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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

PTGS2 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 71
GCID: GC01M186640

prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H...

Explore 359 diseases affiliated with
PTGS2 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 (Prostaglandin G/H Synthase And Cyclooxygenase)¹ ²		PGG/HS²
COX2¹ ² ³		PHS-2²
Prostaglandin H2 Synthase 2² ³		Cyclooxygenase 2b²
COX-2² ³		HCox-2¹
PGHS-2² ³		Prostaglandin G/H Synthase 2²
PGH Synthase 2² ³		Cyclooxygenase-2³
PHS II² ³		Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2³
EC 1.14.99.1³ ⁸		EC 1.14.99⁸
GRIPGHS²

External Ids:	HGNC: 9605¹	Entrez Gene: 5743²	Ensembl: ENSG00000073756⁷	OMIM: 600262⁵	UniProtKB: P35354³

Export aliases for PTGS2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC01M184166 GC01M182068 GC01M183160 GC01M183879 GC01M183372 GC01M184907 GC01M157875

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for PTGS2:

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin

biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. There are two isozymes of PTGS: a constitutive PTGS1

and an inducible PTGS2, which differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. This gene encodes the

inducible isozyme. It is regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the

prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis. (provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGH2_HUMAN, P35354

Function: Mediates the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonate. May have a role as a major mediator of

inflammation and/or a role for prostanoid signaling in activity-dependent plasticity

summary for PTGS2:

Cyclooxygenase (also known as COX, Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase, Prostaglandin G/H synthase) is

expressed in cells in three isoforms: COX-1, COX-2 and COX-3. COX-1 (constitutive) and COX-2 (inducible)

isoforms catalyze the rate-limiting step of prostaglandin production and are the targets of non-steroidal

anti-inflammatory drugs. COX-3 does not appear to be involved in inflammatory processes, but seems to be

involved in pain and fever. COX-3 is thought to be derived through the retention of the highly structured G

+ C-rich intron 1 of the COX-1 gene.

Gene Wiki entry for PTGS2

PharmGKB "VIP" summary for PTGS2

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000001.10 NC_018912.1 NT_004487.19

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PTGS2 gene promoter:
AP-1 ATF-2 POU6F1 (c2) STAT5A CREB deltaCREB FOXJ2 (long isoform) c-Jun FOXJ2
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 3): PTGS2 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for PTGS2

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PTGS2

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1q25.2-q25.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 1q31.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 1q25.2-q25.3

PTGS2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
PTGS2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 1 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01M186640: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	186,640,923 bp from pter	End:	186,649,559 bp from pter
Size:	8,637 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGH2_HUMAN, P35354 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 precursor

Size: 604 amino acids; 68996 Da

Cofactor: Binds 1 heme B (iron-protoporphyrin IX) group per subunit (By similarity)

Subunit: Homodimer (By similarity)

Subcellular location: Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral

membrane protein

Miscellaneous: This enzyme acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase

Miscellaneous: This enzyme is the target of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin

1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for PTGS2:

1V0X (3D)

Secondary accessions: A8K802 Q16876

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PTGS2: NX_P35354

Post-translational modifications:

S-nitrosylation by NOS2 (iNOS) activates enzyme activity. S-nitrosylation may take place on different Cys residues in

addition to Cys-561¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P35354

4/30 DME Specific Peptides for PTGS2 (P35354) (see all 30)

LYHWHPL

ASIDQSR

IINTASI

LGHGVDL

PTGS2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_000954.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000356438 ENSP00000454130

Reactome Protein details: P35354
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: PTGS2 OriGene Custom Protein Services for PTGS2
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for PTGS2
	Novus Biologicals PTGS2 Proteins Novus Biologicals PTGS2 Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Uscn Proteins for PTGS2

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/8 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 8): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005634	nucleus	ISS	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	ISS	--
GO:0005788	endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS	--
GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA	--
GO:0005792	microsome	--	--

PTGS2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

PTGS2 Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of PTGS2
	R&D Systems Antibodies for PTGS2 (COX-2)
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for PTGS2 (COX-2)
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 3): PTGS2 OriGene Custom Antibody Services for PTGS2
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for PTGS2
	Novus Biologicals PTGS2 Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for PTGS2
	Uscn Antibodies for PTGS2
	ThermoFisher Antibodies for PTGS2

Assay Products for PTGS2:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	R&D Systems ELISAs for PTGS2 (COX-2) (see all)
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for PTGS2
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Sandwich ELISA Kits for PTGS2 (COX-2)
	Enzo Life Sciences assays for PTGS2
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for PTGS2

