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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

PDC Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 60
GCID: GC01M186412

phosducin

Explore 11 diseases affiliated with
PDC via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Phosducin¹		PhLP²
MEKA¹ ²		G Beta Gamma Binding Protein²
33 KDa Phototransducing Protein² ³		Phosducin-Like Orphan Protein²
PHD² ³		Protein MEKA³
PhLOP²

External Ids:	HGNC: 8759¹	Entrez Gene: 5132²	Ensembl: ENSG00000116703⁷	OMIM: 171490⁵	UniProtKB: P20941³

Export aliases for PDC gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC01M183938 GC01M181840 GC01M182932 GC01M183651 GC01M183144 GC01M184679 GC01M157647

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for PDC:

This gene encodes a phosphoprotein, which is located in the outer and inner segments of the rod cells in the retina.

This protein may participate in the regulation of visual phototransduction or in the integration of photoreceptor

metabolism. It modulates the phototransduction cascade by interacting with the beta and gamma subunits of the retinal

G-protein transducin. This gene is a potential candidate gene for retinitis pigmentosa and Usher syndrome type II.

Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. (provided by RefSeq, Jul

2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PHOS_HUMAN, P20941

Function: May participate in the regulation of visual phototransduction or in the integration of photoreceptor

metabolism. Inhibits the transcriptional activation activity of the cone-rod homeobox CRX

Gene Wiki entry for PDC (Phosducin)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000001.10 NC_018912.1 NT_004487.19

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PDC gene promoter:
CREB p53 deltaCREB HNF-4alpha2
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: PDC promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for PDC

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PDC

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1q25.2 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 1q31.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 1q25.2

PDC Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
PDC gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 1 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01M186412: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	186,412,698 bp from pter	End:	186,430,254 bp from pter
Size:	17,557 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PHOS_HUMAN, P20941 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Phosducin

Size: 246 amino acids; 28246 Da

Subunit: Forms a complex with the beta and gamma subunits of the GTP-binding protein, transducin. Interacts with CRX

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment. Photoreceptor inner

segment. Nucleus. Note=Outer and inner segments of the rod cells

Subcellular location: Isoform 2: Nucleus

Secondary accessions: Q14816 Q9UP22

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P20941-1 P20941-2

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PDC: NX_P20941

Post-translational modifications:

Light-induced changes in cyclic nucleotide levels modulate the phosphorylation of this protein by cAMP kinase¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P20941

PDC Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_002588.3 NP_072098.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000375855 ENSP00000422775 ENSP00000342033 ENSP00000411564

Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Uscn Proteins for PDC

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001750	photoreceptor outer segment	IEA	--
GO:0001917	photoreceptor inner segment	IEA	--
GO:0005634	nucleus	IDA	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	--
GO:0005829	cytosol	IEA	--

PDC for ontologies About GeneDecksing

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(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

PDC for domains About GeneDecksing

4 InterPro domains/families:

IPR023196 Phosducin_N_dom

IPR001200 Phosducin

IPR012336 Thioredoxin-like_fold

IPR024253 Phosducin_thioredoxin-like_dom

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P20941

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P20941

1 Blocks protein family: IPB001200 Phosducin signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PHOS_HUMAN, P20941

Similarity: Belongs to the phosducin family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PHOS_HUMAN, P20941

Function: May participate in the regulation of visual phototransduction or in the integration of photoreceptor

metabolism. Inhibits the transcriptional activation activity of the cone-rod homeobox CRX

Genatlas biochemistry entry for PDC:

phosducin,expressed in rod and cone photoreceptors and pinealocytes

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In Situ Assay
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Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004859	phospholipase inhibitor activity	TAS	7961975

PDC for ontologies About GeneDecksing

1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for PDC:

Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-outs for PDC: Pdc^tm1Vya Pdc^tm1Luhe
6 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Pdc):

cardiovascular system	homeostasis/metabolism	muscle	nervous system	renal/urinary system
vision/eye

PDC for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Olfactory transduction

