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PLA2G4A Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 67
GCID: GC01P186798

Phospholipase A2, Group IVA (Cytosolic, Calcium-Dependent)

(Previous symbol: PLA2G4)

See PLA2G4A-related diseases
at

MalaCards

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
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Aliases
Phospholipase A2, Group IVA (Cytosolic, Calcium-Dependent)¹ ²		Calcium-Dependent Phospholipid-Binding Protein²
PLA2G4¹ ² ³ ⁵		Cytosolic Phospholipase A2²
Phospholipase A2 Group IVA² ³		lysophospholipase²
cPLA2² ³		Phosphatidylcholine 2-Acylhydrolase²
cPLA2-alpha²		CPLA2³

External Ids:	HGNC: 9035¹	Entrez Gene: 5321²	Ensembl: ENSG00000116711⁷	OMIM: 600522⁵	UniProtKB: P47712³

Export aliases for PLA2G4A gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC01P184323 GC01P182226 GC01P183317 GC01P184037 GC01P184013 GC01P183529 GC01P185064 GC01P158032

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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Entrez Gene summary for PLA2G4A Gene:

This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IV family. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis

of membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid which is subsequently metabolized into eicosanoids.

Eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are lipid-based cellular hormones that regulate

hemodynamics, inflammatory responses, and other intracellular pathways. The hydrolysis reaction also produces

lysophospholipids that are converted into platelet-activating factor. The enzyme is activated by increased

intracellular Ca(2+) levels and phosphorylation, resulting in its translocation from the cytosol and nucleus to

perinuclear membrane vesicles. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

GeneCards Summary for PLA2G4A Gene:

PLA2G4A (phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with PLA2G4A include phospholipase a2, group iv a, deficiency of, and small bowel adenocarcinoma. GO annotations related to this gene include phospholipase A2 activity and calcium ion binding. An important paralog of this gene is PLA2G4D.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PA24A_HUMAN, P47712

Function: Selectively hydrolyzes arachidonyl phospholipids in the sn-2 position releasing arachidonic acid.

Together with its lysophospholipid activity, it is implicated in the initiation of the inflammatory response

summary for PLA2G4A Gene:

Phospholipases are a group of enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic

molecules. PLA is subdivided into PLA1 which cleave phospholipids at the sn-1 ester bond and PLA2, which

cleave at the sn-2 bond. Their most common substrate is phosphatidylcholine, which generates

lysophosphatidylcholine and arachidonic acid. PLA is regulated by phosphorylation and by intracellular Ca2+

concentrations. Phospholipases are ubiquitously expressed and have diverse biological functions including

roles in inflammation, cell growth, signaling and death and maintenance of membrane phospholipids.

Gene Wiki entry for PLA2G4A Gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
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RefSeq DNA sequence at NCBI GenBank:

NC_000001.10 NT_004487.20 NC_018912.2

Regulatory elements:

Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PLA2G4A gene promoter:
GR AP-1 ATF-2 STAT5A CRE-BP1 PPAR-gamma1 c-Jun PPAR-gamma2 GR-alpha
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: PLA2G4A promoter sequence

Search Chromatin IP Primers for PLA2G4A

Epigenetics:

DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat PLA2G4A

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1q25 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 1q31.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 1q25

PLA2G4A Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
PLA2G4A gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 1 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01P186798: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	186,798,032 bp from pter	End:	186,958,113 bp from pter
Size:	160,082 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, ²neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, Cloud-Clone Corp, antibodies-online, and/or others.)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PA24A_HUMAN, P47712 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Cytosolic phospholipase A2

Size: 749 amino acids; 85239 Da

Subunit: Interacts with KAT5

3 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for PLA2G4A:

1BCI (3D)

1CJY (3D)

1RLW (3D)

Secondary accessions: B1AKG4 Q29R80

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PLA2G4A: NX_P47712

Explore proteomics data for PLA2G4A at MOPED

Post-translational modifications:

Activated by phosphorylation at both Ser-505 and Ser-727¹

Modification sites at neXtProt

Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

See PLA2G4A Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED, PaxDB, and MaxQB

REFSEQ proteins: NP_077734.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000356436 ENSP00000406892

Reactome Protein details: P47712

PLA2G4A Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Novus Biologicals PLA2G4A Protein Novus Biologicals PLA2G4A Lysate
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Browse Proteins at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Search eBioscience for Proteins for PLA2G4A
	antibodies-online proteins for PLA2G4A (9 products)
	antibodies-online peptides for PLA2G4A

