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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

PF4 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 62
GCID: GC04M074836

platelet factor 4

(Previous name: platelet factor 4 )

Explore 137 diseases affiliated with
PF4 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Platelet Factor 4¹ ²		Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 4²
CXCL4¹ ² ³		Iroplact³
SCYB4¹ ² ³		Oncostatin-A³
PF-4² ³		Iroplact³
C-X-C Motif Chemokine 4² ³		Oncostatin-A³

External Ids:	HGNC: 8861¹	Entrez Gene: 5196²	Ensembl: ENSG00000163737⁷	OMIM: 173460⁵	UniProtKB: P02776³

Export aliases for PF4 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04M075086 GC04M075247 GC04M075313 GC04M075211 GC04M070658

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for PF4:

This gene encodes a member of the CXC chemokine family. This chemokine is released from the alpha granules of activated

platelets in the form of a homotetramer which has high affinity for heparin and is involved in platelet aggregation.

This protein is chemotactic for numerous other cell type and also functions as an inhibitor of hematopoiesis,

angiogenesis and T-cell function. (provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PLF4_HUMAN, P02776

Function: Released during platelet aggregation. Neutralizes the anticoagulant effect of heparin because it binds more

strongly to heparin than to the chondroitin-4-sulfate chains of the carrier molecule. Chemotactic for neutrophils and

monocytes. Inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, the short form is a more potent inhibitor than the longer form

Gene Wiki entry for PF4 (Platelet factor 4)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000004.11 NC_018915.1 NT_022778.16

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PF4 gene promoter:
AML1a
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: PF4 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for PF4

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PF4

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q12-q21 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 4q13.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q12-q21

PF4 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
PF4 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04M074836: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	74,846,794 bp from pter	End:	74,847,841 bp from pter
Size:	1,048 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PLF4_HUMAN, P02776 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Platelet factor 4 precursor

Size: 101 amino acids; 10845 Da

Subunit: Homotetramer

Subcellular location: Secreted

Mass spectrometry: Mass=7765; Method=Electrospray; Range=32-101; Source=PubMed:7644496;

Mass spectrometry: Mass=6033; Method=Electrospray; Range=48-101; Note=Short form; Source=PubMed:7644496;

6/7 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for PF4 (see all 7):

1DN3 (3D)

1F9Q (3D)

1F9R (3D)

1F9S (3D)

1PFM (3D)

1PFN (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q53X61 Q9UC64 Q9UC65

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PF4: NX_P02776

Post-translational modifications:

Binds non-covalently to a proteoglycan molecule¹

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P02776

PF4 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_002610.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000296029

Reactome Protein details: P02776
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for PF4
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for PF4
	Uscn Proteins for PF4

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	--
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	--
GO:0031093	platelet alpha granule lumen	TAS	--

PF4 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

PF4 Antibody Products:

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Assay Products for PF4:

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	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for PF4

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

PF4 for domains About GeneDecksing

4 InterPro domains/families:

IPR027222 PF4

IPR001811 Chemokine_IL8-like_dom

IPR001089 Chemokine_CXC

IPR018048 Chemokine_CXC_CS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P02776

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P02776

1 Blocks protein family: IPB002473 Interleukin-8 signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PLF4_HUMAN, P02776

Similarity: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PLF4_HUMAN, P02776

Function: Released during platelet aggregation. Neutralizes the anticoagulant effect of heparin because it binds more

strongly to heparin than to the chondroitin-4-sulfate chains of the carrier molecule. Chemotactic for neutrophils and

monocytes. Inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, the short form is a more potent inhibitor than the longer form

Genatlas biochemistry entry for PF4:

platelet factor 4 (see IMC2@)

miRNA Products:		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat PF4
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Gene Editing
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Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for PF4
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In Situ Assay
Products:

Search Advanced Cell Diagnostics for RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PF4

Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0008009	chemokine activity	TAS	12466273
GO:0008201	heparin binding	IDA	9531587

PF4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:
     Mouse knock-out Pf4^tm1Mako for PF4
     2 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Pf4):

hematopoietic system

homeostasis/metabolism

PF4 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/12 super-pathways (see all 12) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

PEDF Induced Signaling

8/9 pathways (see all 9)
PEDF Induced Signaling	1.00	RAR-Gamma-RXR-Alpha Degradation	0.54
MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation	0.73	STAT3 Pathway	0.47
MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells	0.71	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway	0.44
IL-6 Pathway	0.61	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction	0.26

Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)

	Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	1.00			Peptide ligand-binding receptors	0.61
	GPCR ligand binding	0.75			G alpha (i) signalling events	0.44

Rho Family GTPases

	Rho Family GTPases	1.00			Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer	0.51
	ERK Signaling	0.61

Signaling by GPCR

	Signaling by GPCR	1.00			Signal Transduction	0.56
	GPCR downstream signaling	0.89

Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation

Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation

1.00

Hemostasis

0.43

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

5/17 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for PF4 (see all 17)

	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway
	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
	Transendothelial Migration of Leukocytes
	MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation

1 BioSystems Pathway for PF4

CXCR3-mediated signaling events

5/12 Reactome Pathways for PF4 (see all 12)

	GPCR downstream signaling
	Hemostasis
	Peptide ligand-binding receptors
	Signaling by GPCR
	GPCR ligand binding

2 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for PF4):

	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
	Chemokine signaling pathway

PF4 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PF4

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/71 Interacting proteins for PF4 (P02776^{2, 3} ENSP00000296029⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 71)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
IL8	P10145³, ENSP00000306512⁴	I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000306512
PROC	P04070³, ENSP00000234071⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000234071
SRGN	P10124³, ENSP00000242465⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000242465
CXCL12	P48061³, ENSP00000363548⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000363548
CCL5	P13501³, ENSP00000293272⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000293272

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/15 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 15): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0002576	platelet degranulation	TAS	--
GO:0006955	immune response	IEA	--
GO:0007596	blood coagulation	TAS	--
GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression	IDA	10666185
GO:0010744	positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	IDA	17244792

PF4 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

PF4 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for PF4

1 DrugBank Compound for PF4 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Drotrecogin alfa	Anticoagulant protein C (see all 4)	60202-16-6	target	--	11259926

10/114 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PF4 gene (see all 114) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
heparin	87.7	940	8282825 (7), 17257993 (6), 8857955 (6), 1537108 (6) (see all 99)
danaparoid	84.1	2	18983520 (1), 16109780 (1)
hirudin	80.3	7	16404704 (1), 9024148 (1), 18541684 (1), 1832654 (1) (see all 5)
fibrinopeptide a	75.6	11	7646626 (2), 7539015 (2), 7637955 (1), 1720884 (1) (see all 6)
txb2	75.1	95	8329704 (5), 1840363 (3), 10475099 (3), 15613179 (2) (see all 46)
fondaparinux	72.6	12	18262226 (3), 9518042 (1), 15317404 (1), 16359523 (1) (see all 10)
rantes	68.4	87	15459010 (9), 15899984 (5), 19201759 (3), 7531729 (3) (see all 38)
fibrinogen	67.9	72	17351162 (3), 8996302 (2), 11077138 (2), 7553675 (2) (see all 50)
tecogalan sodium	65.4	2	9409948 (1), 10439927 (1)
adp	65.1	49	7843648 (3), 12889011 (3), 9863147 (2), 11782701 (2) (see all 30)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about PF4 / PLF4

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for PF4 gene:

NM_002619.3

Unigene Cluster for PF4:

Platelet factor 4

Hs.81564 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_002619

1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000296029(uc003hhi.2)

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		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat PF4
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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PF4

Additional cDNA sequence:

BC093965.1 BC112093.1 CR407677.1 M25897.1

2 DOTS entries:

DT.113152 DT.121223983

24/30 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 30):

CR407677 AI078445 BQ023965 N92470 AA024823 NM_002619 AI739539 M25897

T28407 AJ705588 AI185569 AA152486 T84282 BX114245 AA024929 W17158

T85166 AI766542 BV177626 CA426108 AI400188 AA152485 AI470327 R83715

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

PF4 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: --

About this image

PF4 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

8 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Head Mesenchyme

Branchial Arch 1

Cranial Neural Crest Cells

Neural Crest

Kidney

Metanephric Mesenchyme

Metanephric Mesenchyme Cells

Kidney

S-shaped Body

Kidney Endothelial Cells

Endothelium

Skeletal Muscle

Hyoid Arch Muscles

Myoblasts

Skeletal Muscle

Mandibular Arch Muscles

Skeletal Muscle

Brain

Brain

Liver

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See PF4 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for PF4

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.81564

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including PF4 (see all 8):

