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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

MRPL28 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 51
GCID: GC16M000357

mitochondrial ribosomal protein L28

(Previous name: melanoma-associated antigen recognised by cytotoxic T lymphocytes...)
(Previous symbol: MAAT1)
 Explore 34 diseases affiliated with
MRPL28 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for MRPL28
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein L281 2     Melanoma-Associated Antigen Recognized By T-Lymphocytes2 3
MAAT11 2 3 5     L28mt2 3
Melanoma-Associated Antigen Recognised By Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes1 2     MRP-L282 3
P151     39S Ribosomal Protein L28, Mitochondrial2
Melanoma Antigen P152 3     Melanoma-Associated Antigen Recognized By T Lymphocytes2

External Ids:    HGNC: 144841   Entrez Gene: 105732   Ensembl: ENSG000000865047   OMIM: 6048535   UniProtKB: Q130843   

Export aliases for MRPL28 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC00U990874 GC16M000438


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for MRPL28:
Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the
mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They
have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed.
Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA.
Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in
biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein,
a part of which was originally isolated by its ability to recognize tyrosinase in an HLA-A24-restricted fashion.
(provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

Gene Wiki entry for MRPL28


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000016.9  NC_018927.1  NT_010393.16  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the MRPL28 gene promoter:
         c-Fos   AP-1   COUP   c-Jun   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidMRPL28 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for MRPL28

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat MRPL28


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 16p13.3   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  16p13.3   HGNC cytogenetic band: 16p13.12

MRPL28 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
MRPL28 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 16         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC16M000357:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
416,927 bp from pter      End:
420,568 bp from pter
Size:
3,642 bases      Orientation:
minus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RM28_HUMAN, Q13084 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: 39S ribosomal protein L28, mitochondrial precursor  
Size: 256 amino acids; 30157 Da
Subunit: Interacts with OXA1L (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Mitochondrion
Miscellaneous: Potentially represents an important therapeutic reagent for HLA-A24 patients. This antigen is recognized
by tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) 1290 in the context of HLA-A24
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAC50181.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Sequence=AAK61226.1; Type=Erroneous gene model
prediction;
Secondary accessions: B2RCM4 D3DU46 Q4TT39 Q96S26 Q9BQD8 Q9BR04

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for MRPL28: NX_Q13084

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q13084

  • MRPL28 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_006419.2  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000380843   ENSP00000199706   ENSP00000414038   ENSP00000380842   ENSP00000374326  
     ENSP00000398684   ENSP00000390399   ENSP00000395305  

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    Novus Biologicals MRPL28 Lysates
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    Uscn Proteins for MRPL28

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IDA--
    GO:0005739mitochondrion IDA--
    GO:0005761mitochondrial ribosome NAS11543634
    GO:0005840ribosome ----


    MRPL28 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    MRPL28 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    1 InterPro domain/family:
     IPR026569 Ribo_L28/L24

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q13084

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q13084

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RM28_HUMAN, Q13084
    Similarity: Belongs to the ribosomal protein L28P family


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    miRNA
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0003735structural constituent of ribosome NAS11543634
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI--


    MRPL28 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section



    Interactions:

        Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for MRPL28

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 9)

    5/243 Interacting proteins for MRPL28 (Q130842, 3 ENSP000001997064) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 243)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    ICT1Q141972, 3, ENSP000003015854MINT-8079030 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000301585
    ENSG00000258947Q135093I2D: score=1 
    TUBB3Q135093I2D: score=1 
    TUBB4AP043503, ENSP000002640714I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000264071
    OXA1LQ150703, ENSP000002858484I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000285848
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 1 biological process term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006412translation NAS11543634


    MRPL28 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    MRPL28 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for MRPL28
    4 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for MRPL28 gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    chromium 14.8 1 12957571 (1)
    rantes 9.29 1 10917892 (1)
    tyrosine 0 1 19411300 (1)
    pge2 0 2 15618466 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about MRPL28 / RM28 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for MRPL28 gene: 
    NM_006428.4  

    Unigene Cluster for MRPL28:

    Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L28
    Hs.513230  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: BM912866
    12 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000397735(uc002cgs.2) ENST00000481453 ENST00000483764 ENST00000199706
    ENST00000429738 ENST00000461550 ENST00000397734 ENST00000469744 ENST00000389675
    ENST00000441883 ENST00000447696 ENST00000450882

    miRNA
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK226042.1 AK315180.1 BC000507.2 BC000990.3 BC013829.1 BT009857.1 BX647501.1 CR541751.1 
    U19796.1 

    11 DOTS entries:

    DT.414482  DT.100819881  DT.91756489  DT.100819876  DT.40308781  DT.120692984  DT.97855303  DT.100819879 
    DT.120692878  DT.120692929  DT.95328794 

    24/410 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 410):

    BE613956 BM423535 AW731625 BG395438 NM_006428 BM976180 CR620393 CB305998 
    BF981794 BC013829 BI094080 BF343997 BV179020 BG576081 BE313551 BU957183 
    BQ676333 CR598621 BM915524 CR614871 BU194662 CR624908 BQ687729 BM015748 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    MRPL28 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: CACCTTCCAG

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image

    MRPL28 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell 
    NameCategory
    Definitive endoderm-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See MRPL28 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for MRPL28

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.513230

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RM28_HUMAN, Q13084
    Tissue specificity: Found in a variety of normal tissues including spleen, testes, thymus, liver, kidney, brain,
    adrenal, lung and retinal tissue