PLA2G4A Antibody Products:

	Browse EMD Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
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	Novus Biologicals PLA2G4A Antibodies
	Search for Antibodies for PLA2G4A at Abcam
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	ThermoFisher Antibody for PLA2G4A
	antibodies-online antibodies for PLA2G4A (67 products)

PLA2G4A Assay Products:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
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	GenScript Custom Assay Services for PLA2G4A
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Browse ELISAs at Cloud-Clone Corp. Browse CLIAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Search eBioscience for ELISAs for PLA2G4A
	antibodies-online kits for PLA2G4A (33 products)

(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
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IUPHAR Guide to PHARMACOLOGY protein family classification: cPLA₂-4A

Phospholipase A₂

3 InterPro protein domains:

IPR016035 Acyl_Trfase/lysoPLipase

IPR002642 LysoPLipase_cat_dom

IPR000008 C2_dom

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P47712

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P47712

3 Blocks protein domains:

IPB000008 C2 domain

IPB002642 Lysophospholipase

IPB008162 Inorganic pyrophosphatase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PA24A_HUMAN, P47712

Domain: The N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. It modulates enzyme

activity by presenting the active site to its substrate in response to elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+)

Similarity: Contains 1 C2 domain

Similarity: Contains 1 PLA2c domain

Find genes that share domains with PLA2G4A About GenesLikeMe

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, genOway,
transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs and/or Addgene, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Flow cytometry from eBioscience, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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Molecular Function:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: PA24A_HUMAN, P47712

Function: Selectively hydrolyzes arachidonyl phospholipids in the sn-2 position releasing arachidonic acid.

Together with its lysophospholipid activity, it is implicated in the initiation of the inflammatory response

Catalytic activity: Phosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

Catalytic activity: 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

Enzyme regulation: Stimulated by agonists such as ATP, EGF, thrombin and bradykinin as well as by cytosolic Ca(2+)

Biophysicochemical properties: Kinetic parameters: Vmax=2.7 umol/min/mg enzyme for the phospholipase A2 reaction;

Vmax=4.6 umol/min/mg enzyme for the lysophosphatase reaction;

Genatlas biochemistry entry for PLA2G4A:

phospholipase A2,group IV,Ca2+ dependent,cytosolic,releasing arachidonic acid from membrane

phospholipids,initiating the biosynthesis of prostaglandins,leukotrienes and platelet-activating factor

Gene Ontology (GO): Selected molecular function terms (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004620	phospholipase activity	--	--
GO:0004622	lysophospholipase activity	IEA	--
GO:0004623	phospholipase A2 activity	TAS	--
GO:0005509	calcium ion binding	IDA	9430701
GO:0005515	protein binding	--	--

Find genes that share ontologies with PLA2G4A About GenesLikeMe

Phenotypes:
Selected MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Pla2g4a) (see all 17):

behavior/neurological	cardiovascular system	cellular	digestive/alimentary	endocrine/exocrine gland
growth/size/body	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism	immune system	mortality/aging
muscle	nervous system	other	renal/urinary system	reproductive system

Find genes that share phenotypes with PLA2G4A About GenesLikeMe

Animal Models:
MGI mouse knock-outs for PLA2G4A: Pla2g4a^tm1Tksh Pla2g4a^tm1Jvb

genOway: Develop your customized and physiologically relevant rodent model for PLA2G4A

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target PLA2G4A: hsa-mir-124-3p (MIRT022551), hsa-mir-10a-5p (MIRT047518), hsa-mir-449c-5p (MIRT052653), hsa-mir-30a-5p (MIRT028507), hsa-mir-146b-5p (MIRT041616)

		Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat PLA2G4A using miScript Target Protectors
		5 qRT-PCR Assays for microRNAs that regulate PLA2G4A:
		hsa-miR-33a* hsa-miR-144 hsa-miR-4255 hsa-miR-145 hsa-miR-543
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: PLA2G4A 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PLA2G4A
		Predesigned siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PLA2G4A

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for PLA2G4A

Clone Products:		OriGene clones in human, mouse for PLA2G4A (see all 7) OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for PLA2G4A OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: PLA2G4A (NM_024420)
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PLA2G4A
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for PLA2G4A
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PLA2G4A

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for PLA2G4A
		Browse ESI BIO Cell Lines and PureStem Progenitors for PLA2G4A