Olfactory transduction

1.00

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

1 Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for PDC):

Olfactory transduction

PDC for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PDC

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 13)

5/16 Interacting proteins for PDC (P20941³ ENSP00000375855⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 16)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
PRKACA	P17612³, ENSP00000309591⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000309591
ADRBK1	P25098³, ENSP00000312262⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000312262
CRX	O43186³, ENSP00000221996⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000221996
YWHAZ	P63104³, ENSP00000309503⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000309503
EIF3I	Q13347³	I2D: score=1

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0007186	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS	7961975
GO:0007601	visual perception	IEA	--
GO:0007602	phototransduction	TAS	8288249

PDC for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

PDC for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for PDC

2 HMDB Compounds for PDC About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Cyclic AMP	Cyclic AMP (see all 19)	60-92-4	--
Guanosine triphosphate	5'-GTP (see all 10)	86-01-1	--

1 DrugBank Compound for PDC About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
FARNESYL	--	--	target	--	10592235

10/12 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PDC gene (see all 12) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
etorphine	74.1	1	10443588 (1)
pge1	21.9	7	9496706 (4), 9593987 (2)
gdp	20.3	5	9545273 (2), 9606021 (2)
gtp	18.2	2	9545273 (2)
cyclic amp	16.1	2	11193104 (1), 1538828 (1)
adenylate	12.4	4	9496706 (2), 10371466 (1), 1538828 (1)
phospholipid	0	1	8168616 (1)
lipid	0	1	7890702 (1)
calcium	0	2	10328271 (1), 8643657 (1)
arginine	0	2	16421094 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about PDC / PHOS

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
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Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for PDC gene (3 alternative transcripts):

NM_002597.4 NM_022576.3 NM_022577.1

Unigene Cluster for PDC:

Phosducin

Hs.654381 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_002597

4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000391997(uc001gsa.3) ENST00000497198(uc001grz.3) ENST00000340129

ENST00000456239

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Additional cDNA sequence:

AF076464.1 BC093839.1 BC112134.1 M33478.1

3 DOTS entries:

DT.97864192 DT.92010896 DT.97864193

9 AceView cDNA sequences:

BM674109 NM_002597 NM_022576 BM715757 M33478 AF076464 AF076465 AF076463

AL712565

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

PDC expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: AGAAAATAAA

About this image

PDC expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Eye

Outer Nuclear Layer

Mature Rod Cells

Photoreceptors, Retina

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 2 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

Photoreceptor-like cells (Generation of retina...)

Eye

Photoreceptor-like cells (Generation of retina...)

See PDC Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for PDC

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.654381

SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for PDC

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In Situ
Assay Products:

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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for PDC gene from 7/22 species (see all 22) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	PDC¹	phosducin	76.15(n) 77.24(a)		429078 XM_426634.3 XP_426634.2
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	PDC⁶	--	69(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343203.1(2379564-2388905)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	Dr.26950²	Danio rerio cDNA clone IMAGE4144042, partial cds	75.74(n)		BC060908.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	CG7650⁶	--	27(a)	1 → many	3L(15601807-15603486)
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	mau-8⁶	MAternally affected Uncoordination family member (...	17(a)	1 → many	IV(13377990-13380453)
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	AT5G14240⁶	thioredoxin family protein	17(a)	1 → many	5(4595928-4597660)
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	--	phosducin-like protein 3, putative, expressed	16(a)	1 → many	1(4493598-4496627)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PDC (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for PDC (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for PDC gene

