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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

PLAU Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 74
GCID: GC10P075668

plasminogen activator, urokinase

Explore 202 diseases affiliated with
PLAU via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Plasminogen Activator, Urokinase¹ ²		QPD²
URK¹ ² ⁵		Plasminogen Activator, Urinary²
UPA¹ ²		U-PA¹
U-Plasminogen Activator² ³		Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator²
EC 3.4.21.73³ ⁸		UPA¹ ²
ATF²		EC 3.4.21⁸
BDPLT5²

External Ids:	HGNC: 9052¹	Entrez Gene: 5328²	Ensembl: ENSG00000122861⁷	OMIM: 191840⁵	UniProtKB: P00749³

Export aliases for PLAU gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC10P074625 GC10P074774 GC10P075561 GC10P075015 GC10P075340 GC10P069666

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for PLAU:

This gene encodes a serine protease involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix and possibly tumor cell

migration and proliferation. A specific polymorphism in this gene may be associated with late-onset Alzheimer's

disease and also with decreased affinity for fibrin-binding. This protein converts plasminogen to plasmin by specific

cleavage of an Arg-Val bond in plasminogen. Plasmin in turn cleaves this protein at a Lys-Ile bond to form a two-chain

derivative in which a single disulfide bond connects the amino-terminal A-chain to the catalytically active,

carboxy-terminal B-chain. This two-chain derivative is also called HMW-uPA (high molecular weight uPA). HMW-uPA can be

further processed into LMW-uPA (low molecular weight uPA) by cleavage of chain A into a short chain A (A1) and an

amino-terminal fragment. LMW-uPA is proteolytically active but does not bind to the uPA receptor. Alternatively

spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UROK_HUMAN, P00749

Function: Specifically cleaves the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin

Gene Wiki entry for PLAU

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000010.10 NC_018921.1 NT_030059.13

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PLAU gene promoter:
AML1a
Other transcription factors

Browse SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for PLAU

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PLAU

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 10q24 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 10q22.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 10q24

PLAU Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
PLAU gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 10 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC10P075668: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	75,668,935 bp from pter	End:	75,677,259 bp from pter
Size:	8,325 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UROK_HUMAN, P00749 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor

Size: 431 amino acids; 48507 Da

Subunit: Found in high and low molecular mass forms. Each consists of two chains, A and B. The high molecular mass form

contains a long chain A which is cleaved to yield a short chain A. Forms heterodimer with SERPINA5. Binds LRP1B;

binding is followed by internalization and degradation. Interacts with MRC2. Interacts with PLAUR

Subcellular location: Secreted

6/89 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for PLAU (see all 89):

1C5W (3D)

1C5X (3D)

1C5Y (3D)

1C5Z (3D)

1EJN (3D)

1F5K (3D)

Secondary accessions: B4DPZ2 Q15844 Q16618 Q53XS3 Q5SWW9 Q969W6

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P00749-1 P00749-2

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PLAU: NX_P00749

Post-translational modifications:

Phosphorylation of Ser-158 and Ser-323 abolishes proadhesive ability but does not interfere with receptor binding¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P00749

4/17 DME Specific Peptides for PLAU (P00749) (see all 17)

CNCPKKF

NYCRNPD

CEITGFG

LGLGKHN

PLAU Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_001138503.1 NP_002649.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000431795 ENSP00000361850 ENSP00000361847 ENSP00000361848 ENSP00000388474

Reactome Protein details: P00749
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant PLAU Protein
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for PLAU (u-Plasminogen Activator/Urokinase)
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	OriGene Purified Protein: PLAU OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: PLAU OriGene Custom Protein Services for PLAU
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for PLAU
	Novus Biologicals PLAU Proteins Novus Biologicals PLAU Lysate
	Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for PLAU
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for PLAU
	Uscn Proteins for PLAU

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	--
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IDA	18835034
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	TAS	--
GO:0009986	cell surface	IDA	18835034

PLAU for ontologies About GeneDecksing

PLAU Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of PLAU
	R&D Systems Antibodies for PLAU (u-Plasminogen Activator/Urokinase)
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 2): PLAU OriGene Custom Antibody Services for PLAU
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for PLAU
	Novus Biologicals PLAU Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for PLAU
	Uscn Antibodies for PLAU
	ThermoFisher Antibodies for PLAU

