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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

POLR2B Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 66
GCID: GC04P057760

polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide B, 140kDa

(Previous name: polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide B (140kD)...)
 Explore 11 diseases affiliated with
POLR2B via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for POLR2B    

Aliases
for POLR2B gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA Directed) Polypeptide B, 140kDa1 2     POL2RB2 5
RPB21 2     Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA Directed) Polypeptide B (140kD)1
DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase II 140 KDa Polypeptide2 3     DNA Directed RNA Polymerase II 140 KDa Polypeptide, RNA Polymerase II Subunit
2, RNA Polymerase II Second Largest Subunit2
DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase II Subunit B2 3     DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase II Subunit RPB22
RNA Polymerase II Subunit 22 3     HRPB1401
RNA Polymerase II Subunit B22 3     HsRPB21
EC 2.7.7.63 8     EC 2.7.78

External Ids:    HGNC: 91881   Entrez Gene: 54312   Ensembl: ENSG000000473157   OMIM: 1806615   UniProtKB: P308763   

Export aliases for POLR2B gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04P057648 GC04P057841 GC04P057685 GC04P057538 GC04P053798


Summaries
for POLR2B gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for POLR2B:
This gene encodes the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing
messenger RNA in eukaryotes. This subunit, in combination with at least two other polymerase subunits, forms a
structure within the polymerase that maintains contact in the active site of the enzyme between the DNA template and
the newly synthesized RNA. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RPB2_HUMAN, P30876
Function: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside
triphosphates as substrates. Second largest component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many
functional non-coding RNAs. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase
active center together with the largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II
transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB2 is part of the core
element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are
thought to grab the incoming DNA template (By similarity)

Gene Wiki entry for POLR2B


Genomic Views
for POLR2B gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000004.11  NC_018915.1  NT_022853.15  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the POLR2B gene promoter:
         TBP   FOXF2   HTF   CUTL1   NF-kappaB   Tal-1beta   E47   C/EBPalpha   NF-kappaB1   ITF-2   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: POLR2B promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for POLR2B

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat POLR2B


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q12   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  4q12   HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q12

POLR2B Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
POLR2B gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04P057760:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 57,843,888 bp from pter      End:
 57,897,334 bp from pter
Size:
 53,447 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for POLR2B gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RPB2_HUMAN, P30876 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB2  
Size: 1174 amino acids; 133897 Da
Subunit: Component of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complex consisting of 12 subunits. Interacts with WDR82. Interacts
with MEN1
Subcellular location: Nucleus
Miscellaneous: The binding of ribonucleoside triphosphate to the RNA polymerase II transcribing complex probably
involves a two-step mechanism. The initial binding seems to occur at the entry (E) site and involves a magnesium ion
coordinated by three conserved aspartate residues of the two largest RNA Pol II subunits (By similarity)
Secondary accessions: A8K1A8 Q8IZ61

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for POLR2B: NX_P30876

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P30876

    • 4/41 DME Specific Peptides for POLR2B (P30876) (see all 41)
     FGEMERD  PQIGDKF  IFIGPTY  THCEIHP 

    POLR2B Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_000929.1  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000408638   ENSP00000370625   ENSP00000391096   ENSP00000391452   ENSP00000407728  
     ENSP00000312735  
    Reactome Protein details: P30876
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Uscn Proteins for POLR2B

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005634nucleus IDA--
    GO:0005654nucleoplasm TAS--
    GO:0005665DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex IDA9852112
    GO:0005730NOT nucleolus IDA--


    POLR2B for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    ThermoFisher Antibody for POLR2B

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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for POLR2B

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for POLR2B gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    POLR2B for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/10 InterPro domains/families (see all 10):
     IPR007120 DNA-dir_RNA_pol_su2_6
     IPR007641 RNA_pol_Rpb2_7
     IPR007644 RNA_pol_bsu_protrusion
     IPR015712 DNA-dir_RNA_pol_su2
     IPR007645 RNA_pol_Rpb2_3

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P30876

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P30876

    4 Blocks protein families:
    IPB007120 RNA polymerase Rpb2
    IPB007121 RNA polymerase
    IPB007646 RNA polymerase Rpb2
    IPB007647 RNA polymerase Rpb2


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RPB2_HUMAN, P30876
    Similarity: Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta chain family


