinary system 

    RET for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for RET gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/10 super-pathways (see all 10) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Development EGFR signaling pathway
    		Development GDNF family signaling0.45
    		Development_GDNF family signaling0.45
    2G-protein signaling K-RAS regulation pathway
    		G-protein signaling_H-RAS regulation pathway0.27
    		G-protein signaling H-RAS regulation pathway0.27
    3Tyrosine Kinases / Adaptors
    		Tyrosine Kinases / Adaptors1.00
    4Neuroscience
    		Neuroscience1.00
    5Sorafenib Pharmacodynamics
    		Sorafenib Pharmacodynamics1.00

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    2 EMD Millipore Pathways for RET
        Development GDNF family signaling
    G-protein signaling H-RAS regulation pathway


    2 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathways for RET
        Neuroscience
    Tyrosine Kinases / Adaptors

    2 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for RET
        G-protein signaling H-RAS regulation pathway
    Development GDNF family signaling

    2 BioSystems Pathways for RET 
        SIDS Susceptibility Pathways
    Signaling events regulated by Ret tyrosine kinase

    1 PharmGKB Pathway for RET
        Sorafenib Pharmacodynamics

    3         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for RET):
        Endocytosis
    Pathways in cancer
    Thyroid cancer


    RET for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for RET

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/83 Interacting proteins for RET (P079492, 3 ENSP000003479424) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 83)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    SHC1P293532, 3, ENSP000004013034MINT-60981 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000401303
    PLCG1P191742, 3, ENSP000002440074MINT-8034153 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000244007
    CBLP226812, 3, ENSP000002640334MINT-50071 MINT-60976 MINT-60969 MINT-50072 MINT-60970 MINT-60968 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000264033
    STAT3P407632, 3, ENSP000002646574MINT-8033149 MINT-8037607 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000264657
    FAUP355442, 3, ENSP000002792594MINT-60966 MINT-60965 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000279259
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/26 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 26):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000165MAPK cascade IEA--
    GO:0001657ureteric bud development IEA--
    GO:0001755neural crest cell migration IEA--
    GO:0001838embryonic epithelial tube formation IEA--
    GO:0006468protein phosphorylation TAS7824936


    RET for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for RET gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    RET for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    EMD Millipore small molecules for RET:
    Small Molecule - inhibitor
    Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for RET

    Browse Tocris compounds for RET

    2 HMDB Compounds for RET    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    ADPadenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)58-64-0--
    Adenosine triphosphate5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)56-65-5--

    2 DrugBank Compounds for RET    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    1-Ter-Butyl-3-P-Tolyl-1h-Pyrazolo[3,4-D]Pyrimidin-4-Ylamine-- --target--10592235
    4-BROMO-2-FLUORO-N-[(4E)-6-METHOXY-7-[(1-METHYLPIPERIDIN-4-YL)METHOXY]QUINAZOLIN-4(1H)-YLIDENE]ANILINE-- --target--10592235

    10/46 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for RET gene (see all 46)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    tyrosine 83.5 488 7678053 (4), 8363602 (4), 11564708 (4), 8114938 (3) (see all 99)
    zd6474 77.5 25 19029224 (4), 18245671 (3), 20225331 (2), 15867345 (2) (see all 13)
    cysteine 58.5 100 16732321 (3), 20119574 (3), 9097963 (3), 12734540 (2) (see all 67)
    succinate 50.8 22 12419172 (1), 17264467 (1), 18334619 (1), 15988378 (1) (see all 17)
    sunitinib 48.7 9 19887470 (2), 19453268 (1), 17505827 (1), 19188185 (1) (see all 8)
    phosphotyrosine 41.1 7 16847065 (2), 8812115 (1), 10728700 (1), 18756447 (1) (see all 5)
    sodium iodide 32.1 1 17391636 (1)
    threonine 30.6 10 9075701 (4), 7559902 (1), 11356339 (1), 11351254 (1) (see all 7)
    methionine 29.6 6 7559902 (1), 11356339 (1), 11351254 (1), 8884827 (1) (see all 6)
    cipa 29.4 4 8957089 (1), 12652644 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about RET 

