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PF4 Gene(Protein Coding)

Platelet Factor 4

GCID:
GC04M073980
GIFtS:
51
Genes Participants
UDN Logo

Aliases for PF4 Gene

Aliases for PF4 Gene

  • Platelet Factor 4 2 3 5
  • Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 4 2 3
  • C-X-C Motif Chemokine 4 3 4
  • Oncostatin-A 3 4
  • Iroplact 3 4
  • CXCL4 3 4
  • SCYB4 3 4
  • PF-4 3 4

External Ids for PF4 Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PF4 Gene

  • GC04M074836
  • GC04M075086
  • GC04M075247
  • GC04M075313
  • GC04M075211
  • GC04M070658

Summaries for PF4 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for PF4 Gene

  • This gene encodes a member of the CXC chemokine family. This chemokine is released from the alpha granules of activated platelets in the form of a homotetramer which has high affinity for heparin and is involved in platelet aggregation. This protein is chemotactic for numerous other cell type and also functions as an inhibitor of hematopoiesis, angiogenesis and T-cell function. The protein also exhibits antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium falciparum. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

GeneCards Summary for PF4 Gene

PF4 (Platelet Factor 4) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PF4 include Thrombocytopenia and Megakaryocytic Leukemia. Among its related pathways are PEDF Induced Signaling and Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include heparin binding and CXCR3 chemokine receptor binding. An important paralog of this gene is PF4V1.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PF4 Gene

  • Released during platelet aggregation. Neutralizes the anticoagulant effect of heparin because it binds more strongly to heparin than to the chondroitin-4-sulfate chains of the carrier molecule. Chemotactic for neutrophils and monocytes. Inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, the short form is a more potent inhibitor than the longer form.

Gene Wiki entry for PF4 Gene

Additional gene information for PF4 Gene

No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for PF4 Gene

Genomics for PF4 Gene

Products:

  1. Regulatory Element

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for PF4 Gene

Promoters and enhancers for PF4 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Identifier GH Type GH
Score		 GH Sources Gene Association Score Total Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor
Binding Sites		 Gene Targets
GH04I073981 Promoter 1.5 EPDnew Ensembl 550.8 +0.1 123 0.4 CTCF PKNOX1 ZNF792 ZNF384 ZIC2 ZNF335 ZNF600 ZBTB20 ZNF189 L3MBTL2 PF4 PIR32408
GH04I073915 Enhancer 1.1 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE 9.2 +64.8 64828 2.9 ZNF449 CEBPB EP300 ZIC2 SP1 ZFHX2 JUND ATF4 FOS FOSL2 CXCL3 CXCL8 EREG PF4 CXCL2 CXCL1 MTHFD2L HNRNPA1P55
GH04I073867 Promoter/Enhancer 1.8 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE 4.7 +112.6 112645 3.2 PKNOX1 RB1 RAD21 ZNF335 GLIS2 SCRT2 SP3 CEBPB REST ZEB2 CXCL1 PF4V1 PF4 HNRNPA1P55
GH04I074004 Enhancer 1 ENCODE dbSUPER 7.4 -23.8 -23766 3.4 FOXA2 SIN3A RARA CREM HMG20B SP5 CEBPB SP1 NFIL3 IKZF1 PF4 CXCL5 RN7SL218P
GH04I073978 Enhancer 0.6 ENCODE 12.1 +3.0 3043 1.2 MAFG ZBTB40 ZNF316 SMARCA4 IKZF1 NFE2 PRDM10 FOS EMSY MAFK PF4 CXCL5 PF4V1 PIR32408
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data dump

GeneHancers around PF4 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PF4 gene promoter:

Genomic Locations for PF4 Gene

Genomic Locations for PF4 Gene
chr4:73,980,825-73,982,124
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
1,300 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand
chr4:74,846,794-74,847,841
(GRCh37/hg19)

Genomic View for PF4 Gene

Genes around PF4 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
PF4 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for PF4 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for PF4 Gene

Proteins for PF4 Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for PF4 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    P02776-PLF4_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Platelet factor 4
    Protein Accession:
    P02776
    Secondary Accessions:
    • Q53X61
    • Q9UC64
    • Q9UC65

    Protein attributes for PF4 Gene

    Size:
    101 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    10845 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • Homotetramer.

