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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

PCNA Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 68
GCID: GC20M005095

proliferating cell nuclear antigen

 Explore 322 diseases affiliated with
PCNA via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for PCNA
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen1 2
Cyclin3
DNA Polymerase Delta Auxiliary Protein2
Cyclin3

External Ids:    HGNC: 87291   Entrez Gene: 51112   Ensembl: ENSG000001326467   OMIM: 1767405   UniProtKB: P120043   

Export aliases for PCNA gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC20M005083 GC20M005090 GC20M005043


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for PCNA:
The protein encoded by this gene is found in the nucleus and is a cofactor of DNA polymerase delta. The encoded protein
acts as a homotrimer and helps increase the processivity of leading strand synthesis during DNA replication. In
response to DNA damage, this protein is ubiquitinated and is involved in the RAD6-dependent DNA repair pathway. Two
transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Pseudogenes of this gene have been
described on chromosome 4 and on the X chromosome. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PCNA_HUMAN, P12004
Function: Auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by
increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand. Induces a robust stimulatory
effect on the 3'-5' exonuclease and 3'-phosphodiesterase, but not apurinic-apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease, APEX2
activities. Has to be loaded onto DNA in order to be able to stimulate APEX2. Plays a key role in DNA damage response
(DDR) by being conveniently positioned at the replication fork to coordinate DNA replication with DNA repair and DNA
damage tolerance pathways. Acts as a loading platform to recruit DDR proteins that allow completion of DNA replication
after DNA damage and promote postreplication repair: Monoubiquitinated PCNA leads to recruitment of translesion (TLS)
polymerases, while 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of PCNA is involved in error-free pathway and employs
recombination mechanisms to synthesize across the lesion

Gene Wiki entry for PCNA (Proliferating cell nuclear antigen)


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000020.10  NC_018931.1  NT_011387.8  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PCNA gene promoter:
         PPAR-gamma1   LHX3b/Lhx3b   AML1a   LHX3a/Lhx3a   SEF-1 (1)   PPAR-gamma2   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): PCNA promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for PCNA

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PCNA


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 20pter-p12   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  20p12.3   HGNC cytogenetic band: 20pter-p12

PCNA Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
PCNA gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 20         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC20M005095:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
5,095,599 bp from pter      End:
5,107,272 bp from pter
Size:
11,674 bases      Orientation:
minus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PCNA_HUMAN, P12004 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen  
Size: 261 amino acids; 28769 Da
Subunit: Homotrimer (By similarity). Forms a complex with activator 1 heteropentamer in the presence of ATP. Interacts
with EXO1, POLH, POLK, DNMT1, ERCC5, FEN1, CDC6 and POLDIP2. Interacts with APEX2; this interaction is triggered by
reactive oxygen species and increased by misincorporation of uracil in nuclear DNA. Forms a ternary complex with
DNTTIP2 and core histone. Interacts with KCTD10 and PPP1R15A (By similarity). Interacts with POLD1, POLD3 and POLD4.
Interacts with BAZ1B; the interaction is direct. Interacts with HLTF and SHPRH. Interacts with NUDT15. Interaction is
disrupted in response to UV irradiation and acetylation. Interacts with CDKN1A/p21(CIP1) and CDT1; interacts via their
PIP-box which also recruits the DCX(DTL) complex. Interacts with DDX11. Interacts with EGFR; positively regulates
PCNA. Interacts with PARPBP. Interacts (when ubiquitinated) with SPRTN; leading to enhance RAD18-mediated PCNA
ubiquitination. Interacts (when polyubiquitinated) with ZRANB3. Interacts with SMARCAD1. Interacts with CDKN1C.
Interacts with KIAA0101/PAF15 (via PIP-box)
Subcellular location: Nucleus. Note=Forms nuclear foci representing sites of ongoing DNA replication and vary in
morphology and number during S phase. Together with APEX2, is redistributed in discrete nuclear foci in presence of
oxidative DNA damaging agents
Miscellaneous: Antibodies against PCNA are present in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
6/13 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for PCNA (see all 13):
1AXC (3D)        1U76 (3D)        1U7B (3D)        1UL1 (3D)        1VYJ (3D)        1VYM (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B2R897 D3DW02