    Function
    for POLR2B gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RPB2_HUMAN, P30876
    Function: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside
    triphosphates as substrates. Second largest component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many
    functional non-coding RNAs. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase
    active center together with the largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II
    transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB2 is part of the core
    element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are
    thought to grab the incoming DNA template (By similarity)
    Catalytic activity: Nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1)

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for POLR2B:
    polymerase II,RNA (DNA directed) large polypeptide B (140kDa)

    Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 2.7.7.61 2 EC 2.7.72

    miRNA
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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat POLR2B
    2 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate POLR2B:
    hsa-miR-1283 hsa-miR-4282
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: POLR2B 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for POLR2B (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: POLR2B
    OriGene siRNA: POLR2B
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat POLR2B

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for POLR2B

    Clone
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    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for POLR2B

    In Situ Assay
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0003677DNA binding IEA--
    GO:0003682chromatin binding IEA--
    GO:0003899DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity IEA--
    GO:0004672contributes to protein kinase activity IDA9852112
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI17998332


    POLR2B for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    5 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for POLR2B:
     Decreased G3BP1 protein expres  Decreased TP53 protein express  Decreased viability of wild-ty  Increased cell death in HCC-19 
     Increased circadian period len 


    Pathways & Interactions
    for POLR2B gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/25 super-pathways (see all 25) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Formation of RNA Pol II elongation complex
    8/35 pathways (see all 35)
    		RNA Polymerase II Transcription Elongation1.00
    		RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE0.55
    		Formation of HIV-1 elongation complex in the absence of HIV-1 Tat1.00
    		Dual incision reaction in TC-NER0.46
    		Formation of RNA Pol II elongation complex 1.00
    		Formation of transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER) repair complex0.46
    		Formation of HIV-1 elongation complex containing HIV-1 Tat0.98
    		Addition of the fourth nucleotide on the nascent HIV-1 transcript: Second Transition0.40
    2mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway
    		mRNA Splicing1.00
    		mRNA Processing0.82
    		mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway1.00
    		mRNA Splicing - Minor Pathway0.40
    		Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA0.96
    3Assembly of RNA Polymerase-II Initiation Complex
    		Assembly of RNA Polymerase-II Initiation Complex1.00
    		Protein Acetylation and Deacetylation0.51
    		Transcription of mRNA0.91
    		Crosstalk Between CARM1 and ESRs0.32
    4HIV Infection
    		HIV Infection1.00
    		Transcription Ligand-Dependent Transcription of Retinoid-Target genes0.28
    		Transcription_Ligand-Dependent Transcription of Retinoid-Target genes0.28
    5Nucleotide Excision Repair
    		Nucleotide Excision Repair1.00
    		DNA Repair0.46
    		Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER)0.90

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    3 EMD Millipore Pathways for POLR2B
        Transcription Ligand-Dependent Transcription of Retinoid-Target genes
    DNA damage Role of Brca1 and Brca2 in DNA repair
    ATP/ITP metabolism

    5/17 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for POLR2B (see all 17)
        Nuclear Receptor Activation by Vitamin-A
    Telomerase Components in Cell Signaling
    Androgen Signaling
    NF-kappaB Activation by Viruses
    Crosstalk Between CARM1 and ESRs

    3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for POLR2B
        DNA damage Role of Brca1 and Brca2 in DNA repair
    ATP/ITP metabolism
    Transcription Ligand-Dependent Transcription of Retinoid-Target genes

    1 BioSystems Pathway for POLR2B 
        Eukaryotic Transcription Initiation

    5/49        Reactome Pathways for POLR2B (see all 49)
        Tat-mediated HIV-1 elongation arrest and recovery
    Tat-mediated elongation of the HIV-1 transcript
    mRNA Splicing
    RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation And Promoter Clearance
    Addition of the fourth nucleotide on the Nascent Transcript: Second Transition


    5         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for POLR2B):
        Purine metabolism
    Pyrimidine metabolism
    Metabolic pathways
    RNA polymerase
    Huntington's disease


    POLR2B for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for POLR2B

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/349 Interacting proteins for POLR2B (P308762, 3 ENSP000003127354) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 349)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    CTDP1Q9Y5B02, 3, ENSP000002995434MINT-51646 MINT-51650 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000299543
    CALM1P621583I2D: score=1 
    CALM2P621583I2D: score=1 
    CALM3P621583I2D: score=1 
    WWOXQ9NZC72, 3, ENSP000003861614MINT-72766 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000386161
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/13 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 13):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000398mRNA splicing, via spliceosome TAS--
    GO:0006281DNA repair TAS--
    GO:0006283transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair TAS--
    GO:0006289nucleotide-excision repair TAS--
    GO:0006366transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter TAS--


