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PROC Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 69

GC02P127892

protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa)
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases
EC 3.4.21.69 ^³
PC ^², ⁵
PROC1 ^²

Descriptions
Anticoagulant protein C ^³
Autoprothrombin IIA ^³
Blood coagulation factor XIV ^³
protein C ^²
protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa) ^²

External Ids
HGNC: 9451¹
Entrez Gene: 5624²
UniProtKB: P04070³
Ensembl: ENSG00000115718⁷

Search outside databases for aliases for PROC gene

Previous GC identifers: GC02P125475 GC02P126102 GC02P128080 GC02P128269

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

EntrezGene summary for PROC:

The PROC gene encodes protein C (EC 3.4.21.69), a vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein that is a

key component of the anticoagulant system. Protein C is cleaved to its activated form,

'activated protein C' (APC) on endothelial cells by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex

(MIM 176930; MIM 188040) and then acts as a serine protease to degrade the activated forms of

coagulation factors V (F5; MIM 612309) and VIII (F8; see MIM 306700). Protein S (PROS1; MIM

176880), also a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein, functions as a cofactor to activated protein

C.[supplied by OMIM]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070

Function: Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease that regulates blood coagulation by

inactivating factors Va and VIIIa in the presence of calcium ions and phospholipids

Gene Wiki entry for PROC (Protein_C)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:

UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the PROC gene

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2q13-q14 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 2q14.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 2q13-q14

PROC Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 2 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC02P127892: (about GC identifiers)

Start:	127,892,487 bp from pter
End:	127,903,288 bp from pter
Size:	10,802 bases
Orientation:	plus strand

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000002.10 NT_022135.15

(According to ¹UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Vitamin K-dependent protein C precursor

Size: 461 amino acids; 52071 Da

Subunit: Synthesized as a single chain precursor, which is cleaved into a light chain and a heavy

chain held together by a disulfide bond. The enzyme is then activated by thrombin, which cleaves a

tetradecapeptide from the amino end of the heavy chain; this reaction, which occurs at the surface

of endothelial cells, is strongly promoted by thrombomodulin

Miscellaneous: Calcium also binds, with stronger affinity to another site, beyond the GLA domain.

This GLA-independent binding site is necessary for the recognition of the thrombin-thrombomodulin

complex

Sequence caution: Sequence=S76088; Type=Erroneous termination; Positions=151; Note=Translated as

Cys;

PDB structures from and Proteopedia :

1AUT (3D)

1LQV (3D)

1PCU (3D)

2PCT (3D)

3F6U (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q15189 Q15190 Q16001 Q53S74 Q9UC55

Post-translational modifications:

The vitamin K-dependent, enzymatic carboxylation of some Glu residues allows the modified protein

to bind calcium¹

Partial (70%) N-glycosylation of Asn-371 with an atypical N-X-C site produces a higher molecular

weight form referred to as alpha. The lower molecular weight form, not glycosylated at Asn-371, is

beta¹

The iron and 2-oxoglutarate dependent 3-hydroxylation of aspartate and asparagine is (R)

stereospecific within EGF domains¹

REFSEQ proteins: NP_000303.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000234071 ENSP00000386679 ENSP00000384225

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Sigma-Aldrich Proteins for PROC
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for PROC (Coagulation Factor XIV/Protein C)
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (Protein C, C-tag, proteinC)
	Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (PROC)

Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells

4 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	NAS	14718574
GO:0005634	nucleus	IDA	18029348
GO:0005730	nucleolus	IDA	18029348
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	EXP	2538457

About this table

Antibodies for PROC:

	Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
	Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of PROC
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for PROC
	R&D Systems Antibodies for PROC (Coagulation Factor XIV/Protein C)
	Antibodies from Abcam (Protein C, C-tag, proteinC), each with their Abpromise^SM
	Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (PROC)
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PROC

Assays for PROC:

	Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P04070

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P04070

5 Blocks protein families:

IPB000152 Aspartic acid and asparagine hydroxylation site

IPB000294 Vitamin K-dependent carboxylation/gamma-carboxyglutamic (GLA) domain

IPB001254 Serine protease

IPB001314 Chymotrypsin serine protease family (S1) signature

IPB002383 Coagulation factor GLA domain signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070

Similarity: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family

Similarity: Contains 2 EGF-like domains

Similarity: Contains 1 Gla (gamma-carboxy-glutamate) domain

Similarity: Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (PROC)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (PROC)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 2): BC034377

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for PROC

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for PROC

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for PROC

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Clones:		Invitrogen Clones for PROC
		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore

OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000312
Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000312
untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): BC034377

Primers:

Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers

OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_000312

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070

Function: Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease that regulates blood coagulation by

inactivating factors Va and VIIIa in the presence of calcium ions and phospholipids

Catalytic activity: Degradation of blood coagulation factors Va and VIIIa

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.4.21.69

Genatlas biochemistry entry for PROC:

protein C,coagulation factor (FVa and FVIIIa inactivator),vitamin K-dependent

12 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Proc):

	behavior/neurological	growth/size	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism
immune system	lethality-prenatal/perinatal	life span-post-weaning/aging	liver/biliary system	muscle
nervous system	respiratory system

4 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004252	serine-type endopeptidase activity	TAS	15005336
GO:0005509	calcium ion binding	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	15248212
GO:0008233	peptidase activity	IEA	--

About this table

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

2 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for PROC (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity)

Coagulation System
Lysine Degradation

GeneDecks PROC for the pathways selected above

About GeneDecksing

Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PROC

5/78 Interacting proteins for PROC (ENSP00000234071³ P04070¹) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 78 )

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
MMP15	P51511¹	EBI-1383018, EBI-1383043
THBD	ENSP00000366307³	STRING (score=.999)
PROCR	ENSP00000216968³	STRING (score=.998)
SERPINA5	ENSP00000333203³	STRING (score=.996)
F8	ENSP00000327895³	STRING (score=.994)

About this table

3 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006508	proteolysis	NAS	12052963
GO:0030195	negative regulation of blood coagulation	TAS	15005336
GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptosis	IMP	12563316

About this table

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse Tocris compounds for PROC
5 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PROC gene

Compound	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
gamma-carboxyglutamic acid	56.65	3	9184404 (2), 18373251 (1)
fibrinogen	40.29	7	7531874 (1), 16420572 (1), 15075325 (1), 8375244 (1) (see all 6)
phospholipid	26.93	2	10753602 (2)
calcium	4.56	1	1527084 (1)
adp	0.00	1	8375244 (1)

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (PROC)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (PROC)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 2): BC034377

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for PROC

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for PROC

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs:

NM_000312

REFSEQ mRNAs for PROC gene:

NM_000312.2

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays:

NM_000312

              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000312
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000312
                                 untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): BC034377

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK298280.1 AK298449.1 AK298454.1 AK303773.1 BC034377.1 CR606412.1 K02059.1 S50739.1

S72338.1

6 DOTS entries:

DT.312382 DT.99954045 DT.99960945 DT.100751492 DT.91756785 DT.91756787

24/34 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 34 ):

AW052154 BM975043 BC034377 AI671712 CB113383 CR606412 BU607676 BQ646591

BX107014 CB128895 AA745883 AL531077 AL531076 BV199653 BI764225 K02059

R29203 CB145040 BF237847 BI762861 CB145461 NM_000312 AV684946 X02750

highest scoring ESTs for PROC:

AA745883 AI021885 AI349475 AL531076 AV656483 AW052154 BC034377 BF237847 BI252272 BI764225

Unigene Cluster for PROC:

Protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa)

Hs.224698 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: AK298454

GeneLoc Exon Structure

4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PROC

ExUns:	1	^	2a	·	2b	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5	^	6a	·	6b	^	7a	·	7b	^	8	^	9a	·	9b
SP1:			-								-										-
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:																			-		-		-

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for PROC

3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:

ENST00000234071 ENST00000409048 ENST00000402125

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
About This Section

PROC expression in normal and diseased human tissues

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for PROC

¹ / ² / ³

3 probe-sets matching PROC gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
39255_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	X02750	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
206259_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	NM_000312	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
206259_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

GeneDecks PROC for binary patterns associated with the probe-sets selected above

About GeneDecksing

About this table

Data from

(Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: TAACAAGCAC

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.224698
Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for PROC
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070
Tissue specificity: Plasma; synthesized in the liver

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for PROC gene from 5/9 species (see all 9 )

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	PROC¹	--	protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and more	85.6(n) 80.48(a)	476104 NM_001013849.1 NP_001013871.1
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	PROC¹	--	protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and more	99.64(n) 99.78(a)	459593 XM_515775.2 XP_515775.2
cow (Bos taurus)	PROC¹	--	protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and more	81.91(n) 73.96(a)	281428 XM_585990.3 XP_585990.3
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Proc¹	--	protein C	77.49(n) 69.74(a)	25268 NM_012803.1 NP_036935.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Proc^{1, 5}	18⁵	protein C^{1, 5}	77.85(n)¹ 69.52(a)¹	19123¹ NM_008934.2¹ NP_032960.2¹ AF034569⁵ AF318182⁵ (see all 19)