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    In Situ
    Assay Products:
     

     
    Search Advanced Cell Diagnostics for RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for MRPL28

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for MRPL28 gene from 7/20 species (see all 20)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)
    Mammalia Mrpl281 , 5 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L281, 5 83.53(n)1
    85.38(a)1
      17 (13.07 cM)5
    686111  NM_024227.31  NP_077189.21 
     261235205 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves MRPL286
    hypothetical protein LOC426121
    63(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    14(12762060-12766790)
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia MRPL286
    --
    64(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    GL344563.1(6021-9421)
    tropical clawed frog
    (Xenopus tropicalis)
    Amphibia Str.154802 Transcribed sequence with moderate similarity to protein more 72.61(n)    141998683 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii wufa96b112 Transcribed sequence with weak similarity to protein more 72.16(n)    CK397037.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)
    Insecta mRpL281 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L28 50.14(n)
    35.71(a)
      33715  NM_135043.3  NP_608887.1 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)
    Secernentea mrpl-281 Protein MRPL-28 46.52(n)
    42.55(a)
      173400  NM_061271.3  NP_493672.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for MRPL28 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for MRPL28 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
      --

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/190 NCBI SNPs in MRPL28 are shown (see all 190    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 16 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs1822746931,2
    --416888(+) CTACAA/CCAGAC 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1878477061,2
    --416962(+) CAACAC/TTTTGG 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1460227831,2
    --417035(+) AAACCC/TCTTCT 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1169817541,2
    F,--417072(+) GATAGC/TGGGGT 1 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- T:0.02EA 120
    rs1929834771,2
    --417073(+) ATAGCA/GGGGTG 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1138491771,2
    --417099(+) ACTCAG/AGAGGC 1 -- ds50011Minor allele frequency- A:0.50CSA 2
    rs734903051,2
    C,--417115(+) CAGGAC/GAATCA 1 -- ds50014Minor allele frequency- G:0.07WA CSA NA 124
    rs1488939321,2
    --417140(+) GTGGAA/GGTTGT 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1833433581,2
    --417159(+) CAGATA/CGTGCC 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs3949911,2
    C,A,H,--417183(+) CTGGGC/TGACTG 1 -- ds500110Minor allele frequency- T:0.00NA WA CSA 19

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for MRPL28 (416927 - 420568 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 6 variations for MRPL28
         6 CNVs: 49710 49711 3987 49712 4912 5329

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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    MRPL28 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 604853    OMIM disorders: --

    20/34 diseases for MRPL28 (see all 34):    About MalaCards
    melanoma    placental abruption    non-hodgkin lymphoma    hodgkin's lymphoma
    hepatitis b    inflammatory bowel disease    acute lymphoblastic leukemia    hepatitis c
    lymphoblastic leukemia    acute myeloid leukemia    myeloid leukemia    bronchitis
    rheumatoid arthritis    hepatitis    influenza    leukemia
    vaccinia    esophageal carcinoma    hepatocellular carcinoma    esophagitis

    10/16 Novoseek disease relationships for MRPL28 gene (see all 16)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    melanoma 48.5 16 11565838 (1), 7541714 (1), 15386406 (1), 15289358 (1) (see all 13)
    tumors 45.5 21 1958033 (1), 14704996 (1), 19561536 (1), 11983105 (1) (see all 19)
    cancer 35 12 19738905 (1), 14722670 (1), 20490265 (1), 9286413 (1) (see all 12)
    autoimmune diseases 29.6 3 15592805 (1), 16373368 (1), 20138855 (1)
    immunodeficiency 27.1 1 12437858 (1)
    virus infection 24.5 6 14704996 (1), 18627014 (1), 10466628 (1), 9012587 (1) (see all 6)
    leukemia 20.5 1 11874628 (1)
    autoimmunity 12.1 1 16373368 (1)
    influenza 11.8 2 10421792 (1), 10335482 (1)
    hepatitis b chronic 2.44 1 17064461 (1)

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: MRPL28 (1 document)

    Export disorders for MRPL28 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for MRPL28 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 158):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with MRPL28)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. The large subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Analysis of the complement of ribosomal proteins present. (PubMed id 11551941)1, 2, 3 Koc E.C....Spremulli L.L. (2001)
    2. Oxygen consumption can regulate the growth of tumors, a new perspective on the Warburg effect. (PubMed id 19753307)1, 3, 9 Chen Y....Denko N.C. (2009)
    3. Cloning of a new gene encoding an antigen recognized by melanoma- specific HLA-A24-restricted tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. (PubMed id 7751637)1, 2, 9 Robbins P.F.... Rosenberg S.A. (1995)
    4. The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16. (PubMed id 15616553)1, 2 Martin J.... Pennacchio L.A. (2004)
    5. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
    6. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    7. Sequence, structure and pathology of the fully annotated terminal 2 Mb of the short arm of human chromosome 16. (PubMed id 11157797)1, 2 Daniels R.J....Higgs D.R. (2001)
    8. A census of human soluble protein complexes. (PubMed id 22939629)1 Havugimana P.C....Emili A. (2012)
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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 10573 HGNC: 14484 AceView: MRPL28 Ensembl:ENSG00000086504 euGenes: HUgn10573
    ECgene: MRPL28 H-InvDB: MRPL28

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for MRPL28 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for MRPL28 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for MRPL28 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving MRPL28

    GeneCards and IP:
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