Assay Products for PLAU:

	EMD Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of PLAU
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	R&D Systems ELISAs for PLAU (u-Plasminogen Activator/Urokinase) (see all)
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for PLAU
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for PLAU

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

PLAU for domains About GeneDecksing

5/9 InterPro domains/families (see all 9):

IPR001314 Peptidase_S1A

IPR000742 EG-like_dom

IPR018056 Kringle_CS

IPR001254 Peptidase_S1

IPR018114 Peptidase_S1_AS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P00749

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P00749

4 Blocks protein families:

IPB000001 Kringle

IPB001254 Serine protease

IPB001314 Chymotrypsin serine protease family (S1) signature

IPB006210 Type I EGF

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UROK_HUMAN, P00749

Similarity: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family

Similarity: Contains 1 EGF-like domain

Similarity: Contains 1 kringle domain

Similarity: Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UROK_HUMAN, P00749

Function: Specifically cleaves the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin

Catalytic activity: Specific cleavage of Arg- -Val bond in plasminogen to form plasmin

Enzyme regulation: Inhibited by SERPINA5

Genatlas biochemistry entry for PLAU:

plasminogen activator,urokinase serine protease,involved in plasminogen activation to plasmin

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 3.4.21.73¹ ² EC 3.4.21²

		10/393 SABiosciences Target genes for PLAU (see all 393):
		A4GALT AATK ACRBP ACY3 ADAM17 ADAT3 ADRB1 ALOX15 ALPPL2 AMACR

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target PLAU: hsa-mir-23b (MIRT004291), hsa-mir-193b (MIRT004413)

		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): PLAU Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat PLAU
		8/20 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate PLAU (see all 20):
		hsa-miR-3130-5p hsa-miR-582-3p hsa-miR-3678-3p hsa-miR-193a-3p hsa-miR-181c hsa-miR-548s hsa-miR-23a hsa-miR-548c-3p

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: PLAU 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PLAU (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: PLAU OriGene siRNA: PLAU
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PLAU

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for PLAU

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PLAU (see all 4) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PLAU (see all 2) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): PLAU (NM_002658)
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PLAU
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for PLAU
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PLAU

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for PLAU
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for PLAU

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PLAU

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004252	serine-type endopeptidase activity	TAS	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	3501295
GO:0016301	kinase activity	--	--

PLAU for ontologies About GeneDecksing

3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PLAU:

Decreased influenza A H1N1 (A/

Decreased influenza A/WSN/33 r

Increased cell death HMECs cel

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-out Plau^tm1Mlg for PLAU
15/20 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Plau) (see all 20):

adipose tissue	cardiovascular system	cellular	craniofacial	digestive/alimentary
endocrine/exocrine gland	growth/size	hearing/vestibular/ear	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism
immune system	liver/biliary system	mortality/aging	muscle	nervous system

PLAU for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/19 super-pathways (see all 19) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Development_CNTF receptor signaling

	Cell adhesion_PLAU signaling	0.35			Cell adhesion Plasmin signaling	0.07
	Cell adhesion PLAU signaling	0.35			Cell adhesion_Plasmin signaling	0.07

Wnt Signaling Pathway

	Wnt Signaling Pathway	1.00			DNA damage response (only ATM dependent)	0.35
	Wnt Signaling Pathway and Pluripotency	0.55

Development HGF signaling pathway

Development HGF signaling pathway

1.00

Development_HGF signaling pathway

0.78

Cell adhesion_ECM remodeling

Cell adhesion ECM remodeling

1.00

Cell adhesion_ECM remodeling

1.00

Complement and coagulation cascades

Complement and coagulation cascades

1.00

Complement and Coagulation Cascades

0.72

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

4 EMD Millipore Pathways for PLAU

	Development HGF signaling pathway
	Cell adhesion PLAU signaling
	Cell adhesion ECM remodeling
	Cell adhesion Plasmin signaling