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PCNA: NX_P12004

Post-translational modifications:

  • Following DNA damage, can be either monoubiquitinated to stimulate direct bypass of DNA lesions by specialized DNA
  • polymerases or polyubiquitinated to promote recombination-dependent DNA synthesis across DNA lesions by template
    switching mechanisms. Following induction of replication stress, monoubiquitinated by the UBE2B-RAD18 complex on
    Lys-164, leading to recruit translesion (TLS) polymerases, which are able to synthesize across DNA lesions in a
    potentially error-prone manner. An error-free pathway also exists and requires non-canonical polyubiquitination on
    Lys-164 through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 complex UBE2N-UBE2V2 and the E3 ligases, HLTF, RNF8
    and SHPRH. This error-free pathway, also known as template switching, employs recombination mechanisms to synthesize
    across the lesion, using as a template the undamaged, newly synthesized strand of the sister chromatid.
    Monoubiquitination at Lys-164 also takes place in undamaged proliferating cells, and is mediated by the DCX(DTL)
    complex, leading to enhance PCNA-dependent translesion DNA synthesis. Sumoylated during S phase1
  • Acetylated in response to UV irradiation. Acetylation disrupts interaction with NUDT15 and promotes degradation1
  • Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Tyr-211 by EGFR stabilizes chromatin-associated PCNA1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P12004

  • PCNA Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_002583.1  NP_872590.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000368438   ENSP00000368458  
    Reactome Protein details: P12004
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals PCNA Proteins
    Novus Biologicals PCNA Lysates
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for PCNA
    Uscn Proteins for PCNA

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/11 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 11):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000307cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex ----
    GO:0005634nucleus IDA--
    GO:0005652nuclear lamina ----
    GO:0005654nucleoplasm TAS--
    GO:0005663DNA replication factor C complex TAS2565339


    PCNA for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    PCNA Antibody Products: 
    EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of PCNA
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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    PCNA for domains           About GeneDecksing

    4 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR000730 Pr_cel_nuc_antig
     IPR022659 Pr_cel_nuc_antig_CS
     IPR022648 Pr_cel_nuc_antig_N
     IPR022649 Pr_cel_nuc_antig_C

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P12004

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P12004

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB000730 Proliferating cell nuclear antigen

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PCNA_HUMAN, P12004
    Similarity: Belongs to the PCNA family


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PCNA_HUMAN, P12004
    Function: Auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by
    increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand. Induces a robust stimulatory
    effect on the 3'-5' exonuclease and 3'-phosphodiesterase, but not apurinic-apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease, APEX2
    activities. Has to be loaded onto DNA in order to be able to stimulate APEX2. Plays a key role in DNA damage response
    (DDR) by being conveniently positioned at the replication fork to coordinate DNA replication with DNA repair and DNA
    damage tolerance pathways. Acts as a loading platform to recruit DDR proteins that allow completion of DNA replication
    after DNA damage and promote postreplication repair: Monoubiquitinated PCNA leads to recruitment of translesion (TLS)
    polymerases, while 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of PCNA is involved in error-free pathway and employs
    recombination mechanisms to synthesize across the lesion

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for PCNA:
    cell-cycle regulated nuclear protein,proliferating cell nuclear antigen,complexing with RFCs to form a processivity
    factor (sliding clamp),for DNA polymerases delta and epsilon,also complexing with
    RFC,FEN1,GADD45,MSH2,MLH1,CDKN1A,LIG1,also involved in nucleotide mismatch repair (MM) and nucleotide excision repair
    (NER)