    Transcripts
    for RET gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for RET gene (4 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_020630.4  NM_020975.4  NM_000323.2  NM_020629.2  

    Unigene Cluster for RET:

    Ret proto-oncogene
    Hs.350321  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_020975
    4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000355710(uc001jal.3) ENST00000498820 ENST00000340058(uc001jak.1 uc010qez.1)
    ENST00000479913

    miRNA
    Products:             		 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): RET
    Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat RET
    8/37 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate RET (see all 37):
    hsa-miR-136 hsa-miR-128 hsa-miR-449a hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-570 hsa-miR-23a hsa-miR-3163 hsa-miR-4324
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: RET 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for RET (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: RET
    OriGene siRNA: RET
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat RET
    Clone
    Products:             		 OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RET (see all 7)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for RET (see all 2)
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): RET (NM_020975)
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for RET
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat RET 
    Primer
    Products:            		 OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for RET
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat RET
      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat RET
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat RET

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB698668.1 AB698669.1 AJ844649.1 AK291807.1 AK294827.1 BC003072.2 BC004257.1 X15262.1 
    Y12528.1 

    9 DOTS entries:

    DT.40222723  DT.121287046  DT.121287035  DT.95362735  DT.97823574  DT.95362738  DT.100783057  DT.100783060 
    DT.100807107 

    24/93 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 93):

    H24996 AA716772 NM_020630 AI167534 AI263439 AI204150 AL514642 BM664772 
    NM_020975 BX376396 AW297789 CD630504 BX283168 BE261669 BX353743 CD630495 
    CD630498 CD630506 BX376397 BE261914 BX283511 CD630494 BF314314 AW628757 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for RET    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11a · 11b ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14a · 14b ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18 ^ 19a · 19b ^ 20
    SP1:                                                                                                                                            -         
    SP2:                                                                                                                                                      
    SP3:                                                  -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -                                                   
    SP4:        -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -                                                                                                   


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for RET

    Expression
    for RET gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    RET expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: --

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    RET expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    10/11 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells (see all 11) 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    KidneyUreteric BudUreteric Bud CellsKidney
    KidneyUreteric BudUreteric Bud Tip CellsKidney
    KidneyWolffian DuctWolffian Duct CellsKidney
    Neural CrestTrunk Neural CrestVagal Neural Crest CellsNeural Crest
    TestisSeminiferous TubulesSpermatogonial Stem CellsGerm Cells, Male Gametocytes
    EyeInner Nuclear LayerMature Horizontal CellsHorizontal, Retina
    EyeInner Nuclear LayernGnG Amacrine CellsAmacrine, Retina
    SomiteThoracic Ventrolateral Dermomyotome LipMuscle Progenitor CellsSkeletal Muscle
    Yolk SacDefinitive Yolk SacDefinitive Hematopoietic Stem CellsBlood
    KidneyRenal VesicleKidney
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 4 LifeMap Cells 
    NameCategory
    mK3 (Cell line)Kidney
    mK4 (Cell line)Kidney
    Renal progenitor cells (Urteric bud-like cells) (Stepwise renal linea...)
    Intermediate mesoderm derivatives (Generation of interm...)

    See RET Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for RET

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.350321
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including RET: 
              Oncogenes & Tumor Suppressor Genes in human mouse rat

    Primer
    Products:    		 OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for RET
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat RET
    QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat RET
    QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat RET
    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for RET

    Orthologs
    for RET gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for RET gene from 5/17 species (see all 17)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves RET1 ret proto-oncogene 66.13(n)
    67.21(a)    		   396107  NM_205190.1  NP_990521.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia RET6
    		 --
    		 60(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 GL343233.1(583056-676285)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)    		 Amphibia ret-A2 ret proto-oncogene 75.55(n)    AF286643.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii ret12 receptor tyrosine kinase 77.47(n)   30512  AF007949.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta tor3 eggshell pattern formation transmembrane
    receptor more    		 49(a)
    (best of 2)    		   43E12   --


