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PACRG Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 56

GC06P163118
PARK2 co-regulated
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
Services    
(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc , and/or 7Ensembl, 8miRBase)
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Aliases
FLJ32724 1, 2
GLUP 2, 3
Glup 1
HAK005771 1, 2
OTTHUMP00000017729 2
OTTHUMP00000017730 2
PARK2CRG 1, 2
RP3-495O10.2 2
Descriptions
Molecular chaperone/chaperonin-binding protein 2, 3
PARK2 co-regulated 2
PARK2 coregulated gene protein 3
parkin co-regulated gene protein 2
External Ids
HGNC: 191521
Entrez Gene: 1351382
UniProtKB: Q96M983
Ensembl: ENSG000001125307
Search outside databases for aliases for PACRG gene

Previous GC identifers: GC06P162502 GC06P163021 GC06P163057

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

EntrezGene summary for PACRG:
This gene encodes a protein that is conserved across metazoans. In vertebrates, this gene is linked
in a head-to-head arrangement with the adjacent parkin gene, which is associated with autosomal
recessive juvenile Parkinson's disease. These genes are co-regulated in various tissues and
they share a bi-directional promoter. Both genes are associated with susceptibility to leprosy.
The parkin co-regulated gene protein forms a large molecular complex with chaperones, including
heat shock proteins 70 and 90, and chaperonin components. This protein is also a component of Lewy
bodies in Parkinson's disease patients, and it suppresses unfolded Pael receptor-induced
neuronal cell death. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for
this gene. [provided by RefSeq]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PACRG_HUMAN, Q96M98
Function: Suppresses cell death induced by accumulation of unfolded Pael receptor (Pael-R, a
substrate of Parkin). Facilitates the formation of inclusions consisting of Pael-R, molecular
chaperones, protein degradation molecules and itself when proteasome is inhibited. May play an
important role in the formation of Lewy bodies and protection of dopaminergic neurons against
Parkinson disease

Gene Wiki entry for PACRG

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:
UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

 Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the PACRG gene  

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6q26   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  6q26   HGNC cytogenetic band: 6q26

PACRG Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 6         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06P163118:     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
163,068,154 bp from pter
End:
163,656,514 bp from pter
Size:
588,361 bases
Orientation:
plus strand
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000006.10  NT_007422.13  
(According to 1UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PACRG_HUMAN, Q96M98 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Parkin coregulated gene protein  
Size: 296 amino acids; 33342 Da
Subunit: Forms a large molecular chaperone complex containing heat shock proteins 70 and 90 and
chaperonin components. Interacts with STIP1, PARK2, GPR37, HSPA8, CCT1, CCT2, CCT3, CCT4, CCT5,
CCT6A, CCT7, CCT8
Miscellaneous: Linked to PARK2 in a head-to-head arrangement on opposite DNA strands and share a
common 5' flanking promoter region
Secondary accessions: Q6IMB8 Q8IZM1 Q8NHP5 Q9H1V9
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  Q96M98-1   Q96M98-2   

REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts): 
NP_001073847.1  NP_001073848.1  NP_689623.2  


ENSEMBL proteins: 
ENSP00000337946 ENSP00000355855 ENSP00000355854 


Human Recombinant Proteins 
Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich  
Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (PACRG)
Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (PACRG)
                Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells 


Antibodies for PACRG: 
Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
Browse Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
Browse Antibodies at Sigma-Aldrich
Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
Antibodies from Abcam (PACRG), each with their AbpromiseSM
Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (PACRG)
Novus Biologicals Antibody for PACRG

Assays for PACRG: 
Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

1 InterPro domain/family:
 IPR019399 Parkin_co-regulated_protein


   GeneDecks  PACRG for the domains selected above  
About GeneDecksing

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q96M98

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q96M98

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
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Inhib.
RNA:
Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (PACRG)
Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
Browse Abnova for Chimera RNAi Products
               OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 3): NM_001080378

              Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for PACRG

              Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for PACRG  
                     Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for PACRG  
                     Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

Clones:Invitrogen Clones for PACRG
Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
               OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): NM_001080378
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): NM_001080378
                                 untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): NM_001080378 

Primers: Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers
              OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_152410

