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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

NANOS3 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 47
GCID: GC19P013972

nanos homolog 3 (Drosophila)

 Explore 2 diseases affiliated with
NANOS3 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for NANOS3
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Nanos Homolog 3 (Drosophila)1 2
NOS31 2 3
NANOS1L1 2
Nanos Homolog 32
NOS-33

External Ids:    HGNC: 220481   Entrez Gene: 3429772   Ensembl: ENSG000001875567   OMIM: 6082295   UniProtKB: P603233   

Export aliases for NANOS3 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC19P013850 GC19P013851 GC19P013852 GC19P013854 GC19P013857 GC19P013988 GC19P013559


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: NANO3_HUMAN, P60323
Function: Plays a role in the maintenance of the undifferentiated state of germ cells regulating the spermatogonia cell
cycle and inducing a prolonged transit in G1 phase. Affects cell proliferation probably by repressing translation of
specific mRNAs. Maintains the germ cell lineage by suppressing both Bax-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways.
Essential in the early stage embryo to protect the migrating primordial germ cells (PGCs) from apoptosis

summary for NANOS3:
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), along with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and neuronal
nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), catalyze the generation of nitric oxide and L-citrulline from L-arginine and
molecular oxygen. It is activated at concentrations of calcium greater than 100 nM and requires
tetrahydrobiopterin, flavin adenine dinucleotide, flavin mononucleotide and NADPH for catalytic activity.
eNOS is tightly regulated by co- and post-translational lipid modifications, phosphorylation by Akt/PKB, PKA
and AMPK and protein-protein interactions. Negative protein-protein interactions are mediated by Hsp90 and
Cav-1 in the Golgi and by NOSIP and NOSTRIN at the plasma membrane, whilst dynamin, porin and soluble
guanylyl cyclase are positive regulators of eNOS activity. eNOS is a critical mediator of cardiovascular
homeostasis through regulation of the diameter of blood vessels and maintenance of an antiproliferative and
antiapoptotic environment in the vasculature. The human gene encoding eNOS is localized to chromosome 7q36.




(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000019.9  NC_018930.1  NT_011295.11  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the NANOS3 gene promoter:
         SRF   AhR   SRF (504 AA)   MyoD   Arnt   PPAR-alpha   CP2   Sox9   NF-kappaB1   LyF-1   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 6): NANOS3 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for NANOS3

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat NANOS3


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 19p13.13   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  19p13.13   HGNC cytogenetic band: 19p13.13

NANOS3 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
NANOS3 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 19         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC19P013972:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
13,972,877 bp from pter      End:
13,991,571 bp from pter
Size:
18,695 bases      Orientation:
plus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: NANO3_HUMAN, P60323 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Nanos homolog 3  
Size: 173 amino acids; 18844 Da
Subunit: Binds mRNA from germ cells. Interacts with PUM2 (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic granule (By similarity). Cytoplasm, P-body (By similarity).
Note=The cytoplasmic granules are stress granules which are a dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins
and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. Co-localizes with PUM2, EIF2S1 and TIAL1 in the stress granules.
Co-localizes with DCP1A in the P-body (By similarity)
Developmental stage: Fetal ovary and fetal testis (at protein level)
Secondary accessions: Q495E5
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  P60323-1   P60323-2   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for NANOS3: NX_P60323

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P60323

  • NANOS3 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    NANOS3 Protein Expression
    REFSEQ proteins: NP_001092092.1  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000466866   ENSP00000468786   ENSP00000341992   ENSP00000380687  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products for NANOS3: 
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    Novus Biologicals NANOS3 Lysate
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    Uscn Proteins for NANOS3

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000932cytoplasmic mRNA processing body ISS--
    GO:0005634nucleus IDA--
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IDA--
    GO:0010494cytoplasmic stress granule ISS--

    NANOS3 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    NANOS3 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    2 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR024161 Znf_nanos-typ
     IPR008705 Nanos/Xcar2

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P60323

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P60323

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB008705 Nanos RNA-binding

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: NANO3_HUMAN, P60323
    Domain: The Nanos-type zinc finger is composed of two C2HC motifs, each motif binding one molecule of zinc. It is
    essential for the translation repression activity of the protein (By similarity)
    Similarity: Belongs to the nanos family
    Similarity: Contains 1 nanos-type zinc finger


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, Sirion Biotech, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Molecular Function:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: NANO3_HUMAN, P60323
    Function: Plays a role in the maintenance of the undifferentiated state of germ cells regulating the spermatogonia cell
    cycle and inducing a prolonged transit in G1 phase. Affects cell proliferation probably by repressing translation of
    specific mRNAs. Maintains the germ cell lineage by suppressing both Bax-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways.
    Essential in the early stage embryo to protect the migrating primordial germ cells (PGCs) from apoptosis

         Gene Ontology (GO): 3 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0003723RNA binding ISS--
    GO:0005515protein binding ----
    GO:0008270zinc ion binding IEA--
         
    NANOS3 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Phenotypes:
         3 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 3 alleles(MGI details for Nanos3):
     endocrine/exocrine gland  no phenotypic analysis  reproductive system 

    NANOS3 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing

    Animal Models:
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Customizable classic, inducible, and humanized mouse model solutions for NANOS3 

    miRNA
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    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: NANOS3
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    Inhib. RNA
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    Gene Editing
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    Sirion Biotech Customized inducible overexpressing cell line services for NANOS3

    In Situ Assay
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    Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for NANOS3


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways


    3 Tocris Bioscience Pathways for NANOS3
        Akt Pathway
    Apoptosis Pathway
    VEGF Pathway


    Interactions:

        Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for NANOS3

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006417regulation of translation ISS--
    GO:0007275multicellular organismal development IEA--
    GO:0007281germ cell development IMP--
    GO:0007283spermatogenesis ISS--
    GO:0043066negative regulation of apoptotic process ISS--

    NANOS3 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section
    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Compounds for NANOS3 available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    L-NNANOS inhibitor (nNOS = eNOS >> iNOS)[2149-70-4]
    L-NIO dihydrochloridePotent eNOS inhibitor[36889-13-1]
    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about NANOS3 / NANO3 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for NANOS3 gene: 
    NM_001098622.2  

    Unigene Cluster for NANOS3:

    Nanos homolog 3 (Drosophila)
    Hs.127982  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001098622
    4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000591727 ENST00000591161 ENST00000339133(uc002mxj.4) ENST00000397555


    miRNA
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    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for NANOS3 (see all 7)
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      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat NANOS3
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat NANOS3

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    BC101209.2 BC101210.1 

    2 DOTS entries:

    DT.95253997  DT.75126873 

    12 AceView cDNA sequences:

    AA970499 BM702754 CK821052 BI793167 BE043072 BU729805 BE219497 BI792898 
    CK821051 AI801869 AW384535 BG203139 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    NANOS3 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TCCACCTAGG
    NANOS3 Expression
    About this image

    NANOS3 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table

    3 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    PlacentaAllantoisPrimordial Germ CellsGerm Cells
    Reproductive SystemEarly GonadPrimordial Germ CellsGerm Cells
    TestisSeminiferous TubulesSpermatogonium Type AGerm Cells, Male Gametocytes
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 2 LifeMap Cells 
    NameCategory
    Primordial germ cell-like cells (Reconstitution of mo...)
    Pancreatic endoderm/endocrine precursor-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

    See NANOS3 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for NANOS3

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.127982

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: NANO3_HUMAN, P60323
    Tissue specificity: Ovary, testis and brain (at protein level). In the ovaries, expressed during multiple stages of
    oogenesis, including primordial, primary, secondary and antral follicles with the highest expression in the oocytes.
    In the testis, expressed in germ cells, type A spermatogonia (SA), primary spermatocytes (S1), round spermatids (S3)
    and elongated spermatids

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    In Situ
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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for NANOS3 gene from 1/13 species (see all 13)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii nanos31 nanos homolog 3 52.21(n)
    44.12(a)
      140631  NM_131878.1  NP_571953.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for NANOS3 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for NANOS3 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for NANOS3 gene
    NANOS22  NANOS12  
    2 SIMAP similar genes for NANOS3 using alignment to 1 protein entry:     NANO3_HUMAN:
    NANOS1    NANOS2

    NANOS3 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/127 NCBI SNPs in NANOS3 are shown (see all 127    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 19 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs1400300891,2
    --13986146(+) CAGGCA/GTCTGC 2 -- us2k1 ds50010--------
    rs1449107651,2
    --13986341(+) GCTCCA/GTGGAG 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1168381491,2
    F--13986379(+) GAGACA/GGGATC 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- G:0.03WA 118
    rs1914094971,2
    --13986407(+) GCTGGA/TGTGCA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1479380031,2
    --13986422(+) TGTGAC/TCTTAG 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1417747651,2
    --13986460(+) CAAGCC/GTTGAT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1124955451,2
    --13986471(+) CCTCCC/TGCCTC 1 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- T:0.04CSA WA 120
    rs759036141,2
    --13986492(+) GTAGCC/TGGAAC 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- T:0.01WA 118
    rs801065651,2
    --13986493(+) TAGCCA/GGAACC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs104030251,2
    C,F,H--13986555(+) AACAGG/AGTCTC 1 -- us2k19Minor allele frequency- A:0.09NS NA WA 1014

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for NANOS3 (13972877 - 13991571 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for NANOS3
         1 CNV: 5088

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing NANOS3
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for NANOS3

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    NANOS3 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 608229    OMIM disorders: --

    2 diseases for NANOS3:    About MalaCards
    premature ovarian failure    seminoma

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: NANOS3 (1 document)

    Export disorders for NANOS3 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for NANOS3 gene integrated from 9 sources:
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with NANOS3)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. NANOS3 function in human germ cell development. (PubMed id 21421998)1, 2 Julaton V.T. and Reijo Pera R.A. (2011)
    2. The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. (PubMed id 15057824)1, 2 Grimwood J.... Lucas S.M. (2004)
    3. Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. (PubMed id 8889548)1, 2 Bonaldo M.F.... Soares M.B. (1996)
    4. NANOS3 gene mutations in men with isolated sterility phenotype. (PubMed id 19565640)1 Kusz K....Jaruzelska J. (2009)
    5. Mutation analysis of NANOS3 in 80 Chinese and 88 Caucasian women with premature ovarian failure. (PubMed id 17418157)1 Qin Y....Rajkovic A. (2007)
    6. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    7. Conserved role of nanos proteins in germ cell development. (PubMed id 12947200)1 Tsuda M....Saga Y. (2003)
    8. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. (PubMed id 12477932)1 Strausberg R.L....Marra M.A. (2002)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Free Text  

      Query String
    PubMed
    OMIM
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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 342977 HGNC: 22048 AceView: NANOS3 Ensembl:ENSG00000187556 euGenes: HUgn342977
    ECgene: NANOS3 H-InvDB: NANOS3

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for NANOS3 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for NANOS3 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving NANOS3

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    (Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0 and Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, and Sirion Biotech, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
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    GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 18 Mar 2013 - Incrementals: 21 Mar 2013 , 15 Apr 2013 , 26 Apr 2013 , 14 May 2013

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