Search (homepage)
GeneCards Guide
Suite
- GeneALaCart
- GeneDecks
- GeneIP
- GeneNote
- GeneAnnot
- GeneLoc
- GeneTide
Terms and Conditions
- Terms of Use
- 3rd Party Notice
About Us
Mirror sites
User Feedback

Advanced Search (alpha)

PROC Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 66

GC02P128176

protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa)
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

User Feedback

Aliases & Descriptions
protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa)¹ ²		protein C²
Autoprothrombin IIA² ³		vitamin K-dependent protein C²
Anticoagulant protein C² ³		APC²
Blood coagulation factor XIV² ³		PROC1²
PC² ⁵		EC 3.4.21.69³

External Ids:	HGNC: 9451¹	Entrez Gene: 5624²	Ensembl: ENSG00000115718⁷	UniProtKB: P04070³

Search outside databases for aliases for PROC gene

Previous GC identifers: GC02P125475 GC02P126102 GC02P128080 GC02P128269 GC02P127892

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

User Feedback

Entrez Gene summary for PROC:

This gene encodes a vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein. The encoded protein is cleaved to its activated form by

the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. This activated form contains a serine protease domain and functions in

degradation of the activated forms of coagulation factors V and VIII. Mutations in this gene have been associated with

thrombophilia due to protein C deficiency, neonatal purpura fulminans, and recurrent venous thrombosis.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070

Function: Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease that regulates blood coagulation by inactivating factors

Va and VIIIa in the presence of calcium ions and phospholipids

Gene Wiki entry for PROC (Protein C)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl (release 56), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

User Feedback

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PROC gene upstream (promoter) region

:
CREB Max1 deltaCREB ATF C/EBPalpha Sp1 Bach2 MIF-1 RFX1 NF-E2 p45

Epigenetics:

SABiosciences Methyl-Profiler DNA Methylation qPCR Primer Assays for PROC:

MePH03623-1A

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2q13-q14 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 2q14.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 2q13-q14

PROC Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 2 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC02P128176: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	128,176,003 bp from pter
End:	128,186,822 bp from pter
Size:	10,820 bases
Orientation:	plus strand

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000002.11 NT_022135.16

(According to ¹UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, and/or Sino Biological,
Biochemical Assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 May 2010 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abnova, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, and/or Epitomics)
About This Section

User Feedback

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Vitamin K-dependent protein C precursor

Size: 461 amino acids; 52071 Da

Subunit: Synthesized as a single chain precursor, which is cleaved into a light chain and a heavy chain held together

by a disulfide bond. The enzyme is then activated by thrombin, which cleaves a tetradecapeptide from the amino end of

the heavy chain; this reaction, which occurs at the surface of endothelial cells, is strongly promoted by

thrombomodulin

Miscellaneous: Calcium also binds, with stronger affinity to another site, beyond the GLA domain. This GLA-independent

binding site is necessary for the recognition of the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex

Sequence caution: Sequence=S76088; Type=Erroneous termination; Positions=151; Note=Translated as Cys;

PDB structures from and Proteopedia :

1AUT (3D)

1LQV (3D)

1PCU (3D)

2PCT (3D)

3F6U (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q15189 Q15190 Q16001 Q53S74 Q9UC55

Post-translational modifications:

The vitamin K-dependent, enzymatic carboxylation of some Glu residues allows the modified protein to bind calcium¹

Partial (70%) N-glycosylation of Asn-371 with an atypical N-X-C site produces a higher molecular weight form referred

to as alpha. The lower molecular weight form, not glycosylated at Asn-371, is beta¹

The iron and 2-oxoglutarate dependent 3-hydroxylation of aspartate and asparagine is (R) stereospecific within EGF

domains¹

REFSEQ proteins: NP_000303.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000234071 ENSP00000386679 ENSP00000412697 ENSP00000409543 ENSP00000406295 ENSP00000391220

ENSP00000392606 ENSP00000402329 ENSP00000411241 ENSP00000384225 ENSP00000404030

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Sigma-Aldrich Proteins for PROC
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for PROC (Coagulation Factor XIV/Protein C)
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	HuPro® and/or Recombinant Proteins from Abnova for PROC
	Origene Purified Recombinant Human Protein: PROC
	Novus Biologicals Proteins for PROC
	Novus Biologicals Lysate for PROC
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins

