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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

MRS2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 49
GCID: GC06P024403

MRS2 magnesium homeostasis factor homolog (S. cerevisiae)

(Previous names: MRS2-like, magnesium homeostasis factor (S. cerevisiae)...)
(Previous symbol: MRS2L)
 Explore 4 diseases affiliated with
MRS2 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for MRS2
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
MRS2 Magnesium Homeostasis Factor Homolog (S. Cerevisiae)1 2     MRS2-Like, Magnesium Homeostasis Factor (S. Cerevisiae)1
MRS2L1 2 3     Magnesium Transporter MRS2 Homolog, Mitochondrial2
HPT2 3     MRS2-Like, Magnesium Homeostasis Factor2
MRS2-Like Protein2 3     

External Ids:    HGNC: 137851   Entrez Gene: 573802   Ensembl: ENSG000001245327   UniProtKB: Q9HD233   

Export aliases for MRS2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC06P024512 GC06P024352


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MRS2_HUMAN, Q9HD23
Function: Magnesium transporter that may mediate the influx of magnesium into the mitochondrial matrix

Gene Wiki entry for MRS2 (MRS2L)


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000006.11  NC_018917.1  NT_007592.15  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the MRS2 gene promoter:
         Sox5   AML1a   HNF-1A   Evi-1   C/EBPalpha   FOXJ2 (long isoform)   HNF-1   FOXJ2   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidMRS2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for MRS2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat MRS2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6p22.3-p22.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  6p22.3   HGNC cytogenetic band: 6p22.3-p22.1

MRS2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
MRS2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 6         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06P024403:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
24,403,153 bp from pter      End:
24,425,816 bp from pter
Size:
22,664 bases      Orientation:
plus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MRS2_HUMAN, Q9HD23 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Magnesium transporter MRS2 homolog, mitochondrial precursor  
Size: 443 amino acids; 50318 Da
Subcellular location: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein (By similarity)
Miscellaneous: Has the ability to complement a deletion of MRS2 in S.cerevisiae and partly restore mitochondrial
magnesium concentrations
Sequence caution: Sequence=CAI17109.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
Secondary accessions: A8K4U3 B3KNN2 Q5T3Y1 Q6NTG4 Q96KF8 Q9BVP1
Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms:  Q9HD23-1   Q9HD23-2   Q9HD23-3   (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for MRS2: NX_Q9HD23

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q9HD23

  • MRS2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    MRS2 Protein Expression
    REFSEQ proteins: NP_065713.1  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000367637   ENSP00000367604   ENSP00000387441   ENSP00000441839   ENSP00000399585  
     ENSP00000274747   ENSP00000438118  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products for MRS2: 
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    Uscn Proteins for MRS2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005739mitochondrion ----
    GO:0005743mitochondrial inner membrane IEA--
    GO:0016021integral to membrane IEA--

    MRS2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    MRS2 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    1 InterPro domain/family:
     IPR026573 MRS2/LPE10

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9HD23

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9HD23

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB002110 Ankyrin repeat signature

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MRS2_HUMAN, Q9HD23
    Similarity: Belongs to the CorA metal ion transporter (MIT) (TC 1.A.35) family


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, Sirion Biotech, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Molecular Function:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: MRS2_HUMAN, Q9HD23
    Function: Magnesium transporter that may mediate the influx of magnesium into the mitochondrial matrix

         Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0015095magnesium ion transmembrane transporter activity IEA--
         
    MRS2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Animal Models:
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Customizable classic, inducible, and humanized mouse model solutions for MRS2 

    miRNA
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    hsa-miR-3938 hsa-let-7d hsa-miR-520d-5p hsa-miR-202 hsa-miR-134 hsa-let-7c hsa-let-7g hsa-let-7a
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidMRS2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for MRS2


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section



    Interactions:

        Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for MRS2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 2 interactants - click image to see more details)

    2 Interacting proteins for MRS2 (ENSP000003676374) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    UBCENSP000003448184STRING: ENSP00000344818
    MTIF2ENSP000002636294STRING: ENSP00000263629
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 1 biological process term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006811ion transport ----

    MRS2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    MRS2 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for MRS2

    1 HMDB Compound for MRS2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    MagnesiumMagnesium (see all 2)7439-95-4--
    1 Novoseek chemical compound relationship for MRS2 gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    hygromycin 77.4 2 8676880 (1), 8877115 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about MRS2 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for MRS2 gene: 
    NM_020662.2  

    Unigene Cluster for MRS2:

    MRS2 magnesium homeostasis factor homolog (S. cerevisiae)
    Hs.744054  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_020662
    9 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000378386(uc003neb.3 uc011djl.2 uc011djm.2) ENST00000378353(uc003nea.3)
    ENST00000483634 ENST00000465103 ENST00000446191 ENST00000535061 ENST00000443868
    ENST00000274747(uc011djn.2) ENST00000543597

    miRNA
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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat MRS2
    8/25 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate MRS2 (see all 25):
    hsa-miR-3938 hsa-let-7d hsa-miR-520d-5p hsa-miR-202 hsa-miR-134 hsa-let-7c hsa-let-7g hsa-let-7a
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidMRS2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    Clone
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AF052167.1 AF288288.1 AF293076.1 AK054587.1 AK291058.1 AK297418.1 AK298849.1 AK299825.1 
    BC001028.2 BC018833.2 BC069009.1 

    11 DOTS entries:

    DT.95103805  DT.115600  DT.100764949  DT.97843846  DT.429174  DT.100791430  DT.95103804  DT.100716540 
    DT.100791420  DT.121374255  DT.95137956 

    24/236 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 236):