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

PTGS2 for domains About GeneDecksing

4 InterPro domains/families:

IPR000742 EG-like_dom

IPR010255 Haem_peroxidase

IPR019791 Haem_peroxidase_animal_subgr

IPR002007 Haem_peroxidase_animal

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P35354

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P35354

3 Blocks protein families:

IPB002007 Animal haem peroxidase signature

IPB006210 Type I EGF

IPB010255 Haem peroxidase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGH2_HUMAN, P35354

Similarity: Belongs to the prostaglandin G/H synthase family

Similarity: Contains 1 EGF-like domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGH2_HUMAN, P35354

Function: Mediates the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonate. May have a role as a major mediator of

inflammation and/or a role for prostanoid signaling in activity-dependent plasticity

Catalytic activity: Arachidonate + AH(2) + 2 O(2) = prostaglandin H(2) + A + H(2)O

Biophysicochemical properties: Kinetic parameters: KM=16.2 uM for arachidonate (in absence of sodium nitroprusside NO

donor); KM=17.0 uM for arachidonate (in presence of sodium nitroprusside NO donor); Vmax=81.3 nmol/min/mg enzyme (in

absence of sodium nitroprusside NO donor); Vmax=132 nmol/min/mg enzyme (in absence of sodium nitroprusside NO donor);

Induction: By cytokines and mitogens

Genatlas biochemistry entry for PTGS2:

prostaglandin G/H synthase 2,mitogen and cytokine inducible form (lipocalin family,Kernel group),monomer,potent

mediator of inflammation,playing a minor role in colorectal carcinogenesis,overexpressed in squamous cell carcinoma of

the head and neck,putatively involved in the tumor tissue response to necrosis

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 1.14.99.1¹ ² EC 1.14.99²

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target PTGS2: hsa-mir-101 (MIRT004297), hsa-let-7b (MIRT001603), hsa-mir-16 (MIRT001426), hsa-mir-26b (MIRT004659)

		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: PTGS2 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat PTGS2
		8/23 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate PTGS2 (see all 23):
		hsa-miR-4291 hsa-miR-576-3p hsa-miR-624* hsa-miR-1297 hsa-miR-144 hsa-miR-629* hsa-miR-558 hsa-miR-1827

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: PTGS2 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PTGS2 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: PTGS2 OriGene siRNA: PTGS2
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PTGS2

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for PTGS2

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PTGS2 (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PTGS2 (see all 2) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: PTGS2 (NM_000963)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for PTGS2
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PTGS2

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for PTGS2
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for PTGS2

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PTGS2

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004601	peroxidase activity	NAS	14511332
GO:0004666	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity	IDA	1380156
GO:0005515	protein binding	--	--
GO:0008289	lipid binding	IEA	--
GO:0016702	oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen	IEA	--

PTGS2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:
     Mouse knock-outs for PTGS2: Ptgs2^tm1Unc Ptgs2^{tm2(Ptgs1)Fun} Ptgs2^tm3Fun Ptgs2^tm1Jed
     15/25 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 13 alleles) (MGI details for Ptgs2) (see all 25):

adipose tissue	behavior/neurological	cardiovascular system	cellular	digestive/alimentary
embryogenesis	endocrine/exocrine gland	growth/size	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism
immune system	integument	liver/biliary system	mortality/aging	muscle

PTGS2 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/39 super-pathways (see all 39) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Arachidonic acid metabolism

Arachidonic acid metabolism	1.00	HETE and HPETE biosynthesis and metabolism	0.39
Arachidonic acid metabolism	0.42	Eicosanoid Synthesis	0.31
HETE and HPETE biosynthesis and metabolism	0.39

Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)

	Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)	1.00			Prostaglandin 2 biosynthesis and metabolism FM	0.44
	prostanoid biosynthesis	0.50			Prostaglandin 2 biosynthesis and metabolism FM	0.44

PEDF Induced Signaling

	MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation	0.73			all-trans-Retinoic Acid Signaling in Brain	0.59
	MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells	0.71			Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway	0.44

Metabolism

	Metabolism	1.00			Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins	0.34
	Metabolic pathways	0.38

Immune response_IL-1 signaling pathway

Immune response_IL-1 signaling pathway

1.00

Immune response IL-1 signaling pathway

0.98

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

5/9 EMD Millipore Pathways for PTGS2 (see all 9)

