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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

PROS1 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 67
GCID: GC03M093591

protein S (alpha)

(Previous symbol: PROS)

Explore 51 diseases affiliated with
PROS1 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Protein S (Alpha)¹ ²		PSA²
PROS¹ ² ³		THPH5²
PS21²		THPH6²
PS22²		Protein Sa²
PS23²		Vitamin K-Dependent Plasma Protein S²
PS24²		Vitamin K-Dependent Protein S²
PS25²		EC 3.4.21⁸

External Ids:	HGNC: 9456¹	Entrez Gene: 5627²	Ensembl: ENSG00000184500⁷	OMIM: 176880⁵	UniProtKB: P07225³

Export aliases for PROS1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC03P090396 GC03M092806 GC03M090130 GC03M094912 GC03M095074 GC03M090954

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for PROS1:

This gene encodes a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein that functions as a cofactor for the anticoagulant protease,

activated protein C (APC) to inhibit blood coagulation. It is found in plasma in both a free, functionally active form

and also in an inactive form complexed with C4b-binding protein. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal dominant

hereditary thrombophilia. An inactive pseudogene of this locus is located at an adjacent region on chromosome 3.

(provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROS_HUMAN, P07225

Function: Anticoagulant plasma protein; it is a cofactor to activated protein C in the degradation of coagulation

factors Va and VIIIa. It helps to prevent coagulation and stimulating fibrinolysis

Gene Wiki entry for PROS1 (Protein S)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000003.11 NC_018914.1 NT_005612.16

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PROS1 gene promoter:
FOXF2 AML1a Sp1 FOXD3 C/EBPalpha PPAR-gamma1 PPAR-gamma2 ATF6
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: PROS1 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for PROS1

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PROS1

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 3q11.2 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 3q11.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 3q11.1

PROS1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
PROS1 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 3 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC03M093591: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	93,591,881 bp from pter	End:	93,692,934 bp from pter
Size:	101,054 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROS_HUMAN, P07225 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Vitamin K-dependent protein S precursor

Size: 676 amino acids; 75123 Da

Subcellular location: Secreted

Sequence caution: Sequence=AAP45054.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;

1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for PROS1:

1Z6C (3D)

Secondary accessions: A8KAC9 D3DN28 Q15518 Q7Z715 Q9UCZ8

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PROS1: NX_P07225

Post-translational modifications:

The iron and 2-oxoglutarate dependent 3-hydroxylation of aspartate and asparagine is (R) stereospecific within EGF

domains (By similarity)¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P07225

2 DME Specific Peptides for PROS1 (P07225)

ERECIEE

GNLEREC

PROS1 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_000304.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000377783 ENSP00000385794 ENSP00000330021 ENSP00000419616

Reactome Protein details: P07225
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
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	Novus Biologicals PROS1 Proteins Novus Biologicals PROS1 Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Uscn Proteins for PROS1

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000139	Golgi membrane	TAS	--
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	--
GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS	--
GO:0005796	Golgi lumen	TAS	--
GO:0031093	platelet alpha granule lumen	TAS	--

PROS1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

PROS1 Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of PROS1
	R&D Systems Antibodies for PROS1 (Protein S/PROS1)
	OriGene Antibodies: PROS1 OriGene Custom Antibody Services for PROS1
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for PROS1
	Novus Biologicals PROS1 Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for PROS1
	Uscn Antibodies for PROS1
	ThermoFisher Antibodies for PROS1

Assay Products for PROS1:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for PROS1
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for PROS1

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

PROS1 for domains About GeneDecksing

5/10 InterPro domains/families (see all 10):

IPR017857 Coagulation_fac_subgr_Gla_dom

IPR000742 EG-like_dom

IPR013320 ConA-like_subgrp

IPR001791 Laminin_G

IPR000152 EGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P07225

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P07225

5/7 Blocks protein families (see all 7):

IPB000152 Aspartic acid and asparagine hydroxylation site

IPB000294 Vitamin K-dependent carboxylation/gamma-carboxyglutamic (GLA) domain

IPB001791 Laminin G

IPB001881 EGF-like calcium-binding

IPB002383 Coagulation factor GLA domain signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROS_HUMAN, P07225

Similarity: Contains 4 EGF-like domains

Similarity: Contains 1 Gla (gamma-carboxy-glutamate) domain

Similarity: Contains 2 laminin G-like domains

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROS_HUMAN, P07225

Function: Anticoagulant plasma protein; it is a cofactor to activated protein C in the degradation of coagulation

factors Va and VIIIa. It helps to prevent coagulation and stimulating fibrinolysis

