Aliases for PER1 Gene
Aliases for PER1 Gene
External Ids for PER1 Gene
- HGNC: 8845
- Entrez Gene: 5187
- Ensembl: ENSG00000179094
- OMIM: 602260
- UniProtKB: O15534
Previous HGNC Symbols for PER1 Gene
- PER
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PER1 Gene
- GC17U990073
- GC17M009132
- GC17M007986
- GC17M008244
- GC17M007984
- GC17M008043
- GC17M007938
- GC17M008164
- GC17M008186
Summaries for PER1 Gene
-
This gene is a member of the Period family of genes and is expressed in a circadian pattern in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the primary circadian pacemaker in the mammalian brain. Genes in this family encode components of the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity, metabolism, and behavior. This gene is upregulated by CLOCK/ARNTL heterodimers but then represses this upregulation in a feedback loop using PER/CRY heterodimers to interact with CLOCK/ARNTL. Polymorphisms in this gene may increase the risk of getting certain cancers. Alternative splicing has been observed in this gene; however, these variants have not been fully described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
GeneCards Summary for PER1 Gene
PER1 (Period Circadian Clock 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PER1 include pseudopterygium and cornea cancer. Among its related pathways are Circadian entrainment and Circadian rhythm. GO annotations related to this gene include transcription factor binding and RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding. An important paralog of this gene is PER2.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PER1 Gene
-
Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots circa (about) and diem (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for timegivers). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1, ARNTL2/BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a period shorter and longer than 24 hours, respectively. Disruptions in the circadian rhythms contribute to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic syndromes and aging. A transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) forms the core of the molecular circadian clock mechanism. Transcription factors, CLOCK or NPAS2 and ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, form the positive limb of the feedback loop, act in the form of a heterodimer and activate the transcription of core clock genes and clock-controlled genes (involved in key metabolic processes), harboring E-box elements (5-CACGTG-3) within their promoters. The core clock genes: PER1/2/3 and CRY1/2 which are transcriptional repressors form the negative limb of the feedback loop and interact with the CLOCK NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1 ARNTL2/BMAL2 heterodimer inhibiting its activity and thereby negatively regulating their own expression. This heterodimer also activates nuclear receptors NR1D1/2 and RORA/B/G, which form a second feedback loop and which activate and repress ARNTL/BMAL1 transcription, respectively. Regulates circadian target genes expression at post-transcriptional levels, but may not be required for the repression at transcriptional level. Controls PER2 protein decay. Represses CRY2 preventing its repression on CLOCK/ARNTL target genes such as FXYD5 and SCNN1A in kidney and PPARA in liver. Besides its involvement in the maintenance of the circadian clock, has an important function in the regulation of several processes. Participates in the repression of glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1/GR-induced transcriptional activity by reducing the association of NR3C1/GR to glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) by ARNTL:CLOCK. Plays a role in the modulation of the neuroinflammatory state via the regulation of inflammatory mediators release, such as CCL2 and IL6. In spinal astrocytes, negatively regulates the MAPK14/p38 and MAPK8/JNK MAPK cascades as well as the subsequent activation of NFkappaB. Coordinately regulates the expression of multiple genes that are involved in the regulation of renal sodium reabsorption. Can act as gene expression activator in a gene and tissue specific manner, in kidney enhances WNK1 and SLC12A3 expression in collaboration with CLOCK. Modulates hair follicle cycling. Represses the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 induced transcription of BHLHE40/DEC1.