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    Inhib. RNA
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000701purine-specific mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity IDA11005803
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI15543136
    GO:0030337DNA polymerase processivity factor activity IEA--
    GO:0030971receptor tyrosine kinase binding IPI17115032
    GO:0032139dinucleotide insertion or deletion binding IDA11005803


    PCNA for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    5 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PCNA:
     Cell cycle / mitosis defect  Increased S DNA content  Increased cell death in DLD-1   Increased cell death in breast 
     S arrest 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-out Pcnatm1.1Mdsc for PCNA
         7 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 3 alleles(MGI details for Pcna):
     cellular  endocrine/exocrine gland  hematopoietic system  immune system  mortality/aging 
     no phenotypic analysis  reproductive system 

    PCNA for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/25 super-pathways (see all 25About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Lagging Strand Synthesis
    8/20 pathways (see all 20)
    Lagging Strand Synthesis1.00
    Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER0.64
    Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis0.91
    Repair synthesis of patch ~27-30 bases long by DNA polymerase0.59
    Extension of Telomeres0.83
    Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA polymerase in TC-NER0.59
    Processive synthesis on the lagging strand0.75
    DNA replication0.56
    2Resolution of Abasic Sites (AP sites)
    Resolution of Abasic Sites (AP sites)1.00
    Resolution of AP sites via the multiple-nucleotide patch replacement pathway0.89
    Base Excision Repair1.00
    Base excision repair0.51
    Removal of DNA patch containing abasic residue0.89
    3G1/S-Specific Transcription
    G1/S-Specific Transcription1.00
    E2F mediated regulation of DNA replication0.45
    Activation of E2F target genes at G1/S1.00
    4Cell cycle
    Cell cycle1.00
    G1 to S cell cycle control0.38
    Cell cycle0.57
    5Global Genomic NER (GG-NER)
    Global Genomic NER (GG-NER)1.00
    Nucleotide Excision Repair Pathway0.49
    Nucleotide excision repair0.70

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    5 EMD Millipore Pathways for PCNA
        DNA damage ATM/ATR regulation of G1/S checkpoint
    Signal transduction PTEN pathway
    Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replacation
    Signal transduction AKT signaling
    DNA damage Role of Brca1 and Brca2 in DNA repair

    5 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for PCNA
        Mismatch Repair in Eukaryotes
    DNA Repair Mechanisms
    Nucleotide Excision Repair Pathway
    GADD45 Pathway
    Chks in Checkpoint Regulation

    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for PCNA
        Cell Cycle / Checkpoint Control

    5 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for PCNA
        DNA damage Role of Brca1 and Brca2 in DNA repair
    DNA damage ATM/ATR regulation of G1/S checkpoint
    Signal transduction AKT signaling
    Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replication
    Signal transduction PTEN pathway

    5/9 BioSystems Pathways for PCNA (see all 9
        G1 to S cell cycle control
    Mismatch repair
    Cell cycle
    Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
    Nifedipine Activity

    5/38        Reactome Pathways for PCNA (see all 38)
        Telomere Maintenance
    Leading Strand Synthesis
    G0 and Early G1
    G1/S-Specific Transcription
    S Phase


    5         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for PCNA):
        DNA replication
    Base excision repair
    Nucleotide excision repair
    Mismatch repair
    Cell cycle


    PCNA for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PCNA

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/526 Interacting proteins for PCNA (P120041, 2, 3 ENSP000003684384) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 526)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    HIST1H4AP628053I2D: score=2 
    HIST1H4BP628053I2D: score=2 
    HIST1H4CP628053I2D: score=2 
    HIST1H4DP628053I2D: score=2 
    HIST1H4EP628053I2D: score=2 
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/26 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 26):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000082G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle TAS--
    GO:0000083regulation of transcription involved in G1/S phase of mitotic cell cycle TAS--
    GO:0000084S phase of mitotic cell cycle TAS--
    GO:0000122negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter ----
    GO:0000278mitotic cell cycle TAS--