1 R&D Systems Pathway for PLAU

Blood Coagulation Signaling Pathways

2 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for PLAU

	Glioma Invasiveness
	UPA-UPAR Pathway

5 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for PLAU

	Development VEGF signaling via VEGFR2 - generic cascades
	Cell adhesion PLAU signaling
	Development HGF signaling pathway
	Cell adhesion ECM remodeling
	Cell adhesion Plasmin signaling

5/13 BioSystems Pathways for PLAU (see all 13)

	Blood Clotting Cascade
	Wnt Signaling Pathway and Pluripotency
	Wnt Signaling Pathway
	Osteopontin Signaling
	DNA damage response (only ATM dependent)

2 Reactome Pathways for PLAU

	Hemostasis
	Dissolution of Fibrin Clot

1 Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for PLAU):

Complement and coagulation cascades

PLAU for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PLAU

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/59 Interacting proteins for PLAU (P00749^{2, 3} ENSP00000361850⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 59)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
SERPINE1	P05121²^,³, ENSP00000223095⁴	MINT-8309294 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000223095
PLAT	P00750³, ENSP00000220809⁴	I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000220809
CTSB	P07858³, ENSP00000342070⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000342070
LRP2	P98164³, ENSP00000263816⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000263816
SERPINA5	P05154³, ENSP00000333203⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000333203

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/19 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 19): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001525	angiogenesis	--	--
GO:0001666	response to hypoxia	IEA	--
GO:0006508	proteolysis	IEA	--
GO:0006935	chemotaxis	TAS	10749881
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	10749881

PLAU for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

PLAU for compounds About GeneDecksing

EMD Millipore small molecules for PLAU:
Small Molecule - inhibitor

Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for PLAU

Compounds for PLAU available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
4-Chlorophenylguanidine hydrochloride	Urokinase inhibitor	[14279-91-5]
BC 11 hydrobromide	Selective urokinase (uPA) inhibitor	[443776-49-6]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UROK_HUMAN, P00749

Pharmaceutical: Available under the name Abbokinase (Abbott). Used in Pulmonary Embolism (PE) to initiate fibrinolysis.

Clinically used for therapy of thrombolytic disorders

10/33 DrugBank Compounds for PLAU (see all 33) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Amiloride	Amilorida [INN-Spanish] (see all 6)	2016-88-8	target	inhibitor	12183060 12897821 11752352 11544332 15866288 11562773
Urokinase	U-plasminogen activator (see all 3)	9039-53-6	target	--	12707394 12579271 12745435 12556741 12824001
6-(N-Phenylcarbamyl)-2-Naphthalenecarboxamidine	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
6-[N-(1-Isopropyl-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-7-Isoquinolinyl)Carbamyl]-2-Naphthalenecarboxamidine	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
6-[N-(1-Isopropyl-3,4-Dihydro-7-Isoquinolinyl)Carbamyl]-2-Naphthalenecarboxamidine	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
6-[N-(4-(Aminomethyl)Phenyl)Carbamyl]-2-Naphthalenecarboxamidine	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
6-[N-(4-Ethyl-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6-Isoquinolinyl)Carbamyl]-2-Naphthalenecarboxamidine	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
7-Methoxy-8-[1-(Methylsulfonyl)-1h-Pyrazol-4-Yl]Naphthalene-2-Carboximidamide	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
8-(Pyrimidin-2-Ylamino)Naphthalene-2-Carboximidamide	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
N-(1-Adamantyl)-N'-(4-Guanidinobenzyl)Urea	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235

10/148 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PLAU gene (see all 148) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
matrigel	81.1	88	16547501 (3), 7559792 (3), 10066093 (2), 16430655 (2) (see all 51)
serine	79.5	428	1377417 (3), 10805774 (2), 12790317 (2), 11689072 (2) (see all 99)
aprotinin	69.8	42	7513093 (2), 8857924 (2), 9117184 (1), 10064009 (1) (see all 26)
epsilon aminocaproic acid	69.4	11	2141608 (1), 7962113 (1), 8869642 (1), 10942782 (1) (see all 9)
p-amino benzamidine	65.3	23	7759160 (3), 9872599 (2), 9455804 (2), 9436195 (1) (see all 10)
ecotin	64.7	19	7744876 (5), 9642077 (5), 9642073 (2)
4-iodobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamidine	64	3	9270032 (1), 10779411 (1)
fp59	64	3	17041100 (2), 16432166 (1)
vegf	60.4	256	17704550 (10), 16810742 (6), 12708473 (5), 9738585 (4) (see all 99)
fibrinogen	56.3	81	15333041 (5), 9714995 (3), 8922882 (3), 8457476 (2) (see all 41)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about PLAU / UROK