About this table Species with no ortholog for PROC

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PROC

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Paralogs for PROC gene

PROZ² F2² HPR²

(According to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

10/99 NCBI SNPs in PROC are shown (see all 99 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay) (see all 90)

AB	SNP ID	Valid	Chr 2 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Pop	Total sample	More
AB	Genomic Data				Transcription Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--			--
	rs1799808^1,2	A,C,F,H	127892332(+)	`CTGGAT/CGGCAT`	1	--	ng5¹		11	NS EA EU WA	2386
	rs1799810^1,2	A,C,F,H	127892510(+)	`CGGCGA/TACTTG`	1	--	ut5¹		11	NS EA NA EU WA	2350
	rs2069901^1,2	A,C,F	127891313(+)	`CTCTCC/TAGGTG`	1	--	ng5¹		2	NS	92
	rs1799809^1,2	A,C,F	127892345(+)	`TTGGTA/GGGCAG`	1	--	ng5¹		6	NS EU EA WA	514
	rs2069904^1,2	C,F,H	127892249(+)	`ACAACG/ATTCCT`	1	--	ng5¹		10	NS EU EA WA	914
	rs2069898^1,2	F,H	127890697(+)	`TCCTGT/CCTGAG`	1	--	ng5¹		6	NS EU EA WA	498
	rs2069897^1,2	F,O	127890624(+)	`GGGGGC/TGACGC`	1	--	ng5¹		2	NS	92
	rs2069894^1,2	F,H	127890524(+)	`GGCGAG/AAAGTT`	1	--	ng5¹		6	NS EU EA WA	496
--	rs2069902^1,2	C,F	127891333(+)	`TCAGCC/GCCCCT`	1	--	ng5¹		2	NS	92
	rs2069935^1,2	F,H	127891103(+)	`TAGGAG/AGGCCT`	1	--	ng5¹ tfbs³		5	NS EU EA	386

About this table

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for PROC (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

OMIM: 612283 disorders: 176860 612304

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PROC_HUMAN, P04070

Defects in PROC are the cause of protein C deficiency autosomal dominant (ADPROCD)

[MIM:176860]. ADPROCD is a cause of hereditary thrombophilia, a hemostatic disorder characterized

by impaired regulation of blood coagulation and a tendency to recurrent venous thrombosis.

However, many adults with heterozygous disease may be asymptomatic. Individuals with decreased

amounts of protein C are classically referred to as having type I protein C deficiency and those

with normal amounts of a functionally defective protein as having type II deficiency

Defects in PROC are the cause of protein C deficiency autosomal recessive (ARPROCD)

[MIM:612304]. ARPROCD results in a thrombotic condition that can manifest as a severe neonatal

disorder or as a milder disorder with late-onset thrombophilia. The severe form leads to neonatal

death through massive neonatal venous thrombosis. Often associated with ecchymotic skin lesions

which can turn necrotic called purpura fulminans, this disorder is very rare

10/15 Novoseek disease relationships for PROC gene (see all 15 )

Disease	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
protein c deficiency	90.95	14	9788727 (1), 15748260 (1), 8499568 (1), 7881411 (1) (see all 14)
purpura fulminans	73.67	5	7841323 (2), 9577159 (1), 15748260 (1), 15186640 (1)
thrombocytopenia neonatal	66.57	3	7841323 (2), 15748260 (1)
venous thrombosis	65.29	9	8462980 (1), 11264150 (1), 9788727 (1), 1511989 (1) (see all 9)
thrombophilia	63.56	2	11998221 (1), 12632031 (1)
thrombosis	56.44	3	10639721 (1), 9817680 (1), 17677000 (1)
disseminated intravascular coagulation	36.08	1	15186640 (1)
thromboembolism	33.27	1	11434940 (1)
deep vein thrombosis	31.93	2	18954896 (1), 16650085 (1)
sepsis	13.25	1	18691097 (1)

About this table

Genatlas disease: PROC

thrombosis,recurrent (pro-C type I and type II deficiency)

Human Gene Mutation Database: PROC
Genetic Association Database: PROC
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: PROC (35 documents)

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Novoseek, ²HGNC, ³Entrez Gene, ⁴UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁵UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁶GAD, and/or ⁷PharmGKB)
About This Section

10/301 PubMed articles for PROC gene (see all 301 ):