    PCNA for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    PCNA for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for PCNA
    10/133 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for PCNA gene (see all 133)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    paraffin 76.1 238 7684024 (4), 1354428 (4), 1355398 (3), 1359701 (3) (see all 99)
    bromodeoxyuridine 75.5 523 7855002 (6), 9332765 (5), 1363339 (5), 7735116 (5) (see all 99)
    dutp 66.5 50 9212738 (1), 9605486 (1), 16890762 (1), 17220163 (1) (see all 32)
    thymidine 61.3 161 10645230 (4), 8104445 (2), 7596173 (2), 10707869 (2) (see all 98)
    vegf 59.2 303 19549464 (7), 18324478 (6), 11930748 (4), 17636327 (4) (see all 99)
    hematoxylin 57 31 7907850 (1), 7535869 (1), 17725699 (1), 8214260 (1) (see all 24)
    norcantharidin 50.7 9 16784656 (3), 15312360 (2), 15832413 (2), 15567755 (1) (see all 5)
    aphidicolin 50.5 11 15661754 (2), 8532840 (2), 8695747 (1), 16959771 (1) (see all 8)
    estrogen 50.4 145 15565522 (4), 12378862 (3), 17636311 (3), 7831155 (3) (see all 77)
    progesterone 47.9 124 14967954 (3), 12378862 (2), 14680611 (2), 12515910 (2) (see all 76)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about PCNA 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
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    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for PCNA gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_002592.2  NM_182649.1  

    Unigene Cluster for PCNA:

    Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
    Hs.147433  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: BM462208
    2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000379143(uc002wlp.3) ENST00000379160(uc002wlq.3 uc010zqs.1)


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      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PCNA

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK300558.1 AK311014.1 AK313286.1 BC000491.2 BC062439.1 CR536501.1 CR541799.1 D28458.1 
    M15796.1 NR_028370.1 

    24/25 DOTS entries (see all 25):

    DT.91770921  DT.100759039  DT.95196529  DT.100860261  DT.100030957  DT.91711062  DT.91770931  DT.219602 
    DT.120809816  DT.100860263  DT.95369760  DT.120809613  DT.120809442  DT.120809640  DT.100860268  DT.40188445 
    DT.91804433  DT.92367074  DT.120809925  DT.219603  DT.95369779  DT.120809841  DT.91770924  DT.91811414 

    24/733 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 733):

    BP357409 BP871205 CB529827 BG166783 CD364739 BM989257 BQ020619 BQ447329 
    BQ682146 BU624262 CB141467 CA443088 BM692698 BM979950 BP870487 BM464765 
    BM466077 CB116257 BP870563 CB150919 BM758843 BI767353 BP871502 BM781704 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PCNA    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2a · 2b · 2c · 2d ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6a · 6b ^ 7 ^ 8
    SP1:                                -                                             
    SP2:        -     -     -           -                                             
    SP3:                                -                                             
    SP4:                                                                              
    SP5:                                -                                             


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for PCNA

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    PCNA expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: GGCGTGAACC

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image

    PCNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    4 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    BrainMedulla OblongataBrain
    Neural TubeDiencephalic Ventricular ZoneNeural Tube
    Neural TubeMesencephalic Ventricular ZoneNeural Tube
    Neural TubeMetencephalonNeural Tube
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell 
    NameCategory
    Neural stem cells (Fetal Stem / Progenitor Cell)Spinal Cord

    See PCNA Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for PCNA

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.147433
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including PCNA (see all 7): 
              cAMP / Ca2+ Signaling PathwayFinder in human mouse rat
              Stem Cell Transcription Factors in human mouse rat
              DNA Damage Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat
              p53 Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat
              Cellular Senescence in human mouse rat

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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