	Development HGF signaling pathway
	Prostaglandin 2 biosynthesis and metabolism FM
	Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation
	Immune response MIF in innate immunity response
	HETE and HPETE biosynthesis and metabolism

5/13 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for PTGS2 (see all 13)

	MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells
	Neuropathic Pain-Signaling in Dorsal Horn Neurons
	HGF Pathway
	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway
	Colorectal Cancer Metastasis

3 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathways for PTGS2

	Angiogenesis
	Neuroscience
	NF-kappaB Signaling

5/10 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for PTGS2 (see all 10)

	HETE and HPETE biosynthesis and metabolism
	Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation
	Immune response MIF in innate immunity response
	Development VEGF signaling via VEGFR2 - generic cascades
	Transcription PPAR Pathway

5/11 BioSystems Pathways for PTGS2 (see all 11)

	Eicosanoid Synthesis
	Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
	Prostaglandin Synthesis and Regulation
	Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
	Selenium Pathway

5 Reactome Pathways for PTGS2

	Metabolism
	Arachidonic acid metabolism
	Synthesis of 15-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives
	Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)
	Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins

4 PharmGKB Pathways for PTGS2

	Acetaminophen Pathway, Pharmacokinetics
	Celecoxib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics
	Etoposide Pathway, Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics
	Pathway_PA165986194 -need delete

5/6 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for PTGS2) (see all 6):

	Arachidonic acid metabolism
	Metabolic pathways
	VEGF signaling pathway
	Leishmaniasis
	Pathways in cancer

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGH2_HUMAN, P35354

Pathway: Lipid metabolism; prostaglandin biosynthesis

PTGS2 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PTGS2

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/79 Interacting proteins for PTGS2 (P35354³ ENSP00000356438⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 79)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
TP53	P04637³, ENSP00000269305⁴	I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000269305
CAV1	Q03135³, ENSP00000339191⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000339191
COPS3	Q9UNS2³, ENSP00000268717⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000268717
COPS5	Q92905³, ENSP00000350512⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000350512
CUL1	Q13616³, ENSP00000326804⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000326804

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/63 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 63): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001516	prostaglandin biosynthetic process	NAS	--
GO:0001525	angiogenesis	IEA	--
GO:0006692	prostanoid metabolic process	--	--
GO:0006693	prostaglandin metabolic process	TAS	9630216
GO:0006805	xenobiotic metabolic process	TAS	--

PTGS2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

PTGS2 for compounds About GeneDecksing

EMD Millipore small molecules for PTGS2:
Small Molecule - inhibitor

Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for PTGS2

Compounds for PTGS2 available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
DuP 697	Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor	[88149-94-4]
Nimesulide	Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor	[51803-78-2]
Celecoxib	Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor	[169590-42-5]
NS 398	Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor	[123653-11-2]
Valdecoxib	Selective and potent COX-2 inhibitor	[181695-72-7]

10/16 HMDB Compounds for PTGS2 (see all 16) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
11R-HEPE	11(R)-hydroxyeicosa-5Z,8Z,12E,14Z,17Z-pentaenoate (see all 2)	--	--
Acetaminophen	4'-Hydroxyacetanilide (see all 629)	103-90-2	--
Arachidonic acid	5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid (see all 16)	506-32-1	--
Aspirin	2-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid (see all 59)	50-78-2	--
Celecoxib	Celebrex (see all 3)	169590-42-5	--
Heme	(protoporphyrinato)iron (see all 19)	14875-96-8	--
Ibuprofen	alpha-(4-Isobutylphenyl)propionate (see all 9)	15687-27-1	--
Iron	Armco iron (see all 19)	7439-89-6	--
Naproxen	(+)-(S)-Naproxen (see all 49)	22204-53-1	--
Oxygen	Oxygen (see all 5)	7782-44-7	--