3 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	NAS	14718574
GO:0005615	extracellular space	--	--
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	EXP	2538457

About this table

PROC for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Antibodies for PROC:

	Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of PROC
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for PROC
	R&D Systems Antibodies for PROC (Coagulation Factor XIV/Protein C)
	Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (PROC)
	Browse Origene Antibodies
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PROC
	Browse antibodies at Epitomics

Assays for PROC:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

User Feedback

PROC for domains About GeneDecksing

5/13 InterPro domains/families (see all 13 ):

IPR001314 Peptidase_S1A

IPR000742 EGF_3

IPR000152 EGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site

IPR018097 EGF_Ca_bd_CS

IPR012224 Pept_S1A_FX

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P04070

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P04070

5 Blocks protein families:

IPB000152 Aspartic acid and asparagine hydroxylation site

IPB000294 Vitamin K-dependent carboxylation/gamma-carboxyglutamic (GLA) domain

IPB001254 Serine protease

IPB001314 Chymotrypsin serine protease family (S1) signature

IPB002383 Coagulation factor GLA domain signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070

Similarity: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family

Similarity: Contains 2 EGF-like domains

Similarity: Contains 1 Gla (gamma-carboxy-glutamate) domain

Similarity: Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain

(According to MGI May 08 2010, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Millipore, Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich, Clones from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Sino Biological, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 May 2010 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

User Feedback

Inhib. RNA:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (PROC)
		Origene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector (see all 2): PROC Origene shRNA RFP (see all 2): PROC Origene basic RS shRNA (see all 2): PROC
		Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for PROC
		Sigma-Aldrich siRNA Panels and siRNA for PROC Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for PROC Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Clones:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
		Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich
		Origene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: PROC Origene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: PROC Origene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): PROC
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PROC

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070

Function: Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease that regulates blood coagulation by inactivating factors

Va and VIIIa in the presence of calcium ions and phospholipids

Catalytic activity: Degradation of blood coagulation factors Va and VIIIa

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.4.21.69

Genatlas biochemistry entry for PROC:

protein C,coagulation factor (FVa and FVIIIa inactivator),vitamin K-dependent

5 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0003824	catalytic activity	--	--
GO:0004252	serine-type endopeptidase activity	TAS	15005336
GO:0005509	calcium ion binding	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	15248212
GO:0008233	peptidase activity	IEA	--

About this table

PROC for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Animal Models: 12 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Proc):

behavior/neurological	cardiovascular system	growth/size	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism
immune system	lethality-prenatal/perinatal	life span-post-weaning/aging	liver/biliary system	muscle
nervous system	respiratory system

PROC for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, Applied Biosystems GeneAssist, KEGG and/or UniProtKB, (map by GeneGo),
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 May 2010 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

User Feedback

PROC for pathways About GeneDecksing

1 Millipore Pathway for PROC

Selected targets of HNF1

2 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for PROC (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity)

	Lysine Degradation
	Coagulation System

3 GeneAssist Pathways for PROC

	Extrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway
	Intrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway
	Blood Coagulation Cascade

1 Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for PROC):

hsa04610 Complement and coagulation cascades

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PROC

5/25 Interacting proteins for PROC (ENSP00000234071³ P04070¹) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 25 )

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
MMP15	P51511¹	EBI-1383018,EBI-1383043
FURIN	ENSP00000268171³	STRING: ENSP00000268171
IGHG1	ENSP00000374984³	STRING: ENSP00000374984
CDH1	ENSP00000268794³	STRING: ENSP00000268794
CNGA2	ENSP00000328478³	STRING: ENSP00000328478

About this table

4 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006508	proteolysis	NAS	12052963
GO:0007596	blood coagulation	--	--
GO:0030195	negative regulation of blood coagulation	TAS	15005336
GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptosis	IMP	12563316

About this table

PROC for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

User Feedback

PROC for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse Tocris compounds for PROC
10/130 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PROC gene (see all 130 )