    Orthologs for PCNA gene from 10/39 species (see all 39)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)
    Mammalia Pcna1 , 5 proliferating cell nuclear antigen1, 5 88.38(n)1
    96.93(a)1
      2 (64.15 cM)5
    185381  NM_011045.21  NP_035175.11 
     1322491625 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves PCNA1 proliferating cell nuclear antigen 83.14(n)
    94.64(a)
      373984  NM_204170.1  NP_989501.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia PCNA6
    --
    91(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    AAWZ02036634(13854-20122)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)
    Amphibia pcna-A2 proliferating cell nuclear antigen 81.32(n)    BC057758.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii pcna2 proliferating cell nuclear antigen 79.82(n)   30678  BC049535.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)
    Insecta mus2091 , 3 DNA replication3
    mutagen-sensitive 2091
    71(a)
    (best of 2)3
    65.89(n)1
    71.04(a)1
      2 56F113
    372901  NM_206182.21  NP_995904.11 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)
    Secernentea pcn-13 cyclin 48(a)   IV(4048321-4049633)   --
    baker's yeast
    (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
    Saccharomycetes POL30(YBR088C)4
    POL301
    Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), functions more4
    Pol30p1
    47.29(n)1
    35.66(a)1
      2(425766-424990)4
    8523851, 4  NP_009645.11, 4 
    thale cress
    (Arabidopsis thaliana)
    eudicotyledons PCNA21 proliferating cell nuclear antigen 2 64.86(n)
    66.02(a)
      817506  NM_128510.2  NP_180517.1 
    rice
    (Oryza sativa)
    Liliopsida Os.33762 Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group) cDNA cloneJ more 70.64(n)    AK071591.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PCNA (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for PCNA (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for PCNA gene

    PCNA for paralogs           About GeneDecksing


    3 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for PCNA
    PGOHUM00000242193 PGOHUM00000245632 PGOHUM00000241260


    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/268 NCBI SNPs in PCNA are shown (see all 268    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 20 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs37304481,2
    C,F,A,H,--5095137(-) TTCCAC/TGGATG 6 -- us2k1 ds500121Minor allele frequency- T:0.15NS EA NA WA CSA 1081
    rs1419368571,2
    --5095155(+) CATCTG/TCATCC 6 -- ds5001 us2k10--------
    rs37612411,2
    C,H,--5095212(+) AACCAT/CACTCC 6 -- ds5001 us2k15Minor allele frequency- C:0.01EA NS 1140
    rs37304471,2
    C,F,A,H,--5095224(-) AATGGG/AGCCCA 6 -- ds5001 us2k113Minor allele frequency- A:0.16NS EA NA WA CSA 839
    rs37295581,2
    C,F,A,H,--5095321(-) GTACCC/GAAAGT 6 -- us2k1 ds500132Minor allele frequency- N:0.00NS EA NA WA CSA 3541
    rs1141161861,2
    F,--5095341(+) CTGAAG/AAGTAT 6 -- us2k1 ds50011Minor allele frequency- A:0.03WA 118
    rs37304461,2
    C,F,A,H,--5095360(-) TTTTAC/TTTGGC 6 -- us2k1 ds500122Minor allele frequency- T:0.19NS EA NA WA CSA 2363
    rs1821656711,2
    --5095519(+) AACCAC/TTTAAA 6 -- ds5001 us2k10--------
    rs1891945851,2
    --5095572(+) ACAGTC/TCTGGT 6 -- ds5001 us2k10--------
    rs37304451,2
    C,F,H,--5095595(-) CACAGG/AGCAGT 6 -- ds5001 us2k117Minor allele frequency- A:0.02NS EA NA WA 2012

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for PCNA (5095599 - 5107272 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for PCNA: --

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    PCNA for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 176740    OMIM disorders: --

    20/322 diseases for PCNA (see all 322):    About MalaCards
    polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma    xeroderma pigmentosum, group a    pigmented villonodular synovitis    xeroderma pigmentosum
    smooth muscle tumor    villonodular synovitis    middle ear cholesteatoma    syringocystadenoma papilliferum
    squamous cell carcinoma    fibrillary astrocytoma    nodular regenerative hyperplasia    epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma
    actinic keratosis    mucinous cystadenocarcinoma    maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma    neural tube defect
    nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome    spitz nevus    dna topoisomerase ii    portal vein thrombosis