Genatlas biochemistry entry for PROS1:

protein S,alpha coagulation factor (cofactor of proC),vitamin K-dependent,ligand for TYRO3,AXL family of receptor

tyrosine kinase

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.4.21²

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: PROS1 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat PROS1
		3 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate PROS1:
		hsa-miR-3919 hsa-miR-380 hsa-miR-3682-3p
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: PROS1 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PROS1 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: PROS1 OriGene siRNA: PROS1
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PROS1

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for PROS1

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PROS1 (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PROS1 OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: PROS1 (NM_000313)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for PROS1
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PROS1

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for PROS1
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for PROS1

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PROS1

Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004866	endopeptidase inhibitor activity	TAS	8146182
GO:0005509	calcium ion binding	IEA	--

PROS1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:
     Mouse knock-out Pros1^tm1.1Ansc for PROS1
     8 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Pros1):

cardiovascular system	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism	integument	liver/biliary system
mortality/aging	nervous system	no phenotypic analysis

PROS1 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/13 super-pathways (see all 13) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Gamma-carboxylation, transport, and amino-terminal cleavage of proteins

Gamma-carboxylation, transport, and amino-terminal cleavage of proteins	1.00	Transport of gamma-carboxylated protein precursors from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus	0.73
Removal of aminoterminal propeptides from gamma-carboxylated proteins	0.82	Warfarin Pathway, Pharmacodynamics	0.67
Gamma-carboxylation of protein precursors	0.82

Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation

Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation

1.00

Hemostasis

0.43

Immune System

Immune System

1.00

Innate Immune System

0.46

Platelet degranulation

Platelet degranulation

1.00

Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+

0.94

Blood Coagulation Cascade

Blood Coagulation Cascade

1.00

Intrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway

0.96

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

1 R&D Systems Pathway for PROS1

Blood Coagulation Signaling Pathways

3 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for PROS1

	Extrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway
	Blood Coagulation Cascade
	Intrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway

1 BioSystems Pathway for PROS1

Complement and Coagulation Cascades

5/16 Reactome Pathways for PROS1 (see all 16)

	Removal of aminoterminal propeptides from gamma-carboxylated proteins
	Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+
	PTM: gamma carboxylation, hypusine formation and arylsulfatase activation
	Gamma-carboxylation, transport, and amino-terminal cleavage of proteins
	Platelet degranulation

1 PharmGKB Pathway for PROS1

Warfarin Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

1 Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for PROS1):

Complement and coagulation cascades

PROS1 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PROS1

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 10)

5/10 Interacting proteins for PROS1 (P07225³ ENSP00000377783⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 10)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
F5	P12259³, ENSP00000356771⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000356771
F8	P00451³, ENSP00000353393⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000353393
C4BPA	P04003³, ENSP00000356037⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000356037
F2	P00734³, ENSP00000308541⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000308541
PROC	P04070³, ENSP00000234071⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000234071

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/12 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 12): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0002576	platelet degranulation	TAS	--
GO:0006508	proteolysis	TAS	--
GO:0007596	blood coagulation	TAS	--
GO:0010951	negative regulation of endopeptidase activity	TAS	8146182
GO:0017187	peptidyl-glutamic acid carboxylation	TAS	--

PROS1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

PROS1 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for PROS1

1 HMDB Compound for PROS1 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Menadione	Vitamin K3: 1,4-Dihydro-1,4-dioxo-2-methylnaphthalene (see all 49)	58-27-5	--

3 DrugBank Compounds for PROS1 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Drotrecogin alfa	Anticoagulant protein C (see all 4)	60202-16-6	target	--	1828915 3160800 12062545
Menadione	2-Methyl-1,4-Naphthalenedione (see all 7)	58-27-5	target	activator	8161215 12033454
Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate	Monotetradecylsulfate sodium salt (see all 7)	1191-50-0	target	inhibitor	19442540 1344580

10/29 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PROS1 gene (see all 29) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
estramustine phosphate	72.1	1	10076719 (1)
gamma-carboxyglutamic acid	67	1	10200912 (1)
estramustine	61.1	4	15479494 (2), 17656558 (1)
cpsa	55.9	6	9730463 (1), 15274402 (1)
goserelin	55.4	2	18183354 (1)
docetaxel	37.1	2	20404974 (1), 10076719 (1)
mitoxantrone	35.5	2	10751862 (2)
serine	25.9	8	9492842 (1), 9261179 (1), 10604721 (1), 12746846 (1) (see all 6)
testosterone	21.6	23	8626436 (4), 8537247 (2), 15774238 (2), 19503784 (2) (see all 10)
streptavidin	21.5	3	11114110 (2)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about PROS1 / PROS

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for PROS1 gene:

NM_000313.3

Unigene Cluster for PROS1:

Protein S (alpha)

Hs.64016 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000313

5 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000394236(uc010hoo.3 uc003drb.4) ENST00000407433(uc003dqz.4)

