PARN Gene
protein-coding GIFtS: 59
GCID: GC16M014529
|
|
poly(A)-specific ribonuclease(Previous name: poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (deadenylation nuclease)...)
| |
Aliases
for PARN gene
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc,
7Ensembl,
8DME,
9miRBase,
and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
| Aliases |
|---|
| Poly(A)-Specific Ribonuclease1 2 | | Deadenylation Nuclease2 3 | | DAN1 2 3 5 | | Polyadenylate-Specific Ribonuclease2 3 | | Poly(A)-Specific Ribonuclease (Deadenylation Nuclease)1 2 | | EC 3.1.13.43 8 | | Deadenylating Nuclease2 3 | | Poly(A)-Specific Ribonuclease PARN2 |
Export aliases for PARN gene to outside databasesPrevious GC identifers: GC16M014478 GC16P017836 GC16M014495 GC16M014437 |
Summaries
for PARN gene(According to Entrez Gene,
Tocris Bioscience,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
|
Entrez Gene summary for PARN:
The protein encoded by this gene is a 3'-exoribonuclease, with similarity to the RNase D family of 3'-exonucleases. Itprefers poly(A) as the substrate, hence, efficiently degrades poly(A) tails of mRNAs. Exonucleolytic degradation ofthe poly(A) tail is often the first step in the decay of eukaryotic mRNAs. This protein is also involved in silencingof certain maternal mRNAs during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development, as well as in nonsense-mediateddecay (NMD) of mRNAs that contain premature stop codons. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding differentisoforms have been found for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, Aug 2008)
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PARN_HUMAN, O95453Function: 3'-exoribonuclease that has a preference for poly(A) tails of mRNAs, thereby efficiently degrading poly(A)tails. Exonucleolytic degradation of the poly(A) tail is often the first step in the decay of eukaryotic mRNAs and isalso used to silence certain maternal mRNAs translationally during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development.Interacts with both the 3'-end poly(A) tail and the 5'-end cap structure during degradation, the interaction with thecap structure being required for an efficient degradation of poly(A) tails. Involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay,a critical process of selective degradation of mRNAs that contain premature stop codons. Also involved in degradationof inherently unstable mRNAs that contain AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3'-UTR, possibly via its interaction withKHSRP. Probably mediates the removal of poly(A) tails of AREs mRNAs, which constitutes the first step ofdestabilization
Gene Wiki entry for PARN
|
Genomic Views
for PARN gene
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC (hg19) and
Ensembl (release 69),
Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to
QIAGEN,
SABiosciences, and/or
SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
| RefSeq DNA sequence:- NC_000016.9 NC_018927.1 NT_010393.16
Regulatory elements:
 SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the PARN gene promoter:
POU2F1 POU2F1b POU2F1a POU2F1c Nkx2-5
Other transcription factors
Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for PARN
Epigenetics:
| | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PARN |
Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 16p13 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 16p13.12 HGNC cytogenetic band: 16p13PARN Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
 (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GeneLoc information about chromosome 16 GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC16M014529: view genomic region
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
|
14,529,558 bp from pter |
End:
|
14,726,585 bp from pter |
Size:
|
197,028 bases |
Orientation:
|
minus strand |
|
Proteins
for PARN gene
(According to
1UniProtKB,
HORDE,
neXtProt,
Ensembl,
and/or Reactome,
Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus,
Specific Peptides from DME,
Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Enzo Life Sciences,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Sino Biological,
ProSpec, and/or
Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
OriGene,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
Uscn,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Thermo Fisher Scientific,
Abcam, and/or
Uscn)
About This Section
|
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PARN_HUMAN, O95453 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease PARN Size: 639 amino acids; 73451 Da
Cofactor: Divalent metal cations. Mg(2+) is the most probable
Subunit: Homodimer. Interacts with KHSRP and CELF1/CUGBP1. Found in a mRNA decay complex with RENT1, RENT2 and RENT3B.Interacts with ZC3HAV1 in an RNA-independent manner
Subcellular location: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Nucleus, nucleolus. Note=Some nuclear fraction is nucleolar
3 PDB 3D structures from  and Proteopedia  for PARN:2A1R (3D)
2A1S (3D)
3CTR (3D)
Secondary accessions: B2RCB3 B4DDG8 B4DWR4 B4E1H6Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms: O95453-1 O95453-2 O95453-3 (No experimental confirmation available. Non canonical splice junctions)Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for PARN: NX_O95453
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylation by MAPKAPK2, preventing GADD45A mRNA degradation after genotoxic stress1
View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2View neXtProt modification sites for NX_O95453
4/15 DME Specific Peptides for PARN (O95453) (see all 15)
PARN Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image 
REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts):
NP_001127949.1 NP_001229921.1 NP_002573.1
ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000387911 ENSP00000410525 ENSP00000345456 ENSP00000444381 ENSP00000456279 ENSP00000458103 ENSP00000445659 ENSP00000456982 Reactome Protein details: O95453
Human Recombinant Protein Products:
Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table
PARN for ontologies About GeneDecksing
PARN Antibody Products:
Assay Products for PARN: |
Protein
Domains /
Families
for PARN gene(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
|
PARN for domains About GeneDecksing
5 InterPro domains/families:Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry O95453ProtoNet protein and cluster: O95453 1 Blocks protein family: IPB001374 Single-stranded nucleic acid binding R3H
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PARN_HUMAN, O95453Similarity: Belongs to the CAF1 familySimilarity: Contains 1 R3H domain |
Function
for PARN gene
(According to 1UniProtKB,
Genatlas,
LifeMap Discovery™,
IUBMB, and/or
2DME,
Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi,
Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences,
miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase
shRNA from
OriGene,
RNAi from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Gene Editing from DNA2.0,
Clones from EMD Millipore,
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
Sino Biological,
DNA2.0,
and Vector BioLabs,
Cell Lines from GenScript,
LifeMap BioReagents,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|
Function Summary:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PARN_HUMAN, O95453Function: 3'-exoribonuclease that has a preference for poly(A) tails of mRNAs, thereby efficiently degrading poly(A)tails. Exonucleolytic degradation of the poly(A) tail is often the first step in the decay of eukaryotic mRNAs and isalso used to silence certain maternal mRNAs translationally during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development.Interacts with both the 3'-end poly(A) tail and the 5'-end cap structure during degradation, the interaction with thecap structure being required for an efficient degradation of poly(A) tails. Involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay,a critical process of selective degradation of mRNAs that contain premature stop codons. Also involved in degradationof inherently unstable mRNAs that contain AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3'-UTR, possibly via its interaction withKHSRP. Probably mediates the removal of poly(A) tails of AREs mRNAs, which constitutes the first step ofdestabilizationCatalytic activity: Exonucleolytic cleavage of poly(A) to 5'-AMP Genatlas biochemistry entry for PARN:poly A specific ribonuclease,deadenylation nuclease,ubiquitously expressed,degrading poly A tail of mRNA molecules
Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.1.13.41 2
Clone
Products: |  | Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore | |  | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PARN (see all 3)
OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PARN (see all 2)
OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling 
| |  | GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): PARN (NM_001134477) | |  | Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones | |  | DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene
Synthesis Service for PARN | |  | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PARN |
In Situ Assay
Products: |
 | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PARN |
Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9): About this table
PARN for ontologies About GeneDecksing
|
Pathways & Interactions
for PARN gene
(Pathways according to
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
KEGG,
PharmGKB,
BioSystems,
Reactome,
Tocris Bioscience,
GeneGo (Thomson Reuters),
QIAGEN,
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Interaction Networks according to
SABiosciences,
and/or STRING,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT,
3I2D, and/or
4STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene).
About This Section
|
Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/7 super-pathways (see all 7) About this table
See pathways by source
| Super-pathway | contained gene-specific pathways |
|---|
| 1 | Deadenylation-dependent mRNA decay | | | 2 | Metabolism of mRNA | | | 3 | Wnt / Hedgehog / Notch | | | 4 | Translational Control | | | 5 | Ubiquitinated Orc1 is degraded by the proteasome | |
Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways
2 
Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathways for PARN
5/7 
Reactome Pathways for PARN (see all 7)
1 
Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for PARN):
PARN for pathways About GeneDecksing
Interactions:
SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for PARN
STRING Interaction
Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)
5/29 Interacting proteins for PARN (O954532, 3 ENSP000003879114) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 29)About this table
Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10): About this table | GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|
| GO:0000184 | nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay |
IMP | -- | | GO:0000288 | nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay |
TAS | -- | | GO:0000289 | nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening |
TAS | -- | | GO:0006402 | mRNA catabolic process |
-- | -- | | GO:0007292 | female gamete generation |
TAS | 9736620 |
PARN for ontologies About GeneDecksing
|
Drugs & Compounds
for PARN gene(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience
HMDB,
BitterDB, and/or
Novoseek, and Drugs according to
DrugBank,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news
search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section
|
PARN for compounds About GeneDecksing
 Browse Tocris compounds for PARN
1 Novoseek chemical compound relationship for PARN gene About this table
Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about PARN
|
Transcripts
for PARN gene(Secondary structures according to
fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
transcript ids from Ensembl
with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
shRNA from