    10/98 Novoseek disease relationships for PCNA gene (see all 98)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    tumors 78.5 2016 1281387 (7), 9159335 (6), 8105885 (6), 7606900 (5) (see all 99)
    carcinoma 72.8 370 7909154 (5), 9306559 (5), 8096556 (5), 12390713 (5) (see all 99)
    carcinoma squamous cell 69.5 238 7617390 (4), 8907001 (4), 9001344 (3), 19751907 (3) (see all 99)
    metastasis 66.7 319 15204422 (5), 14669354 (5), 12740649 (4), 9407990 (4) (see all 99)
    laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma 65.6 44 15844604 (3), 12740649 (2), 16995968 (2), 18607952 (2) (see all 19)
    hyperplasia 65.1 115 9066586 (4), 11748989 (3), 10349981 (3), 7927309 (2) (see all 66)
    dysplasia 64.9 196 7907076 (6), 9306559 (6), 8625229 (5), 8102179 (5) (see all 85)
    cancer 63.1 302 8099982 (4), 10370689 (3), 8917358 (3), 9350310 (3) (see all 99)
    hepatocellular carcinoma 60.5 122 7911731 (6), 11930748 (3), 8102592 (3), 18521065 (3) (see all 59)
    retinoblastoma 60.1 53 11835814 (2), 9396398 (2), 9109790 (1), 10212809 (1) (see all 36)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): PCNA
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PCNA (30 documents)
    Tumor Gene Database (TGDB): PCNA

    Export disorders for PCNA gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for PCNA gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 3172):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PCNA)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Structure of the human gene for the proliferating cell nuclear antigen. (PubMed id 2565339)1, 2, 3 Travali S....Calabretta B. (1989)
    2. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen is protected from degradation by forming a complex with MutT Homolog2. (PubMed id 19419956)1, 2, 9 Yu Y.... Zhu W.-G. (2009)
    3. Structural basis for recruitment of human flap endonuclease 1 to PCNA. (PubMed id 15616578)1, 2, 9 Sakurai S.... Hakoshima T. (2005)
    4. PCNA-dependent regulation of p21 ubiquitylation and degradation via the CRL4Cdt2 ubiquitin ligase complex. (PubMed id 18794347)1, 2, 9 Abbas T....Dutta A. (2008)
    5. A defined human system that supports bidirectional mismatch-provoked excision. (PubMed id 15225546)1, 2, 9 Dzantiev L....Modrich P. (2004)
    6. Stimulation of DNA synthesis activity of human DNA polymerase kappa by PCNA. (PubMed id 11784855)1, 2, 9 Haracska L.... Prakash S. (2002)
    7. Role of PCNA-dependent stimulation of 3'-phosphodiest erase and 3'-5' exonuclease activities of human Ape2 in repair of oxidative DNA damage. (PubMed id 19443450)1, 2, 9 Burkovics P....Haracska L. (2009)
    8. Functional roles of p12, the fourth subunit of human DNA polymerase delta. (PubMed id 16510448)1, 2, 9 Li H.... Lee M.Y. (2006)
    9. Tyrosine phosphorylation controls PCNA function through protein stability. (PubMed id 17115032)1, 2, 9 Wang S.C....Hung M.C. (2006)
    10. The DNA repair endonuclease XPG binds to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and shares sequence elements with the PCNA-binding regions of FEN-1 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. (PubMed id 9305916)1, 2, 9 Gary R.... Park M.S. (1997)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  

      Query String
    PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 5111 HGNC: 8729 AceView: PCNA Ensembl:ENSG00000132646 euGenes: HUgn5111
    ECgene: PCNA Kegg: 5111 H-InvDB: PCNA

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for PCNA Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for PCNA Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    NIEHS-SNPshttp://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/pcna/
    Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCNA

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for PCNA gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving PCNA

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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