ENST00000348974 ENST00000472684 ENST00000488658

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: PROS1 Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat PROS1
		3 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate PROS1:
		hsa-miR-3919 hsa-miR-380 hsa-miR-3682-3p
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: PROS1 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PROS1 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: PROS1 OriGene siRNA: PROS1
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PROS1

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PROS1 (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PROS1 OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: PROS1 (NM_000313)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for PROS1
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PROS1

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		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat PROS1
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PROS1

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK292994.1 AK303895.1 BC015801.1 M14338.1 M15036.1 X12892.1 Y00692.1

7 DOTS entries:

DT.92431429 DT.40293243 DT.97843414 DT.92431430 DT.120867618 DT.120867637 DT.95072512

24/174 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 174):

AW950240 H79684 H84032 H84031 AA369126 AW772518 AI140233 CA390534

BU620982 BM678370 BU633685 AI088493 BM473027 N36607 CA502740 BF724873

AA424875 AW614607 CB130160 BU740972 BQ004370 BC015801 CA435757 BQ894339

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

PROS1 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: AACTAGTGTC

About this image

PROS1 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

Stem Cell Differentiation: 3 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

PureStem™ mesenchymal Progenitor SK11 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

Adipose, Bone, Cartilage

PureStem™ mesenchymal progenitor MEL2 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

Adipose, Bone, Cartilage

Primitive gut tube-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See PROS1 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for PROS1

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.64016

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROS_HUMAN, P07225

Tissue specificity: Plasma

SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for PROS1

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		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat PROS1
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat PROS1
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PROS1

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PROS1

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for PROS1 gene from 4/11 species (see all 11) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Pros1^{1 , 5}	protein S (alpha)^{1, 5}	82.2(n)¹ 79.82(a)¹		16 (36.43 cM)⁵ 19128¹ NM_011173.2¹ NP_035303.1¹ 62854307⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	PROS1¹	protein S (alpha)	70.55(n) 65.05(a)		418430 XM_416641.3 XP_416641.2
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	PROS1⁶	--	64(a)	1 ↔ 1	3(166360447-166396280)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	pros1¹	protein S (alpha)	54.99(n) 53.3(a)		768180 NM_001077323.1 NP_001070791.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PROS1 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for PROS1 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for PROS1 gene

SHBG² GAS6²

18/48 SIMAP similar genes for PROS1 using alignment to 32 protein entries: PROS_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):

PROC PRRG1 PROC1 F10 F2 PROZ

PRRG3 F9 LTBP4 GAS6 SHBG FBN3

VLDLR DKFZp666G247 FBN1 LTBP1 FBN2 CRB1

PROS1 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

1 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogene for PROS1
PGOHUM00000250250

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 3 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs121918474^1,2	C,	pathogenic	100576284(-)	`CAAATA/GAGAAA`	2	K E	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs121918472^1,2	C,F,	pathogenic	100602780(-)	`ATGTAC/G/TCCAGT`	3	P A S	mis¹		2		NA EU	5856
rs121918476^1,2	C	pathogenic	100604931(-)	`TATATC/G/TGGATA`	3	R G W	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs199469502^1,2	C,	probable-pathogenic	93597939(-)	`GTATT-/GTATT TACCT`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs199469491^1,2	C,	probable-pathogenic	100589090(-)	`AAGAAT/GGAACA`	2	/K /N	mis¹		1		EU	1323
rs5017717^1,2	C,H,	probable-pathogenic	100597215(-)	`GTATAC/TGAAGC`	2	R *	stg¹		6		NS EA NA	410
rs113629635^1,2		--	90958496(+)	`TTATCA/GGTTTG`	1	--	int¹		1		CSA	3
rs73846069^1,2	C,	--	90959291(+)	`CAGCAC/TGTTAT`	1	--	int¹		2		WA	120
rs112977452^1,2		--	90960075(+)	`TCTTGC/TTGTAA`	1	--	int¹		1		CSA	2
rs143966911^1,2	C,	--	90960165(+)	`ATAACA/CCTCAT`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for PROS1 (93591881 - 93692934 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for PROS1: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): PROS1

Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): PROS1

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PROS1

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for PROS1

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

PROS1 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 176880
OMIM disorders: 612336
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROS_HUMAN, P07225

Defects in PROS1 are the cause of thrombophilia due to protein S deficiency, autosomal dominant (THPH5)

[MIM:612336]. A hemostatic disorder characterized by impaired regulation of blood coagulation and a tendency to

recurrent venous thrombosis. However, many adults with heterozygous disease may be asymptomatic. Based on the plasma

levels of total and free PROS1 antigen as well as the serine protease-activated protein C cofactor activity, three

types of PROS1D have been described: type I, characterized by reduced total and free PROS1 antigen levels together

with reduced anticoagulant activity; type III, in which only free PROS1 antigen and PROS1 activity levels are reduced;

and the rare type II which is characterized by normal concentrations of both total and free PROS1 antigen, but low

cofactor activity

Defects in PROS1 are the cause of thrombophilia due to protein S deficiency, autosomal recessive (THPH6)

