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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

RARS2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 57
GCID: GC06M088281

arginyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial

(Previous name: arginyl-tRNA synthetase-like )
(Previous symbol: RARSL)
 Explore 10 diseases affiliated with
RARS2 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for RARS2
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Arginyl-TRNA Synthetase 2, Mitochondrial1 2     MGC149931
RARSL1 2 3 5     MGC237781
DALRD21 2     Arginyl-TRNA Synthetase-Like1
PRO19921 2     Arginine--TRNA Ligase2
DJ382I10.61     Arginine-TRNA Ligase2
ArgRS2 3     Probable Arginine--TRNA Ligase, Mitochondrial2
EC 6.1.1.193 8     Probable Arginyl-TRNA Synthetase, Mitochondrial2
PCH62 5     Arginyl-TRNA Synthetase3

External Ids:    HGNC: 214061   Entrez Gene: 570382   Ensembl: ENSG000001462827   OMIM: 6115245   UniProtKB: Q5T1603   

Export aliases for RARS2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifer: GC06M085440


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for RARS2:
The protein encoded by this gene is an arginyl-tRNA synthetase that is found in the mitochondrial matrix. Defects in
this gene are a cause of pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6 (PCH6). (provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008)




(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000006.11  NC_018917.1  NT_007299.13  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the RARS2 gene promoter:
         HOXA9B   HOXA9   TBP   Meis-1b   MEF-2A   POU2F1a   TFIID   aMEF-2   En-1   Meis-1   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidRARS2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for RARS2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat RARS2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6q16.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  6q15   HGNC cytogenetic band: 6q16.1

RARS2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
RARS2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 6         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06M088281:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
88,224,096 bp from pter      End:
88,299,735 bp from pter
Size:
75,640 bases      Orientation:
minus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SYRM_HUMAN, Q5T160 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Probable arginine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial precursor  
Size: 578 amino acids; 65505 Da
Subcellular location: Mitochondrion matrix (By similarity)
Secondary accessions: B2RDT7 Q96FU5 Q9H8K8

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for RARS2: NX_Q5T160

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q5T160

  • 4/15 DME Specific Peptides for RARS2 (Q5T160) (see all 15)
     TRDLAAA  RMLQNMA  HVGHLRST  RSDGTSLY 

    RARS2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_064716.2  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000358549   ENSP00000389656  
    Reactome Protein details: Q5T160
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    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for RARS2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005737cytoplasm ----
    GO:0005739mitochondrion ----
    GO:0005759mitochondrial matrix TAS--


    RARS2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    RARS2 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/7 InterPro domains/families (see all 7):
     IPR015945 Arg-tRNA-synth_Ia_core
     IPR005148 Arg-tRNA-synth_N
     IPR001412 aa-tRNA-synth_I_CS
     IPR008909 DALR_anticod-bd
     IPR001278 Arg-tRNA-ligase_Ia

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q5T160

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q5T160

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SYRM_HUMAN, Q5T160
    Similarity: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SYRM_HUMAN, Q5T160
    Catalytic activity: ATP + L-arginine + tRNA(Arg) = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNA(Arg)

    Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 6.1.1.191 2

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    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004814arginine-tRNA ligase activity IEA--
    GO:0005524ATP binding IEA--


    RARS2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for RARS2:
     Decreased viability with pacli 

    Animal Models:
         1 MGI mutant phenotype (inferred from 1 allele(MGI details for Rars2):
     mortality/aging 

    RARS2 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1tRNA Aminoacylation
    tRNA Aminoacylation1.00
    Mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation0.50
    Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis0.54
    2Generic Transcription Pathway
    Gene Expression0.46

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways


    3        Reactome Pathways for RARS2
        tRNA Aminoacylation
    Gene Expression
    Mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation


    1         Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for RARS2):
        Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis


    RARS2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for RARS2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see more details)

