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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

PPARGC1A Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 62
GCID: GC04M023793

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator...

(Previous names: peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator...)
(Previous symbol: PPARGC1)
 Explore 66 diseases affiliated with
PPARGC1A via
MalaCards
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 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for PPARGC1A    

Aliases
for PPARGC1A gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1 Alpha1 2     PGC-1v2
PPARGC11 2 3 5     Ligand Effect Modulator-62
PGC11 2 3     Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1 Alpha Transcript
Variant B42
PGC1A1 2 3     Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1 Alpha Transcript
Variant B4-3ext2
LEM62 3     Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1 Alpha Transcript
Variant B4-8a2
PGC-1-Alpha1     Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1 Alpha Transcript
Variant B52
PPARGC-1-Alpha1     Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1 Alpha Transcript
Variant B5-NT2
Peroxisome Proliferative Activated Receptor, Gamma, Coactivator 11     Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha2
Peroxisome Proliferative Activated Receptor, Gamma, Coactivator 1, Alpha1     PPAR Gamma Coactivator Variant Form2
L-PGC-1alpha2     Ligand Effect Modulator 63
PGC-1(Alpha)1     PPAR-Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha3

External Ids:    HGNC: 92371   Entrez Gene: 108912   Ensembl: ENSG000001098197   OMIM: 6045175   UniProtKB: Q9UBK23   

Export aliases for PPARGC1A gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04M023544 GC04M023469 GC04M023138


Summaries
for PPARGC1A gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for PPARGC1A:
The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional coactivator that regulates the genes involved in energy
metabolism. This protein interacts with PPARgamma, which permits the interaction of this protein with multiple
transcription factors. This protein can interact with, and regulate the activities of, cAMP response element binding
protein (CREB) and nuclear respiratory factors (NRFs). It provides a direct link between external physiological
stimuli and the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, and is a major factor that regulates muscle fiber type
determination. This protein may be also involved in controlling blood pressure, regulating cellular cholesterol
homoeostasis, and the development of obesity. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PRGC1_HUMAN, Q9UBK2
Function: Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Greatly increases the
transcriptional activity of PPARG and thyroid hormone receptor on the uncoupling protein promoter. Can regulate key
mitochondrial genes that contribute to the program of adaptive thermogenesis. Plays an essential role in metabolic
reprogramming in response to dietary availability through coordination of the expression of a wide array of genes
involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism

Gene Wiki entry for PPARGC1A


Genomic Views
for PPARGC1A gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000004.11  NC_018915.1  NT_006316.16  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PPARGC1A gene promoter:
         MEF-2A   CREB   deltaCREB   aMEF-2   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: PPARGC1A promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for PPARGC1A

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PPARGC1A


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4p15.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  4p15.2   HGNC cytogenetic band: 4p15.1

PPARGC1A Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
PPARGC1A gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04M023793:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 23,756,664 bp from pter      End:
 23,905,712 bp from pter
Size:
 149,049 bases      Orientation:
 minus strand

Proteins
for PPARGC1A gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PRGC1_HUMAN, Q9UBK2 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha  
Size: 798 amino acids; 91027 Da
Subunit: Binds MYBBP1A, which inhibits transcriptional activation by this protein (By similarity). Interacts with
PRDM16 (By similarity). Interacts with LRPPRC. Homooligomer. Interacts with LPIN1 (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Nucleus
6/7 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for PPARGC1A (see all 7):
1XB7 (3D)        3B1M (3D)        3CS8 (3D)        3D24 (3D)        3U9Q (3D)        3V9T (3D)    
Secondary accessions: Q4W5M7 Q9UN32

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PPARGC1A: NX_Q9UBK2

Post-translational modifications:

  • Phosphorylation by AMPK in skeletal muscle increases activation of its own promoter (By similarity). Phosphorylated by
    • CLK2 (By similarity)1
  • Heavily acetylated by GCN5 and biologically inactive under conditions of high nutrients. Deacetylated by SIRT1 in low
    • nutrients/high NAD conditions1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q9UBK2

    • PPARGC1A Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_037393.1  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000264867   ENSP00000423075   ENSP00000421632   ENSP00000424181  
    Reactome Protein details: Q9UBK2
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: PPARGC1A
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    Novus Biologicals PPARGC1A Protein
    Novus Biologicals PPARGC1A Lysate
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Browse Proteins at Uscn