    AW025708 AI283116 AL699441 BM707258 AI015707 AI917482 BC018833 BE855930 
    H95351 CF995821 BQ646237 AW194306 AA889912 BM311121 BX459275 AF293076 
    AI004717 BC069009 BI758970 CB144118 AA280002 BP338269 AI189944 AA887953 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/7 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for MRS2 (see all 7)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6a · 6b ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9a · 9b ^ 10 ^ 11a · 11b · 11c ^ 12a · 12b · 12c · 12d · 12e ^ 13
    SP1:                                            -                                         -           -                       -     -         
    SP2:                                            -                                         -           -                                       
    SP3:                                                                                                                                          
    SP4:                          -     -     -     -     -     -                                         -     -                                 
    SP5:                                                                          -           -           -                                       


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for MRS2

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    MRS2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TCAATAAAAG
    MRS2 Expression
    About this image
    See MRS2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for MRS2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.744054
        SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for MRS2

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    In Situ
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    Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for MRS2

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

    Orthologs for MRS2 gene from 7/21 species (see all 21)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)
    Mammalia Mrs21 , 5 MRS2 magnesium homeostasis factor homolog (S. cerevisiae)1, 5 81.87(n)1
    84.56(a)1
      13 (10.83 cM)5
    3808361  NM_001013389.11  NP_001013407.11 
     249924835 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves MRS21 MRS2 magnesium homeostasis factor homolog (S. cerevisiae) 74.77(n)
    76.69(a)
      420820  XM_418911.3  XP_418911.2 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia MRS26
    --
    73(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    4(54091689-54107080)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii Dr.228502 Transcribed sequence with moderate similarity to protein more 77.48(n)    AI658195.1 
    baker's yeast
    (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
    Saccharomycetes MFM1(YPL060W)4
    MRS21
    Mitochondrial inner membrane magnesium transporter, more4
    Mrs2p1
    43.26(n)1
    26.6(a)1
      16(434523-435764)4
    8545111  NP_014979.11  8560454 
     NP_015265.14 
    thale cress
    (Arabidopsis thaliana)
    eudicotyledons MGT101 magnesium transporter MRS2-11 41.67(n)
    27.78(a)
      832346  NM_122188.3  NP_568424.1 
    rice
    (Oryza sativa)
    Liliopsida Os03g06844001 hypothetical protein 42.45(n)
    29.39(a)
      4333741  NM_001057454.1  NP_001050919.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for MRS2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for MRS2 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for MRS2 gene

    MRS2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing


    2 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for MRS2
    PGOHUM00000239516 PGOHUM00000249795


    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/573 NCBI SNPs in MRS2 are shown (see all 573    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 6 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs12773431,2
    C,A--24401238(+) TTTCTT/CTTCCC 1 -- us2k1 trp36Minor allele frequency- C:0.35NA WA EA 364
    rs1844624891,2
    --24401291(+) CTTTGC/TGCACT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1417003841,2
    --24401308(+) CTACTC/TCATCC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1504680581,2
    --24401330(+) ACCCTG/TCAGAA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1382069541,2
    --24401332(+) CCTGCA/GGAATA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1495968501,2
    --24401422(+) TTGTAC/TTACTA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1889048851,2
    --24401611(+) TGGTAC/GCTTAA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1820391541,2
    --24401624(+) TTGATA/GCTATC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs132156651,2
    C--24401647(+) aaataC/TggAAT 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- T:0.50NA 2
    rs93935531,2
    C,F,A,H--24401654(+) GAATAG/TAAATC 1 -- us2k121Minor allele frequency- T:0.32NS EA NA WA CSA 2520

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for MRS2 (24403153 - 24425816 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for MRS2: --

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing MRS2
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for MRS2

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    MRS2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    4 diseases for MRS2:    About MalaCards
    tick-borne relapsing fever    cerebrovascular accident    relapsing fever    gastric cancer

    1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for MRS2:
    tick-borne relapsing fever
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: MRS2 (1 document)

    Export disorders for MRS2 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
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    PubMed articles for MRS2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 21):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with MRS2)
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    1. The human mitochondrial Mrs2 protein functionally substitutes for its yeast homologue, a candidate magnesium transporter. (PubMed id 11401429)1, 2, 9 Zsurka G.... Schweyen R.J. (2001)
    2. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    3. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
    4. The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. (PubMed id 14574404)1, 2 Mungall A.J.... Beck S. (2003)
    5. Global landscape of HIV-human protein complexes. (PubMed id 22190034)1 Jager S....Krogan N.J. (2012)
    6. Systematic and quantitative assessment of the ubiquiti n-modified proteome. (PubMed id 21906983)1 Kim W....Gygi S.P. (2011)
    7. Genetic variants in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gen es influence AIDS progression. (PubMed id 20877624)1 Hendrickson S.L....O'Brien S.J. (2010)
    8. Human mitochondrial Mrs2 protein promotes multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells by regulating p27, cyclin D1 expression and cytochrome C release. (PubMed id 19242098)1 Chen Y....Fan D. (2009)
    9. Conditional knockdown of hMRS2 results in loss of mit ochondrial Mg(2+) uptake and cell death. (PubMed id 18384665)1 Piskacek M....Schweyen R.J. (2009)
    10. Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. (PubMed id 19608861)2 Choudhary C.... Mann M. (2009)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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    Entrez Gene: 57380 HGNC: 13785 AceView: MRS2L Ensembl:ENSG00000124532 euGenes: HUgn57380
    ECgene: MRS2 H-InvDB: MRS2

    (According to HUGE)
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      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for MRS2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
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    Patent Information for MRS2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving MRS2

    GeneCards and IP:
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