    5/265 Interacting proteins for RARS2 (Q5T1602, 3 ENSP000003585494) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 265)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    TRMT10CQ7L0Y32, 3, ENSP000003123564MINT-8079030 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000312356
    CLPXO760312, 3MINT-8079030 I2D: score=1 
    KARSQ150462, 3MINT-8079030 I2D: score=1 
    OATP041812, 3MINT-8079030 I2D: score=1 
    PSMD12O002323, ENSP000003484424I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000348442
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006418tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation TAS--
    GO:0006420arginyl-tRNA aminoacylation IEA--
    GO:0010467gene expression TAS--


    RARS2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section
    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for RARS2

    5 HMDB Compounds for RARS2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    Adenosine monophosphate5'-AMP (see all 28)61-19-8--
    Adenosine triphosphate5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)56-65-5--
    L-Arginine(S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]pentanoate (see all 14)74-79-3--
    Phosphoric acidacide phosphorique (FRENCH) (see all 20)7664-38-2--
    Pyrophosphate(4-)Diphosphoric acid ion (see all 10)14000-31-8--
    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about RARS2 / SYRM 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for RARS2 gene: 
    NM_020320.3  

    Unigene Cluster for RARS2:

    Arginyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial
    Hs.485910  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: AK093934
    4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000369536(uc003pmc.3 uc003pme.3 uc003pmf.3) ENST00000493269
    ENST00000497828 ENST00000451155

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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AF143874.1 AK023550.1 AK093934.1 AK315669.1 BC010420.1 BC022341.1 BC105784.1 

    20 DOTS entries:

    DT.455491  DT.95329979  DT.100825858  DT.121392382  DT.91996260  DT.95364039  DT.100028827  DT.95329995 
    DT.454126  DT.91769331  DT.97763016  DT.95329980  DT.91769327  DT.95258725  DT.121392419  DT.121392449 
    DT.97844764  DT.121392422  DT.40237685  DT.99994401 

    24/227 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 227):

    CB998328 BM451065 BG152400 BQ050531 R57981 CD358779 BE389090 AI872382 
    F09944 F03069 NM_020320 CB153132 F04460 CR611793 CA445185 BI771027 
    AW874284 BI759563 BI772417 BE276280 BG335165 CA425644 CA415020 BC022341 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/11 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for RARS2 (see all 11)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c · 1d · 1e ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11a · 11b ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14a · 14b ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18 ^ 19 ^ 20a ·
    SP1:                                                        -                 -                                                                             -   
    SP2:                                -     -     -           -                 -           -     -                                                           -   
    SP3:                                -     -     -           -                 -                                                                                 
    SP4:                                -     -     -           -                 -                                                                                 
    SP5:                                -     -     -     -     -                 -           -     -     -                                                         

    ExUns: 20b ^ 21 ^ 22 ^ 23 ^ 24 ^ 25
    SP1:                                    
    SP2:                                    
    SP3:                                    
    SP4:                                    
    SP5:                                    


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for RARS2

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    RARS2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: GCTTCAATTA

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image
    See RARS2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for RARS2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.485910
        SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for RARS2
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    In Situ
    Assay Products:
     

     
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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals and fungi.

    Orthologs for RARS2 gene from 7/31 species (see all 31)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves RARS21 arginyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial 72.97(n)
    73.96(a)
      421823  XM_419847.2  XP_419847.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia RARS26
    --
    70(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    1(176326227-176357166)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)
    Amphibia BU900430.12   -- 72.64(n)    BU900430.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii zgc637022 hypothetical protein MGC63702 72.07(n)   393589  BC056803.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)
    Insecta CG100921 CG10092 48.36(n)
    39.87(a)
      40929  NM_141488.2  NP_649745.3 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)
    Secernentea rars-26
    aRginyl aa-tRNA syntheTase family member (rrt-2)
    27(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    II(6125530-6127917)
    baker's yeast
    (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
    Saccharomycetes (YDR341C)4
    YDR341C1
    Arginyl-tRNA synthetase, proposed to be cytoplasmic more4
    hypothetical protein1
    49.74(n)1
    43.11(a)1
      4(1153626-1151803)4
    8519421, 4  NP_010628.31  NP_010628.14 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for RARS2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for RARS2 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for RARS2 gene
    RARS2  
    14 SIMAP similar genes for RARS2 using alignment to 2 protein entries:     SYRM_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    RARSL    ZNF74    AURA2    UTY    LINC00596    ZNF564
    SHANK2    NF2    DNAPTP3    FAM175A    FAM3A    MED15
    RNF216    GLT8D2

