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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

PDCD1 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 63
GCID: GC02M242792

programmed cell death 1
 Explore 82 diseases affiliated with
PDCD1 via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for PDCD1    

Aliases
for PDCD1 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Programmed Cell Death 11 2     SLEB22 5
PD11 2 3     PD-12
CD2791 2     HPD-L1
Protein PD-12 3     Programmed Cell Death Protein 12
HPD-11     CD279 Antigen3

External Ids:    HGNC: 87601   Entrez Gene: 51332   Ensembl: ENSG000001883897   OMIM: 6002445   UniProtKB: Q151163   

Export aliases for PDCD1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC02U990074 GC02P241575 GC02P9D0113 GC02M242440 GC02M234541


Summaries
for PDCD1 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for PDCD1:
This gene encodes a cell surface membrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is expressed in
pro-B-cells and is thought to play a role in their differentiation. In mice, expression of this gene is induced in the
thymus when anti-CD3 antibodies are injected and large numbers of thymocytes undergo apoptosis. Mice deficient for
this gene bred on a BALB/c background developed dilated cardiomyopathy and died from congestive heart failure. These
studies suggest that this gene product may also be important in T cell function and contribute to the prevention of
autoimmune diseases. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PDCD1_HUMAN, Q15116
Function: Inhibitory cell surface receptor involved in the regulation of T-cell function during immunity and tolerance.
Upon ligand binding, inhibits T-cell effector functions in an antigen-specific manner. Possible cell death inducer, in
association with other factors

Gene Wiki entry for PDCD1 (Programmed cell death 1)


Genomic Views
for PDCD1 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000002.11  NC_018913.1  NT_005416.13  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PDCD1 gene promoter:
         AML1a   
         Other transcription factors

Browse SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for PDCD1

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PDCD1


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2q37.3   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  2q37.3   HGNC cytogenetic band: 2q37.3

PDCD1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
PDCD1 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 2         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC02M242792:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 242,792,033 bp from pter      End:
 242,801,060 bp from pter
Size:
 9,028 bases      Orientation:
 minus strand

Proteins
for PDCD1 gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PDCD1_HUMAN, Q15116 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Programmed cell death protein 1 precursor  
Size: 288 amino acids; 31647 Da
Subunit: Monomer (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein
Developmental stage: Induced at programmed cell death
1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for PDCD1:
3RRQ (3D)    
Secondary accessions: O00517 Q8IX89

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PDCD1: NX_Q15116

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q15116

    • PDCD1 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_005009.2  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000335062   ENSP00000390296   ENSP00000340808  
    Reactome Protein details: Q15116
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals PDCD1 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals PDCD1 Lysates
    Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for PDCD1
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for PDCD1

    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005886plasma membrane TAS--
    GO:0009897external side of plasma membrane IEA--
    GO:0016021integral to membrane IEA--


    PDCD1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    PDCD1 Antibody Products: 
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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for PDCD1

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for PDCD1 gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    PDCD1 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    4 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR003596 Ig_V-set_subgr
     IPR013783 Ig-like_fold
     IPR013106 Ig_V-set
     IPR007110 Ig-like_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q15116

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q15116

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB003596 Immunoglobulin V-type
    IPB013106 Immunoglobulin V-set


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PDCD1_HUMAN, Q15116
    Similarity: Contains 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain


    Function
    for PDCD1 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PDCD1_HUMAN, Q15116
    Function: Inhibitory cell surface receptor involved in the regulation of T-cell function during immunity and tolerance.
    Upon ligand binding, inhibits T-cell effector functions in an antigen-specific manner. Possible cell death inducer, in
    association with other factors

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for PDCD1:
    programmed cell death (apoptosis) 1,mouse PD1 homolog

    miRNA
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    Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PDCD1 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: PDCD1
    OriGene siRNA: PDCD1
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PDCD1

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for PDCD1

    Clone
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PDCD1 

    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for PDCD1

    In Situ Assay
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004871signal transducer activity TAS1396582
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI--


    PDCD1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    2 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PDCD1:
     Increased cell death HMECs cel  Increased cell death in breast 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for PDCD1: Pdcd1tm1.1Shr Pdcd1tm1Hon
         13 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 4 alleles) (MGI details for Pdcd1):
     cardiovascular system  cellular  endocrine/exocrine gland  hematopoietic system  immune system 
     liver/biliary system  mortality/aging  muscle  nervous system  renal/urinary system 
     skeleton  tumorigenesis  vision/eye 

    PDCD1 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for PDCD1 gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Immune System
    		Immune System1.00
    		Adaptive Immune System0.59
    2Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)
    		Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)1.00
    3Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse
    		PD-1 signaling0.76
    4CD28 co-stimulation
    		Costimulation by the CD28 family0.41
    5B cell receptor signaling pathway
    		T cell receptor signaling pathway0.40