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for PF4 Gene

neXtProt entry for PF4 Gene

Protein Expression for PF4 Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Post-translational modifications for PF4 Gene

No Post-translational modifications

Other Protein References for PF4 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for PF4 Gene

Domains & Families for PF4 Gene

Gene Families for PF4 Gene

Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Cancer-related genes
  • Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
  • Plasma proteins
  • Predicted secreted proteins

Protein Domains for PF4 Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PF4 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

P02776

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

PLF4_HUMAN :
  • Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
Family:
  • Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with PF4: view

Function for PF4 Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line

Molecular function for PF4 Gene

GENATLAS Biochemistry:
platelet factor 4 (see IMC2@)
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Released during platelet aggregation. Neutralizes the anticoagulant effect of heparin because it binds more strongly to heparin than to the chondroitin-4-sulfate chains of the carrier molecule. Chemotactic for neutrophils and monocytes. Inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, the short form is a more potent inhibitor than the longer form.

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for PF4 Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for PF4 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005125 cytokine activity IEA --
GO:0005515 protein binding IPI 19805618
GO:0008009 chemokine activity TAS 12466273
GO:0008201 heparin binding IDA 9531587
GO:0048248 CXCR3 chemokine receptor binding IDA 12782716
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PF4: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with PF4: view

Animal Models for PF4 Gene

MGI Knock Outs for PF4:

Animal Model Products

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

Clone Products

  • Addgene plasmids for PF4

No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PF4 Gene

Localization for PF4 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PF4 Gene

Secreted.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for PF4 gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 5
plasma membrane 2
cytosol 2
lysosome 2
cytoskeleton 1
nucleus 1

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for PF4 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005576 extracellular region TAS --
GO:0005615 extracellular space IBA --
GO:0005737 cytoplasm IDA 23245326
GO:0020005 symbiont-containing vacuole membrane IDA 23245326
GO:0031093 platelet alpha granule lumen TAS --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PF4: view

No data available for Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for PF4 Gene

Pathways & Interactions for PF4 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with PF4: view

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for PF4 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0002576 platelet degranulation TAS --
GO:0006935 chemotaxis IEA --
GO:0006952 defense response IEA --
GO:0006954 inflammatory response IBA --
GO:0006955 immune response IBA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PF4: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for PF4 Gene

Drugs & Compounds for PF4 Gene

Products:

  1. Drug

(60) Drugs for PF4 Gene - From: DrugBank and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Heparin Approved, Investigational Pharma Antagonist, Target 905,282
Drotrecogin alfa Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Pharma Target 0

(55) Additional Compounds for PF4 Gene - From: Novoseek

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with PF4: view

Transcripts for PF4 Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone

mRNA/cDNA for PF4 Gene

(2) REFSEQ mRNAs :
(4) Additional mRNA sequences :
(30) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
(1) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :

Unigene Clusters for PF4 Gene

Platelet factor 4:
Representative Sequences:

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

Clone Products

  • Addgene plasmids for PF4

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PF4 Gene

No ASD Table

Relevant External Links for PF4 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
PF4
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for
PF4

Expression for PF4 Gene

Products:

  1. Primer

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and CGAP SAGE for PF4 Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for PF4 Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for PF4 GenemRNA expression by GTEx for PF4 Gene

mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for PF4 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Whole Blood (x44.9) and Spleen (x4.4).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for PF4 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Platelet (55.6) and Serum (7.0).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for PF4 Gene



NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of PF4 Gene:

PF4

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PF4 Gene:

Hs.81564

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PF4 Gene

  • Blood(4.7)
  • Bone marrow(2.9)
  • Heart(2.5)
  • Spleen(2.1)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with PF4: view