67 DrugBank Compounds for PTGS2 (see first 10) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Rofecoxib	MK 966 (see all 2)	162011-90-7	target	inhibitor	10566562 20724158 10555907 10693877 11752352 18922570 20166930 11398914 10643177 10580458
Flurbiprofen	FLP (see all 5)	5104-49-4	target	inhibitor	19066416 17562170 10091674 10773011 10977131 11006278 11405284
Valdecoxib	--	181695-72-7	target	inhibitor	11060833 12564662 12167567 10715145 11752352 12644588 15494548
Acetylsalicylic acid	2-Acetoxybenzenecarboxylic acid (see all 24)	50-78-2	target	inhibitor	17033106 17301265 17258197 11752352 17037745 17181859
Antrafenine	--	55300-30-6	target	inhibitor	17604186 17612049 17607546 11752352 17532719 17521299
Bismuth Subsalicylate	Bismuth (see all 6)	14882-18-9	target	inhibitor	5284360 15070163 15106733 15348270 15035793 15199473
Carprofen	2-(6-Chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl)propanoic acid (see all 6)	53716-49-7	target	inhibitor	15198222 11703020 10895904 17181139 15939622 11752352
Celecoxib	--	169590-42-5	target	inhibitor	12055598 12093311 12104042 11752352 12086402 12086292
Diflunisal	--	22494-42-4	target	inhibitor	8737748 11673972 10825891 11752352 11315375 12852483
Etodolac	--	41340-25-4	target	inhibitor	15198222 11009046 11752352 12824918 10594327 11275997
Etoricoxib	--	202409-33-4	target	inhibitor	17164136 17139284 17573128 11752352 17691997 17016423
Ibuprofen	Ibuprophen (see all 3)	15687-27-1	target	inhibitor	15494133 15556152 14510637 11752352 12852704 15481334
Icosapent	Eicosapentaenoic acid (see all 4)	10417-94-4	target	inhibitor	12562875 17459764 20463020 12573452 16141635 16190133
Ketoprofen	--	22071-15-4	target	inhibitor	15198222 11729362 11814865 10895904 11752352 14513718
Lumiracoxib	--	220991-20-8	target	inhibitor	15655513 15177307 14552704 11752352 14965322 15017615
Mefenamic acid	Acide Mefenamique (see all 7)	61-68-7	target	inhibitor	7832763 9626023 11752352 15792781 17150210 10393680
Meloxicam	--	71125-38-7	target	inhibitor	10381057 11752352 10381787 10340919 10567199 10220944
Nabumetone	Nabumetona (see all 2)	42924-53-8	target	inhibitor	15456329 7615202 11304699 12047490 11752352 11153163
Naproxen	--	22204-53-1	target	inhibitor	17604186 17612049 17607546 11752352 17532719 17521299
Oxaprozin	Oxaprozina [INN-Spanish] (see all 3)	21256-18-8	target	inhibitor	19952416 17024689 19338579 12065695 9831331 9650852
Piroxicam	--	36322-90-4	target	inhibitor	10381057 11952155 11752352 11785774 11153163 15464832
Salicyclic acid	2-Carboxyphenol (see all 10)	69-72-7	target	inhibitor	5284360 15070163 15106733 15348270 15035793 15199473
Tenoxicam	--	59804-37-4	target	inhibitor	9152412 16245223 11563332 11752352 15756931 15943176
Thalidomide	alpha-phthalimidoglutarimide (see all 5)	50-35-1	target	antagonist	15892618 15446566 12710892 15598423 15982930
Thalidomide	alpha-phthalimidoglutarimide (see all 5)	50-35-1	enzyme	substrate	15892618 15446566 12710892 15598423 15982930 19515014
Tolmetin	Tolmetin Sodium (see all 5)	26171-23-3	target	inhibitor	14613550 17391279 9253954 10465690 11752352 15458776
Aminosalicylic Acid	4-aminosalicylic acid (see all 10)	65-49-6	target	inhibitor	12463455 12208114 16855178 9256165 14742690
Antipyrine	Acetasol (see all 14)	60-80-0	target	inhibitor	17175104 11695253 17884974 17322116 11752352
Balsalazide	Balsalazida [Spanish] (see all 4)	80573-04-2	target	inhibitor	17139284 17016423 19743890 17981262 12950415
Diclofenac	Diclofenac Acid (see all 4)	15307-86-5	target	inhibitor	12705061 12534640 12925531 12852704 12588370
Indomethacin	IMN (see all 9)	53-86-1	target	inhibitor	15667901 15770365 15730717 15831440 15668944
Ketorolac	Ketoralac (see all 4)	66635-83-4	target	inhibitor	15102535 14568028 14568029 12446609 12110513
Magnesium salicylate	--	--	target	inhibitor	15070163 15106733 15348270 15035793 15199473
Meclofenamic acid	Acide meclofenamique [INN-French] (see all 6)	644-62-2	target	inhibitor	15198222 16290292 12409963 7825862 10639181
Mesalazine	5-aminosalicylate (see all 4)	89-57-6	target	inhibitor	12463455 12208114 16855178 9256165 14742690
Salicylate-sodium	--	--	target	inhibitor	15070163 15106733 15035793 15199473 17259377
Sulfasalazine	Sulfasalazin (see all 2)	599-79-1	target	inhibitor	12463455 12208114 16855178 9256165 14742690
Sulindac	--	38194-50-2	target	inhibitor	10485483 10657949 11078056 11118042 10372826
Trisalicylate-choline	--	--	target	inhibitor	17033106 14680616 17258197 17037745 17181859
Acetaminophen	Acetaminofen (see all 5)	103-90-2	target	inhibitor	17175104 17884974 17322116 11752352
Bromfenac	--	91714-94-2	target	inhibitor	16982289 12016548 16846546
Bromfenac	--	91714-94-2	enzyme	inhibitor	16982289 12016548 16846546 19668566
Lornoxicam	Acabel (see all 12)	70374-39-9	target	inhibitor	10450786 11846620 20399943 17516707
Phenylbutazone	--	50-33-9	target	inhibitor	12213119 15939622 11752352 15489888
Salsalate	salicylsalicylic acid (see all 3)	552-94-3	target	inhibitor	10452868 9711054 16808554 12901032
Tiaprofenic acid	2-(5-Benzyl-2-thienyl)propionsaeure (see all 6)	33005-95-7	target	inhibitor	17139284 2277128 11752352 17016423
gamma-Homolinolenic acid	(8E,11E,14E)-8,11,14-Icosatrienoic acid (see all 7)	1783-84-2	target	--	15990700 11121413 11939906 16190133
Ginseng	--	50647-08-0	target	inhibitor	15778128 15753395 17436372
Heme	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
Niflumic Acid	2-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)aminonicotinic acid (see all 13)	4394-00-7	target	inhibitor	17098211 17485303 16301791
Suprofen	Suprofene [INN-French] (see all 2)	40828-46-4	target	inhibitor	17139284 17016423 11885959
Lenalidomide	CC-5013 (see all 3)	191732-72-6	target	negative modulator	12720152 15598423
Nimesulide	--	51803-78-2	target	inhibitor	11752352 16846549
1-Phenylsulfonamide-3-Trifluoromethyl-5-Parabromophenylpyrazole	--	--	target	--	10592235
Bumetanide	Bumetanida [INN-Spanish] (see all 2)	28395-03-1	enzyme	inducer	10974021
Chlorphenesin	alpha-Glyceryl ether (see all 7)	104-29-0	enzyme	inhibitor	15242808
Cisplatin	Cis-DDP (see all 4)	15663-27-1	enzyme	inhibitor	21272267
Clodronate	--	10596-23-3	enzyme	inhibitor	16861295
Dapsone	Acedapsone (see all 29)	80-08-0	enzyme	substrate	19515014
Desmopressin	1-Desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (see all 4)	16679-58-6	enzyme	inducer	15644490
Drospirenone	6β,7β,15β,16β-dimethylene-3-oxo-17α-pregn-4-ene-21,17 carbolactone (see all 4)	67392-87-4	enzyme	inhibitor	20063991
Fenoprofen	Feneprofen calcium salt dihydrate (see all 3)	34597-40-5	target	inhibitor	17050798
Flufenamic Acid	--	530-78-9	target	--	7864817
Nepafenac	--	78281-72-8	target	inhibitor	10850857
Nonoxynol-9	--	26571-11-9	enzyme	inducer	21241401
Prostaglandin G2	--	--	target	--	10592235
Resveratrol	(E)-5-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)-1,3-benzenediol (see all 9)	501-36-0	target	inhibitor	11752352
Risedronate	NE-58095 (see all 3)	105462-24-6	enzyme	inducer	20738860
Tetrahydrobiopterin	5,6,7,8 Tetrahydrobiopterin (see all 3)	17528-72-2	enzyme	inducer	17560944