Endothelial Cell Biology in human mouse rat

Angiogenic Growth Factors in human mouse rat

Inflammatory Cytokines & Receptors in human mouse rat

Cytokines & Chemokines in human mouse rat

Angiogenesis in human mouse rat

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In Situ
Assay Products:

Search Advanced Cell Diagnostics for RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PF4

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for PF4 gene from 1/7 species (see all 7) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	--	Uncharacterized protein	34(a)	1 → many	4(52472071-52473367)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PF4 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for PF4 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for PF4 gene

CXCL3² CXCL5² PPBP² CXCL1² PF4V1² IL8² CXCL2² CXCL6²

9 SIMAP similar genes for PF4 using alignment to 1 protein entry: PLF4_HUMAN:

PF4V1 PPBP CXCL5 CXCL10 CXCL6 CXCL1

CXCL2 IL8 CXCL3

PF4 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PF4

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for PF4

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

PF4 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 173460    OMIM disorders: --

20/137 diseases for PF4 (see all 137):    About MalaCards

disseminated intravascular coagulation heparin-induced thrombocytopenia spinal cord injury glanzmann's thrombasthenia

acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis intermittent claudication mitral valve prolapse hematopoiesis

arteriosclerosis obliterans polycythemia vera corneal neovascularization von willebrand's disease

pre-eclampsia myocardial infarction abdominal aortic aneurysm atrial fibrillation

acute myocardial infarction peripheral vascular disease pulmonary embolism thrombasthenia

3 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for PF4:

Thrombocytopenia Vascular disease Heart disease

10/94 Novoseek disease relationships for PF4 gene (see all 94) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
thrombocytopenia	85.4	191	8282825 (3), 12753876 (3), 17495129 (3), 10938877 (2) (see all 99)
thrombosis	75.6	75	14764524 (3), 20004006 (3), 9002937 (3), 8282825 (2) (see all 38)
abnormal platelets	61.3	2	2141791 (1), 1931099 (1)
thromboembolism	60.5	6	11827497 (1), 11442479 (1), 19521017 (1)
megakaryoblastic leukemia acute	60.5	2	1337850 (1), 1493450 (1)
thrombocytosis	59.9	10	2140694 (2), 1826402 (1), 10086090 (1), 16462666 (1) (see all 6)
thrombophilia	58.4	2	11342462 (1), 16766786 (1)
thrombocythemia essential	51.3	4	1386487 (1), 16138352 (1), 15352995 (1), 16977569 (1)
platelet aggregation, spontaneous	48.8	3	1692679 (1), 8870174 (1)
erythromelalgia	46.9	5	16138352 (2), 12781799 (1), 8883266 (1)

Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PF4 (10 documents)

Export disorders for PF4 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for PF4 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 908):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PF4)

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Structural and functional comparison of the genes for human platelet factor 4 and PF4alt. (PubMed id 1695112)^{1, 2, 9} Eisman R.... Poncz M. (1990)
Localization of distal regulatory domains in the megakaryocyte- specific platelet basic protein/platelet factor 4 gene locus. (PubMed id 11468158)^{1, 2, 9} Zhang C.... Reilly M.P. (2001)
Crystal structure of recombinant human platelet factor 4. (PubMed id 8031770)^{1, 2, 9} Zhang X.... Maione T.E. (1994)
Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. (PubMed id 15815621)^{1, 2} Hillier L.W....Wilson R.K. (2005)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Cloning and characterization of platelet factor 4 cDNA derived from a human erythroleukemic cell line. (PubMed id 3098319)^{1, 2} Poncz M.... Schwartz E. (1987)
Human platelet factor 4 gene is mapped to 4q12----q21. (PubMed id 3622011)^{1, 3} Griffin C.A....Poncz M. (1987)
Complete covalent structure of human platelet factor 4. (PubMed id 6445090)^{1, 2} Morgan F.J.... Chesterman C.N. (1980)
Isolation, crystallization, and primary amino acid sequence of human platelet factor 4. (PubMed id 893407)^{1, 2} Hermodson M.... Kurachi K. (1977)
Primary structure of human platelet factor 4. (PubMed id 601757)^{1, 2} Walz D.A.... McCoy L.E. (1977)

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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 5196	HGNC: 8861	AceView: PF4	Ensembl:ENSG00000163737	euGenes: HUgn5196
ECgene: PF4	Kegg: 5196	H-InvDB: PF4

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for PF4	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for PF4	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL4

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