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005634nucleus TAS12588810
    GO:0005654nucleoplasm TAS--
    GO:0005665DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex TAS12588810
    GO:0005829cytosol IEA--


    PPARGC1A for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    PPARGC1A Antibody Products: 
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    ThermoFisher Antibody for PPARGC1A

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    Browse ELISAs and CLIAs at Uscn

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    PPARGC1A for domains           About GeneDecksing

    2 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR012677 Nucleotide-bd_a/b_plait
     IPR000504 RRM_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9UBK2

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9UBK2

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB000504 RNA-binding region RNP-1 (RNA recognition motif)

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PRGC1_HUMAN, Q9UBK2
    Similarity: Contains 1 RRM (RNA recognition motif) domain


    Function
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PRGC1_HUMAN, Q9UBK2
    Function: Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Greatly increases the
    transcriptional activity of PPARG and thyroid hormone receptor on the uncoupling protein promoter. Can regulate key
    mitochondrial genes that contribute to the program of adaptive thermogenesis. Plays an essential role in metabolic
    reprogramming in response to dietary availability through coordination of the expression of a wide array of genes
    involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism
    Induction: Transcription is repressed by ZNF746 which binds to 'insulin response sequences' its promoter

    miRNA
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    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat PPARGC1A
    8/125 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate PPARGC1A (see all 125):
    hsa-miR-124* hsa-miR-411* hsa-miR-26a-2* hsa-miR-193a-3p hsa-miR-3607-3p hsa-miR-485-3p hsa-miR-374a hsa-miR-3653
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: PPARGC1A 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PPARGC1A (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: PPARGC1A
    OriGene siRNA: PPARGC1A
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PPARGC1A

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for PPARGC1A

    Clone
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    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PPARGC1A (see all 3)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PPARGC1A
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: PPARGC1A (NM_013261)
    Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for PPARGC1A
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PPARGC1A 

    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for PPARGC1A

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PPARGC1A

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/12 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 12):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000166nucleotide binding IEA--
    GO:0001104RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity TAS14636573
    GO:0003677DNA binding TAS10713165
    GO:0003713transcription coactivator activity IDA19651776
    GO:0003723RNA binding TAS12588810


    PPARGC1A for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for PPARGC1A: Ppargc1atm1Dpk Ppargc1atm1.1Amos Ppargc1atm1Brsp
         14 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 5 alleles) (MGI details for Ppargc1a):
     adipose tissue  behavior/neurological  cardiovascular system  cellular  digestive/alimentary 
     endocrine/exocrine gland  growth/size  homeostasis/metabolism  liver/biliary system  mortality/aging 
     muscle  nervous system  respiratory system  tumorigenesis 

    PPARGC1A for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/20 super-pathways (see all 20) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1PKA activation in glucagon signalling
    		Development Beta-adrenergic receptors signaling via cAMP0.29
    		Development_Beta-adrenergic receptors signaling via cAMP0.29
    2Glucose / Energy Metabolism
    		Glucose / Energy Metabolism1.00
    3Transcriptional Regulation of White Adipocyte Differentiation
    		Transcriptional Regulation of White Adipocyte Differentiation1.00
    4Metformin Pathway, Pharmacodynamic
    		Metformin Pathway, Pharmacodynamic1.00
    5SIDS Susceptibility Pathways
    		SIDS Susceptibility Pathways1.00

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    1 EMD Millipore Pathway for PPARGC1A
        Development Beta-adrenergic receptors signaling via cAMP

    2 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for PPARGC1A
        PGC1Alpha Pathway
    Estrogen Pathway

    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for PPARGC1A
        Glucose / Energy Metabolism

    1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for PPARGC1A
        Development Beta-adrenergic receptors signaling via cAMP

    5/8 BioSystems Pathways for PPARGC1A (see all 8) 
        Adipogenesis
    SIDS Susceptibility Pathways
    Mitochondrial Gene Expression
    Energy Metabolism
    Signaling mediated by p38-alpha and p38-beta

    4        Reactome Pathways for PPARGC1A
        Circadian Clock
    Developmental Biology
    Transcriptional Regulation of White Adipocyte Differentiation
    Expression of PPARGC1A (PGC-1alpha)

    1 PharmGKB Pathway for PPARGC1A
        Metformin Pathway, Pharmacodynamic

    3         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for PPARGC1A):
        Insulin signaling pathway
    Adipocytokine signaling pathway
    Huntington's disease