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PLA2G4A

Flow Cytometry
Products:

eBioscience FlowRNA Probe Sets ( VA1-11990) for PLA2G4A

(According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

PA24A_HUMAN, P47712: Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Note=Translocates to membrane vesicles in a

calcium-dependent fashion

Subcellular locations from COMPARTMENTS:

Compartment	Confidence
cytosol	5
endoplasmic reticulum	4
mitochondrion	4
extracellular	2
golgi apparatus	2
nucleus	2
plasma membrane	2
cytoskeleton	1

About this image

Gene Ontology (GO): Selected cellular component terms (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	--
GO:0005743	mitochondrial inner membrane	TAS	--
GO:0005783	endoplasmic reticulum	--	--
GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS	--
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	IEA	--

Find genes that share ontologies with PLA2G4A About GenesLikeMe

(SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene).
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SuperPaths for PLA2G4A About (see all 47)

See pathways by source

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by

SuperPath

Contained pathways About

Immune response Fc epsilon RI pathway

	Immune response Fc epsilon RI pathway	0.44			VEGF signaling pathway	0.39
	Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway	0.40			Fc-epsilon receptor I signaling in mast cells	0.34

Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis

Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis	0.64	Hydrolysis of LPC
Phospholipid metabolism	0.64	Acyl chain remodelling of PI
Glycerophospholipid metabolism	0.62	Acyl chain remodelling of PG
Synthesis of PA	0.33	Acyl chain remodeling of CL

Ca-dependent events

Ca-dependent events	0.93	Opioid Signalling	0.54
PLC beta mediated events	0.67	Neurophysiological process PGE2-induced pain processing	0.38
G-protein mediated events	0.65

Acyl chain remodelling of PC

	Acyl chain remodelling of PC	0.85			Ether lipid metabolism	0.48
	Acyl chain remodelling of PE	0.85			Acyl chain remodelling of PS	0.00

Arachidonic acid metabolism

	Linoleic acid metabolism	0.64			Arachidonic acid metabolism	0.41
	alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism	0.64			Arachidonic acid metabolism	0.40

Find genes that share SuperPaths with PLA2G4A About GenesLikeMe

Pathways by source See SuperPaths
Show all pathways

1 R&D Systems Pathway for PLA2G4A

VEGF - VEGF R2 Signaling Pathways

Selected Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of GeneGlobe Pathway Central Maps for PLA2G4A (see all 12)

	Chemokine Signaling
	DHA Signaling
	VEGF Family Ligands and Receptor Interactions
	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
	LDL Oxidation in Atherogenesis

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for PLA2G4A

Ca, cAMP and Lipid Signaling

Selected GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for PLA2G4A (see all 8)

	Development Leptin signaling via JAK/STAT and MAPK cascades
	Anandamide biosynthesis and metabolism
	Immune response Fc epsilon RI pathway
	Immune response CCR3 signaling in eosinophils
	Development A1 receptor signaling

Selected BioSystems Pathways for PLA2G4A (see all 8)

	p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway
	AGE/RAGE pathway
	IL-5 Signaling Pathway
	Prostaglandin Synthesis and Regulation
	Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway

Selected Reactome Pathways for PLA2G4A (see all 12)

	Acyl chain remodelling of PE
	Synthesis of PA
	Acyl chain remodelling of PC
	Arachidonic acid metabolism
	Acyl chain remodelling of PG

3 PharmGKB Pathways for PLA2G4A

	Celecoxib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics
	Leukotriene modifiers pathway, Pharmacodynamics
	Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

Selected Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for PLA2G4A) (see all 19):

	Glycerophospholipid metabolism
	Ether lipid metabolism
	Arachidonic acid metabolism
	Linoleic acid metabolism
	alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism

Pathway & Disease-focused RT² Profiler PCR Arrays including PLA2G4A:

VEGF Signaling in human mouse rat

Cardiotoxicity in human mouse rat

Interactions:

GeneGlobe Interaction Network for PLA2G4A

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

Selected Interacting proteins for PLA2G4A (P47712³ ENSP00000356436⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 134)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
CASP3	P42574³, ENSP00000311032⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000311032
CASP4	P49662³, ENSP00000388566⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000388566
GRIN1	Q05586³, ENSP00000360616⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000360616
MKNK1	Q9BUB5³, ENSP00000361014⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000361014
MYC	P01106³, ENSP00000367207⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000367207

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Gene Ontology (GO): Selected biological process terms (see all 21): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006644	phospholipid metabolic process	TAS	--
GO:0006654	phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process	TAS	--
GO:0006663	platelet activating factor biosynthetic process	NAS	9430701
GO:0006690	icosanoid metabolic process	NAS	9430701
GO:0007596	blood coagulation	TAS	--