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways


    4        Reactome Pathways for PDCD1
        Costimulation by the CD28 family
    PD-1 signaling
    Adaptive Immune System
    Immune System


    2         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for PDCD1):
        Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)
    T cell receptor signaling pathway


    PDCD1 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PDCD1

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 18)

    5/48 Interacting proteins for PDCD1 (Q151161, 2, 3 ENSP000003350624) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 48)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    PTPN11Q061242, 3, ENSP000003409444MINT-8035839 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000340944
    CD274Q9NZQ71, 3, ENSP000003709894EBI-4314328,EBI-4314282 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000370989
    PTPN6P293502, 3, ENSP000003915924MINT-8035828 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000391592
    PDCD1LG2Q9BQ513, ENSP000003808554I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000380855
    AGO1Q9UL182, ENSP000003623004MINT-6488488 STRING: ENSP00000362300
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006915apoptotic process IEA--
    GO:0006959humoral immune response TAS9332365
    GO:0007165signal transduction TAS1396582
    GO:0007275multicellular organismal development TAS9332365
    GO:0031295T cell costimulation TAS--


    PDCD1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for PDCD1 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    PDCD1 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for PDCD1
    2 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PDCD1 gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    allergens 4.07 1 15959535 (1)
    tyrosine 0 2 17156728 (1), 9141617 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about PDCD1 

    Transcripts
    for PDCD1 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for PDCD1 gene: 
    NM_005018.2  

    Unigene Cluster for PDCD1:

    Programmed cell death 1
    Hs.158297  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_005018
    3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000334409(uc010fzs.3 uc002wcq.4 uc010fzt.3) ENST00000418831
    ENST00000343705

    miRNA
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    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PDCD1 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: PDCD1
    OriGene siRNA: PDCD1
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PDCD1
    Clone
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    Primer
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    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat PDCD1
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PDCD1

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK313848.1 AY206416.1 AY238517.1 AY322430.1 BC074740.2 U64863.1 

    2 DOTS entries:

    DT.402894  DT.100775331 

    9 AceView cDNA sequences:

    AY206416 AY238517 U64863 BX093686 BC074740 BX426461 NM_005018 AI928135 
    AY322430 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    Expression
    for PDCD1 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    PDCD1 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: --

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    PDCD1 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    OvaryAntral FollicleCumulus CellsOvary
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See PDCD1 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for PDCD1

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.158297
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including PDCD1: 
              T-Cell Anergy & Immune Tolerance in human mouse rat
              Allergy & Asthma in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PDCD1

    Orthologs
    for PDCD1 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for PDCD1 gene from 2/7 species (see all 7)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Pdcd11 , 5 programmed cell death 11, 5 70.86(n)1
    60.14(a)1    		   1 (47.47 cM)5
    185661  NM_008798.21  NP_032824.11 
     940383075 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves PDCD11 programmed cell death 1 53.24(n)
    37.5(a)    		   424913  XM_422723.3  XP_422723.2 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PDCD1 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for PDCD1 (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for PDCD1 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    		  --

    Genomic Variants
    for PDCD1 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/265 NCBI SNPs in PDCD1 are shown (see all 265)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 2 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1143354701,2
    		F,--242791536(+) CCCCCG/ACTGCC 1 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- A:0.03WA 118
    rs75684021,2
    		C,F,--242791558(-) CTCCCC/TAAGTA 1 -- ds500110Minor allele frequency- T:0.35WA NA CSA EA 373
    rs286991771,2
    		C,F,--242791569(-) TCTGCG/AGGTCC 1 -- ds50013Minor allele frequency- A:0.22NA EA 244
    rs285427281,2
    		C,F,--242791677(-) GCCCCC/TGTGTC 1 -- ds50013Minor allele frequency- T:0.22NA EA 244
    rs1181170971,2
    		--242791732(+) GAAGCC/TTGGGG 1 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- T:0.01EA 120
    rs285705441,2
    		C,F,--242791738(-) CCCTGG/ACCCCA 1 -- ds50016Minor allele frequency- A:0.24NA WA EA 364
    rs1180273151,2
    		--242791828(+) CGGAGG/AGCTCT 1 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- A:0.01EA 120
    rs1919198711,2
    		--242791844(+) TGAGTA/GGGGCA 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs67075561,2
    		C,F,A,--242791963(-) CAAGGC/TGGCAG 1 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- T:0.08WA 118
    rs1429099681,2
    		--242792211(+) TACTA-/GGGCCC 1 -- ut310--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for PDCD1 (242792033 - 242801060 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 11 variations for PDCD1
         11 CNVs: 8968 50442 2429 50443 50444 34635 50440 30115 8969 50439 34658
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): PDCD1

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PDCD1
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for PDCD1