[MIM:614514]. A very rare and severe hematologic disorder resulting in thrombosis and secondary hemorrhage usually

beginning in early infancy. Some affected individuals develop neonatal purpura fulminans, multifocal thrombosis, or

intracranial hemorrhage

20/51 diseases for PROS1 (see all 51): About MalaCards

thrombophilia deep vein thrombosis vitamin k deficiency hemorrhagic disease thrombophilia due to protein s deficiency

polycythemia vera arterial occlusive disease essential thrombocythemia venous thrombosis

thrombosis liver cirrhosis protein s deficiency pulmonary embolism

systemic lupus erythematosus thrombophlebitis lupus erythematosus polycythemia

breast-ovarian cancer lyme disease prostatitis vein disease

2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for PROS1:

Protein S deficiency Vitamin K deficiency hemorrhagic disease

10/24 Novoseek disease relationships for PROS1 gene (see all 24) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
protein s deficiency	88.9	38	17938802 (3), 16363235 (3), 18322254 (3), 9657428 (2) (see all 25)
prostate cancer	78.1	136	12746846 (6), 8694557 (5), 11744475 (4), 15389786 (4) (see all 59)
prostate carcinoma	45.8	9	11555588 (3), 9105163 (1), 7504042 (1)
chronic prostatitis	44.1	7	17009527 (3), 15978235 (1), 20450358 (1)
prostatitis	38.2	5	20450358 (3), 15389786 (1)
venous thrombosis	37.1	3	20200160 (1), 12529748 (1), 17157360 (1)
cancer	32.3	33	10628358 (2), 18243505 (2), 18272471 (1), 18678846 (1) (see all 25)
deep vein thrombosis	31.4	5	17938802 (2), 18954896 (1), 20022358 (1), 16868938 (1)
prostatic adenocarcinoma	30.5	3	16829479 (1), 16988533 (1)
thrombosis	30.3	7	10706858 (2), 10607700 (1), 11297755 (1), 10790208 (1) (see all 6)

Genatlas disease: PROS1

thrombosis,recurrent (pro-S deficiency),types I with reduced level of antigen and activity,type II with normal antigen

level,reduced activity but excluding most cases of type III

Genetic Association Database (GAD): PROS1
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PROS1 (13 documents)

Export disorders for PROS1 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for PROS1 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 408):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PROS1)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Protein S gene analysis reveals the presence of a cosegregating mutation in most pedigrees with type I but not type III PS deficiency. (PubMed id 10447256)^{1, 2, 9} Espinosa-Parrilla Y.... Sala N. (1999)
Characterization and structural impact of five novel PROS1 mutations in eleven protein S-deficient families. (PubMed id 11776305)^{1, 2, 9} Andersen B.D....Thorsen S. (2001)
Intracerebral mass bleeding in a term neonate: manife station of hereditary protein S deficiency with a new mutation in the PROS1 gen e. (PubMed id 20484936)^{1, 2} Fischer D....Schloesser R.L. (2010)
Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. (PubMed id 16335952)^{1, 2} Liu T.... Smith R.D. (2005)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Four missense mutations identified in the protein S gene of thrombosis patients with protein S deficiency: effects on secretion and anticoagulant activity of protein S. (PubMed id 11927129)^{1, 2} Tsuda H....Hamasaki N. (2002)
Genetic and phenotypic variability between families with hereditary protein S deficiency. (PubMed id 11858485)^{1, 2} Rezende S.M....Simmonds R.E. (2002)
Protein S Tokushima: abnormal molecule with a substitution of Glu for Lys-155 in the second epidermal growth factor-like domain of protein S. (PubMed id 8298131)^{1, 2} Hayashi T.... Suzuki K. (1994)
Protein S and C4b-binding protein: components involved in the regulation of the protein C anticoagulant system. (PubMed id 1833851)^{1, 3} Dahlback B. (1991)
Heerlen polymorphism of protein S, an immunologic polymorphism due to dimorphism of residue 460. (PubMed id 2143091)^{1, 2} Bertina R.M.... Reitsma P.H. (1990)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 5627	HGNC: 9456	AceView: PROS1	Ensembl:ENSG00000184500	euGenes: HUgn5627
ECgene: PROS1	Kegg: 5627	H-InvDB: PROS1

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for PROS1	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
GeneReviews	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/PROS1
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/pros1/

Intellectual Property for PROS1 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for PROS1 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving PROS1

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

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protein S (alpha)

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