PDCL2² PDCL3² PDCL²

1 SIMAP similar gene for PDC using alignment to 2 protein entries: PHOS_HUMAN (see all proteins):

PDCL

PDC for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 1 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs79105707^1,2	F,	--	157647063(+)	`TACACC/ACAGAG`	2	--	int¹ ds500¹		1		WA	118
rs12122624^1,2	H	--	157647399(+)	`TGAAAA/TATGTC`	2	--	ut3¹		4		NS EA	404
rs80116466^1,2	F,	--	157647413(+)	`ATATTA/TTCCAC`	2	--	ut3¹		1		WA	118
rs12123439^1,2	C,H	--	157647474(+)	`CAAGCA/TTTGTA`	2	--	ut3¹		4		NS EA	412
rs60957652^1,2	C,F,	--	157647593(+)	`ATAGAT/CACTAC`	2	--	ut3¹		1		WA	118
rs57020506^1,2	C,F,	--	157648619(+)	`CCTAGG/ATTTAC`	2	--	int¹		1		WA	118
rs75887561^1,2		--	157649007(+)	`CACGTA/CGATTA`	2	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs61810302^1,2		--	157649264(+)	`CCAAGC/GAAGGT`	2	--	int¹		1		NA	2
rs56834519^1,2	C,	--	157649378(+)	`GGCAGA/GAGAAT`	2	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs71634162^1,2	C,F	--	157650605(+)	`CTAAGT/AAAAAA`	2	--	int¹		2		NA	4

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for PDC (186412698 - 186430254 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for PDC: --
Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): PDC

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PDC

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for PDC

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

PDC for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 171490    OMIM disorders: --

11 diseases for PDC:    About MalaCards

retinitis pigmentosa retinitis usher syndrome type ii usher syndrome

allergic rhinitis huntington's disease rhinitis prostate cancer

hypertension neuroblastoma prostatitis

2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for PDC:

Hypersensitivity reaction type I disease Allergic rhinitis

3 Novoseek disease relationships for PDC gene About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
retinitis pigmentosa	37	5	8288249 (1), 14758335 (1), 8646891 (1)
glioma	10.5	2	9593987 (1), 9496706 (1)
atrophy	2.46	3	9820795 (1), 18724412 (1)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): PDC
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PDC (8 documents)

Export disorders for PDC gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for PDC gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 110):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PDC)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Assignment of the phosducin (PDC) gene to human chromosome 1q25-1q32.1 by somatic cell hybridization and in situ hybridization. (PubMed id 8288249)^{1, 3, 9} Sparkes R.S....Bateman J.B. (1993)
Mutation screening of the phosducin gene PDC in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and allied diseases. (PubMed id 14758335)^{1, 4, 9} Nishiguchi K.M....Dryja T.P. (2004)
The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. (PubMed id 16710414)^{1, 2} Gregory S.G.... Bentley D.R. (2006)
Modulation of CRX transactivation activity by phosducin isoforms. (PubMed id 10866677)^{1, 2} Zhu X. and Craft C.M. (2000)
Isolation and analysis of the human MEKA gene encoding a retina- specific protein. (PubMed id 2383274)^{1, 2} Watanabe Y.... Kuo C.H. (1990)
Analysis of the human, bovine and rat 33-kDa proteins and cDNA in retina and pineal gland. (PubMed id 2210381)^{1, 2} Abe T....Shinohara T. (1990)
SUMO-1 controls the protein stability and the biological function of phosducin. (PubMed id 16421094)^{1, 9} Klenk C....Lohse M.J. (2006)
Phosphorylation of phosducin and phosducin-like protein by G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2. (PubMed id 10884381)^{1, 9} Ruiz-Gomez A....Mayor F. (2000)
Phosducin, potential role in modulation of olfactory signaling. (PubMed id 9020189)^{1, 9} Boekhoff I....Lefkowitz R.J. (1997)
PhLPs and PhLOPs in the phosducin family of G beta gamma binding proteins. (PubMed id 9843381)^{1, 9} Craft C.M....Lolley R.N. (1998)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 5132	HGNC: 8759	AceView: PDC	Ensembl:ENSG00000116703	euGenes: HUgn5132
ECgene: PDC	Kegg: 5132	H-InvDB: PDC

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for PDC	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
Mutations of the PDC gene	http://www.retina-international.org/files/sci-news/pdcmut.htm

Intellectual Property for PDC gene
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Patent Information for PDC gene:
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GeneCards and IP:
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