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PADI2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 57

GC01M017265
peptidyl arginine deiminase, type II
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
Services    
(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc , and/or 7Ensembl, 8miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases
EC 3.5.3.15 3
KIAA0994 1, 2, 3
OTTHUMP00000002403 2
OTTHUMP00000044625 2
PAD-H19 2, 3
PAD2 2
PDI2 1, 2, 3
Descriptions
Peptidylarginine deiminase II 3
Protein-arginine deiminase type II 3
peptidlyarginine deiminase type II 2
peptidyl arginine deiminase, type II 2
protein arginine deiminase 2
protein-arginine deiminase type-2 2
External Ids
HGNC: 183411
Entrez Gene: 112402
UniProtKB: Q9Y2J83
Ensembl: ENSG000001171157
Search outside databases for aliases for PADI2 gene

Previous GC identifers: GC01M017130 GC01M016434 GC01M016775 GC01M016776 GC01M017138

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

EntrezGene summary for PADI2:
This gene encodes a member of the peptidyl arginine deiminase family of enzymes, which catalyze the
post-translational deimination of proteins by converting arginine residues into citrullines in the
presence of calcium ions. The family members have distinct substrate specificities and
tissue-specific expression patterns. The type II enzyme is the most widely expressed family
member. Known substrates for this enzyme include myelin basic protein in the central nervous
system and vimentin in skeletal muscle and macrophages. This enzyme is thought to play a role in
the onset and progression of neurodegenerative human disorders, including Alzheimer disease and
multiple sclerosis, and it has also been implicated in glaucoma pathogenesis. This gene exists in
a cluster with four other paralogous genes. [provided by RefSeq]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PADI2_HUMAN, Q9Y2J8
Function: Catalyzes the deimination of arginine residues of proteins (By similarity)

Gene Wiki entry for PADI2

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:
UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

 Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the PADI2 gene  

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1p36.13   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  1p36.13   HGNC cytogenetic band: 1p35.2-p35.1

PADI2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 1         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01M017265:     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
17,265,843 bp from pter
End:
17,318,535 bp from pter
Size:
52,693 bases
Orientation:
minus strand
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000001.9  NT_004610.18  
(According to 1UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PADI2_HUMAN, Q9Y2J8 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Protein-arginine deiminase type-2  
Size: 665 amino acids; 75564 Da
Cofactor: Calcium (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm
Secondary accessions: Q9UPN2

REFSEQ proteins: NP_031391.2  

ENSEMBL proteins: 
ENSP00000364630 ENSP00000364635 


Human Recombinant Proteins 
Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich  
Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (PADI2 / PAD2)
Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (PADI2)
                Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells 

1 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component term (links to tree view):

GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
GO:0005737 cytoplasm IEA--
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Antibodies for PADI2: 
Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
Browse Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for PADI2
Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
Antibodies from Abcam (PADI2 / PAD2), each with their AbpromiseSM
Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (PADI2)
Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PADI2

Assays for PADI2: 
Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

5 InterPro domains/families:
 IPR013732 PAD_N
 IPR004303 PAD
 IPR016296 Protein-arginine_deiminase_sub
 IPR013530 PAD_C
 IPR013733 PAD_central


   GeneDecks  PADI2 for the domains selected above  
About GeneDecksing

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9Y2J8

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9Y2J8

1 Blocks protein family: IPB004303 Protein-arginine deiminase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PADI2_HUMAN, Q9Y2J8
Similarity: Belongs to the protein arginine deiminase family

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Inhib.
RNA:
Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (PADI2)
Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (PADI2)
              OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_007365

              Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for PADI2

              Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for PADI2  
                     Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for PADI2  
                     Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

Clones:Browse Clone Ranger at Invitrogen for clones
Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_007365
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_007365
                                 untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_007365 

Primers: Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers
              OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_007365

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PADI2_HUMAN, Q9Y2J8
Function: Catalyzes the deimination of arginine residues of proteins (By similarity)
Catalytic activity: Protein L-arginine + H(2)O = protein L-citrulline + NH(3)
Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.5.3.15 