Hereditary thrombophilia: identification of nonsense and missense mutations in the protein C gene. (PubMed id 2437584)^{2, 3, 4} Romeo G....Peschle C. (1987)
The nucleotide sequence of the gene for human protein C. (PubMed id 2991887)^{2, 3, 4} Foster D.C.... Davie E.W. (1985)
Type I protein C deficiency in French Canadians: evidence of a founder effect and association of specific protein C gene mutations with plasma protein C levels. (PubMed id 9798967)^{1, 3, 4} Couture P.... Simard J. (1998)
R147W mutation of PROC gene is common in venous thrombotic patients in Taiwanese Chinese. (PubMed id 15114590)^{1, 3, 6} Tsay W. and Shen M.C. (2004)
A homozygous deletion/insertion mutation in the protein C (PROC) gene causing neonatal Purpura fulminans: prenatal diagnosis in an at-risk pregnancy. (PubMed id 7841323)^{1, 3, 4} Millar D.S.... Cooper D.N. (1994)
Three novel mutations in the protein C (PROC) gene causing venous thrombosis. (PubMed id 7605880)^{1, 3, 4} Millar D.S.... Cooper D.N. (1995)
A Gla domain mutation (Arg 15-->Trp) in the protein C (PROC) gene causing type 2 protein C deficiency and recurrent venous thrombosis. (PubMed id 8499568)^{1, 3, 4} Millar D.S.... Cooper D.N. (1993)
A novel homozygous missense mutation in the protein C (PROC) gene causing recurrent venous thrombosis. (PubMed id 1511988)^{1, 3, 4} Grundy C.B.... Cooper D.N. (1992)
Two different missense mutations at Arg 178 of the protein C (PROC) gene causing recurrent venous thrombosis. (PubMed id 1511989)^{1, 3, 4} Grundy C.B.... Cooper D.N. (1992)
Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. (PubMed id 16335952)^{3, 4} Liu T.... Smith R.D. (2005)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 5624	HGNC: 9451	AceView: PROC	Ensembl:ENSG00000115718	euGenes: HUgn5624
ECgene: PROC	H-InvDB: PROC

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
Mammary Transgene Database entry for PROC	More genetic and clinical information
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_C
GeneReviews	http://www.genetests.org/query?gene=PROC
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/proc/

Licensable Technologies for PROC
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)

About This Section

(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
About This Section

Products for PROC:

TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays

TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays

Free SNP selection tool

Invitrogen iPath Pathways	Invitrogen BLOCK-iT™ RNAi
Invitrogen Antibodies	Invitrogen Assays
Invitrogen Clones	Invitrogen Q-PCR Products
Invitrogen Human Recombinant Kinases	Invitrogen Custom Antibody and Peptide Service
Invitrogen Proteins / Assays / Screening Services	Search Invitrogen catalog for PROC-related products

	Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	Millipore Immunoassay Services
	Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Predesigned and custom siRNAs for PROC		Antibodies for PROC
	Explore super-pooled esiRNAs		Proteins for PROC
	Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for PROC		Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
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Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

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PROC Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 69

Aliases &
Descriptions
for PROC

Summaries
for PROC

Genomic Location
for PROC

Proteins
for PROC

Protein Domains/
Families
for PROC

Gene Function
for PROC

Pathways & Interactions
for PROC

Drugs & Compounds
for PROC

Transcripts
for PROC

Expression
for PROC

Orthologs
for PROC

Paralogs
for PROC

SNPs/Variants
for PROC

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for PROC

Medical News
for PROC

Publications
for PROC

Search for PROC

Genome Databases showing PROC

Other Databases showing PROC

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Licensable Technologies
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Services
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Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

PROC Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 69

Aliases & Descriptionsfor PROC

Summariesfor PROC

Genomic Locationfor PROC

Proteinsfor PROC

Protein Domains/Familiesfor PROC

Gene Functionfor PROC

Pathways & Interactionsfor PROC

Drugs & Compoundsfor PROC

Transcriptsfor PROC

Expression for PROC

Orthologsfor PROC

Paralogsfor PROC

SNPs/Variantsfor PROC

Disorders & Mutationsfor PROC

Medical Newsfor PROC

Publicationsfor PROC

Search for PROC

Genome Databases showing PROC

Other Databases showing PROC

Specialized Databases showing PROC

Licensable Technologiesfor PROC

Servicesfor PROC

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Aliases &
Descriptions
for PROC

Summaries
for PROC

Genomic Location
for PROC

Proteins
for PROC

Protein Domains/
Families
for PROC

Gene Function
for PROC

Pathways & Interactions
for PROC

Drugs & Compounds
for PROC

Transcripts
for PROC

Expression
for PROC

Orthologs
for PROC

Paralogs
for PROC

SNPs/Variants
for PROC

Disorders & Mutations
for PROC

Medical News
for PROC

Publications
for PROC

Licensable Technologies
for PROC

Services
for PROC