    RARS2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/1655 NCBI SNPs in RARS2 are shown (see all 1655    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 6 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs1391346691,2
    --88223685(+) ATAAAG/TACTGA 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs175042091,2
    C,F,H,--88223716(+) TAATAC/TAGATT 1 -- ds500114Minor allele frequency- T:0.06NA NS EA CSA WA 926
    rs1440314531,2
    --88223819(+) GAGGTC/TGGGAG 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs356790381,2
    C,F,--88223828(+) AGTGCG/AAGACC 1 -- ds50013Minor allele frequency- A:0.50NA CSA 6
    rs357063991,2
    --88223890(+) CTGGCA/GTGATG 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1421778711,2
    --88223942(+) GAGAAC/TTGCTT 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1882083291,2
    --88223990(+) CACCAC/TTGCAC 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs46153531,2
    C,--88224016(+) AAGAGT/CGAAAC 1 -- ds50012Minor allele frequency- C:0.33WA CSA 3
    rs58780331,2
    C--88224030(+) ATCTC-/AAAAAA 1 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- A:0.00NA 2
    rs801346621,2
    F,--88224076(+) GGCATC/ATCAGA 1 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- A:0.03WA 118

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for RARS2 (88224096 - 88299735 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 3 variations for RARS2
         1 CNV: 99619
         2 Indels: 62542 47176
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): RARS2

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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    RARS2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 611524   
    OMIM disorders: 611523  
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: SYRM_HUMAN, Q5T160
  • Defects in RARS2 are the cause of pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6 (PCH6) [MIM:611523]; also known as fatal
  • infantile encephalopathy with mitochondrial respiratory chain defects. Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) is a
    heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by an abnormally small cerebellum and brainstem

    10 diseases for RARS2:    About MalaCards
    pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6    pontocerebellar hypoplasia    mitochondrial encephalomyopathy    alpers syndrome
    optic atrophy    encephalomyopathy    microcephaly    pneumonia
    tuberculosis    mycobacterium tuberculosis

    2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for RARS2:
    Microcephaly     Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: RARS2 (1 document)

    Export disorders for RARS2 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for RARS2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 12):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with RARS2)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Deleterious mutation in the mitochondrial arginyl-transfer RNA synthetase gene is associated with pontocerebellar hypoplasia. (PubMed id 17847012)1, 2, 3 Edvardson S.... Elpeleg O. (2007)
    2. Toward the full set of human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: characterization of AspRS and TyrRS. (PubMed id 15779907)1, 2 Bonnefond L....Sissler M. (2005)
    3. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    4. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
    5. The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. (PubMed id 14574404)1, 2 Mungall A.J.... Beck S. (2003)
    6. Further delineation of pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6 due to mutations in the gene encoding mitochondrial arginyl-tRNA synthetase, RARS2. (PubMed id 22086604)1 Glamuzina E....Grunewald S. (2012)
    7. Initial characterization of the human central proteome. (PubMed id 21269460)2 Burkard T.R.... Colinge J. (2011)
    8. A proteome-wide, quantitative survey of in vivo ubiqui tylation sites reveals widespread regulatory roles. (PubMed id 21890473)1 Wagner S.A....Choudhary C. (2011)
    9. Genetic variants in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gen es influence AIDS progression. (PubMed id 20877624)1 Hendrickson S.L....O'Brien S.J. (2010)
    10. Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry. (PubMed id 17353931)1 Ewing R.M.... Figeys D. (2007)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 57038 HGNC: 21406 AceView: RARSL Ensembl:ENSG00000146282 euGenes: HUgn57038
    ECgene: RARS2 Kegg: 57038 H-InvDB: RARS2

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for RARS2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for RARS2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving RARS2

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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    GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 19 Mar 2013 - Incrementals: 21 Mar 2013 , 15 Apr 2013 , 26 Apr 2013

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