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PACRG_HUMAN, Q96M98
Function: Suppresses cell death induced by accumulation of unfolded Pael receptor (Pael-R, a
substrate of Parkin). Facilitates the formation of inclusions consisting of Pael-R, molecular
chaperones, protein degradation molecules and itself when proteasome is inhibited. May play an
important role in the formation of Lewy bodies and protection of dopaminergic neurons against
Parkinson disease

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, and/or 3STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section


 Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for  PACRG 


4 Interacting proteins for PACRG (ENSP000003379463) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING
InteractantInteraction Details
GeneCardExternal ID(s)
PARK2ENSP000003558653STRING (score=.958)
UBCENSP000003448183STRING (score=.904)
TUBD1ENSP000003207973STRING (score=.754)
QKIENSP000003550943STRING (score=.73)
About this table
(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences
Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse Tocris compounds for PACRG

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

Inhib.
RNA:
Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (PACRG)
Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
Browse Abnova for Chimera RNAi Products
               OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 3): NM_001080378

              Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for PACRG  
                     Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for PACRG  
                     Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: 

NM_001080378  NM_001080379  NM_152410  

REFSEQ mRNAs for PACRG gene (3 alternative transcripts): 

NM_001080378.1   NM_001080379.1   NM_152410.2   

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays: 

NM_001080378  NM_001080379  NM_152410  

               OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): NM_001080378
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): NM_001080378
                                 untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): NM_001080378 

Additional cDNA sequence: 

AF546872.1 AK057286.1 BC030642.2 BC044227.1 

6 DOTS entries:

DT.97840033  DT.100749673  DT.99943065  DT.86846739  DT.91898239  DT.95266722 

24/64 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 64 ):

BG221533 BX282726 BK001670 AF546872 AW205586 BM980788 BC044227 AI188068 
AA398695 BU624957 BM708518 AA776722 BC030642 BE501088 AI830880 BI761773 
BI912716 AA397653 BM552762 AK057286 AA846785 AA393483 BE672396 BF725129 

highest scoring ESTs for PACRG:

BG191583 BM969647 CA312473 AA393483 AA398695 AA846785 AF546872 AK057286 AW419334 BC030642 

Unigene Cluster for PACRG:

PARK2 co-regulated
Hs.25791  [show with all ESTs]
Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_152410


GeneLoc Exon Structure

3 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PACRG

ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b
SP1:              -                                             
SP2:              -                             -               
SP3:                                            -               

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for PACRG

3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:
ENST00000337019  ENST00000366889  ENST00000366888  
(Experimental results according to 1GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to 2GeneAnnot , 3GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
About This Section

PACRG expression in normal and diseased human tissues

 Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for PACRG

1 / 2 / 3

6 probe-sets matching PACRG gene


Affymetrix
probe-set
Array  GeneAnnot data GeneNote data GeneTide data
# genes Sensitivity Specificity Correlation Length Gb_Accession Consensus Uniqueness Score Rank

37878_at2, 3 U95-A 1 0.94 1.00 0.72 0.83 W55917 0.80 0.88 0.84 1
56939_at2, 3 U95-C 1 0.56 1.00 0.91 1.18 AA399009 0.40 0.67 0.55 1

214204_at2, 3 U133-A 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- BF224076 0.60 0.83 0.73 1

215472_at2, 3 U133-A 1 0.73 1.00 -- -- AI017119 0.20 1.00 0.72 1

214204_at2 U133Plus2 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

215472_at2 U133Plus2 1 0.73 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GeneDecks  PACRG for binary patterns associated with the probe-sets selected above  
About GeneDecksing
About this table    
Data from (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
    About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: CTGGAACACG

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.25791

Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for PACRG

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PACRG_HUMAN, Q96M98
Tissue specificity: Expressed in all immune tissues, spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, tonsils,
leukocyte and bone marrow. Expressed also in heart, brain, skeletal muscle, kidney, lung and
pancreas. Expressed in primary Schwann cells and very weakly by monocyte-derived macrophages the
primary host cells of Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of leprosy. Component of Lewy
bodies, intraneuronal inclusions found in the brain of Parkinson disease patients

(Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD and/or 5MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section