No data available for Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for PER1 Gene
Genomics for PER1 Gene
Regulatory Elements for PER1 Gene
Enhancers for PER1 Gene
| GeneHancer Identifier | Score | Enhancer Sources | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer | Other Gene Targets for Enhancer |
|---|
Enhancers around PER1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Promoters for PER1 Gene
| Ensembl Regulatory Elements (ENSRs) | TSS Distance (bp) | Size (bp) | Binding Sites for Transcription Factors within promoters |
|---|
ENSRs around PER1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PER1 gene promoter:
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Location for PER1 Gene
- Chromosome:
- 17
- Start:
- 8,140,470 bp from pter
- End:
- 8,156,506 bp from pter
- Size:
- 16,037 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for PER1 Gene
Genes around PER1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 17p13.1 by Ensembl
- 17p13.1 by Entrez Gene
- 17p13.1 by HGNC
PER1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for PER1 Gene
Proteins for PER1 Gene
-
Protein details for PER1 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- O15534-PER1_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Period circadian protein homolog 1
- Protein Accession:
- O15534
- B2RPA8
- B4DI49
- D3DTR3
Protein attributes for PER1 Gene
- Size:
- 1290 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 136212 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Homodimer. Component of the circadian core oscillator, which includes the CRY proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS, and the PER proteins. Interacts directly with TIMELESS, PER2, PER3 and, through a C-terminal domain, with CRY1 and CRY2. Interacts with ARNTL/BMAL1 and CLOCK. Interacts with GPRASP1. Interacts (phosphorylated) with BTRC and FBXW11; the interactions trigger proteasomal degradation. Interacts with NONO, WDR5 and SFPQ. Interacts with USP2 (By similarity).
- SequenceCaution:
-
- Sequence=BAC06326.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
Protein Expression for PER1 Gene
Post-translational modifications for PER1 Gene
- Phosphorylated on serine residues by CSNK1D, CSNK1E and probably also by CSNK1G2. Phosphorylation by CSNK1D or CSNK1E promotes nuclear location of PER proteins as well as ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. May be dephosphorylated by PP1.
- Ubiquitinated; requires phosphorylation by CSNK1E and interaction with BTRC and FBXW11. Deubiquitinated by USP2 (By similarity).
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
- Modification sites at neXtProt
Other Protein References for PER1 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- EMD Millipore Complete listing of Mono and Polychlonal Antibodies for PER1
- R&D Systems Antibodies for PER1 (PER1)
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PER1
- Abcam antibodies for PER1 (O15534)
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for PER1
- Invitrogen Antibodies for PER1
- antibodies-online Antibodies for PER1: See all 61
- GeneTex PER1 antibody for PER1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PER1
Protein Products
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for PER1
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PER1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PER1
- Novus Biologicals lysates for PER1
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for PER1
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for PER1
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for PER1 Gene
Domains & Families for PER1 Gene
Protein Domains for PER1 Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PER1 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
O15534- Domain:
-
- Contains 1 PAC (PAS-associated C-terminal) domain.
- Contains 2 PAS (PER-ARNT-SIM) domains.
No data available for Gene Families for PER1 Gene
Function for PER1 Gene
Molecular function for PER1 Gene
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- Drosophila period gene homolog,ortholog of murine Rigui,expressed in suprachiasmatic nucleus,putative key regulator of circadian rythms
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots circa (about) and diem (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for timegivers). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1, ARNTL2/BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a period shorter and longer than 24 hours, respectively. Disruptions in the circadian rhythms contribute to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic syndromes and aging. A transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) forms the core of the molecular circadian clock mechanism. Transcription factors, CLOCK or NPAS2 and ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, form the positive limb of the feedback loop, act in the form of a heterodimer and activate the transcription of core clock genes and clock-controlled genes (involved in key metabolic processes), harboring E-box elements (5-CACGTG-3) within their promoters. The core clock genes: PER1/2/3 and CRY1/2 which are transcriptional repressors form the negative limb of the feedback loop and interact with the CLOCK NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1 ARNTL2/BMAL2 heterodimer inhibiting its activity and thereby negatively regulating their own expression. This heterodimer also activates nuclear receptors NR1D1/2 and RORA/B/G, which form a second feedback loop and which activate and repress ARNTL/BMAL1 transcription, respectively. Regulates circadian target genes expression at post-transcriptional levels, but may not be required for the repression at transcriptional level. Controls PER2 protein decay. Represses CRY2 preventing its repression on CLOCK/ARNTL target genes such as FXYD5 and SCNN1A in kidney and PPARA in liver. Besides its involvement in the maintenance of the circadian clock, has an important function in the regulation of several processes. Participates in the repression of glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1/GR-induced transcriptional activity by reducing the association of NR3C1/GR to glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) by ARNTL:CLOCK. Plays a role in the modulation of the neuroinflammatory state via the regulation of inflammatory mediators release, such as CCL2 and IL6. In spinal astrocytes, negatively regulates the MAPK14/p38 and MAPK8/JNK MAPK cascades as well as the subsequent activation of NFkappaB. Coordinately regulates the expression of multiple genes that are involved in the regulation of renal sodium reabsorption. Can act as gene expression activator in a gene and tissue specific manner, in kidney enhances WNK1 and SLC12A3 expression in collaboration with CLOCK. Modulates hair follicle cycling. Represses the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 induced transcription of BHLHE40/DEC1.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
- Serum-induced levels in fibroblasts show circadian oscillations. Maximum levels after 1 hour stimulation, minimum levels after 12 hours. Another peak is then observed after 20 hours. Protein levels show maximum levels at 6 hours, decrease to reach minimum levels at 20 hours, and increase again to reach a second peak after 26 hours. Levels then decrease slightly and then increase to maximum levels at 32 hours. Levels of phosphorylated form increase between 3 hours and 12 hours.