Compound	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
gamma-carboxyglutamic acid	59.29	36	1498334 (6), 8180219 (4), 8505327 (3), 7999756 (3) (see all 20)
fibrinogen	46.47	78	9175686 (2), 19121184 (2), 17184825 (2), 16446693 (2) (see all 68)
delta(1)pyrroline-5-carboxylate	6.63	5	10220161 (2), 8479442 (1), 2188947 (1), 19027071 (1)
fibrinopeptide a	6.52	3	7516205 (2), 7603735 (1)
vitamin k	6.15	12	8684514 (1), 8329570 (1), 8148479 (1), 8104071 (1) (see all 12)
procainamide	5.62	8	12804575 (8)
prinomastat	5.37	3	14515196 (3)
warfarin	5.32	16	6547348 (2), 3775760 (2), 19958090 (2), 12434119 (2) (see all 12)
phospholipid	5.25	24	8505327 (4), 1387359 (4), 9078278 (3), 8679535 (3) (see all 11)
carboxy	4.53	7	15939749 (5), 12853388 (1), 10496930 (1)

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 223 Homo sapiens; Apr 2 2010) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Millipore and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, microRNA from SABiosciences,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

User Feedback

Inhib. RNA:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (PROC)
		Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: NM_000312
		Origene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector (see all 2): PROC Origene shRNA RFP (see all 2): PROC Origene basic RS shRNA (see all 2): PROC
		Sigma-Aldrich siRNA Panels and siRNA for PROC Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for PROC Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

microRNA:

Search SABiosciences for microRNAs that regulate PROC:

Assays:

Applied Biosystems TaqMan® Gene Expression Assays:

NM_000312

Clones:

Origene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: PROC
Origene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: PROC
Origene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): PROC

Primers:		Origene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: PROC
		SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay for PROC: PPH07139A

REFSEQ mRNAs for PROC gene:

NM_000312.3

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK298280.1 BC034377.1 CR606412.1 K02059.1 S50739.1 S72338.1 X02750.1

6 DOTS entries:

DT.312382 DT.99954045 DT.99960945 DT.100751492 DT.91756785 DT.91756787

24/34 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 34 ):

BC034377 AW052154 CB113383 BM975043 CR606412 BU607676 AI671712 BI764225

BV199653 BX107014 CB145461 CB128895 AL531077 R29203 BF237847 CB145040

AA745883 BQ646591 BI762861 K02059 AL531076 AV684946 BI252272 X02750

highest scoring ESTs for PROC:

AA745883 AI021885 AI349475 AL531076 AV656483 AW052154 BC034377 BF237847 BI252272 BI764225

Unigene Cluster for PROC:

Protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa)

Hs.224698 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: X02750

GeneLoc Exon Structure

4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PROC

ExUns:	1	^	2a	·	2b	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5	^	6a	·	6b	^	7a	·	7b	^	8	^	9a	·	9b
SP1:			-								-										-
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:																			-		-		-

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for PROC

13 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:

ENST00000234071 ENST00000409048 ENST00000429925 ENST00000474030 ENST00000422777 ENST00000427769

ENST00000431364 ENST00000419985 ENST00000445407 ENST00000442644 ENST00000464089 ENST00000402125

ENST00000453608

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 223 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems, Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences )
About This Section

User Feedback

PROC expression in normal and diseased human tissues

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for PROC

¹ / ² / ³

3 probe-sets matching PROC gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
39255_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	X02750	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
206259_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	NM_000312	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
206259_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

About this table

PROC for expression About GeneDecksing

Data from Genenote (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images

About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: TAACAAGCAC

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.224698

Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for PROC

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070

Tissue specificity: Plasma; synthesized in the liver

Primers:		Origene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: PROC
		SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay for PROC: PPH07139A

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI May 08 2010, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

User Feedback

Orthologs for PROC gene from 5/9 species (see all 9 )

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	PROC¹	--	protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and more	85.6(n) 80.48(a)	476104 NM_001013849.1 NP_001013871.1
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	PROC¹	--	protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and more	99.64(n) 99.78(a)	459593 XM_515775.2 XP_515775.2
cow (Bos taurus)	PROC¹	--	protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and more	81.91(n) 73.96(a)	281428 XM_585990.3 XP_585990.3
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Proc¹	--	protein C	77.49(n) 69.74(a)	25268 NM_012803.1 NP_036935.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Proc^{1, 5}	18⁵	protein C^{1, 5}	77.85(n)¹ 69.52(a)¹	19123¹ NM_008934.2¹ NP_032960.2¹ AF034569⁵ AF318182⁵ (see all 20)