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for PLAU gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_001145031.1 NM_002658.3

Unigene Cluster for PLAU:

Plasminogen activator, urokinase

Hs.77274 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001145031

9 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000481390 ENST00000496926 ENST00000494287 ENST00000496777(uc001jwb.3)

ENST00000372764(uc001jwc.3) ENST00000372761 ENST00000474995 ENST00000372762(uc009xrq.1)

ENST00000446342(uc010qkw.2 uc001jwa.3 uc010qkx.2)

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): PLAU Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat PLAU
		8/20 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate PLAU (see all 20):
		hsa-miR-3130-5p hsa-miR-582-3p hsa-miR-3678-3p hsa-miR-193a-3p hsa-miR-181c hsa-miR-548s hsa-miR-23a hsa-miR-548c-3p

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: PLAU 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PLAU (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: PLAU OriGene siRNA: PLAU
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PLAU

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PLAU (see all 4) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PLAU (see all 2) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): PLAU (NM_002658)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for PLAU
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PLAU

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for PLAU Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat PLAU
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat PLAU
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PLAU

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB208961.1 AK297940.1 AK298560.1 AK312960.1 AY029537.1 AY820134.1 BC013575.2 BT007391.1

D00244.1 D11143.1 K03226.1 M15476.1 X02760.1 Z36790.1

10 DOTS entries:

DT.446645 DT.95220031 DT.100824489 DT.91692725 DT.102824123 DT.100029663 DT.100824490 DT.102824122

DT.95205614 DT.97818673

24/352 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 352):

CK725200 BM849144 BF515581 R10562 BU073227 BG741013 BM853271 T19421

CD366261 BM989710 BM848159 BM830616 CA454723 AI304724 BP351551 AW238819

BM993289 CA848267 AA158743 CD367721 BM764130 BE620141 BQ005957 BQ001018

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

PLAU expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: ACCTGTGACC

About this image

PLAU expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

6 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Heart

Epicardium

Epicardial Progenitors Cells

Selective marker (cell-identifying gene)

Epicardium

Hypoblast

Extraembryonic Endoderm

Extraembryonic Endoderm Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues, Yolk Sac

Lateral Plate Mesoderm

Proepicardium

Proepicardial Progenitor cells

Epicardium

Placenta

Chorionic Villus

Villous Cytotrophoblast Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues, Placenta

Placenta

Extravillous Cytotrophoblast Layer

Extravillous Cytotrophoblast Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues, Placenta

Lung

Respiratory Bronchioles

Basal Cells

Lung

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 9 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

Extra-embryonic endoderm cells (Fetal Stem / Progenitor Cell)

Extraembryonic Tissues

PureStem™ endothelial progenitor RP1-MV2-18 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

Endothelium

PureStem™ epithelial progenitor E164 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

Intermediate Mesoderm, Kidney

PureStem™ mesenchymal progenitor 4D20.8 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

Lateral Plate Mesoderm, Neural Crest

PureStem™ progenitor E44 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

PureStem™ progenitor EN13 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

PureStem™ progenitor EN27 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

Line H7 (WA07) (Embryonic Stem Cell)

Early Embryo, Inner Cell Mass

Cardiomyocyte-like cells (Spontaneous differen...)