    PPARGC1A for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PPARGC1A

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/144 Interacting proteins for PPARGC1A (Q9UBK21, 2, 3 ENSP000002648674) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 144)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    LRPPRCP427041, 3, ENSP000002606654EBI-765486,EBI-1050853 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000260665
    ESRRGP625082, 3, ENSP000003861714MINT-6824653 MINT-7297435 MINT-7297297 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000386171
    PPARGP372312, 3, ENSP000002878204MINT-7229698 MINT-7229685 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000287820
    ESR2Q927313, ENSP000003439254I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000343925
    SIRT1Q96EB63, ENSP000002120154I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000212015
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/32 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 32):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001659temperature homeostasis TAS1258810
    GO:0001666response to hypoxia IEA--
    GO:0001678cellular glucose homeostasis NAS11854298
    GO:0006094gluconeogenesis NAS11854298
    GO:0006367transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter TAS14636573


    PPARGC1A for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    PPARGC1A for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for PPARGC1A
    10/37 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PPARGC1A gene (see all 37)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    pgc1 87.8 16 15864539 (3), 20078951 (3), 20437825 (2), 20096380 (2) (see all 7)
    fatty acid 67 58 19965780 (3), 12777397 (2), 11733490 (2), 19766270 (2) (see all 40)
    aicar 62.8 6 12734114 (1), 15864539 (1), 20044477 (1), 18946175 (1) (see all 5)
    glucose 60.2 100 16314495 (4), 19208857 (4), 19038972 (3), 15592662 (3) (see all 50)
    androstane 53.3 1 12551939 (1)
    acetyl-coa 51.5 5 17030788 (1), 19819719 (1), 16022198 (1)
    carnitine 50.2 8 19448714 (1), 17828388 (1), 15297149 (1), 16538490 (1) (see all 7)
    phosphoenolpyruvate 49.1 4 16323215 (1), 12324453 (1), 19208857 (1), 16267049 (1)
    citrate 48.5 10 19657668 (2), 19927026 (1), 16540710 (1), 15516373 (1) (see all 8)
    pyruvate 48.4 13 17270342 (1), 19448714 (1), 19038972 (1), 15932964 (1) (see all 11)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about PPARGC1A / PRGC1 

    Transcripts
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for PPARGC1A gene: 
    NM_013261.3  

    Unigene Cluster for PPARGC1A:

    Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha
    Hs.527078  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_013261
    15 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000509702(uc011bxp.1) ENST00000264867(uc003gqs.3 uc003gqt.3 uc010ier.1)
    ENST00000506055 ENST00000513205 ENST00000509642 ENST00000514479 ENST00000508380
    ENST00000512169 ENST00000507342 ENST00000515534 ENST00000503714 ENST00000505469
    ENST00000514517 ENST00000507380(uc003gqu.4) ENST00000514494

    miRNA
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    8/125 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate PPARGC1A (see all 125):
    hsa-miR-124* hsa-miR-411* hsa-miR-26a-2* hsa-miR-193a-3p hsa-miR-3607-3p hsa-miR-485-3p hsa-miR-374a hsa-miR-3653
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: PPARGC1A 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PPARGC1A (see all 7)
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    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PPARGC1A
    Clone
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    Primer
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    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat PPARGC1A
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PPARGC1A

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB061325.1 AF106698.1 AF159714.1 AF186379.1 AK024990.1 AK095100.1 AK296591.1 AK301883.1 
    AK309261.1 HQ695733.1 JQ772116.1 JQ772117.1 JQ772118.1 JQ772119.1 JQ772120.1 

    8 DOTS entries:

    DT.408302  DT.99936748  DT.92424158  DT.91750753  DT.121224998  DT.95230601  DT.97793374  DT.40121894 

    24/87 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 87):

    AW299670 AA188859 AW466942 BX282397 AA865326 AF186379 CB134860 AI431440 
    AI800226 CB146647 CB147181 CB135766 BX115564 CB137722 BM717833 NM_013261 
    BM976883 CB046265 AW827187 CB147411 AI582569 CB138266 AU279925 BQ030344 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/10 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PPARGC1A (see all 10)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3a · 3b ^ 4a · 4b · 4c · 4d ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b · 7c · 7d · 7e ^ 8a · 8b ^ 9a · 9b · 9c · 9d ^ 10 ^ 11a · 11b ^ 12 ^
    SP1:                          -     -     -     -     -     -     -                       -     -     -                                         -               
    SP2:                          -     -     -     -     -     -     -                       -     -     -                                                         
    SP3:                                                  -     -     -                       -     -     -                                                         
    SP4:                                                  -     -     -                                   -                                                         
    SP5:                          -     -     -     -     -     -     -                 -     -     -     -                                                         