About this table Species with no ortholog for PROC

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PROC

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

User Feedback

Paralogs for PROC gene

C1S² PAMR1² PROZ² C1R² C1RL² F9² MASP1² F10²

F2² HPR² F7² HP² MASP2²

PROC for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

User Feedback

10/73 NCBI SNPs in PROC are shown (see all 73 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay) (see all 86)

AB	SNP ID	Valid	Chr 2 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Pop	Total sample	More
AB	Genomic Data				Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--			--
	rs2069901^1,2	C,F,A,H	120481907(+)	`CTCTCT/CAGGTG`	1	--	ng5¹		5	NS NA EA WA	302
	rs1799810^1,2	C,F,A,H	120483104(+)	`CGGCGA/TACTTG`	1	--	ut5¹		14	NS EA NA WA	2560
	rs1799808^1,2	C,F,A	120482926(+)	`CTGGAT/CGGCAT`	1	--	ng5¹		15	NS EA NA	2464
	rs2069935^1,2	C,F,H	120481697(+)	`TAGGAG/AGGCCT`	1	--	ng5¹ tfbs³		6	NS EA NA	458
	rs1799809^1,2	C,F,A	120482939(+)	`TTGGTA/GGGCAG`	1	--	ng5¹		11	NS EA NA	680
	rs2069894^1,2	C,F,H	120481118(+)	`GGCGAG/AAAGTT`	1	--	ng5¹		7	NS EA	676
--	rs2069902^1,2	C,F,H	120481927(+)	`TCAGCC/GCCCCT`	1	--	ng5¹		4	NS NA WA	214
	rs2679406^1,2	C,H	120494155(+)	`ATTAGC/TTCTGT`	1	--	ng3¹		4	NA	8
	rs2069895^1,2	C,F	120481132(+)	`GGGGAA/GGGGAA`	1	--	ng5¹ trp³		4	NS NA WA	214
	rs2069900^1,2	C,F	120481840(+)	`GCACCC/TGAAGC`	1	--	ng5¹		7	NS EA WA	548

About this table

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for PROC (up to first 250kb)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for PROC: --

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, LSDB, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

User Feedback

PROC for disorders About GeneDecksing

OMIM: 612283 disorders: 176860 612304

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070

Defects in PROC are the cause of protein C deficiency autosomal dominant (ADPROCD) [MIM:176860]. ADPROCD is a

cause of hereditary thrombophilia, a hemostatic disorder characterized by impaired regulation of blood coagulation and

a tendency to recurrent venous thrombosis. However, many adults with heterozygous disease may be asymptomatic.

Individuals with decreased amounts of protein C are classically referred to as having type I protein C deficiency and

those with normal amounts of a functionally defective protein as having type II deficiency

Defects in PROC are the cause of protein C deficiency autosomal recessive (ARPROCD) [MIM:612304]. ARPROCD

results in a thrombotic condition that can manifest as a severe neonatal disorder or as a milder disorder with

late-onset thrombophilia. The severe form leads to neonatal death through massive neonatal venous thrombosis. Often

associated with ecchymotic skin lesions which can turn necrotic called purpura fulminans, this disorder is very rare

10/235 Novoseek disease relationships for PROC gene (see all 235 )

Disease	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
pc deficiency	100.00	58	11336597 (6), 11302483 (4), 8704244 (3), 9052918 (2) (see all 40)
protein c deficiencies	100.00	63	10942114 (4), 8972002 (3), 9788727 (2), 8607097 (2) (see all 53)
disease; lyme	60.87	56	8039891 (4), 16299277 (3), 12853388 (3), 10967255 (3) (see all 35)
activated protein c resistance	39.82	24	14587054 (6), 10195932 (5), 16547717 (3), 17135722 (2) (see all 10)
thrombophilia	33.62	34	17804900 (4), 15199492 (2), 9241707 (1), 9241706 (1) (see all 30)
fulminans; purpura	33.24	19	7841324 (2), 7841323 (2), 12761614 (2), 11336597 (2) (see all 15)
thrombosis venous	27.68	51	11302483 (4), 19535131 (3), 14567090 (3), 8400292 (2) (see all 38)
spirochete diseases	22.28	15	16299277 (2), 11230121 (2), 8200524 (1), 18479884 (1) (see all 13)
neonatal purpura	21.63	8	7841323 (2), 8607097 (1), 8115990 (1), 7841324 (1) (see all 7)
lupus anticoagulant	20.90	22	14587054 (5), 8735139 (2), 19565645 (2), 19029633 (2) (see all 13)