1 MGI phenotypic allele for Padi2 (no phenotypes)


3 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view):

GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
GO:0004668 protein-arginine deiminase activity IEA--
GO:0005509 calcium ion binding IEA--
GO:0016787 hydrolase activity IEA--
About this table

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, and/or 3STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section


 Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for  PADI2 


1 Interacting protein for PADI2 (ENSP000003646353) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING
InteractantInteraction Details
GeneCardExternal ID(s)
PSMD14ENSP000002636393STRING (score=.748)
About this table

2 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view):

GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
GO:0006464 protein modification process IEA--
GO:0018101 peptidyl-citrulline biosynthetic process from peptidyl-arginine IEA--
About this table
(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences
Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse Tocris compounds for PADI2

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

Inhib.
RNA:
Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (PADI2)
Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (PADI2)
              OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_007365

              Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for PADI2  
                     Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for PADI2  
                     Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: 

NM_007365  

REFSEQ mRNAs for PADI2 gene: 

NM_007365.2   

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays: 

NM_007365  

              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_007365
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_007365
                                 untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_007365 

Additional cDNA sequence: 

AB023211.1 AB030176.1 AK123164.1 AK295783.1 BC009701.1 

4 DOTS entries:

DT.111082  DT.101979860  DT.95371178  DT.91825782 

24/78 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 78 ):

BQ639564 AA379165 BQ189298 AA873108 AA670309 BX500321 AB023211 BQ233161 
BC009701 F31655 AA701093 BE906933 AB030176 BG678750 CK299263 T34748 
BM984900 Z28656 BQ711193 BI488709 NM_007365 BV166926 BX114050 AK123164 

highest scoring ESTs for PADI2:

AB023211 AB030176 BC009701 BE907422 BI757602 BM925667 BQ233161 AA151676 AA442724 AA483340 

Unigene Cluster for PADI2:

Peptidyl arginine deiminase, type II
Hs.33455  [show with all ESTs]
Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_007365


GeneLoc Exon Structure

5 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PADI2

ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12a · 12b ^ 13a · 13b ^ 14 ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18a · 18b
SP1:                    -     -                             -                       -                 -                                       
SP2:                    -     -                             -                       -                                                         
SP3:                                                                                                  -                                       
SP4:                                                                                -                                                         
SP5:                                                                                                                                          

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for PADI2

2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:
ENST00000375481  ENST00000375486  
(Experimental results according to 1GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to 2GeneAnnot , 3GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
About This Section

PADI2 expression in normal and diseased human tissues

 Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for PADI2

1 / 2 / 3

5 probe-sets matching PADI2 gene


Affymetrix
probe-set
Array  GeneAnnot data GeneNote data GeneTide data
# genes Sensitivity Specificity Correlation Length Gb_Accession Consensus Uniqueness Score Rank
35674_at2, 3 U95-A 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 AB023211 1.00 1.00 1.00 1

209791_at2 U133-A 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1554384_at2 U133Plus2 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

209791_at2 U133Plus2 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

1554385_a_at2 U133Plus2 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GeneDecks  PADI2 for binary patterns associated with the probe-sets selected above  
About GeneDecksing
About this table    
Data from (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
    About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: GCTCTTCCCC

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.33455

Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for PADI2

(Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD and/or 5MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section


Orthologs for PADI2 gene from 5/8 species (see all 8 )
Organism Gene Locus Description Human
Similarity
NCBI accessions
dog
(Canis familiaris)
PADI21   -- peptidyl arginine deiminase, type II 91.48(n)
94.48(a)
487414  XM_544539.2  XP_544539.2 
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
PADI21   -- peptidyl arginine deiminase, type II 99.45(n)
100(a)
456527  XM_513113.2  XP_513113.2 
cow
(Bos taurus)
PADI21   -- peptidyl arginine deiminase, type II 90.43(n)
92.18(a)
617851  XM_870175.2  XP_875268.2 
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
Padi21   -- peptidyl arginine deiminase, type II 88.37(n)
93.68(a)
29511  NM_017226.1  NP_058922.1 
mouse
(Mus musculus)
Padi21, 5 4 (71.00 cM)5
peptidyl arginine deiminase, type II1, 5 87.82(n)1
93.08(a)1
186001  NM_008812.11  NP_032838.11 
 AB1216925  AK0337605  (see all 19)
About this table        Species with no ortholog for PADI2