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000976 | transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0008134 | transcription factor binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0031490 | chromatin DNA binding | ISS | -- |
Phenotypes for PER1 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for PER1:
- inferred from 3 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PER1:
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for PER1 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for PER1 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for PER1
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PER1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PER1
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for PER1
miRNA for PER1 Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target PER1
-
- hsa-mir-335-5p (MIRT016887)
- hsa-mir-484 (MIRT042311)
- hsa-mir-17-5p (MIRT050902)
- hsa-let-7b-5p (MIRT052278)
- hsa-mir-29a-3p (MIRT054573)
- hsa-mir-29b-3p (MIRT054574)
- hsa-mir-29c-3p (MIRT054575)
- hsa-mir-4323 (MIRT117166)
- hsa-mir-6165 (MIRT117171)
- hsa-mir-1227-5p (MIRT289772)
- hsa-mir-4260 (MIRT289774)
- hsa-mir-4749-5p (MIRT492740)
- hsa-mir-4706 (MIRT492741)
- hsa-mir-2277-5p (MIRT492742)
- hsa-mir-4479 (MIRT492743)
- hsa-mir-4468 (MIRT492744)
- hsa-mir-4677-3p (MIRT492745)
- hsa-mir-6889-5p (MIRT492746)
- hsa-mir-6777-5p (MIRT492747)
- hsa-mir-1539 (MIRT492748)
- hsa-mir-5089-5p (MIRT492749)
- hsa-mir-6506-5p (MIRT492750)
- hsa-mir-619-5p (MIRT492751)
- hsa-mir-1976 (MIRT492752)
- hsa-mir-3653-5p (MIRT492753)
- hsa-mir-1266-3p (MIRT492754)
- hsa-mir-6840-3p (MIRT492755)
- hsa-mir-4692 (MIRT492756)
- hsa-mir-4514 (MIRT492757)
- hsa-mir-6715b-5p (MIRT492758)
- hsa-mir-4269 (MIRT492759)
- hsa-mir-4742-5p (MIRT492760)
- hsa-mir-510-5p (MIRT492761)
- hsa-mir-6750-3p (MIRT492762)
- hsa-mir-28-3p (MIRT492763)
- hsa-mir-3175 (MIRT506246)
- hsa-mir-552-5p (MIRT510986)
- hsa-mir-3195 (MIRT510987)
- hsa-mir-302d-5p (MIRT510988)
- hsa-mir-302b-5p (MIRT510989)
- hsa-mir-4305 (MIRT510990)
- hsa-mir-4524b-3p (MIRT510991)
- hsa-mir-5004-3p (MIRT513770)
- hsa-mir-4444 (MIRT513771)
- hsa-mir-1290 (MIRT513772)
- hsa-mir-3167 (MIRT513773)
- hsa-mir-876-5p (MIRT513774)
- hsa-mir-4529-5p (MIRT513775)
- hsa-mir-6884-3p (MIRT513776)
- hsa-mir-614 (MIRT513777)
- hsa-mir-6776-3p (MIRT513778)
- hsa-mir-107 (MIRT521981)
- hsa-mir-103a-3p (MIRT521982)
- hsa-mir-483-3p (MIRT521983)
- hsa-mir-34c-3p (MIRT521984)
- hsa-mir-3074-3p (MIRT521985)
- hsa-mir-5692c (MIRT521986)
- hsa-mir-5692b (MIRT521987)
- hsa-mir-4703-5p (MIRT521988)
- hsa-mir-3942-5p (MIRT521989)
- hsa-mir-1277-5p (MIRT521990)
- hsa-mir-7156-3p (MIRT535382)
- hsa-mir-3944-5p (MIRT535383)
- hsa-mir-5699-5p (MIRT535384)
- hsa-mir-5702 (MIRT535385)
- hsa-mir-6793-3p (MIRT535386)
- hsa-mir-10b-3p (MIRT535387)
- hsa-mir-95-5p (MIRT535388)
- hsa-mir-520e (MIRT535389)
- hsa-mir-520d-3p (MIRT535390)
- hsa-mir-520c-3p (MIRT535391)
- hsa-mir-520b (MIRT535392)
- hsa-mir-520a-3p (MIRT535393)
- hsa-mir-373-3p (MIRT535394)
- hsa-mir-372-3p (MIRT535395)
- hsa-mir-302e (MIRT535396)
- hsa-mir-302d-3p (MIRT535397)
- hsa-mir-302c-3p (MIRT535398)
- hsa-mir-302b-3p (MIRT535399)
- hsa-mir-302a-3p (MIRT535400)
- hsa-mir-519c-3p (MIRT535401)
- hsa-mir-519b-3p (MIRT535402)
- hsa-mir-519a-3p (MIRT535403)
- hsa-mir-5692a (MIRT535404)
- hsa-mir-5572 (MIRT655272)
- hsa-mir-450a-2-3p (MIRT655273)
- hsa-mir-3692-3p (MIRT655274)
- hsa-mir-6875-3p (MIRT655275)
- hsa-mir-519e-5p (MIRT655276)
- hsa-mir-515-5p (MIRT655277)
- hsa-mir-128-2-5p (MIRT655278)
- hsa-mir-128-1-5p (MIRT655279)
- hsa-mir-6762-5p (MIRT655280)
- hsa-mir-6845-5p (MIRT655281)
- hsa-mir-136-5p (MIRT655282)
- hsa-mir-1228-3p (MIRT655283)