OriGene,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
DNA2.0,
Vector BioLabs,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN
)
About This Section
|
REFSEQ mRNAs for PARN gene (3 alternative transcripts): NM_001134477.2 NM_001242992.1 NM_002582.3 Unigene Cluster for PARN: Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease Hs.253197 [show with all ESTs]Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_00258215 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant: ENST00000437198(uc010uzc.2 uc010uzd.2 uc010uze.2 uc010uzf.2 uc010uzg.2)
ENST00000420015 ENST00000341484 ENST00000539279 ENST00000564882 ENST00000564904
ENST00000564113 ENST00000569444 ENST00000563697 ENST00000562715 ENST00000563641
ENST00000538472 ENST00000563155 ENST00000566021 ENST00000562896
Clone
Products: | | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PARN (see all 3)
OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PARN (see all 2)
OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling
| | | GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): PARN (NM_001134477) | | | DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene
Synthesis Service for PARN | | | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PARN |
Additional cDNA sequence: AJ005698.1 AK023866.1 AK293189.1 AK299653.1 AK301648.1 AK303348.1 AK315020.1 BC044763.1 BC050029.1 15 DOTS entries: DT.313148 DT.100780890 DT.91654186 DT.100780883 DT.100650345 DT.102830660 DT.86841429 DT.97798723 DT.102830658 DT.91866628 DT.91922711 DT.91954948 DT.95256219 DT.95375836 DT.40203091 24/160 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 160): BP346146 BQ679680 CB143265 BQ000452 AJ005698 AL713474 AW338742 AI309002 AW262009 CD518439 BQ439078 CA397518 BM546879 BP365831 AI192142 BM465284 BU629697 AL042465 BX113575 NM_002582 BM459206 AI688537 BP339490 BU902608
GeneLoc Exon Structure
|
Expression
for PARN gene
(RNA expression data according to
H-InvDB,
NONCODE,
miRBase, and
RNAdb,
Expression images according to data from
BioGPS,
Illumina Human BodyMap, and
CGAP
SAGE,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™,
plus additional links to
Genevestigator, and/or
SOURCE, and/or
BioGPS, and/or
UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from
SABiosciences,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section
| PARN expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: GCGCTGCTTT
About this image
See PARN Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for PARN
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.253197
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PARN_HUMAN, O95453Tissue specificity: Ubiquitous
SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for PARN
Primer
Products: | | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for PARN
Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
| | | SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat PARN | | | QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat PARN | | | QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PARN | In Situ
Assay Products: |
| Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PARN |
Orthologs
for PARN gene
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
,
5MGI Mar 06 2013,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
and/or
6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara ,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl and
TreeFam)
About This Section
|
This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.
Orthologs for PARN gene from 8/24 species (see all 24) About this table
| Organism |
Taxonomic
classification |
Gene |
Description |
Human
Similarity |
Orthology
Type |
Details |
chicken
(Gallus gallus) |
Aves |
PARN1 |
poly(A)-specific ribonuclease |
78.63(n)
82.23(a) |
|
416423 NM_001030629.1 NP_001025800.1 |
lizard
(Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia |
PARN6 |
-- |
78(a) |
1 ↔ 1 |
GL343691.1(113561-133079) |
African clawed frog
(Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia |
parn-A2 |
poly(A)-specific ribonuclease |
78.38(n) |
|
AF309688.1 |
zebrafish
(Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii |
zgc560672 |
similar to poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (deadenylation more |
74.57(n) |
|
394063 AY398393.1 |
mosquito
(Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta |
PARN1 |
AGAP007399-PA |
46.46(n)
35.04(a) |
|
1269783 XM_308433.4 XP_308433.4 |
worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea |
K10C8.11 |
Protein K10C8.1 |
42.25(n)
28.19(a) |
|
187256 NM_073768.2 NP_506169.2 |
thale cress
(Arabidopsis thaliana) |
eudicotyledons |
AHG21 |
Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease PARN |
42.95(n)
29.05(a) |
|
842037 NM_104464.6 NP_175983.5 |
rice
(Oryza sativa) |
Liliopsida |
---- |
CAF1 family ribonuclease containing protein, putat...CAF1 family ribonuclease containing protein, putat... |
18(a)17(a) |
possible orthologpossible ortholog |
4(23171848-23176690) 8(21408439-21413437) |
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PARN (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for PARN (if available) |
Paralogs
for PARN gene(Paralogs according to
1HomoloGene,
2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section
| Paralogs for PARN gene
- PNLDC12
1 SIMAP similar gene for PARN using alignment to 6 protein entries: PARN_HUMAN (see all proteins):FLJ20555
PARN for paralogs About GeneDecksing
|
Genomic Variants
for PARN gene(SNPs/Variants according to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE,
UniProtKB, and
DNA2.0,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene
Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation
Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN,
Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section
|
| Genomic Data | Transcription Related Data | Allele Frequencies | | SNP ID | Valid | Clinical
significance | Chr 16 pos | Sequence | # | AA
Chg | Type | More | # | Allele
freq | Pop | Total
sample | More |
|---|
HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for PARN (14529558 - 14726585 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 3 variations for PARN
2 CNVs: 3992 4923
1 Indel: 40132 | SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays |
| | QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PARN |
|
Disorders
/ Diseases
for PARN gene
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards,
OMIM, UniProtKB,
the University of Copenhagen DISEASES
database,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
PARN for disorders About GeneDecksing
OMIM gene information: 604212
OMIM disorders: --
2  diseases for PARN: About MalaCardsangelman syndrome malaria
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: PARN (1 document)
Export disorders for PARN gene to outside databases
|
Publications
for PARN gene (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Entrez Gene,
2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
3HGNC,
4GAD,
5PharmGKB,
6HMDB,
7DrugBank,
8UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
9 Novoseek, and/or
10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
PubMed articles for PARN gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 68):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with PARN) | |  | Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information |
- The human gene for the poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) maps to 16p13 and has a truncated copy in the Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome region on 15q11-->q13. (PubMed id 10640832)1, 2, 3, 9 Buiting K.... Horsthemke B. (1999)
- The deadenylating nuclease (DAN) is involved in poly(A) tail removal during the meiotic maturation of Xenopus oocytes. (PubMed id 9736620)1, 2, 9 Koerner C.G....Wahle E. (1998)
- Coordination of divalent metal ions in the active site of poly(A)- specific ribonuclease. (PubMed id 15358788)1, 2, 9 Ren Y.-G.... Virtanen A. (2004)
- Identification of the active site of poly(A)-specific ribonuclease by site-directed mutagenesis and Fe(2+)-mediated cleavage. (PubMed id 11742007)1, 2, 9 Ren Y.-G.... Virtanen A. (2002)
- Structural insight into poly(A) binding and catalytic mechanism of human PARN. (PubMed id 16281054)1, 2, 9 Wu M.... Song H. (2005)
- The mRNA cap structure stimulates rate of poly(A) removal and amplifies processivity of degradation. (PubMed id 11359775)1, 2, 9 Martinez J.... Virtanen A. (2001)
- Tristetraprolin and its family members can promote the cell-free deadenylation of AU-rich element-containing mRNAs by poly(A) ribonuclease. (PubMed id 12748283)1, 2, 9 Lai W.S.... Blackshear P.J. (2003)
- CUG-BP binds to RNA substrates and recruits PARN deadenylase. (PubMed id 16601207)1, 2, 9 Moraes K.C.... Wilusz J. (2006)
- Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in mammalian cells involves decapping, deadenylating, and exonucleolytic activities. (PubMed id 14527413)1, 2, 9 Lejeune F.... Maquat L.E. (2003)
- A KH domain RNA binding protein, KSRP, promotes ARE-directed mRNA turnover by recruiting the degradation machinery. (PubMed id 15175153)1, 2, 9 Gherzi R....Chen C.-Y. (2004)
|
External Searches for PARN gene
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section
|
|
Genome Databases showing PARN gene
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
Kegg,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
|
Other Databases showing PARN gene
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| -- |
Specialized Databases showing PARN gene(According to PharmGKB,
ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section
|
| Name | Description |
| PharmGKB entry for PARN | Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways |
|
| | |
About This Section
| Patent Information for PARN gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving PARN
GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search
|
Products
for PARN gene(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences),
In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics
About This Section
|
 | |
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| | |  | Browse OriGene Antibodies | | OriGene shRNA RFP for PARN | | | OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for PARN | | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for PARN | | | OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for PARN | | Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits | | | OriGene siRNA for PARN | | OriGene 3'-UTR Clone for PARN | | | OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PARN | | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for PARN | | | Browse OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector | | Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids | | | Browse OriGene basic RS shRNAs | | Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs | | | OriGene Purified Protein for PARN | | OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling | | | OriGene Custom Antibody Services for PARN | | OriGene Custom Protein Services for PARN | | | OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development | | |
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| | | QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of in human, mouse, rat PARN | | | QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing PARN | | | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat PARN | | | QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat PARN | | | QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat PARN | | | QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat PARN |
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| | Antibodies & Assays for PARN |
| | | | Search Tocris compounds for PARN |
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 | | | PARN Proteins, Antibodies, CLIAs, and ELISAs |
| | | | | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for PARN |
|  |  |  | | | | ThermoFisher Antibodies for PARN |
| | | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat PARN |
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