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Aliases & Descriptions for PYGB
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc
, and/or 7Ensembl,
8miRBase) About This Section
|
| Aliases |
|---|
| EC 2.4.1.1 3 | | MGC9213 2 | | OTTHUMP00000030488 2 |
| | | Descriptions |
|---|
| brain glycogen phosphorylase 2 | | glycogen phosphorylase B 2 | | phosphorylase, glycogen; brain 2 |
|
| | Search outside databases for aliases for PYGB genePrevious GC identifers: GC20P025216 GC20P025223 |
Summaries for PYGB(According to Entrez Gene,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
| EntrezGene summary for PYGB: The protein encoded by this gene is a glycogen phosphorylase found predominantly in the brain. The encoded protein forms homodimers which can associate into homotetramers, the enzymatically active form of glycogen phosphorylase. The activity of this enzyme is positively regulated by AMP and negatively regulated by ATP, ADP, and glucose-6-phosphate. This enzyme catalyzes the rate-determining step in glycogen degradation. [provided by RefSeq] UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PYGB_HUMAN, P11216Function: Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties |
Genomic Location for PYGB
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC and
Ensembl,
Transcription factor binding sites according to
SABiosciences) About This Section
| Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the PYGB gene 
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 20p11.2-p11.1 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 20p11.21 HGNC chromosome: 20PYGB Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
 GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 20 GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC20P025176:
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
|
25,176,706 bp from pter |
End:
|
25,226,648 bp from pter |
Size:
|
49,943 bases |
Orientation:
|
plus strand |
RefSeq DNA sequence:- NC_000020.9 NT_011387.8
| Proteins for PYGB
(According to
1UniProtKB,
and/or Ensembl,
Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from Invitrogen,
Millipore,
Sigma-Aldrich,
R&D Systems,
Enzo Life Sciences,
Abnova,
OriGene and/or,
Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by
Invitrogen,
Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by Invitrogen,
Millipore,
Sigma-Aldrich,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Abcam,
Abnova, and/or
Novus Biologicals)
About This Section
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PYGB_HUMAN, P11216 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form Size: 843 amino acids; 96696 Da
Cofactor: Pyridoxal phosphate
Subunit: Homodimer. Dimers associate into a tetramer to form the enzymatically active phosphorylase A
Secondary accessions: Q96AK1 Q9NPX8Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylation of Ser-15 converts phosphorylase B (unphosphorylated) to phosphorylase A1
View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite2
REFSEQ proteins: NP_002853.2
ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000216962 ENSP00000365780
Human Recombinant Proteins Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells 
1 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component term (links to tree view): About this table
Antibodies for PYGB: Assays for PYGB: | Protein
Domains/ Families for PYGB(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
| - Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P11216
ProtoNet protein and cluster: P11216 1 Blocks protein family: IPB000811 Glycosyl transferase
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PYGB_HUMAN, P11216Similarity: Belongs to the glycogen phosphorylase family | Gene Function for PYGB
(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB,
IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from
OriGene,
Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from
Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products,
Clones, and
Q-PCR Products
from Invitrogen,
Millipore,
OriGene, and/or
Abnova,
siRNAs from
Applied Biosystems,
SYBR primers from OriGene,
Cell-based Assays from Millipore,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|               OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_002862
Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for PYGB
Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for PYGB  Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for PYGB  Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs 
              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002862                                  Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002862                                  untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002862 
Primers: Browse
Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers               OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_002862
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PYGB_HUMAN, P11216Function: Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural propertiesCatalytic activity: (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n) + phosphate = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n-1) + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphateEnzyme regulation: Activity of phosphorylase is controlled both by allosteric means (through the non-covalent binding of metabolites) and by covalent modification. Thus AMP allosterically activates, whereas ATP, ADP, and glucose-6-phosphate allosterically inhibit, phosphorylase BEnzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 2.4.1.1 Genatlas biochemistry entry for PYGB:phosphorylase,glycogen catabolism,brain3 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view): | GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|
| GO:0008184 | glycogen phosphorylase activity |
NAS | 3346228 | | GO:0016757 | transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups |
IEA | -- | | GO:0030170 | pyridoxal phosphate binding |
IEA | -- | About this table | Pathways & Interactions for PYGB
(Pathways according to Invitrogen
(maps by GeneGo),
Millipore,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Sigma-Aldrich,
KEGG
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Proteins Network according to
SABiosciences,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT, and/or
3STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|
2 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for PYGB (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity) 
5/30 Interacting proteins for PYGB (ENSP000002169623) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 30
)About this table
2 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view): | GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|
| GO:0005975 | carbohydrate metabolic process |
IEA | -- | | GO:0005980 | glycogen catabolic process |
NAS | 3346228 | About this table
|
Drugs & Compounds for PYGB(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Novoseek and Drugs according to
Enzo Life Sciences and/or
PharmGKB)
About This Section
|  | Sigma-Aldrich Small Molecules for PYGB: Inhibitor |
Browse Tocris compounds for PYGB 10/13 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PYGB gene (see all 13
)
| Compound |
Score |
Articles |
PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences) |
| 1-glcnac |
94.32 |
2 |
16616506 (1) |
| heptulose-2-p |
92.48 |
1 |
7987213 (1) |
| glycogen |
88.05 |
101 |