10/117 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PTGS2 gene (see all 117) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
celecoxib	97	1888	18230053 (7), 18766003 (7), 15014359 (6), 16230415 (6) (see all 99)
rofecoxib	96	933	20110006 (10), 10411562 (6), 17620346 (5), 17636557 (4) (see all 99)
pge2	94.8	3923	18727513 (9), 19452719 (9), 12493746 (8), 16585602 (7) (see all 99)
prostaglandin	92.7	1317	10735591 (5), 10692251 (4), 9016346 (4), 8063757 (3) (see all 99)
ns 398	92.2	312	14630280 (5), 15703831 (4), 15382039 (4), 19956533 (4) (see all 99)
valdecoxib	91.6	196	15494548 (6), 17605893 (3), 18171312 (3), 17429597 (3) (see all 99)
etoricoxib	89.3	163	11160644 (5), 12817520 (4), 15827069 (3), 19392653 (3) (see all 99)
arachidonic acid	88.4	747	9373167 (6), 9461572 (5), 9973312 (4), 9031736 (4) (see all 99)
nimesulide	88.3	372	18333314 (5), 18288985 (5), 19152549 (4), 14977856 (4) (see all 99)
meloxicam	87.8	275	16245223 (4), 12911075 (3), 19078323 (3), 10812057 (3) (see all 99)