- hsa-mir-6782-3p (MIRT655284)
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for PER1
Clone Products
- OriGene clones in human for PER1
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for PER1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
Cell Line Products
-
ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for PER1 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for PER1 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for PER1 gene
Flow Cytometry Products
- eBioscience FlowRNA Probe Sets (VA1-12252) for PER1
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PER1 Gene
Localization for PER1 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PER1 Gene
- Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Note=Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is effected by interaction with other circadian core oscillator proteins and/or by phosphorylation. Retention of PER1 in the cytoplasm occurs through PER1-PER2 heterodimer formation. Translocate to the nucleus after phosphorylation by CSNK1D or CSNK1E. Also translocated to the nucleus by CRY1 or CRY2 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| nucleus | 5 |
| cytosol | 3 |
| extracellular | 2 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 1 |
| peroxisome | 1 |
No data available for Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for PER1 Gene
Pathways & Interactions for PER1 Gene
More details on SuperPathways for PER1| Superpath | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Circadian rhythm |
.30
|
|
| 2 | BMAL1-CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression |
.67
|
|
| 3 | Circadian entrainment | ||
| 4 | Influenza A | ||
| 5 | HIF1Alpha Pathway |
Pathways by source for PER1 Gene
2 BioSystems pathways for PER1 Gene
2 Reactome pathways for PER1 Gene
3 KEGG pathways for PER1 Gene
3 Qiagen pathways for PER1 Gene
Interacting Proteins for PER1 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | ISS | -- |
| GO:0002028 | regulation of sodium ion transport | ISS | -- |
| GO:0006351 | transcription, DNA-templated | IEA | -- |
| GO:0007623 | circadian rhythm | IEP,TAS | 14645221 |
| GO:0009416 | response to light stimulus | IEA | -- |
Transcripts for PER1 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for PER1 Gene
- (3) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (9) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (253) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (19) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for PER1 Gene
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PER1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PER1
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for PER1
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for PER1
Clone Products
- OriGene clones in human for PER1
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for PER1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
Flow Cytometry Products
- eBioscience FlowRNA Probe Sets (VA1-12252) for PER1
Expression for PER1 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
- Blood (Hematopoietic System)
This gene is overexpressed in Tlymphocyte (26.9), Blymphocyte (23.0), and Monocytes (15.0).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for PER1 Gene
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PER1 Gene Hs.445534
mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for PER1 Gene
O15534-PER1_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Widely expressed. Expressed in hair follicles (at protein level).Found in heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, kidney, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary and small intestine. Highest level in skeletal muscle.