Orthologs for PACRG gene from 5/13 species (see all 13 )
Organism Gene Locus Description Human
Similarity
NCBI accessions
dog
(Canis familiaris)
PACRG1   -- PARK2 co-regulated 93.77(n)
97.67(a)
484071  XM_541188.2  XP_541188.2 
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
PACRG1   -- PARK2 co-regulated 99.44(n)
100(a)
741393  XM_001154274.1  XP_001154274.1 
cow
(Bos taurus)
PACRG1   -- PARK2 co-regulated 92.78(n)
95.88(a)
767959  NM_001077027.1  NP_001070495.1 
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
Pacrg1   -- Park2 co-regulated 90.66(n)
96.11(a)
499021  XM_574315.2  XP_574315.1 
mouse
(Mus musculus)
Pacrg1, 5 17 (5.90 cM)5
PARK2 co-regulated5
Park2 co-regulated1
88.8(n)1
92.12(a)1
693101  NM_027032.21  NP_081308.11 
 AC0906535  AC0906565  (see all 12)
About this table        Species with no ortholog for PACRG

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for PACRG
(Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene
and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Paralogs for PACRG gene
PACRGL2  

(According to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PACRG_HUMAN, Q96M98
Polymorphism: Involved in susceptibility to leprosy (LPRS2) [MIM:607572]. LPRS2 is associated with
polymorphisms in the 5'-regulatory region shared by the PARK2 gene


10/3560 NCBI SNPs in PACRG are shown (see all 3560 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay)  (see all 1132)
ABGenomic DataTranscription DataAllele Frequencies
SNP IDValidChr 6 posSequenceRecsAA
Chg
TypeMoreRecsAllele
freq
PopTotal
sample
More
------------
--
rs94587861,2
A,C,F,H163656804(+) CTGGCG/AGTTTG 3 -- ng314Minor allele frequency- A:0.44EU EA WA 414
rs69037581,2
A,C,F,H163656492(+) TTGACA/GTTCAA 3 -- ut316Minor allele frequency- G:0.39EU EA WA NA 594
rs93061,2
A,C,F,H163656194(+) TAGTGC/TCTGTT 3 -- ut31 ese36Minor allele frequency- T:0.39MN EU EA WA 790
--
rs69277671,2
C163656677(+) TACGTA/GTGAAA 3 -- ng310--------
rs345727481,2
F163655880(-) TTCTGC/TTGGCT 3 Q/Q syn11Minor allele frequency- T:0.03NA 74
rs5773981,2
A,C,F,H,O163448796(+) TACAAA/GGACTC 3 -- int17Minor allele frequency- G:0.46NA EU EA WA 562
rs27476951,2
A,C,F,H,O163517093(+) AGACCC/AGTTAA 3 -- int115Minor allele frequency- A:0.39EA NA EU WA 1298
rs15409221,2
A,C,F,H,O163544873(+) AGGTTT/CCTGCA 3 -- int17Minor allele frequency- C:0.38EU EA WA NA 556
rs5048441,2
A,C,F,H,O163471366(-) CCAGAT/CGTTGG 3 -- int117Minor allele frequency- C:0.23NA EU EA WA 1580
rs5005471,2
A,C,F,H,O163471774(-) gctctG/Cagtcc 3 -- int111Minor allele frequency- C:0.43EU EA WA NA 980
About this table

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for PACRG (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

OMIM: 608427

2 Novoseek disease relationships for PACRG gene

Disease   Score   Articles   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
parkinsonism 56.26 4 15925106 (2), 17590346 (1), 17068781 (1)
parkinson disease 49.61 3 17590346 (2), 15301585 (1)
About this table

Genetic Association Database: PACRG
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: PACRG (5 documents)

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

  --

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Novoseek, 2HGNC, 3Entrez Gene, 4UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 5UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 6GAD, and/or 7PharmGKB)
About This Section

10/24 PubMed articles for PACRG gene (see all 24 ):
(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

 ANDOR
Aliases
Free Text  

  Query String
PubMed
OMIM
NCBI Bookshelf
  (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)
(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 135138 HGNC: 19152 AceView: PACRG Ensembl:ENSG00000112530 euGenes: HUgn135138
ECgene: PACRG H-InvDB: PACRG
(According to HUGE)
About This Section

  --
(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

  --
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)
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  --
(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
About This Section



Products for PACRG:
 TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays
 TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays
  Free SNP selection tool



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 Predesigned and custom siRNAs for PACRG Browse antibodies at Sigma-Aldrich
 Explore super-pooled esiRNAs Browse proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
 Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for PACRG Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
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 Antibodies for PACRG

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