About this table

Genatlas disease: PROC

thrombosis,recurrent (pro-C type I and type II deficiency)

Human Gene Mutation Database: PROC
Genetic Association Database: PROC
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: PROC (42 documents)

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

User Feedback

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Novoseek, ²HGNC, ³Entrez Gene, ⁴UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁵UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁶GAD, and/or ⁷PharmGKB)
About This Section

User Feedback

10/538 PubMed articles for PROC gene (see all 538 ):

Hereditary thrombophilia: identification of nonsense and missense mutations in the protein C gene. (PubMed id 2437584)^{1, 2, 3, 4} Romeo G....Peschle C. (1987)
The nucleotide sequence of the gene for human protein C. (PubMed id 2991887)^{2, 3, 4} Foster D.C.... Davie E.W. (1985)
R147W mutation of PROC gene is common in venous thrombotic patients in Taiwanese Chinese. (PubMed id 15114590)^{1, 3, 6} Tsay W. and Shen M.C. (2004)
Three novel mutations in the protein C (PROC) gene causing venous thrombosis. (PubMed id 7605880)^{1, 3, 4} Millar D.S.... Cooper D.N. (1995)
A homozygous deletion/insertion mutation in the protein C (PROC) gene causing neonatal Purpura fulminans: prenatal diagnosis in an at-risk pregnancy. (PubMed id 7841323)^{1, 3, 4} Millar D.S.... Cooper D.N. (1994)
A novel homozygous missense mutation (Val 325-->Ala) in the protein C gene causing neonatal purpura fulminans. (PubMed id 7841324)^{1, 3, 4} Witt I.... Schenck W. (1994)
Splice site mutation in the human protein C gene associated with venous thrombosis: demonstration of exon skipping by ectopic transcript analysis. (PubMed id 8400292)^{1, 3, 6} Lind B....Thorsen S. (1993)
A novel homozygous missense mutation in the protein C (PROC) gene causing recurrent venous thrombosis. (PubMed id 1511988)^{1, 3, 4} Grundy C.B.... Cooper D.N. (1992)
Two different missense mutations at Arg 178 of the protein C (PROC) gene causing recurrent venous thrombosis. (PubMed id 1511989)^{1, 3, 4} Grundy C.B.... Cooper D.N. (1992)
The spectrum of genetic defects in a panel of 40 Dutch families with symptomatic protein C deficiency type I: heterogeneity and founder effects. (PubMed id 1868249)^{1, 3, 4} Reitsma P.H.... Bertina R.M. (1991)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

User Feedback

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

User Feedback

Entrez Gene: 5624	HGNC: 9451	AceView: PROC	Ensembl:ENSG00000115718	euGenes: HUgn5624
ECgene: PROC	Kegg: 5624	H-InvDB: PROC

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

User Feedback

(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

User Feedback

Name	Description
Mammary Transgene Database entry for PROC	More genetic and clinical information
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_C
GeneReviews	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/PROC
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/proc/

Intellectual Property for PROC gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from XenneX, Inc.)

About This Section

User Feedback

Patent Information for PROC gene:

Search GeneIP for patents involving PROC

GeneCards and IP:

Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Novus Biologicals,
Epitomics, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, SABiosciences, Millipore, Abnova,
Clones available from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, Sino Biological, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
About This Section

User Feedback

Products for PROC:

TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays

TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays

Free SNP selection tool

	Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	Millipore Immunoassay Services
	Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Predesigned and custom siRNAs for PROC		Antibodies for PROC
	Explore super-pooled esiRNAs		Proteins for PROC
	Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for PROC		Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
	"Your Favorite Gene" Pathways		Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich		feedback

	Antibodies		Primer Pairs
	Cell Culture Products		ELISAs
	Flow Cytometry Kits		Protease Activity Assays & Reagents
	Cell Selection/Detection Kits & Reagents		ELISA/Assay Development Kits & Reagents
	Multiplex/Array Assay Kits & Reagents		ELISpot Kits & Development Modules
	Recombinant & Natural Proteins