    POLR2B for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for POLR2B gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section
    EMD Millipore small molecules for POLR2B:
    Small Molecule - inhibitor
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for POLR2B

    8 HMDB Compounds for POLR2B    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    Adenosine triphosphate5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)56-65-5--
    Cytidine triphosphatecytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) (see all 15)65-47-4--
    Guanosine triphosphate5'-GTP (see all 10)86-01-1--
    MagnesiumMagnesium (see all 2)7439-95-4--
    Phosphoric acidacide phosphorique (FRENCH) (see all 20)7664-38-2--
    Pyrophosphate(4-)Diphosphoric acid ion (see all 10)14000-31-8--
    Thymidine 5'-triphosphate2'-Deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate (see all 13)365-08-2--
    Uridine triphosphate5'-UTP (see all 7)63-39-8--
    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about POLR2B / RPB2 

    Transcripts
    for POLR2B gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for POLR2B gene: 
    NM_000938.1  

    Unigene Cluster for POLR2B:

    Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide B, 140kDa
    Hs.602757  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: AK295132
    12 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000450656 ENST00000381227 ENST00000495311 ENST00000431623 ENST00000441246(uc011cae.1)
    ENST00000433463 ENST00000497845 ENST00000478188(uc003hcm.1) ENST00000510355
    ENST00000464918 ENST00000484821 ENST00000314595(uc003hcl.1 uc011caf.1)


    miRNA
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    Inhib. RNA
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    Clone
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat POLR2B 
    Primer
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      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat POLR2B
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat POLR2B

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AF055028.1 AK098271.1 AK289823.1 AK294901.1 AK295132.1 AK299090.1 BC023503.2 BC046499.1 
    X63563.1 

    24/25 DOTS entries (see all 25):

    DT.100674865  DT.97760173  DT.65285131  DT.100706253  DT.100674870  DT.91806226  DT.121219395  DT.95170547 
    DT.95278266  DT.121219269  DT.121219296  DT.121219317  DT.100639411  DT.101978157  DT.121219386  DT.91916126 
    DT.92461397  DT.92461407  DT.95278263  DT.95313534  DT.97760174  DT.100674866  DT.121219282  DT.121219304 

    24/414 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 414):

    AI093559 CB136139 BQ776161 BM969833 BQ421027 BM453107 AA256916 AI356130 
    BQ771577 BQ684985 BU183822 NM_000938 CA423626 CR592056 CR591583 H49191 
    BU195049 BX490282 AI819119 AA456017 AL700323 BU619780 AU131535 AL043215 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/15 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for POLR2B (see all 15)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3a · 3b ^ 4a · 4b ^ 5a · 5b · 5c ^ 6a · 6b ^ 7a · 7b · 7c ^ 8 ^ 9a · 9b ^ 10a · 10b ^ 11a · 11b · 11c ^ 12a ·
    SP1:                          -                                                                                                                                 
    SP2:                                                                                                                                                            
    SP3:                                                                                                                                                            
    SP4:                                                                                                                                                            
    SP5:                                                                                                                                                            

    ExUns: 12b ^ 13 ^ 14 ^ 15 ^ 16a · 16b ^ 17a · 17b ^ 18a · 18b ^ 19 ^ 20 ^ 21a · 21b ^ 22a · 22b ^ 23a · 23b ^ 24a · 24b ^ 25 ^ 26
    SP1:                                                                                                                                    
    SP2:                                                                                                                                    
    SP3:                                                                                                                                    
    SP4:                                                                                                                                    
    SP5:                                                                                                                                    


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for POLR2B

    Expression
    for POLR2B gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    POLR2B expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: CTTTTCTTCT

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    POLR2B expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    OvaryPrimary FolliclePrimary OocyteFemale Gametocytes, Germ Cells
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See POLR2B Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for POLR2B

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.602757
        SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for POLR2B
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    In Situ
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    Orthologs
    for POLR2B gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the last universal common ancestor (LUCA).