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PER1
No data available for mRNA differential expression in normal tissues for PER1 Gene
Orthologs for PER1 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PER1 35 |
|
||
| PER1 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | PER1 35 |
|
||
| PER1 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Per1 35 |
|
||
| Per1 16 |
|
||||
| Per1 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PER1 35 |
|
||
| PER1 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Per1 35 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | PER1 36 |
|
OneToOne | |
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | PER1 36 |
|
OneToOne | |
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | PER1 36 |
|
OneToOne | |
| tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | per1 35 |
|
||
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | per1-A 35 |
|
||
| rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) |
Actinopterygii | Omy.11645 35 |
|
||
| zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | per1a 36 |
|
OneToMany | |
| per1b 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | per 36 |
|
OneToMany | |
| worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | lin-42 36 |
|
OneToMany |
- Species with no ortholog for PER1:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- chicken (Gallus gallus)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
- sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Paralogs for PER1 Gene
(2) SIMAP similar genes for PER1 Gene using alignment to 12 proteins:
Variants for PER1 Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 17 pos | Sequence Context | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VAR_036038 | A breast cancer sample | ||||
| VAR_036039 | A breast cancer sample | ||||
| VAR_036040 | A colorectal cancer sample | ||||
| VAR_047899 | - | ||||
| VAR_047900 | - |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| nsv833352 | CNV | Loss | 17160897 |
| nsv907657 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| nsv457661 | CNV | Loss | 19166990 |
| nsv518983 | CNV | Loss | 19592680 |
| nsv907658 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| nsv1964 | CNV | Insertion | 18451855 |
| nsv527475 | CNV | Loss | 19592680 |
| esv2715610 | CNV | Deletion | 23290073 |
| nsv516242 | CNV | Loss | 19592680 |
| nsv833353 | CNV | Loss | 17160897 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
85.3% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
3.64;
56.76% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Relevant External Links for PER1 Gene
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PER1 Gene
Disorders for PER1 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| pseudopterygium |
|
|
| cornea cancer |
|
|
| leukorrhea |
|
|
| fusariosis |
|
|
| advanced sleep phase syndrome |
|
|
Search PER1 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Relevant External Links for PER1
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for PER1 Gene
Publications for PER1 Gene
- Rigui, a putative mammalian ortholog of the Drosophila period gene. (PMID: 9323128) Sun Z.S. … Lee C.C. (Cell 1997) 2 3 4 67
- Expression of clock genes Per1 and Bmal1 in total leukocytes in health and Parkinson's disease. (PMID: 19912323) Cai Y. … Chan P. (Eur. J. Neurol. 2010) 3 23
- Deregulated expression of the Per1 and Per2 in human gliomas. (PMID: 20481271) Xia H.C. … Wang F. (Can J Neurol Sci 2010) 3 23
- Expression profiles of PERIOD1, 2, and 3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from older subjects. (PMID: 19013183) Hida A. … Mishima K. (Life Sci. 2009) 3 23
- Correlated downregulation of estrogen receptor beta and the circadian clock gene Per1 in human colorectal cancer. (PMID: 19148895) Mostafaie N. … Krugluger W. (Mol. Carcinog. 2009) 3 23
Products for PER1 Gene
- R&D Systems Antibodies for PER1 (PER1)
- Browse R&D Systems for Human Recombinant Proteins
- Browse Primary Antibodies
- Browse Proteins and Enzymes
- Browse ELISAs
- Browse Activity Assays
- Browse cDNA Clones
- Browse Cell Culture Products
- Browse Cell Selection and Detection Kits
- Browse DNA Damage and Repair Kits
- Browse ELISpot/FluoroSpot Kits and Development Modules
- Browse Flow Cytometry Kits
- Browse Immunoprecipitation Assays
- Browse Luminex Assays
- Browse Peptides
- Browse Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays
- Browse Small Molecules
- Custom Antibody Services
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- OriGene Purified Proteins for PER1