	Recombinant Proteins (PROC)
	Antibodies (PROC)
	Chimera RNAi (PROC)
	Custom Service for Mouse Mab
	Custom Service for Rabbit Pab from Full-length Protein

Search for Antibodies & Assays

	Tagged/untagged cDNA clones
	Validated SYBR primer pairs
	Purified proteins from HEK293T cells
	Western blot validated antibodies
	shRNA in GFP-retroviral vector
	Custom immunoassay development

Search Tocris compounds for PROC

	Regulatory tfbs in PROC upstream (promoter) region
	Search Chromatin IP Primers for PROC
	DNA Methylation qPCR Primer Assays for PROC
	RT2 qPCR Primer Assay for PROC
	GNC Network for PROC
	Search for microRNAs that regulate PROC

Search www.enzolifesciences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

	Novus Tissue Slides
	Antibodies for PROC
	Proteins for PROC
	Lysates for PROC

Browse antibodies at Epitomics

	Browse Sino Biological Proteins and Antibodies
	cDNA Clones for PROC
	Antibodies/Proteins Production Services
	Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody Platform
	Bulk Purchasing

User Feedback

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 21 May 2010 - Incremental updates: 24 May 2010 , 20 Jun 2010

View Random Gene

Category			ACSF3 acyl-CoA synthetase family member 3
GIFtS Group

The GeneCards human gene database gene index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

The GeneCards Human Gene Database

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center, Department of Molecular Genetics, the Weizmann Institute of Science

PROC gene at Home site.

hostname: server4.xennexinc.com db build: 72 index build: 72d solr: 1.4

Advanced Search (alpha)