3 PharmGKB related drug/compound annotations for PTGS2 gene

Drug/compound	PharmGKB Annotation
aspirin	CA
ibuprofen	CA
rofecoxib	CA

About this table

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about PTGS2 / PGH2

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for PTGS2 gene:

NM_000963.2

Unigene Cluster for PTGS2:

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase)

Hs.196384 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000963

5 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000367468(uc001gsb.3 uc009wyo.3) ENST00000490885 ENST00000559627

ENST00000466691 ENST00000559800

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		hsa-miR-4291 hsa-miR-576-3p hsa-miR-624* hsa-miR-1297 hsa-miR-144 hsa-miR-629* hsa-miR-558 hsa-miR-1827

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: PTGS2 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
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Additional cDNA sequence:

AJ634912.1 AK292167.1 AY151286.1 AY462100.1 BC013734.1 HM473188.1 L15326.1 M90100.1

3 DOTS entries:

DT.413375 DT.91935010 DT.121406567

24/101 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 101):

AL710813 AJ634912 CK823042 BP335244 BG152882 BQ722004 AY462100 BM978796

CB143773 CK823043 D58162 BG236304 BQ100700 AA296431 BC013734 CB960307

BQ100978 CD365731 AA644211 BP337788 BX363285 BI335813 CA436148 CA445948

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PTGS2 About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	·	1c	·	1d	^	2	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5a	·	5b	^	6	^	7	^	8	^	9a	·	9b	^	10a	·	10b
SP1:																											-
SP2:																	-										-
SP3:																											-
SP4:
SP5:

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for PTGS2

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

PTGS2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: CTGTTCCTTT

About this image

PTGS2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

3 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Ovary

Antral Follicle

Cumulus Cells

Ovary

Antral Follicle

Mural Granulosa Cells

Ovary

Heart

Myocardium

Cardiac Fibroblasts

Epicardium

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 3 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

PureStem™ progenitor E44 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

PureStem™ progenitor F15 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

Fetal cardiomyocytes (20 weeks) (Primary Cell)

Heart, Myocardium

See PTGS2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for PTGS2

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.196384

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including PTGS2 (see all 25):

Lung Cancer in human mouse rat

Wound Healing in human mouse rat

Inflammasomes in human mouse rat

Prostate Cancer in human mouse rat

Drug Metabolism: Phase I Enzymes in human mouse rat

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In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PTGS2

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for PTGS2 gene from 4/16 species (see all 16) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	PTGS2¹	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin more	77.61(n) 81.76(a)		396451 NM_001167719.1 NP_001161191.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	PTGS2⁶	--	78(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343203.1(2256804-2267500)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	Xl.33329²	Xenopus laevis transcribed sequence with moderate similarity more	75.65(n)		CA988090.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	ptgs2²	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	75.55(n)		246227 AY028585.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PTGS2 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for PTGS2 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for PTGS2 gene

PTGS1²

2 SIMAP similar genes for PTGS2 using alignment to 3 protein entries: PGH2_HUMAN (see all proteins):

COX-2 PTGS1

PTGS2 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 1 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs4648310^1,2	C,F,H,	--	157875293(-)	`cctctA/Gtcctt`	1	--	ds500¹		22		NS EA NA	2134
rs4648309^1,2	C,F,	--	157875382(-)	`GGGGGC/GACAAA`	1	--	ds500¹		1		NS	180
rs4648307^1,2	C,F,A,H	--	157875471(-)	`GATGGA/AA /C/GCAAACA`	1	--	ds500¹		21		NS EA NA WA	2180
rs4648305^1,2	C,F,	--	157875590(-)	`ATGAAA/-TGGTT`	1	--	ds500¹		1		NS	180
rs4648304^1,2	C,F,H,	--	157875621(-)	`CCTACC/TTATTC`	1	--	ds500¹		14		NS EA NA WA	1514
rs191788711^1,2	C,	--	157875925(+)	`TACAAG/TCATAT`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs4648303^1,2	C,F,H,	--	157875966(-)	`TTTTAC/TGTTTA`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		10		NS EA NA	1344
rs689467^1,2	C,F,	--	157876041(-)	`AAAATT/GTTCTT`	1	--	ut3¹		5		NS NA	388
rs183201650^1,2	C,	--	157876086(+)	`TCAGCA/GTTTGA`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs4648301^1,2	C,F,H,	--	157876126(-)	`ATATTC/TTGTGT`	1	--	ut3¹		14		NS EA NA WA	1822

