MT-CYB Gene

Aliases
for MT-CYB gene

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
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Previous GC identifer: GC00U921586

Summaries
for MT-CYB gene

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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Genomic Views
for MT-CYB gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
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Browse SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids

DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat MT-CYB

GeneLoc information about chromosome MT         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GCMTP014749:       (about GC identifiers)

Proteins
for MT-CYB gene

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, ²neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, antibodies-online, and/or GeneTex,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, Cloud-Clone Corp, antibodies-online, and/or others.)
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Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for MT-CYB: NX_P00156

Explore proteomics data for MT-CYB at MOPED

Post-translational modifications: 

MT-CYB Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	antibodies-online peptides for MT-CYB

MT-CYB Antibody Products:

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	antibodies-online antibodies for MT-CYB (32 products)

MT-CYB Assay Products:

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	antibodies-online kits for MT-CYB (22 products)

Domains /
Families
for MT-CYB gene

(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
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ProtoNet protein and cluster: P00156

Find genes that share domains with MT-CYB           About GenesLikeMe

Function
for MT-CYB gene

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, genOway,
transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs and/or Addgene, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Flow cytometry from eBioscience, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
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     Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms:    About this table

genOway: Develop your customized and physiologically relevant rodent model for MT-CYB

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target MT-CYB: hsa-mir-140-5p (MIRT045822), hsa-mir-100-5p (MIRT048433), hsa-mir-29a-3p (MIRT049965), hsa-mir-652-3p (MIRT039477), hsa-mir-1301-3p (MIRT035968), hsa-mir-423-3p (MIRT042521), hsa-mir-744-5p (MIRT037484), hsa-mir-186-5p (MIRT045100)
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Gene Editing Products:

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In Situ Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for MT-CYB

Localization
for MT-CYB gene

(According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
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Subcellular locations from COMPARTMENTS: 

Compartment	Confidence
mitochondrion	5
nucleus	3
plasma membrane	3
chloroplast	2
extracellular	1

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Gene Ontology (GO): 5 cellular component terms:    About this table

Pathways & Interactions
for MT-CYB gene

(SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
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SuperPaths for MT-CYB About     See pathways by source

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	SuperPath	Contained pathways About
1	Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins.	Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins. 0.81 Oxidative phosphorylation 0.64 Respiratory electron transport 0.81 Parkinson's disease 0.57 Electron Transport Chain 0.75 Huntington's disease 0.45 The citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport 0.71 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) 0.41
2	Metabolism	Metabolism 0.38 Metabolic pathways 0.38
3	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer's disease 0.44
4	Cardiac muscle contraction	Cardiac muscle contraction

1 BioSystems Pathway for MT-CYB

Electron Transport Chain

1 Reactome Pathway for MT-CYB

Respiratory electron transport

Selected Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for MT-CYB)

	Oxidative phosphorylation
	Metabolic pathways
	Cardiac muscle contraction
	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
	Alzheimer's disease

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 biological process terms:    About this table

Drugs & Compounds
for MT-CYB gene

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
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Transcripts
for MT-CYB gene

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and/or Addgene, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, Flow cytometry from eBioscience )
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Expression
for MT-CYB gene

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
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MT-CYB expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS <intensity>^2/3
CGAP TAG: --

About this image

Primer Products:		Browse OriGene qPCR
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In Situ Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for MT-CYB

Orthologs
for MT-CYB gene

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
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Paralogs
for MT-CYB gene

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68,Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
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Paralogs for MT-CYB gene

6 SIMAP similar genes for MT-CYB using alignment to 1 protein entry:     CYB_HUMAN:

CYB    CytB    Cytb    cytb    CYTB    cytB

Find genes that share paralogs with MT-CYB           About GenesLikeMe


Selected Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for MT-CYB (see all 59)
PGOHUM00000242402 PGOHUM00000242479 PGOHUM00000242516 PGOHUM00000242810 PGOHUM00000242820

Genomic Variants
for MT-CYB gene

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
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Selected SNPs for MT-CYB (see all 39)    About this table

Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr MT pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd	--	--	--	-1st2nd3rd	--	--	-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd
VAR_0136564		Cardiomyopathy, infantile histiocytoid (CMIH)4	--	see VAR_013656	2	G D	mis4		0	--	--	--	--
VAR_0083884		Colorectal cancer4	--	see VAR_008388	2	R H	mis4		0	--	--	--	--
VAR_0083894		Colorectal cancer4	--	see VAR_008389	2	F L	mis4		0	--	--	--	--
VAR_0021974		Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)4	--	see VAR_002197	2	D N	mis4		0	--	--	--	--
VAR_0021994		Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)4	--	see VAR_002199	2	V M	mis4		0	--	--	--	--
VAR_0155724		--	--	see VAR_015572	2	I V	mis4		0	--	--	--	--
rs30883091,2,4		--	--	see VAR_013655	2		mis4		0	--	--	--	--
VAR_0155714		--	--	see VAR_015571	2	A T	mis4		0	--	--	--	--
VAR_0136654		--	--	see VAR_013665	2	I V	mis4		0	--	--	--	--
VAR_0136664		--	--	see VAR_013666	2	V M	mis4		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for MT-CYB (14747 - 15887 bp)

Structural Variations
      Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for MT-CYB: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): MT-CYB

Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays

Search QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing MT-CYB

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for MT-CYB

Disorders / Diseases
for MT-CYB gene

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB, Sets of similar genes according to GenesLikeMe)
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Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) [MIM:535000]: A maternally inherited disease resulting in acute

or subacute loss of central vision, due to optic nerve dysfunction. Cardiac conduction defects and neurological

defects have also been described in some patients. LHON results from primary mitochondrial DNA mutations

affecting the respiratory chain complexes. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting distinct genetic

loci, including the gene represented in this entry

Selected diseases for MT-CYB (see all 29):    
About MalaCards

Selected Novoseek inferred disease relationships for MT-CYB gene (see all 19)    About this table

Publications
for MT-CYB gene

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for MT-CYB gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 383): (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with MT-CYB)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic world of online information

1. The mtDNA 15497 G/A polymorphism in cytochrome b in severe obese subjects from Southern Italy. (PubMed id 17015183)^{1, 4, 9} Liguori R....Sacchetti L. (Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2006)
2. Golden mean to longevity: rareness of mitochondrial cytochrome b variants in centenarians but not in patients with Parkinson's disease. (PubMed id 12391595)^{1, 4, 9} Tanaka M....Yagi K. (J. Neurosci. Res. 2002)
3. Reanalysis and revision of the Cambridge reference sequence for human mitochondrial DNA. (PubMed id 10508508)^{1, 2} Andrews R.M.... Howell N. (Nat. Genet. 1999)
4. Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. (PubMed id 7219534)^{1, 2} Anderson S.... Young I.G. (Nature 1981)
5. Pneumocystis carinii cytochrome b mutations are associated with atovaquone exposure in patients with AIDS. (PubMed id 11181161)^{7, 9} Kazanjian P....Meshnick S.R. (J. Infect. Dis. 2001)
6. Characterization of cytochrome b from Toxoplasma gondii and Q(o) domain mutations as a mechanism of atovaquone-resistance. (PubMed id 10802314)^{7, 9} McFadden D.C....Boothroyd J.C. (Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 2000)
7. A novel gly290asp mitochondrial cytochrome b mutation linked to a complex III deficiency in progressive exercise intolerance. (PubMed id 8910895)^{2, 9} Dumoulin R.... Mousson B. (Mol. Cell. Probes 1996)
8. Forced cytochrome B gene mutation expression induces mitochondrial proliferation and prevents apoptosis in human uroepithelial SV-HUC-1 cells. (PubMed id 19569044)^{1, 9} Dasgupta S....Sidransky D. (Int. J. Cancer 2009)
9. Interaction of mitochondrial thioredoxin with glucocorticoid receptor and NF-kappaB modulates glucocorticoid receptor and NF-kappaB signalling in HEK-293 cells. (PubMed id 19570036)^{1, 9} Psarra A.M....Spyrou G. (Biochem. J. 2009)
10. The deleterious G15498A mutation in mitochondrial DNA-encoded cytochrome b may remain clinically silent in homoplasmic carriers. (PubMed id 14735157)^{1, 9} Haut S....Slama A. (Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 2004)

External Searches for MT-CYB gene

Genome Databases showing MT-CYB gene

Other Databases showing MT-CYB gene

Specialized Databases showing MT-CYB gene

Products
for MT-CYB gene

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., Thermo Fisher Scientific, eBioscience, antibodies-online, GeneTex, and/or others, Gene Editing from DNA2.0. Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Addgene, Cell lines from GenScript, and ESI BIO, Flow cytometery from eBioscience, PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or ApexBio, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Animal models from genOway)
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