    Disorders / Diseases
    for PDCD1 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    PDCD1 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 600244   
    OMIM disorders: 605218  126200  
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PDCD1_HUMAN, Q15116
  • Genetic variation in PDCD1 is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus type 2 (SLEB2)
    • [MIM:605218]. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, inflammatory and often febrile multisystemic disorder of
    connective tissue. It affects principally the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. It is thought to represent
    a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system

    20/82 diseases for PDCD1 (see all 82):    About MalaCards
    htlv-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis    htlv-1 associated myelopathy    tropical spastic paraparesis    congestive heart failure
    multiple sclerosis, disease progression, modifier of    systemic lupus erythematosus    spastic paraparesis    human t-cell leukemia virus type 1
    dilated cardiomyopathy    lupus erythematosus    graft versus host disease    actinic cheilitis
    non-hodgkin lymphoma    type 1 diabetes mellitus    cheilitis    systemic lupus erythematosus, association with
    mycosis fungoides    primary biliary cirrhosis    multiple sclerosis    lupus nephritis

    1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for PDCD1:
    Systemic lupus erythematosus

    10/24 Novoseek disease relationships for PDCD1 gene (see all 24)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    infection chronic 59.6 7 17567698 (2), 19828602 (1), 19955307 (1), 16954372 (1)
    autoimmune diseases 55.4 18 11323285 (2), 16265694 (1), 12223069 (1), 17203303 (1) (see all 11)
    autoimmunity 54.6 11 16227150 (1), 15022318 (1), 15912506 (1), 18759926 (1) (see all 6)
    lupus erythematosus systemic 54 25 19220647 (2), 15322919 (2), 17228327 (2), 15352422 (2) (see all 15)
    virus infection 51.6 19 19395117 (2), 19955307 (2), 18822202 (2), 18440040 (1) (see all 12)
    hepatitis b chronic 50.9 9 20121403 (2), 17868872 (2), 17963598 (2), 18680238 (1) (see all 6)
    tumor escape 45.7 1 19380770 (1)
    hepatitis autoimmune 38.8 1 17610472 (1)
    tumors 28.6 41 17363529 (4), 19423728 (3), 20160101 (2), 15297412 (2) (see all 19)
    lupus nephritis 27.7 1 19116915 (1)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): PDCD1
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PDCD1 (63 documents)

    Export disorders for PDCD1 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for PDCD1 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for PDCD1 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 336):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PDCD1)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. A regulatory polymorphism in PDCD1 is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in humans. (PubMed id 12402038)1, 2, 4, 9 Prokunina L....Alarcon-Riquelme M.E. (2002)
    2. Structure and chromosomal localization of the human PD-1 gene (PDCD1). (PubMed id 7851902)1, 2, 3 Shinohara T.... Honjo T. (1994)
    3. PDCD1: a tissue-specific susceptibility locus for inherited inflammatory disorders. (PubMed id 15959535)1, 4, 9 James E.S....Moffatt M.F. (2005)
    4. A PD-1 polymorphism is associated with disease progression in multiple sclerosis. (PubMed id 15912506)1, 4, 9 Kroner A....Wiendl H. (2005)
    5. A new haplotype of PDCD1 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis in Hong Kong Chinese. (PubMed id 15818672)1, 4, 9 Kong E.K....Lau Y.L. (2005)
    6. Association of a programmed death 1 gene polymorphism with the development of rheumatoid arthritis, but not systemic lupus erythematosus. (PubMed id 15022318)1, 4, 9 Lin S.C....Chen C.J. (2004)
    7. The human PD-1 gene: complete cDNA, genomic organization, and developmentally regulated expression in B cell progenitors. (PubMed id 9332365)1, 2, 9 Finger L.R.... Billips L.D. (1997)
    8. Role of an intronic polymorphism in the PDCD1 gene with the risk of sporadic systemic lupus erythematosus and the occurrence of antiphospholipid antibodies. (PubMed id 15322919)1, 4, 9 Sanghera D.K....Kamboh M.I. (2004)
    9. Association of a putative regulatory polymorphism in the PD-1 gene with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. (PubMed id 14617032)1, 4, 9 Nielsen C....Lillevang S.T. (2003)
    10. The role of the PD-1 pathway in autoimmunity and peripheral tolerance. (PubMed id 21276005)1, 2 Fife B.T. and Pauken K.E. (2011)

    External Searches for PDCD1 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
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    Genome Databases showing PDCD1 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 5133 HGNC: 8760 AceView: PDCD1 Ensembl:ENSG00000188389 euGenes: HUgn5133
    ECgene: PDCD1 Kegg: 5133 H-InvDB: PDCD1

    Other Databases showing PDCD1 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing PDCD1 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for PDCD1 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for PDCD1 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

    Intellectual Property
    for PDCD1 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for PDCD1 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving PDCD1

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