    ExUns: 13 ^ 14 ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17
    SP1:                              
    SP2:                              
    SP3:                              
    SP4:                              
    SP5:                              


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for PPARGC1A

    Expression
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    PPARGC1A expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TATTGTTGTG

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    PPARGC1A expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    10/14 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells (see all 14) 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    AdiposeCervical Brown Adipose DepotCervical Brown Adipocyte CellsAdipose
    AdiposeLumbar Brown Adipose DepotLumbar Brown Adipocyte CellsAdipose
    AdiposeLumbar Brown Adipose DepotLumbar Committed Brown PreadipocytesAdipose
    AdiposeSacral Brown Adipose DepotSacral Brown Adipocyte CellsAdipose
    AdiposeSacral Brown Adipose DepotSacral Committed Brown PreadipocytesAdipose
    AdiposeSubcutaneous White AdiposeBrown-like Adipocyte CellsAdipose
    AdiposeThoracic Brown Adipose DepotThoracic Brown Adipocyte CellsAdipose
    AdiposeThoracic Brown Adipose DepotThoracic Committed Brown PreadipocytesAdipose
    AdiposeVisceral White AdiposeBrown-like Adipocyte CellsAdipose
    AdiposeCervical Brown Adipose DepotCervical Committed Brown PreadipocytesAdipose
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 9 LifeMap Cells 
    NameCategory
    PureStem™ mesenchymal progenitor MEL2 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)Adipose, Bone, Cartilage
    PureStem™ progenitor EN2 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
    Immature adipocyte-like cells (Differentiation of ...)Adipose
    White adipocyte-like cells (Differentiation of ...)Adipose
    Brown adipocyte-like cells (Differentiation of ...)Adipose
    Brown adipocyte-like cells (Directed differentia...)Adipose
    White adipocyte-like cells (Differentiation of w...)
    Brown adipocyte-like cells (Differentiation of w...)
    HyStem+BMP4-induced 7SMOO32 cells (HyStem+BMP4 inductio...)Adipose

    See PPARGC1A Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for PPARGC1A

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.527078

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PRGC1_HUMAN, Q9UBK2
    Tissue specificity: Heart, skeletal muscle, liver and kidney. Expressed at lower levels in brain and pancreas and at
    very low levels in the intestine and white adipose tissue. In skeletal muscle, levels were lower in obese than in lean
    subjects and fasting induced a 2-fold increase in levels in the skeletal muscle in obese subjects

        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including PPARGC1A (see all 12): 
              Skeletal Muscle: Myogenesis & Myopathy in human mouse rat
              Nuclear Receptors & Coregulators in human mouse rat
              Diabetes in human mouse rat
              Adipogenesis in human mouse rat
              Insulin Resistance in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    In Situ
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    Orthologs
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for PPARGC1A gene from 5/16 species (see all 16)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves PPARGC1A1 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator more 86.08(n)
    89.06(a)    		   422815  NM_001006457.1  NP_001006457.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia D7F2U6_ANOCA6
    		 Proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator ...
    		 82(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 5(74113495-74215000)
    tropical clawed frog
    (Xenopus tropicalis)    		 Amphibia BX771684.12   -- 82.2(n)    BX771684.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii ppargc1a1 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator more 62.16(n)
    60.31(a)    		   553418  XM_002667531.2  XP_002667577.2 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta Spargel6
    		 Spargel
    		 9(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 3R(248205-255051)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PPARGC1A (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for PPARGC1A (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for PPARGC1A gene
    PPARGC1B2  PPRC12  
    1 SIMAP similar gene for PPARGC1A using alignment to 9 protein entries:     PRGC1_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    PGC-1v

    PPARGC1A for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): PPARGC1A
    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PPARGC1A
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for PPARGC1A

    Disorders / Diseases
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    PPARGC1A for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 604517    OMIM disorders: --