Primer Products

No data available for Protein tissue co-expression partners , mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PF4 Gene

Orthologs for PF4 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for PF4 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia PF4 33 34
  • 99.01 (n)
mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Pf4 33 16 34
  • 79.22 (n)
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Pf4 33
  • 78.35 (n)
cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia PF4 33 34
  • 78.08 (n)
platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia -- 34
  • 44 (a)
 ManyToMany
-- 34
  • 39 (a)
 ManyToMany
-- 34
  • 33 (a)
 ManyToMany
oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia -- 34
  • 38 (a)
 OneToMany
chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves -- 34
  • 33 (a)
 OneToMany
lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia -- 34
  • 32 (a)
 OneToMany
Species where no ortholog for PF4 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • corn (Zea mays)
  • dog (Canis familiaris)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
  • green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • honey bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
  • malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • pig (Sus scrofa)
  • rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • rice (Oryza sativa)
  • rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • soybean (Glycine max)
  • stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
  • wheat (Triticum aestivum)
  • worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
  • zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Evolution for PF4 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for PF4 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for PF4 (if available)

Paralogs for PF4 Gene

Paralogs for PF4 Gene

(9) SIMAP similar genes for PF4 Gene using alignment to 1 proteins:

genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with PF4: view

Variants for PF4 Gene

Sequence variations from dbSNP and Humsavar for PF4 Gene

SNP ID Clin Chr 04 pos Variation AA Info Type
rs1000508914 -- 73,980,742(-) A/T downstream_transcript_variant
rs1001114874 -- 73,982,063(-) C/A 5_prime_UTR_variant, genic_upstream_transcript_variant, upstream_transcript_variant
rs1001315339 -- 73,981,798(-) G/A 5_prime_UTR_variant, intron_variant
rs1001909885 -- 73,983,821(-) G/T upstream_transcript_variant
rs1002297744 -- 73,982,395(-) C/T upstream_transcript_variant

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for PF4 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
esv3575747 CNV gain 25503493
nsv1001725 CNV gain 25217958
nsv1004768 CNV gain 25217958
nsv1006029 CNV gain 25217958
nsv525980 CNV gain 19592680

Variation tolerance for PF4 Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 47.2% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 0.49; 10.57% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for PF4 Gene

SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
PF4

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PF4 Gene

Disorders for PF4 Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(27) MalaCards diseases for PF4 Gene - From: DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards

Disorder Aliases PubMed IDs
thrombocytopenia
megakaryocytic leukemia
  • acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia, fab m7
essential thrombocythemia
  • essential thrombocythaemia
thrombophilia
  • hypercoagulability state
thrombosis
  • thrombosis of blood vessel
- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards
Search PF4 in MalaCards View complete list of genes associated with diseases

Additional Disease Information for PF4

Genetic Association Database
(GAD)
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with PF4: view

No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for PF4 Gene

Publications for PF4 Gene

  1. NMR solution structure of the 32-kDa platelet factor 4 ELR-motif N-terminal chimera: a symmetric tetramer. (PMID: 7547867) Mayo KH … Daly TJ (Biochemistry 1995) 3 4 22 58
  2. Crystal structure of recombinant human platelet factor 4. (PMID: 8031770) Zhang X … Maione TE (Biochemistry 1994) 3 4 22 58
  3. Structural and functional comparison of the genes for human platelet factor 4 and PF4alt. (PMID: 1695112) Eisman R … Poncz M (Blood 1990) 3 4 22 58
  4. Interleukin-9 polymorphism in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection: an opposite effect in boys and girls. (PMID: 20503287) Schuurhof A … Janssen R (Pediatric pulmonology 2010) 3 44 58
  5. Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study. (PMID: 20628086) Bailey SD … DREAM investigators (Diabetes care 2010) 3 44 58

Products for PF4 Gene

  • Addgene plasmids for PF4

Sources for PF4 Gene

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