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for RET (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for RET (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for RET gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for RET gene
    FLT42  FGFR42  PDGFRB2  CSF1R2  FGFR32  KIT2  PDGFRA2  KDR2  
    FGFR12  FGFR22  FLT32  FLT12  
    18/49 SIMAP similar genes for RET using alignment to 13 protein entries:     RET_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):
    RET proto-oncogene    ret    urf-ret    RET/PTC2    CCDC6-RETa    CCDC6-RETc
    FLT3    FLT4    FLT1    NTRK1    ROR1    IGF1R
    INSR    ABL1    KIT    FGFR1    CD74/ROS fusion    EZR-ROS1

    RET for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for RET gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RET_HUMAN, P07949
    Polymorphism: The Cys-982 polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk for developing Hirschsprung disease


    10/1103 NCBI SNPs in RET are shown (see all 1103)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 10 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs763976621,2
    		C,pathogenic40123894(+) AGACCA/GCGGCT 4 H R mis10--------
    rs767361111,2
    		Cpathogenic40124145(+) TGTGCA/CCCAAC 4 T P mis10--------
    rs758734401,2
    		Cpathogenic40133721(+) GTGGCG/TGCCTG 4 G C mis10--------
    rs775582921,2
    		Cpathogenic40135168(+) GCACCC/TGCAAC 4 R C mis10--------
    rs779394461,2
    		Cpathogenic40135169(+) CACCTA/GCAACT 4 Y C mis10--------
    rs800694581,2
    		Cpathogenic40135176(+) AACTGC/GTTCCC 4 C W mis10--------
    rs762627101,2
    		Cpathogenic40135195(+) AGAAGC/G/TGCTTC 6 R G C mis10--------
    rs797815941,2
    		Cpathogenic40135196(+) GAAGTC/GCTTCT 4 S C mis10--------
    rs773168101,2
    		Cpathogenic40135201(+) GCTTCC/TGCGAG 4 R C mis10--------
    rs775033551,2
    		Cpathogenic40135202(+) CTTCTA/C/G/T 
                CGAGC     		8 Y S C F mis10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for RET (43572475 - 43625799 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for RET: --
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): RET

    Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): RET

    5/10 SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays for RET (see all 10):
    Cosmic IdAA Change
    966p.C634R
    964p.C630R
    1048p.E632_T636>SS
    21338p.E768D
    977p.A883F
    5/6 SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays containing RET (see all 6):
    Tyrosine Kinases & Cell Signaling Pathways Panel 384HT
    Oncogene and Tumor Suppressor Panel 384HT
    Lung and Colon Cancers (Expanded Panel) 384HT   
    Thyroid Cancer
    Cancer Comprehensive Panel 384HT
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing RET
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for RET