    20/66 diseases for PPARGC1A (see all 66):    About MalaCards
    multiple symmetric lipomatosis    multiple symmetrical lipomatosis    obesity    familial partial lipodystrophy
    lipomatosis    cholesterol    type 2 diabetes mellitus    insulin resistance
    glucose intolerance    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis    polycystic ovary syndrome    metabolic disorders
    friedreich ataxia    lateral sclerosis    fatty liver disease    anorexia nervosa
    diabetes mellitus    morbid obesity    hypertrophic cardiomyopathy    lipodystrophy

    1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for PPARGC1A:
    Diabetes mellitus

    10/27 Novoseek disease relationships for PPARGC1A gene (see all 27)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    insulin resistance 63.1 47 16403952 (4), 19966034 (4), 20410232 (2), 19208857 (2) (see all 23)
    insulin sensitivity 62 23 17327385 (3), 16403952 (3), 17828388 (2), 19208857 (2) (see all 13)
    obesity 52.6 38 19913841 (3), 18349111 (2), 19056573 (2), 11916956 (2) (see all 20)
    metabolic disorder 49.2 3 19038972 (1), 17907962 (1)
    niddm 42.9 23 15937669 (2), 17479445 (2), 16978372 (2), 11793024 (2) (see all 11)
    impaired glucose tolerance 30.8 5 15592662 (3), 16804087 (1), 19966034 (1)
    hyperglycemia 18.1 1 20078951 (1)
    hypertrophy 17.5 2 17579564 (1), 20010125 (1)
    cardiac hypertrophy 15.1 5 17579564 (2), 11985547 (1), 15649578 (1)
    response acute phase 11.6 2 18510493 (1), 17224343 (1)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): PPARGC1A
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PPARGC1A (123 documents)

    Export disorders for PPARGC1A gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for PPARGC1A gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 575):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PPARGC1A)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 (PPARGC1) gene: cDNA sequence, genomic organization, chromosomal localization, and tissue expression. (PubMed id 10585775)1, 2, 3, 9 Esterbauer H.... Patsch W. (1999)
    2. Cloning and mRNA tissue distribution of human PPARgamma coactivator- 1. (PubMed id 10643692)1, 2, 9 Larrouy D.... Langin D. (1999)
    3. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha promoter polymorphisms are associated with early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Korean population. (PubMed id 15937669)1, 4, 9 Kim J.H....Park K.S. (2005)
    4. Studies of the Gly482Ser polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha) gene in Danish subjects with the metabolic syndrome. (PubMed id 15649578)1, 4, 9 Ambye L....Urhammer S.A. (2005)
    5. Haplotypes of PPARGC1A are associated with glucose tolerance, body mass index and insulin sensitivity in offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes. (PubMed id 15912394)1, 4, 9 Pihlajamaki J....Laakso M. (2005)
    6. Common polymorphisms of the PPAR-gamma2 (Pro12Ala) and PGC-1alpha (Gly482Ser) genes are associated with the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in the STOP-NIDDM trial. (PubMed id 15592662)1, 4, 9 Andrulionyte L....Laakso M. (2004)
    7. A Gly482Ser missense mutation in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 is associated with altered lipid oxidation and early insulin secretion in Pima Indians. (PubMed id 12606537)1, 4, 9 Muller Y.L....Baier L. (2003)
    8. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 gene locus: associations with obesity indices in middle-aged women. (PubMed id 11916956)1, 4, 9 Esterbauer H....Patsch W. (2002)
    9. Gly482Ser polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 gene might be a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy in Slovene population (Caucasians) with type 2 diabetes and the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARgamma gene is not. (PubMed id 15782399)1, 4, 9 Petrovic M.G....Petrovic D. (2005)
    10. Effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-1 Gly482Ser variant on features of the metabolic syndrome. (PubMed id 16122961)1, 4, 9 Vohl M.C....Marceau P. (2005)

    External Searches for PPARGC1A gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing PPARGC1A gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 10891 HGNC: 9237 AceView: PPARGC1A Ensembl:ENSG00000109819 euGenes: HUgn10891
    ECgene: PPARGC1A Kegg: 10891 H-InvDB: PPARGC1A

    Other Databases showing PPARGC1A gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing PPARGC1A gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for PPARGC1A Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for PPARGC1A Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    SeattleSNPshttp://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/ppargc1a/

    Intellectual Property
    for PPARGC1A gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for PPARGC1A gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving PPARGC1A

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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