Find genes that share ontologies with PLA2G4A About GenesLikeMe

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB)
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Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

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Browse compounds at ApexBio

Compounds for PLA2G4A available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
FIPI	Phospholipase D inhibitor	[939055-18-2]
m-3M3FBS	Phospholipase C activator	[200933-14-8]
Edelfosine	Selective PI-PLC inhibitor, also PAF receptor agonist	[77286-66-9]
U 73343	Inactive analog of U 73122 (Cat. No. 1268)	[142878-12-4]
D609	Selective PC-PLC inhibitor	[83373-60-8]

Selected HMDB Compounds for PLA2G4A (see all 2146) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
PC(O-16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z))	1-hexadecyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (see all 5)	88542-95-4	12486725
PE(O-16:1(1Z)/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))	1-alkenyl-2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine (see all 15)	--	12486725
PE(O-18:1(1Z)/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z))	1-alkenyl-2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine (see all 19)	103597-60-0	12486725
Alpha-Linolenic acid	(9,12,15)-linolenate (see all 23)	463-40-1	--
Arachidic acid	Arachate (see all 10)	506-30-9	--
Arachidonic acid	5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid (see all 16)	506-32-1	--
Calcium	Ca (see all 2)	7440-70-2	--
Glycerophosphocholine	2-[[(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)hydroxyphosphinyl]oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-Ethanaminium inner salt (see all 21)	28319-77-9	--
Glycerylphosphorylethanolamine	2-aminoethyl ester 1-Glycerophosphoric acid (see all 10)	1190-00-7	--
Heptadecanoic acid	Heptadecanoate (see all 16)	506-12-7	--

Selected DrugBank Compounds for PLA2G4A (see all 12) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Carbachol	--	51-83-2	enzyme	inducer	7730640 1417779 2519894 1373616 1636494 6091414 8344290
Quinacrine	--	83-89-6	target	inhibitor	9480923 12582837 12110374
Ethyl carbamate	Aethylcarbamat [german] (see all 20)	51-79-6	enzyme	substrate	9297603 15626436
Fluticasone Propionate	--	80474-14-2	target	inhibitor	10351938 15083746
Suramin	Bayer 205 (see all 6)	145-63-1	enzyme	inhibitor	19251299 19169647
Aldesleukin	IL-2 (see all 4)	85898-30-2	enzyme	inducer	8536274
Carbenicillin	alpha-Carboxybenzylpencillin (see all 7)	4697-36-3	enzyme	inhibitor	541266
Epirubicin	--	56420-45-2	enzyme	inhibitor	8347160
Fluocinolone Acetonide	flucinolone (see all 4)	67-73-2	enzyme	inhibitor	6743552
Niflumic Acid	2-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)aminonicotinic acid (see all 13)	4394-00-7	target	--	16301791

Selected Novoseek inferred chemical compound relationships for PLA2G4A gene (see all 107) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
aacocf3	95.3	144	8195210 (3), 8018213 (3), 10477614 (2), 12077117 (2) (see all 77)
arachidonic acid	93.5	884	9525925 (7), 7575453 (6), 17713604 (6), 11369000 (6) (see all 99)
mafp	88.5	53	8695655 (2), 8619991 (1), 9806761 (1), 12531432 (1) (see all 23)
ly311727	82.2	2	12077117 (1), 11897617 (1)
bromoenol lactone	81.9	9	17187973 (1), 12077117 (1), 15779087 (1), 9357962 (1) (see all 5)
pge2	78.3	172	7480804 (5), 1429687 (4), 7957239 (3), 8928731 (3) (see all 66)
1-stearoyl-2-arachidonylphosphatidylcholine	76.4	8	11099485 (3), 9425121 (1), 9240604 (1)
scalaradial	74.6	4	19265167 (1), 9729536 (1)
ceramide 1-phosphate	74.2	35	14676210 (7), 17472963 (7), 19101626 (4), 17890681 (4) (see all 6)
mk 886	72.7	3	12531432 (1), 11470254 (1)

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(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and/or Addgene, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, Flow cytometry from eBioscience )
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REFSEQ mRNAs for PLA2G4A gene:

NM_024420.2

Unigene Cluster for PLA2G4A:

Phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)