    Disorders / Diseases
    for RET gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    RET for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 164761   
    OMIM disorders: 171400  155240  162300  209880  171300  191830  142623  
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RET_HUMAN, P07949
  • Defects in RET may be a cause of colorectal cancer (CRC) [MIM:114500]
  • Defects in RET are a cause of Hirschsprung disease type 1 (HSCR1) [MIM:142623]. HSCR1 is a disorder of neural
    • crest development characterized by the absence of intramural ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses
    of the gastrointestinal tract, often resulting in intestinal obstruction. Total colonic aganglionosis and total
    intestinal Hirschsprung disease also occur. Occasionally, MEN2A or FMTC occur in association with HSCR1
  • Defects in RET are the cause of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) [MIM:155240]. MTC is a rare tumor derived
    • from the C cells of the thyroid. Three hereditary forms are known, that are transmitted in an autosomal dominant
    fashion: (a) multiple neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A), (b) multiple neoplasia type IIB (MEN2B) and (c) familial MTC (FMTC),
    which occurs in 25-30% of MTC cases and where MTC is the only clinical manifestation
  • Defects in RET are the cause of multiple neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) [MIM:162300]. MEN2B is an uncommon
    • inherited cancer syndrome characterized by predisposition to MTC and phaeochromocytoma which is associated with
    marfanoid habitus, mucosal neuromas, skeletal and ophthalmic abnormalities, and ganglioneuromas of the intestine
    tract. Then the disease progresses rapidly with the development of metastatic MTC and a pheochromocytome in 50% of
    cases
  • Defects in RET are a cause of susceptibility to pheochromocytoma (PCC) [MIM:171300]. A catecholamine-producing
    • tumor of chromaffin tissue of the adrenal medulla or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the
    increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine, is hypertension, which may be persistent or intermittent
  • Defects in RET are the cause of multiple neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) [MIM:171400]; also known as multiple
    • neoplasia type 2 (MEN2). MEN2A is the most frequent form of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). It is an inherited cancer
    syndrome characterized by MTC, phaeochromocytoma and/or hyperparathyroidism
  • Defects in RET are a cause of thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC) [MIM:188550]. TPC is a common tumor of the
    • thyroid that typically arises as an irregular, solid or cystic mass from otherwise normal thyroid tissue. Papillary
    carcinomas are malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of
    fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. Note=Chromosomal aberrations
    involving RET are found in thyroid papillary carcinomas. Inversion inv(10)(q11.2;q21) generates the RET/CCDC6 (PTC1)
    oncogene; inversion inv(10)(q11.2;q11.2) generates the RET/NCOA4 (PTC3) oncogene; translocation t(10;14)(q11;q32) with
    GOLGA5 generates the RET/GOLGA5 (PTC5) oncogene; translocation t(8;10)(p21.3;q11.2) with PCM1 generates the PCM1/RET
    fusion; translocation t(6;10)(p21.3;q11.2) with RFP generates the Delta RFP/RET oncogene; translocation
    t(1;10)(p13;q11) with TRIM33 generates the TRIM33/RET (PTC7) oncogene; translocation t(7;10)(q32;q11) with TRIM24/TIF1
    generates the TRIM24/RET (PTC6) oncogene. The PTC5 oncogene has been found in 2 cases of PACT in children exposed to
    radioactive fallout after Chernobyl. A chromosomal aberration involving TRIM27/RFP is found in thyroid papillary
    carcinomas. Translocation t(6;10)(p21.3;q11.2) with RET. The translocation generates TRIM27/RET and delta TRIM27/RET
    oncogenes
  • Defects in RET are a cause of renal adysplasia (RADYS) [MIM:191830]; also known as renal agenesis or renal
    • aplasia. Renal agenesis refers to the absence of one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) kidneys at birth. Bilateral
    renal agenesis belongs to a group of perinatally lethal renal diseases, including severe bilateral renal dysplasia,
    unilateral renal agenesis with contralateral dysplasia and severe obstructive uropathy
  • Defects in RET are a cause of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) [MIM:209880]; also known as
    • congenital failure of autonomic control or Ondine curse. CCHS is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal control of
    respiration in the absence of neuromuscular or lung disease, or an identifiable brain stem lesion. A deficiency in
    autonomic control of respiration results in inadequate or negligible ventilatory and arousal responses to hypercapnia
    and hypoxemia

    20/116 diseases for RET (see all 116):    About MalaCards
    multiple endocrine neoplasia    hirschsprung's disease    thyroid carcinoma    thyroiditis
    carcinoma    von hippel-lindau disease    shah-waardenburg syndrome    central hypoventilation syndrome
    aganglionosis, total intestinal    multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a    intestinal pseudo-obstruction    multiple endocrine neoplasia iia
    multiple endocrine neoplasia iib    alveolar soft part sarcoma    struma ovarii    islet cell tumor
    sudden infant death syndrome    medullary sponge kidney    congenital central hypoventilation syndrome    waardenburg's syndrome

    13 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for RET:
    Thyroid cancer     Hirschsprung's disease     Autosomal dominant disease     Hyperparathyroidism
    Phaeochromocytoma     Paraganglioma     Hemangioma     Carcinoma
    Intestinal obstruction     Renal agenesis     Adenoma     Parathyroid adenoma
    Hypoparathyroidism