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PER1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PER1
- Origene siRNA, shRNA, mouse_rna, rat_shrna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PER1
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PER1
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PER1
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PER1
- OriGene clones in human for PER1
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for PER1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- GenScript: cDNA clones in your preferred vector
- GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for PER1
- GenScript Custom Assay Services for PER1
- GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for PER1
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for PER1
- Design optimal peptide antigens
- CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
- Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector
- Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection
- Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11
- Plasmid Preparation
- GenScript Custom Peptide Services for PER1
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PER1
- Novus Biologicals lysates for PER1
- Novus Biologicals
- Novus Biologicals Tissue Microarrays
- Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for PER1
- Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for PER1
- Cloud-Clone Corp Assay Kits for PER1
- antibodies-online Antibodies for PER1: See all 61
- antibodies-online Kits for PER1: See all 4
- Search antibodies-online for proteins
- Search antibodies-online for peptides
- GeneTex PER1 antibody for PER1
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for PER1
- ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for PER1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for PER1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for PER1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for PER1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for PER1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for PER1 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for PER1
- Search ViGene Biosciences for PER1
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PER1
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for PER1 siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PER1
Sources for PER1 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) I2D
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) UniGene
- (28) AceView
- (29) RNAdb
- (30) ASD
- (31) ECgene
- (32) GeneAnnot
- (33) SAGE
- (34) SOURCE
- (35) HomoloGene
- (36) PanEnsembl
- (37) euGenes
- (38) SGD
- (39) FlyBase
- (40) WormBase
- (41) Pseudogene
- (42) DGV
- (43) dbSNP
- (44) HapMap
- (45) GenAtlas
- (46) GeneTests
- (47) HGMD
- (48) GAD
- (49) LSDB
- (50) BGMUT
- (51) HuGE
- (52) eBioscience
- (53) Atlas
- (54) Cell Signaling Technology
- (55) GenBank
- (56) H-invDB
- (57) HORDE
- (58) HUGE
- (59) IMGT
- (60) Leiden
- (61) MILLIPORE
- (62) miRBase
- (63) DME
- (64) Nature
- (65) NCBI
- (66) OriGene
- (67) PubMed
- (68) R&D Systems
- (69) Salk
- (70) TGDB
- (71) Tufts
- (72) YEDA
- (73) CROW21
- (74) Tocris
- (75) Abcam
- (76) Novus
- (77) ProSpec
- (78) Sino Biological
- (79) GenScript
- (80) Qiagen
- (81) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (82) Enzo Life Sciences
- (83) OCA
- (84) Proteopedia
- (85) MOPED
- (86) SPIRE
- (87) neXtProt
- (88) Reactome
- (89) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (90) fRNAdb
- (91) DISEASES
- (92) SIMAP
- (93) GenomeRNAi
- (94) LifeMap
- (95) miRTarBase
- (96) MalaCards
- (97) Invitrogen
- (98) BitterDB
- (99) Vector BioLabs
- (100) ESI-BIO
- (101) RefSeq
- (102) BioSystems
- (103) MaxQB
- (104) IUPHAR
- (105) BioGPS
- (106) Illumina
- (107) COMPARTMENTS
- (108) HOMER
- (109) PaxDb
- (110) ApexBio
- (111) Addgene
- (112) Advanced Cell Diagnostics
- (113) antibodies-online
- (114) CYP
- (115) NONCODE
- (116) SwitchGear Genomics
- (117) TreeFam
- (118) PathCards
- (119) GeneReviews
- (120) GeneTex
- (121) Taconic Biosciences
- (122) GTEx
- (123) ProteomicsDB
- (124) SCBT
- (125) DGIdb
- (126) ClinicalTrials
- (127) FDA Approved Drugs
- (128) RVIS
- (129) SIGNOR
- (130) diseasecard
- (131) NIH Rare Diseases
- (132) Orphanet
- (133) UMLS
- (134) GTR
- (135) Disease Ontology
- (136) Genetics Home Reference
- (137) MeSH
- (138) MedlinePlus
- (139) CDC
- (140) NINDS
- (141) NCBI Bookshelf
- (142) ClinVar
- (143) Gene Damage Index
- (144) ViGene Biosciences
- (145) HPO
- (146) UDN
- (147) VISTA
- (148) FANTOM5
- (149) ENCODE
- (150) ProSci
- (151) Horizon