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PADI2
(Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene
and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Paralogs for PADI2 gene
PADI42  PADI12  PADI62  PADI32  

(According to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section


10/474 NCBI SNPs in PADI2 are shown (see all 474 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay)  (see all 170)
ABGenomic DataTranscription DataAllele Frequencies
SNP IDValidChr 1 posSequenceRecsAA
Chg
TypeMoreRecsAllele
freq
PopTotal
sample
More
------------
rs22359261,2
A,C,F,H,O17267868(-) GGAACG/AGAACA 1 -- ut3112Minor allele frequency- A:0.49EA NA EU WA 2412
rs22359271,2
A,C,F,H,O17267362(-) CAATGC/TGTAAA 1 -- ut31 ese320Minor allele frequency- T:0.45EA NS MN EU WA NA 4474
rs26471761,2
A,C,F,H17318497(+) GGCCGG/CGAGCA 1 -- ut51 ese34Minor allele frequency- C:0.01EU EA WA 402
--
rs27465331,2
A,C,F,H17266633(-) GCCAGT/CCCACT 1 -- ut31 ese34Minor allele frequency- C:0.08EU EA WA 410
rs75160871,2
A,C,F,H17266476(+) AGACAA/GCAGCT 1 -- ut318Minor allele frequency- G:0.43EU EA WA 816
rs101573871,2
A,C,F,H17267210(+) GCTGGT/CGAACA 1 -- ut31 ese37Minor allele frequency- C:0.11NA EU EA WA 560
rs20765981,2
A,C,F,H17268108(-) CCTGGC/TGTTTG 1 -- ut31 ese38Minor allele frequency- T:0.42EA NA EU WA 1830
rs121333341,2
A,C,F,H17266961(+) TTTAAC/AGATTG 1 -- ut31 ese37Minor allele frequency- A:0.46NA EU EA WA 554
rs101578281,2
A,C,F,H17267200(+) GAATCC/TGGCTG 1 -- ut31 ese37Minor allele frequency- T:0.12NA EU EA WA 552
rs121345821,2
A,C,F,H17265567(+) GTTCCT/CGAATG 1 -- ng518Minor allele frequency- C:0.46EU EA WA 838
About this table

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for PADI2 (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

OMIM: 607935

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

  --

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Novoseek, 2HGNC, 3Entrez Gene, 4UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 5UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 6GAD, and/or 7PharmGKB)
About This Section

10/21 PubMed articles for PADI2 gene (see all 21 ):
(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

 ANDOR
Aliases
Free Text  

  Query String
PubMed
OMIM
NCBI Bookshelf
  (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)
(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 11240 HGNC: 18341 AceView: PADI2 Ensembl:ENSG00000117115 euGenes: HUgn11240
ECgene: PADI2 H-InvDB: PADI2
(According to HUGE)
About This Section

HUGE: KIAA0994
(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

NameDescription
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for PADI2 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)
About This Section

  --
(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
About This Section



Products for PADI2:
 TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays
 TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays
  Free SNP selection tool



  Invitrogen iPath Pathways  Invitrogen BLOCK-iT™ RNAi
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 Predesigned and custom siRNAs for PADI2 Antibodies for PADI2
 Explore super-pooled esiRNAs Browse proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
 Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for PADI2 Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
 "Your Favorite Gene" Pathwaysfeedback


  
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 Recombinant & Natural Proteins  

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 Recombinant Proteins
(PADI2 / PAD2)
 Antibodies (PADI2 / PAD2)
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 Search Tocris compounds for PADI2




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 Antibodies for PADI2

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