PROC Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 66

Aliases &
Descriptions
for PROC gene

Summaries
for PROC gene

Genomic Views
for PROC gene

Proteins
for PROC gene

Protein Domains/
Families
for PROC gene

Gene Function
for PROC gene

Pathways & Interactions
for PROC gene

Drugs & Compounds
for PROC gene

Transcripts
for PROC gene

Expression
for PROC gene

Orthologs
for PROC gene

Paralogs
for PROC gene

Genomic Variants
for PROC gene

Disorders & Mutations
for PROC gene

Medical News
for PROC gene

Publications
for PROC gene

Search for PROC gene

Genome Databases showing PROC gene

Other Databases showing PROC gene

Specialized Databases showing PROC gene

Intellectual Property
for PROC gene

Services
for PROC gene

View Random Gene

microalbuminuria
pregnancy loss
malformation
thrombotic stroke
biliary disease
VOD
embolism pulmonary
germline mutation
fulminans; purpura
factor v leiden
h pylori infection
fulminant meningococcemia
neurosyphilis
cystic fibrosis
prothrombin gene mutation
major; thalassemia
tumor growth
colitis ulcerative
plasminogen deficiency
c-kit mutation
collagen disease
nonsense mutation
activated protein c resistance
platelet aggregation, spontaneous
primary tumor
acute hemorrhage
gene fusion
beta thalassemia intermedia
crohn colitis
insertion mutation
tumor necrosis
cancer
malignant disease
diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent
necrosis skin
renal thrombosis
disease; liver
falciparum malaria
meningitis
perthes disease
osteonecrosis
cirrhosis (liver)
arterial thrombosis
pneumococcal sepsis
complications; obstetric
thrombus
carotid occlusion
oral syphilis
breast cancer stage ii
fibrosis liver
meningococcal sepsis
a; hemophilia
b; hemophilia
hyperemia
endothelial dysfunction
metastasis
fibrosarcoma
hypotensive
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
relapsing fever, tick-borne
response, acute phase
helicobacter pylori gastritis
malabsorption
arteritis
leishmaniasis visceral
RA
thalassemia
paired helical filament
deep vein thrombosis recurrent
infarct
eclampsia
septic shock
acute leukemia
squamous cell carcinoma
pc deficiency
b-cell lymphoma
PBC
parainfluenza
hereditary protein c deficiency
osteosarcoma
antithrombin iii deficiencies
chromosomal instabilities
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
dysfibrinogenemia
chronic hepatitis
pregnancy early
heparin cofactor ii deficiency
pulmonary thromboembolism
hematologic malignancies
immunoglobulin disease
progressing stroke
owren
immune dysfunction
spirochete diseases
splice-site mutation
stasis
liver dysfunction
gastritis
ischemic stroke
gene abnormality
CAD
lung cancer non-small cell recurrent
GISTs
autoimmune
deficiency; protein
erythema migrans
active chronic hepatitis
lupus nephritis
DIC
collagen vascular disease
persistent infection
cerebrovascular disease
acute stroke
lupus erythematosus systemic
acute coronary syndrome
inflammatory response
damage liver
infection viral
mesenteric venous thrombosis
oral infection
multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
hyperinsulinemia
protein s deficiencies
parasitemia
sepsis
malaria
protein c deficiencies
lupus anticoagulant
disease; lyme
endotoxic shock
severe toxemia
squamous cell carcinoma lung
iugr
stromal tumor
calciphylaxis
insulin sensitivity
embryo death
lung cancer
ischemia
infarction; myocardial
SCID
antiphospholipid syndrome
cholestasis
adenocarcinoma
asthma
venous thromboembolism
plasmodium vivax infection
shock
recurrent miscarriage
distress
cerebral infarction
acute pancreatitis
pneumoniae
colorectal cancer
malnutrition
inflammation
diabetic nephropathies
severe sepsis
proteinuria
tuberculosis
hypertension
SIRS
sickle cell disease
bleeding disorder
hepatitis
pneumonia, ventilator-associated
coagulopathies
sarcoidosis
superficial thrombophlebitis
focal necrosis
death neonatal
thromboembolic event
thrombosis
innate immune response
carcinoma hepatocellular
cerebral venous thrombosis
disease; ischemic heart
atypical lipomatous tumor
cardiovascular disease
disease; veno-occlusive
deficiency; vitamin k
preeclampsia
phenomenon; raynaud
hypertension, pregnancy-induced
gastric cancer
acute viral hepatitis
lyme neuroborreliosis
circulating anticoagulants
venous thromboembolic disease
tumor progression
glioma
neuroborreliosis
pulmonary infection
saphenous vein thrombophlebitis
fibrin deposition
thrombosis venous
obese
disease; inflammatory bowel
nosocomial infection
intermedia thalassemia
lyme arthritis
calcification
peritonitis; septic
buschke-ollendorff syndrome
portal vein thrombosis
neonatal purpura
peripheral arterial disease
septicemia
PKU
chronic infection
AD
solid tumor
chronic myeloid leukemia
nephropathies
factor v leiden mutation
acute hepatitis
hepatic impairment
factor v leiden deficiency
complicated pregnancy
hematoma
thrombophilia
stroke
preeclampsia, severe
infectious
cerebral ischemia
severe hemophilia a
myositis
acute meningococcemia
chronic liver disease
genetic disorder
borreliosis
von willebrand
hot spots
thromboembolism
arthritis

Advanced Search (alpha)

PROC Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 66

Aliases & Descriptionsfor PROC gene

Summariesfor PROC gene

Genomic Viewsfor PROC gene

Proteinsfor PROC gene

Protein Domains/Familiesfor PROC gene

Gene Functionfor PROC gene

Pathways & Interactionsfor PROC gene

Drugs & Compoundsfor PROC gene

Transcriptsfor PROC gene

Expression for PROC gene

Orthologsfor PROC gene

Paralogsfor PROC gene

Genomic Variantsfor PROC gene

Disorders & Mutationsfor PROC gene

Medical Newsfor PROC gene

Publicationsfor PROC gene

Search for PROC gene

Genome Databases showing PROC gene

Other Databases showing PROC gene

Specialized Databases showing PROC gene

Intellectual Propertyfor PROC gene

Servicesfor PROC gene

View Random Gene

Aliases &
Descriptions
for PROC gene

Summaries
for PROC gene

Genomic Views
for PROC gene

Proteins
for PROC gene

Protein Domains/
Families
for PROC gene

Gene Function
for PROC gene

Pathways & Interactions
for PROC gene

Drugs & Compounds
for PROC gene

Transcripts
for PROC gene

Expression
for PROC gene

Orthologs
for PROC gene

Paralogs
for PROC gene

Genomic Variants
for PROC gene

Disorders & Mutations
for PROC gene

Medical News
for PROC gene

Publications
for PROC gene

Intellectual Property
for PROC gene

Services
for PROC gene