    10/94 Novoseek disease relationships for RET gene (see all 94)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    men 2a 98.4 707 8849577 (6), 8556060 (6), 9620546 (5), 17573899 (5) (see all 99)
    thyroid carcinoma medullary 98 409 7627269 (5), 7864888 (3), 12694233 (3), 16451770 (3) (see all 99)
    multiple endocrine neoplasia 98 333 8895732 (2), 9067749 (2), 16343738 (2), 11103773 (2) (see all 99)
    thyroid carcinoma, familial medullary 97.6 140 11502806 (3), 14602786 (3), 10323403 (2), 8829625 (2) (see all 99)
    hirschsprung disease 95 341 9824583 (6), 17108762 (4), 11955539 (4), 9384613 (4) (see all 99)
    men 3 94.5 290 11245446 (8), 9620546 (5), 17573899 (5), 1979053 (4) (see all 99)
    thyroid papillary carcinoma 93 251 8626874 (5), 9589668 (4), 17718263 (4), 10337992 (4) (see all 99)
    pheochromocytoma 91.3 299 8912182 (7), 14739491 (7), 10953992 (5), 9761126 (5) (see all 99)
    germ-line mutation 85.7 62 8895732 (2), 19484261 (2), 9179691 (2), 16419493 (2) (see all 53)
    colonic aganglionosis 80.3 9 17640327 (1), 14715928 (1), 7478601 (1), 18081917 (1) (see all 9)

    GeneTests: RET
    Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2
    Hirschsprung Disease

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): RET
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: RET (139 documents)
    Tumor Gene Database (TGDB): RET

    Export disorders for RET gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for RET gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for RET gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 1580):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with RET)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. A novel case of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A associated with two de novo mutations of the RET protooncogene. (PubMed id 10522989)1, 2, 4, 9 Tessitore A.... Colantuoni V. (1999)
    2. Germ-line mutations in nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma. (PubMed id 12000816)1, 2, 4, 9 Neumann H.P.H.... Eng C. (2002)
    3. TTF-1 and RET promoter SNPs: regulation of RET transcription in Hirschsprung's disease. (PubMed id 15548547)1, 4, 9 Garcia-Barcelo M....Tam P.K. (2005)
    4. Hirschsprung disease in MEN 2A: increased spectrum of RET exon 10 genotypes and strong genotype-phenotype correlation. (PubMed id 9384613)1, 2, 9 Decker R.A.... Watson P. (1998)
    5. RET exon 11 (G691S) polymorphism is significantly more frequent in sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma than in the general population. (PubMed id 15240649)1, 4, 9 Elisei R....Pinchera A. (2004)
    6. Identification of RET autophosphorylation sites by mass spectrometry. (PubMed id 14711813)1, 2, 9 Kawamoto Y.... Nakashima I. (2004)
    7. Two distinct mutations of the RET receptor causing Hirschsprung's disease impair the binding of signalling effectors to a multifunctional docking site. (PubMed id 10484767)1, 2, 9 Geneste O.... Billaud M. (1999)
    8. Renal aplasia in humans is associated with RET mutations. (PubMed id 18252215)1, 2, 9 Skinner M.A....Freemerman A.J. (2008)
    9. Sorafenib functions to potently suppress RET tyrosine kinase activity by direct enzymatic inhibition and promoting RET lysosomal degradation independent of proteasomal targeting. (PubMed id 17664273)1, 2, 9 Plaza-Menacho I....Isacke C.M. (2007)
    10. Tyrosines 1015 and 1062 are in vivo autophosphorylation sites in ret and ret-derived oncoproteins. (PubMed id 11061555)1, 2, 9 Salvatore D.... Santoro M. (2000)

    External Searches for RET gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing RET gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 5979 HGNC: 9967 AceView: RET Ensembl:ENSG00000165731 euGenes: HUgn5979
    ECgene: RET Kegg: 5979 H-InvDB: RET

    Other Databases showing RET gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing RET gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for RET Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for RET Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    GeneReviewshttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/RET
    MEN2 RET databasehttp://www.arup.utah.edu/database/MEN2/MEN2_welcome.php

    Intellectual Property
    for RET gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for RET gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving RET

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    Products
    for RET gene

    (Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
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    About This Section

     Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
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