7744850 (5), 1459992 (4), 9583890 (3), 9792273 (2) (see all 69) |
| galactose-1-phosphate |
78.39 |
3 |
15299833 (1), 8948464 (1), 7987213 (1) |
| pyranose |
59.00 |
1 |
9568898 (1) |
| thermolysin |
58.66 |
3 |
11784144 (1), 15481990 (1), 12213058 (1) |
| hydrogen |
40.46 |
1 |
9711498 (1) |
| glucose |
33.60 |
7 |
15299833 (1), 11886794 (1), 8057302 (1), 8180201 (1) (see all 6) |
| glucose 6-phosphate |
32.71 |
1 |
8331662 (1) |
| adp |
17.17 |
1 |
8250871 (1) |
About this table
|
Transcripts for PYGB(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank, RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
non coding RNAs according to
RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen,
Millipore, and/or
Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems,
Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from
Sigma-Aldrich,
OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene, Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems) About This Section
|               OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_002862
Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for PYGB  Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for PYGB  Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs 
Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: NM_002862 REFSEQ mRNAs for PYGB gene: NM_002862.3
Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays: NM_002862               OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002862                                  Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002862                                  untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002862  Additional cDNA sequence: AB209080.1 AF432222.1 AK299697.1 AK309036.1 BC017045.2 BC030795.2 BC113105.1 BC113106.1 CR609882.1 J03544.1 U47025.1 Z36853.1 24/28 DOTS entries (see all 28
): DT.100815386 DT.450117 DT.100815395 DT.100747245 DT.100815382 DT.120832388 DT.120832288 DT.100810220 DT.100815393 DT.91744532 DT.120832377 DT.450116 DT.91763628 DT.100815389 DT.91936184 DT.92345604 DT.100697009 DT.100699697 DT.100747248 DT.100815397 DT.120832340 DT.91922003 DT.95105546 DT.95278098 24/555 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 555
):BG033441 BM980763 BC017045 AF432222 BQ084148 CD518408 NM_002862 BQ433140 AI868699 BQ955038 H72006 H40900 BM700321 CD743231 CA416506 BQ955182 BU182767 BQ876761 BQ958442 BM784716 BU156170 BC030795 BE869606 AI420362
highest scoring ESTs for PYGB:U47025 AA209502 AA209516 AA300643 AA306840 AA315841 AA326607 AA336995 AA349658 AA418137 Unigene Cluster for PYGB: Phosphorylase, glycogen; brain Hs.368157 [show with all ESTs]Unigene Representative Sequence: BC017045
GeneLoc Exon Structure
2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations: ENST00000216962
ENST00000376595
|
Expression for PYGB
(Experimental results according to
1GeneNote
and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to
2GeneAnnot ,
3GeneTide ,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Electronic Northern calculations according to data from
UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens),
SAGE tags according to
CGAP,
plus additional links to
SOURCE, and/or
GNF
BioGPS, and/or
EXPOLDB, and/or
UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from
Applied Biosystems
)
About This Section
| PYGB expression in normal and diseased human tissues
Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for PYGB
1 / 2 / 3 4 probe-sets matching PYGB gene Data from
(Publications) and GNF BioGPS About these images About these images
CGAP SAGE TAG: CTGGATCTGG
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.368157
Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for PYGB |
Orthologs for PYGB
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
and/or
5MGI Jun 06 2009,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section
|
Orthologs for PYGB gene from 5/19 species (see all 19
)
About this table Species with no ortholog for PYGB
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PYGB | Paralogs for PYGB(Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org) About This Section
| Paralogs for PYGB gene
- PYGL2 PYGM2
|
SNPs/Variants for PYGB(According to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE, and
UniProtKB,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Genotyping Reagents from
Applied Biosystems)
About This Section
|
HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for PYGB (up to first 250kb)
|
Disorders & Mutations for PYGB
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to
OMIM, UniProtKB,
Novoseek, PharmGKB,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
HGMD, GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
BCGD,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
OMIM: 138550
4 Novoseek disease relationships for PYGB gene
About this table
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: PYGB (2 documents)
|
Medical News for PYGB(Possibly Related Articles in
Doctor's Guide)
About This Section
| -- |
Publications for PYGB (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Novoseek,
2HGNC,
3Entrez Gene,
4UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
5UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
6GAD, and/or
7PharmGKB)
About This Section
| 10/81 PubMed articles for PYGB gene (see all 81
):- Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. (PubMed id 17081983)3, 4 Olsen J.V....Mann M. (2006)
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)3, 4 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
- Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. (PubMed id 12665801)3, 4 Gevaert K.... Vandekerckhove J. (2003)
- The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. (PubMed id 11780052)3, 4 Deloukas P....Rogers J. (2001)
- Human brain glycogen phosphorylase: characterization of fetal cDNA and genomic sequences. (PubMed id 2615594)3, 4 Gelinas R.P.... Gorin F.A. (1989)
- Human brain glycogen phosphorylase. Cloning, sequence analysis, chromosomal mapping, tissue expression, and comparison with the human liver and muscle isozymes. (PubMed id 3346228)3, 4 Newgard C.B....Fletterick R.J. (1988)
- Expression of brain-type glycogen phosphorylase is a potentially novel early biomarker in the carcinogenesis of human colorectal carcinomas. (PubMed id 10638593)1, 3 Tashima S....Ogawa M. (2000)
- Nuclear localization of brain-type glycogen phosphorylase in some gastrointestinal carcinoma. (PubMed id 9792273)1, 3 Uno K....Ogawa M. (1998)
- Clinicopathological significance of BGP expression in non-small-cell lung carcinoma: relationship with histological type, microvessel density and patients' survival. (PubMed id 17393985)1, 3 Lee M.K....Sol M.Y. (2006)
- Primate rod and cone photoreceptors may differ in glucose accessibility. (PubMed id 7775103)1, 3 Nihira M....Burns M.S. (1995)
|
Search for PYGB
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf) About This Section
|
|
Genome Databases showing PYGB
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
| Other Databases showing PYGB
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| -- |
Specialized Databases showing PYGB(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL, Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) About This Section
|
| About This Section
| --
| Services for PYGB(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell
Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience) About This Section
| 
 Products for PYGB:

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