See PLAU Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for PLAU

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.77274

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UROK_HUMAN, P00749

Tissue specificity: Expressed in the prostate gland and prostate cancers

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including PLAU (see all 12):

Fibrosis in human mouse rat

NFKB Signaling Targets in human mouse rat

TGFB/BMP Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

Wound Healing in human mouse rat

Alzheimer's Disease in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for PLAU Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat PLAU
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat PLAU
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PLAU

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PLAU

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for PLAU gene from 4/15 species (see all 15) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	PLAU¹	plasminogen activator, urokinase	56.27(n) 50.13(a)		396424 NM_205443.2 NP_990774.2
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	PLAU⁶	--	41(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343196.1(1869044-1879549)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	plaua¹	plasminogen activator, urokinase a	51.51(n) 43.98(a)		100008445 NM_001172401.1 NP_001165872.1
honey bee (Apis mellifera)	Insecta	--	--	4(a)	possible ortholog	GroupUn.841(30640-42833)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PLAU (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for PLAU (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for PLAU gene

KREMEN1² KREMEN2² PLAT² PLG² HGFAC² LPA² HABP2² MST1²

F12² MST1L² HGF²

18/60 SIMAP similar genes for PLAU using alignment to 4 protein entries: UROK_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):

ATF TMPRSS11D DKFZp586F0824 DKFZp686I03148 GZMK CTRB1

CTRB2 F12 CTRL PROC1 TMPRSS13 KLK13

PRSS45 TMPRSS5 PROC GZMM KLK8 PLAT

PLAU for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 10 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs2227564^1,2	C,F,H,	probable-pathogenic	75673101(+)	`AAAGCC/TGCTTG`	1	--	int¹		34		NS MN EA NA WA CSA EU	9988
rs200195486^1,2	C	--	69664599(-)	`GTATAC/TANNNN`	2	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs72816318^1,2	C,	--	69664697(+)	`AACAAG/TTGTTT`	2	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs2227554^1,2	C,	--	69665047(+)	`CTTCAA/GTAGGA`	2	--	us2k¹		4		NS NA EA	262
rs72816319^1,2	C,	--	69665383(+)	`TGTCGC/TGTTGA`	2	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs76807842^1,2	C,F,	--	69666638(+)	`AGAGGG/AAAGAG`	2	--	int¹		1		WA	118
rs11000806^1,2	C,H	--	69666730(+)	`CTCTTC/TCAGGG`	2	--	int¹		5		NS EA NA	410
rs2227557^1,2	C,F,	--	69667165(+)	`GCTCAC/TGAAAC`	2	--	int¹		3		NS WA	210
rs114299227^1,2	C,F,	--	69667247(+)	`TCTTTA/CAAATG`	2	--	int¹		1		WA	118
rs113931971^1,2		--	69667418(+)	`TGGATG/ACCTGT`	2	--	int¹		1		CSA	2

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for PLAU (75668935 - 75677259 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for PLAU: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): PLAU

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

1 SABiosciences qBiomarker Copy Number PCR Array containing PLAU:

Prostate Cancer

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PLAU

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for PLAU

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

PLAU for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 191840
OMIM disorders: 104300
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UROK_HUMAN, P00749

Defects in PLAU are the cause of Quebec platelet disorder (QPD) [MIM:601709]. QPD is an autosomal dominant

bleeding disorder due to a gain-of-function defect in fibrinolysis. Although affected individuals do not exhibit

systemic fibrinolysis, they show delayed onset bleeding after challenge, such as surgery. The hallmark of the disorder

is markedly increased PLAU levels within platelets, which causes intraplatelet plasmin generation and secondary

degradation of alpha-granule proteins

20/202 diseases for PLAU (see all 202): About MalaCards

alzheimer's disease quebec platelet disorder paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria skeletal muscle regeneration

plasminogen activator deficiency hepatocellular carcinoma (fibrolamellar variant) mitral valve prolapse human t-cell leukemia virus type 1

factor xii deficiency chronic venous leg ulcers pemphigus vulgaris deep vein thrombosis

hemolytic-uremic syndrome dermatitis herpetiformis non-small cell lung carcinoma aortic aneurysm

ureter carcinoma paranasal sinus disease common variable immunodeficiency von willebrand's disease

8 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for PLAU:

Breast cancer Carcinoma Prostate cancer Malignant glioma

Ovarian cancer Colorectal cancer Vascular disease Lung cancer

10/98 Novoseek disease relationships for PLAU gene (see all 98) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
metastasis	80.7	884	15150277 (5), 7866567 (5), 17264329 (4), 11410166 (4) (see all 99)
quebec platelet disorder	80.3	13	19029443 (2), 12888877 (1), 18600101 (1), 15026313 (1) (see all 6)
tumors	74.7	1838	11820719 (7), 10091785 (6), 14581368 (6), 10218628 (6) (see all 99)
cancer	69.2	820	17923479 (7), 9815571 (5), 12168869 (5), 10091785 (5) (see all 99)
breast cancer	68.9	747	17222367 (10), 15131040 (9), 11489825 (8), 17704550 (8) (see all 99)
ovarian cancer	58.6	145	11410515 (4), 15653692 (3), 9194591 (3), 17611702 (3) (see all 66)
fibrosarcoma	56.1	36	1901800 (2), 9164658 (2), 15033370 (2), 1652590 (1) (see all 21)
prostate cancer	55.1	246	10221568 (7), 16127174 (5), 18439850 (5), 17571974 (4) (see all 83)
cancer invasiveness	52.6	3	11079728 (1), 8162583 (1)
breast carcinoma	52.4	73	15274061 (3), 8687092 (3), 9635840 (3), 11021826 (2) (see all 37)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): PLAU
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PLAU (57 documents)

Export disorders for PLAU gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for PLAU gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 2288):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PLAU)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Molecular cloning of cDNA coding for human preprourokinase. (PubMed id 2415429)^{1, 2, 3} Nagai M.... Suyama T. (1985)
Platelet-derived growth factor D is activated by urokinase plasminogen activator in prostate carcinoma cells. (PubMed id 15988036)^{1, 2, 9} Ustach C.V. and Kim H.-R.C. (2005)
Antigen levels of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its gene polymorphisms in colorectal cancer. (PubMed id 12430175)^{1, 4, 9} Przybyl/owska K....Bl/asiak J. (2002)
Functionally inactive protein C inhibitor in seminal plasma may be associated with infertility. (PubMed id 10340997)^{1, 2, 9} He S....Liu Y.X. (1999)
Mutational analysis of the genes encoding urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its inhibitor PAI-1 in advanced ovarian cancer. (PubMed id 9194591)^{1, 2, 9} Turkmen B.... Magdolen V. (1997)
A C/T polymorphism in the urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene in colorectal cancer. (PubMed id 11876553)^{1, 4, 9} Przybylowska K....Pander B. (2001)
Structure of human urokinase plasminogen activator in complex with its receptor. (PubMed id 16456079)^{1, 2, 9} Huai Q....Huang M. (2006)
(4-aminomethyl)phenylguanidine derivatives as nonpeptidic highly selective inhibitors of human urokinase. (PubMed id 10805774)^{1, 2, 9} Sperl S.... Moroder L. (2000)
Persons with Quebec platelet disorder have a tandem d uplication of PLAU, the urokinase plasminogen activator gene. (PubMed id 20007542)^{1, 2} Paterson A.D....Hayward C.P. (2010)
No association of a non-synonymous PLAU polymorphism with Alzheimer's disease and disease-related traits. (PubMed id 15558716)^{1, 4} Papassotiropoulos A....Hock C. (2005)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 5328	HGNC: 9052	AceView: PLAU	Ensembl:ENSG00000122861	euGenes: HUgn5328
ECgene: PLAU	Kegg: 5328	H-InvDB: PLAU

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for PLAU	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for PLAU	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urokinase
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/plau/

Intellectual Property for PLAU gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for PLAU gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving PLAU

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics
About This Section

	EMD Millipore small molecules (inhibitor) for PLAU
	Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
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	QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PLAU
	QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PLAU
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	Regulatory tfbs in PLAU promoter
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	GNC Network for PLAU
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Tocris compounds for PLAU

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Recombinant Protein for PLAU

PLAU Proteins, Antibodies, CLIAs, and ELISAs

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ThermoFisher Antibodies for PLAU

Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PLAU

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PLAU Gene

plasminogen activator, urokinase

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Leg Ulcer
LUNG TUMOR
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PLAU Gene

plasminogen activator, urokinase

Aliasesfor PLAU gene

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