Hs.497200 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_024420

3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000367466(uc001gsc.3 uc010pos.2) ENST00000466600 ENST00000442353

miRNA Products:		Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat PLA2G4A using miScript Target Protectors
		5 qRT-PCR Assays for microRNAs that regulate PLA2G4A:
		hsa-miR-33a* hsa-miR-144 hsa-miR-4255 hsa-miR-145 hsa-miR-543
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Flow Cytometry
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Additional mRNA sequence:

AK290336.1 AK302938.1 BC114340.2 M68874.1 M72393.1

1 DOTS entry:

DT.106598

Selected AceView cDNA sequences (see all 28):

M72393 AW778943 M68874 AI984983 CD104330 BQ221445 BG210542 AI766240

BM791222 AU120946 NM_024420 T27650 CB985872 AA587049 AW150345 AI627464

BE439441 AI630935 BG217159 BG215562 AI277900 BG675386 CD698190 AI885963

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
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PLA2G4A expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS <intensity>^2/3
CGAP TAG: AAATAAATAC

About this image

PLA2G4A expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells About this table

Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database
selected tissues (see all 8) fully expand


Gut Tube (Gastrointestinal Tract) fully expand to see all 2 entries
Hindgut

Lung (Respiratory System) fully expand to see all 2 entries
Stem Bronchi

Endothelium (Cardiovascular System) fully expand to see all 2 entries
Adult Endothelial Cells Blood Brain Barrier

Bone (Muscoskeletal System)
Membranous Facial Bones

Kidney (Urinary System)
Metanephros

PLA2G4A Protein expression data from MOPED¹, PaxDb² and MaxQB³:

About this image

PLA2G4A Protein Expression

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.497200

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PA24A_HUMAN, P47712

Tissue specificity: Expressed in various tissues such as macrophages, platelets, neutrophils, fibroblasts and lung

endothelium

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VEGF Signaling in human mouse rat

Cardiotoxicity in human mouse rat

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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
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This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for PLA2G4A gene from Selected species (see all 15) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Pla2g4a^{1 , 5}	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)^{1, 5}	88.16(n)¹ 94.91(a)¹		1 (63.51 cM)⁵ 18783¹ NM_008869.3¹ NP_032895.1¹ 149829618⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	PLA2G4A¹	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	77.09(n) 83.89(a)		396394 NM_205423.1 NP_990754.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	PLA2G4A⁶	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-de...	81(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343203.1(1975187-2077718)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	pla2g4a-prov²	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	77.17(n)		BC056041.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	cpla2²	cytosolic phospholipase a2	75.88(n)		30554 NM_131295.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PLA2G4A (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for PLA2G4A (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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Paralogs for PLA2G4A gene

PLA2G4D² PLA2G4B² PLA2G4F² PLA2G4E² JMJD7-PLA2G4B² PLA2G4C²

3 SIMAP similar genes for PLA2G4A using alignment to 4 protein entries: PA24A_HUMAN (see all proteins):

PLA2G4C PLA2G4E PLA2G4F

Find genes that share paralogs with PLA2G4A About GenesLikeMe

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
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SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 1 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
VAR_035826⁴		A breast cancer sample⁴	--	see VAR_035826	2	H Q	mis⁴		0	--	--	--	--
rs147788201^1,2	C	--	158083242(+)	`TATAT-/ATTTTT`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs200787207^1,2	C	--	158097654(-)	`AGACTA/TTNNNN`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs201494984^1,2		--	158108261(+)	`TATTT-/ATTTTT`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs200694621^1,2	C	--	158112369(+)	`CTTTTC/TTNNNN`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs368399051^1,2	C	--	158112369(+)	`CTTTT-/CTTTTT`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs12720560^1,2	C,F	--	158112748(+)	`TAAAAA/-GTGTT`	1	--	int¹		1		NS	174
rs35813341^1,2	C	--	158120450(+)	`GGGGG-/GTGTTC`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs149570532^1,2	C	--	158121711(+)	`GGCCC-/TTTTTC`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs148141099^1,2	C	--	158137785(+)	`ATGTG-/CACAC ACACACACACAT`	1	--	cds¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for PLA2G4A (186798032 - 186958113 bp)

Structural Variations
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 6 variations for PLA2G4A: About this table

Variant ID	Type	Subtype	PubMed ID
esv2720350	CNV	Deletion	23290073
esv1010484	CNV	Insertion	20482838
esv1093925	CNV	Insertion	17803354
nsv3877	CNV	Insertion	18451855
nsv466272	CNV	Loss	19166990
nsv872590	CNV	Gain	21882294