    Orthologs for POLR2B gene from 11/44 species (see all 44)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Polr2b1 , 5 polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide B1, 5 90.35(n)1
    99.91(a)1    		   5 (41.66 cM)5
    2313291  NM_153798.21  NP_722493.21 
     773101475 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves POLR2B1 polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide B, 14 more 83.82(n)
    99.4(a)    		   422621  NM_001006448.1  NP_001006448.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia POLR2B6
    		 --
    		 99(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 GL343257.1(1844453-1869826)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)    		 Amphibia MGC685692 hypothetical protein MGC68569 82.65(n)    BC060458.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii Dr.163272 Transcribed sequence with strong similarity to protein more 79.11(n)    BI427984.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta RpII1401 , 3 transcription from Pol II promoter
    DNA-directed more3
    RNA polymerase II 140kD subunit1    		 86(a)
    (best of 3)3
    72.35(n)1
    86.18(a)1    		   88A93
    417211  NM_057358.31  NP_476706.11 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea C26E6.43
    rpb-21    		 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II3
    Protein RPB-21    		 78(a)
    (best of 3)3
    70.29(n)1
    79.13(a)1    		   III(5011393-5015852)3
    1756681  NM_065646.31  NP_498047.11 
    baker's yeast
    (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)    		 Saccharomycetes RPB2(YOR151C)4
    RPB21    		 RNA polymerase II second largest subunit B150, part more4
    Rpb2p1    		 61.83(n)1
    61.26(a)1    		   15(616671-612997)4
    8543221, 4  NP_014794.31  NP_014794.14 
    thale cress
    (Arabidopsis thaliana)    		 eudicotyledons NRPB21 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB2 64.63(n)
    68.04(a)    		   828259  NM_118291.3  NP_193902.1 
    rice
    (Oryza sativa)    		 Liliopsida Os.255422 Oryza sativa mRNA for RNA polymerase II 72.81(n)    AK111443.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for POLR2B (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for POLR2B (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for POLR2B gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    		  --

    Genomic Variants
    for POLR2B gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section
    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
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    Disorders / Diseases
    for POLR2B gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    POLR2B for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 180661    OMIM disorders: --

    11 diseases for POLR2B:    About MalaCards
    eumycotic mycetoma    mycetoma    keratitis    huntington's disease
    conjunctivitis    pneumonia    tuberculosis    immunodeficiency
    hepatitis    malaria    mycobacterium tuberculosis

    1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for POLR2B:
    Eumycotic mycetoma
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: POLR2B (4 documents)

    Export disorders for POLR2B gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for POLR2B gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for POLR2B gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 188):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with POLR2B)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Primary structure of the second largest subunit of human RNA polymerase II (or B). (PubMed id 1518060)1, 2, 3 Acker J.... Kedinger C. (1992)
    2. Wdr82 is a C-terminal domain-binding protein that recruits the Setd1A Histone H3-Lys4 methyltransferase complex to transcription start sites of transcribed human genes. (PubMed id 17998332)1, 2 Lee J.H. and Skalnik D.G. (2008)
    3. Menin associates with a trithorax family histone methyltransferase complex and with the hoxc8 locus. (PubMed id 14992727)1, 2 Hughes C.M....Meyerson M. (2004)
    4. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    5. Immunoaffinity purification and functional characterization of human transcription factor IIH and RNA polymerase II from clonal cell lines that conditionally express epitope-tagged subunits of the multiprotein complexes. (PubMed id 9852112)1, 2 Kershnar E.... Chiang C.-M. (1998)
    6. Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing. (PubMed id 9110174)1, 2 Yu W.... Gibbs R.A. (1997)
    7. Chromosomal localization of human RNA polymerase II subunit genes. (PubMed id 8034326)1, 3 Acker J....Kedinger C. (1994)
    8. Identification of proteins interacting with the RNAPII FCP1 phosphatase: FCP1 forms a complex with arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 and it is a substrate for PRMT5-mediated methylation. (PubMed id 15670829)1, 9 Amente S....Majello B. (2005)
    9. A high-throughput approach for measuring temporal chan ges in the interactome. (PubMed id 22863883)1 Kristensen A.R....Foster L.J. (2012)
    10. Deployment of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protein arsenal: combating the host to enhance viral transcription and providing targets for therapeutic development. (PubMed id 22422068)1 Dahiya S....Wigdahl B. (2012)

    External Searches for POLR2B gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing POLR2B gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 5431 HGNC: 9188 AceView: POLR2B Ensembl:ENSG00000047315 euGenes: HUgn5431
    ECgene: POLR2B Kegg: 5431 H-InvDB: POLR2B

    Other Databases showing POLR2B gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing POLR2B gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for POLR2B Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for POLR2B gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for POLR2B gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving POLR2B

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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