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for PTGS2 (186640923 - 186649559 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for PTGS2: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): PTGS2

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PTGS2

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for PTGS2

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

PTGS2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 600262    OMIM disorders: --

20/359 diseases for PTGS2 (see all 359):    About MalaCards

estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer familial adenomatous polyposis attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis b-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma

toxic epidermal necrolysis stevens-johnson syndrome peutz-jeghers syndrome bowenoid papulosis

end stage renal failure uterine carcinosarcoma non-hodgkin lymphoma cystoid macular edema

squamous cell carcinoma bile duct cysts recurrent respiratory papillomatosis hemophilic arthropathy

dna topoisomerase ii patent ductus arteriosus central nervous system lymphoma fibrous histiocytoma

20/22 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for PTGS2 (see all 22):

Colorectal cancer Arthritis Carcinoma Vascular disease

Familial adenomatous polyposis Gastrointestinal system disease Adenoma Lung cancer

Pain agnosia Breast cancer Brain disease Esophageal cancer

Myocardial infarction Prostate cancer Skin cancer Alzheimer's disease

Urinary bladder cancer Endometriosis Kidney disease Pancreatic cancer

10/98 Novoseek disease relationships for PTGS2 gene (see all 98) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
inflammation	82.3	1159	16580899 (5), 11437671 (4), 10414396 (4), 12669881 (4) (see all 99)
colon cancer	78.8	585	19437564 (7), 12432918 (6), 20046424 (5), 18320325 (5) (see all 99)
osteoarthritis	78.6	261	15974939 (4), 10560596 (3), 19602530 (3), 19807303 (3) (see all 99)
tumors	76.5	3567	15200266 (8), 20192574 (8), 19329856 (7), 16139560 (7) (see all 99)
colorectal cancer	76.2	748	19671325 (9), 16324362 (7), 16551850 (7), 19132985 (6) (see all 99)
gastrointestinal complications	75.5	50	15475342 (3), 19947799 (2), 15190384 (2), 17552414 (2) (see all 33)
cancer	75	1766	16124396 (6), 12692419 (6), 17428102 (5), 16007171 (5) (see all 99)
familial adenomatous polyposis	72.3	128	14581346 (3), 10874062 (3), 16622748 (2), 11495083 (2) (see all 86)
gastrointestinal ulcers	71.7	19	17611980 (1), 12208114 (1), 18356636 (1), 11961974 (1) (see all 14)
rheumatoid arthritis	69.3	196	15974939 (3), 18261308 (3), 11087881 (2), 15775145 (2) (see all 99)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): PTGS2
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PTGS2 (284 documents)

Export disorders for PTGS2 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for PTGS2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 6603):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PTGS2)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Human cyclooxygenase-2 cDNA. (PubMed id 1380156)^{1, 2, 3} Hla T. and Neilson K. (1992)
Characterization of the human gene (PTGS2) encoding prostaglandin- endoperoxide synthase 2. (PubMed id 8181472)^{1, 2, 9} Kosaka T.... Tanabe T. (1994)
Polymorphisms in prostaglandin synthase 2/cyclooxygenase 2 (PTGS2/COX2) and risk of colorectal cancer. (PubMed id 15173859)^{1, 4, 9} Cox D.G....Moreno V. (2004)
A common polymorphism in the 3'UTR of cyclooxygenase 2/prostaglandin synthase 2 gene and risk of lung cancer in a Chinese population. (PubMed id 15777967)^{1, 4, 9} Hu Z....Shen H. (2005)
COX-2 gene promoter haplotypes and prostate cancer risk. (PubMed id 14754878)^{1, 4, 9} Panguluri R.C....Kittles R.A. (2004)
Resistance exercise and cyclooxygenase (COX) expression in human skeletal muscle: implications for COX-inhibiting drugs and protein synthesis. (PubMed id 17322116)^{1, 7, 9} Weinheimer E.M....Trappe T.A. (2007)
The cyclooxygenase 2 -765 C promoter allele is a protective factor for Alzheimer's disease. (PubMed id 16309832)^{1, 4, 9} Abdullah L....Mullan M. (2006)
Genetic polymorphisms in the cyclooxygenase-2 gene, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and breast cancer risk. (PubMed id 17181859)^{1, 7, 9} Shen J....Santella R.M. (2006)
Polymorphism in the nuclear factor kappa-B binding promoter region of cyclooxygenase-2 is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. (PubMed id 15596291)^{1, 4, 9} Kang S....Lee H.P. (2005)
Colorectal adenoma risk is modified by the interplay between polymorphisms in arachidonic acid pathway genes and fish consumption. (PubMed id 15550453)^{1, 4, 9} Siezen C.L....Kampman E. (2005)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 5743	HGNC: 9605	AceView: PTGS2	Ensembl:ENSG00000073756	euGenes: HUgn5743
ECgene: PTGS2	Kegg: 5743	H-InvDB: PTGS2