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): PLA2G4A

Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays

SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing PLA2G4A

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for PLA2G4A

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
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OMIM gene information: 600522 OMIM disorders: --

4 diseases for PLA2G4A:
About MalaCards

phospholipase a2, group iv a, deficiency of small bowel adenocarcinoma krabbe disease colorectal cancer

Find genes that share disorders with PLA2G4A About GenesLikeMe

Selected Novoseek inferred disease relationships for PLA2G4A gene (see all 41) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
inflammation	44.8	39	9196277 (5), 19106984 (4), 15187863 (1), 8300750 (1) (see all 24)
necrosis	37.2	34	9485014 (2), 7999086 (1), 9277444 (1), 7726846 (1) (see all 27)
astrocytoma	21.4	14	10501211 (3), 8180824 (2), 9359863 (2), 9173894 (2) (see all 6)
hypereosinophilic syndrome	13	1	9987681 (1)
ehrlich ascites tumor	9.22	3	10951212 (2)
schizophrenia	8.8	22	15276701 (3), 11807411 (2), 8873778 (2), 9857971 (1) (see all 11)
familial adenomatous polyposis	3.88	3	16467083 (1), 10969066 (1)
prostate cancer	3.6	1	18343442 (1)
diabetes mellitus	2.3	1	11897617 (1)
tuberculosis	1.95	1	11390500 (1)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): PLA2G4A
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PLA2G4A (37 documents)

Export disorders for PLA2G4A gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for PLA2G4A gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 822):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PLA2G4A)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Serine 228 is essential for catalytic activities of 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2. (PubMed id 8083230)^{1, 2, 9} Sharp J.D....Kramer R.M. (J. Biol. Chem. 1994)
Identification of the phosphorylation sites of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in agonist-stimulated human platelets and HeLa cells. (PubMed id 9468497)^{1, 2, 9} Boersch-Haubold A.G.... Gelb M.H. (J. Biol. Chem. 1998)
cPLA2 is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase. (PubMed id 8381049)^{1, 2, 9} Lin L.-L.... Davis R.J. (Cell 1993)
BanI polymorphism of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 gene may confer susceptibility to the development of schizophrenia. (PubMed id 15276701)^{1, 4, 9} Pae C.U....Paik I.H. (amp 2004)
85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IValpha gene promoter polymorphisms in patients with severe asthma: a gene expression and case-control study. (PubMed id 17672871)^{1, 4, 9} Sokolowska M....Pawliczak R. (Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2007)
Allelic association analysis of phospholipase A2 genes with schizophrenia. (PubMed id 15318030)^{1, 4, 9} Junqueira R....Vallada H. (Psychiatr. Genet. 2004)
Genome-wide association scan identifies a prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 variant involved in risk of knee osteoarthritis. (PubMed id 18471798)^{1, 4, 9} Valdes A.M....Spector T.D. (Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2008)
Crystal structure of human cytosolic phospholipase A2 reveals a novel topology and catalytic mechanism. (PubMed id 10319815)^{1, 2, 9} Dessen A....Somers W.S. (Cell 1999)
Crystal structure of a calcium-phospholipid binding domain from cytosolic phospholipase A2. (PubMed id 9430701)^{1, 2, 9} Perisic O.... Williams R.L. (J. Biol. Chem. 1998)
Solution structure and membrane interactions of the C2 domain of cytosolic phospholipase A2. (PubMed id 9665851)^{1, 2, 9} Xu G.-Y....Cumming D.A. (J. Mol. Biol. 1998)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 5321	HGNC: 9035	AceView: PLA2G4A	Ensembl:ENSG00000116711	euGenes: HUgn5321
ECgene: PLA2G4A	Kegg: 5321	H-InvDB: PLA2G4A

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or others, e.g. Wikipedia and GeneReviews, via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for PLA2G4A	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for PLA2G4A	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
NIEHS-SNPs	http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/pla2g4a/

Intellectual Property for PLA2G4A gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for PLA2G4A gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving PLA2G4A

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., Thermo Fisher Scientific, eBioscience, antibodies-online, and/or others, Gene Editing from DNA2.0. Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Addgene, Cell lines from GenScript, and ESI BIO, Flow cytometery from eBioscience, PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or ApexBio, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
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PLA2G4A Gene

Phospholipase A2, Group IVA (Cytosolic, Calcium-Dependent)

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PLA2G4A Gene

Phospholipase A2, Group IVA (Cytosolic, Calcium-Dependent)

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