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for PTGS2	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for PTGS2	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
NIEHS-SNPs	http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/ptgs2/
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/ptgs2/

Intellectual Property for PTGS2 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for PTGS2 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving PTGS2

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics
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	OriGene Antibodies for PTGS2		OriGene shRNA RFP for PTGS2
	OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PTGS2		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for PTGS2
	OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for PTGS2		Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	OriGene siRNA for PTGS2		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone for PTGS2
	OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PTGS2		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PTGS2
	Browse OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector		Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
	Browse OriGene basic RS shRNAs		Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells		OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
	OriGene Custom Antibody Services for PTGS2		OriGene Custom Protein Services for PTGS2
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development

	QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of in human, mouse, rat PTGS2
	QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PTGS2
	QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PTGS2
	QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PTGS2
	QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PTGS2
	QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat PTGS2

	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for PTGS2		GenScript cDNA clones with any tag delivered in your preferred vector for PTGS2
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for PTGS2		GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for PTGS2
	GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for PTGS2		CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
	Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector		Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection
	Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11		Plasmid Preparation
	Custom Peptide Services

Antibodies & Assays for PTGS2 (COX-2)

	Regulatory tfbs in PTGS2 promoter
	Search Chromatin IP Primers for PTGS2
	RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat PTGS2
	GNC Network for PTGS2
	SABiosciences PCR Arrays including human, mouse, rat PTGS2

Tocris compounds for PTGS2

	Browse Sino Biological Proteins and Antibodies
	Browse Sino Biological cDNA Clones
	Antibodies/Proteins Production Services
	Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody Platform
	Bulk Purchasing

	Assays/Drugs for PTGS2
	Search www.enzolifesciences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

	Novus Tissue Slides
	PTGS2 antibodies
	PTGS2 proteins
	PTGS2 lysates

	Antibodies for PTGS2
	See all of Abcam's Antibodies, Kits and Proteins for PTGS2
	Custom Antibody / Protein Production Service
	Bulk Purchasing
	Advantages of Rabbit Monoclonal antibodies
	Abcam protocols and scientific support

Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins

PTGS2 Proteins, Antibodies, CLIAs, and ELISAs

Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for PTGS2

	Gene Synthesis
	Protein Engineering
	Variant Library Synthesis
	Codon Optimization
	Protein Production and Purification

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PTGS2

	SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids for PTGS2
	SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids for PTGS2

ThermoFisher Antibodies for PTGS2

Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PTGS2

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 19 Mar 2013 - Incrementals: 21 Mar 2013 , 15 Apr 2013 , 26 Apr 2013

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Category			VWF (GIFTS: 73) von Willebrand factor
GIFtS Group

The GeneCards human gene database gene index: 1 3 5 6 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

The GeneCards Human Gene Database

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center, Department of Molecular Genetics, the Weizmann Institute of Science

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PTGS2 Gene

prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H...

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UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING

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PTGS2 Gene

prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H...

Aliasesfor PTGS2 gene

Summariesfor PTGS2 gene

Genomic Viewsfor PTGS2 gene

Proteinsfor PTGS2 gene

Protein Domains /Familiesfor PTGS2 gene

Functionfor PTGS2 gene

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for PTGS2 gene

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for PTGS2 gene

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for PTGS2 gene

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for PTGS2 gene

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for PTGS2 gene

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for PTGS2 gene

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