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MIR221 Gene

RNA gene GIFtS: 25
GCID: GC0XM045605

MicroRNA 221

(Previous symbol: MIRN221)

See related diseases
at

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(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
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Subcategory (RNA class): miRNA

Quality score for this RNA gene is 3

Aliases
MicroRNA 221¹ ²
MIRN221¹ ² ⁵
mir-221² ⁹
miRNA221²

External Ids:	HGNC: 31601¹	Entrez Gene: 407006²	Ensembl: ENSG00000207870⁷	OMIM: 300568⁵

ORGUL members:
	miRBase: MI0000298

Export aliases for MIR221 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifer: GC0XM045492

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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Entrez Gene summary for MIR221 Gene:

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of

gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are

transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can

be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme

to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the

cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The

mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through

imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of

the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop. (provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009)

GeneCards Summary for MIR221 Gene:

MIR221 (microRNA 221) is an RNA gene, and is affiliated with the miRNA class. Diseases associated with MIR221 include benign metastasizing leiomyoma, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
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Regulatory elements:

Search for regulatory transcription factor binding sites for MIR221
Other transcription factors

Browse SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids

Search Chromatin IP Primers for MIR221

Epigenetics:

DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat MIR221

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: Xp11.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: Xp11.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: Xp11.3

MIR221 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
MIR221 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome X GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC0XM045605: view genomic region (via miRBase) (about GC identifiers)

Start:	45,605,585 bp from pter	End:	45,605,694 bp from pter
Size:	110 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, ²neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
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UniProtKB: --

(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
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HGNC Gene Families:

MIR: ncRNAs / Micro RNAs

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway,
transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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Animal Models:

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(According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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(SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene).
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SuperPaths for MIR221 About

See pathways by source

SuperPath

Contained pathways About

miRs in Muscle Cell Differentiation

miRs in Muscle Cell Differentiation

miRNAs involved in DDR

miRNAs involved in DDR

MicroRNAs in cancer

MicroRNAs in cancer

Pathways by source See SuperPaths
Show all pathways

2 BioSystems Pathways for MIR221

	miRNAs involved in DDR
	miRs in Muscle Cell Differentiation

1 Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for MIR221):

MicroRNAs in cancer

MIR221 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Custom Pathway & Disease-focused RT² Profiler PCR Arrays for MIR221
Interactions:

Search GeneGlobe Interaction Network for MIR221

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB)
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Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse compounds at ApexBio

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(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN )
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1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000385135(miRNA)

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GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
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Expression evidence for MIR221:none

See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
CGAP TAG: --

MIR221 Protein expression data from MOPED¹, PaxDb² and MaxQB³:

Custom PCR Arrays for MIR221

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In Situ
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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
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This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for MIR221 gene from Selected species (see all 9) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	gga-mir-221⁶	gga-mir-221	91(a)	1 ↔ 1	1(109977681-109977779) ENSGALG00000018247
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	aca-mir-221⁶	aca-mir-221	89(a)	1 ↔ 1	3(135996372-135996468)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	dre-mir-221⁶	dre-mir-221	78(a)	1 ↔ 1	9(34892129-34892221)

Species with no ortholog for MIR221

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for MIR221 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for MIR221 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
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SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr X pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs7050391^1,2	C	--	45605273(+)	`GGGTGC/TTATGC`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs181300453^1,2		--	45605440(+)	`TCGTAC/TTGAAA`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs185905117^1,2		--	45605523(+)	`GTTTAC/TACCTC`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs191213444^1,2	C	--	45605777(+)	`TTCTAA/CCACAA`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs182584022^1,2		--	45605837(+)	`AAAATG/TTCCTT`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs57042952^1,2	C	--	45606303(+)	`TCTCT-/CTC/CTC TCTCTCTCTTTGTG`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs72631825^1,2	F	--	45606471(-)	`CTTTCG/ATAATC`	1	--	us2k¹		1		MN	162
rs187612279^1,2	C	--	45606472(+)	`ATTACA/GAAAGA`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs191727254^1,2	C	--	45606504(+)	`AGCCAA/TTGAGG`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs113054794^1,2	--	--	45605666(+)	`TATGCC/AAGGTT`	1	--	nc-transcript-variant		1		CSA	2

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for MIR221 (45605585 - 45605694 bp)

Structural Variations
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for MIR221: --

Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays

Search QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing MIR221

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for MIR221

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
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OMIM gene information: 300568 OMIM disorders: --

Selected diseases for MIR221 (see all 44):
About MalaCards

benign metastasizing leiomyoma pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma noma hairy cell leukemia

papillary thyroid carcinoma atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor acute lymphocytic leukemia rhabdoid tumor

gastrointestinal stromal tumor leiomyoma lupus nephritis papillary carcinoma

nephritis myelodysplastic syndromes t-cell leukemia glioblastoma multiforme

ankylosing spondylitis spondylitis cervical cancer cervicitis

MIR221 for disorders About GeneDecksing

Genetic Association Database (GAD): MIR221
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: MIR221 (2 documents)

Export disorders for MIR221 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for MIR221 gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 116):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with MIR221)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Novel genetic variants in miR-191 gene and familial ovarian cancer. (PubMed id 20167074)^{1, 4} Shen J....Zhao H. (BMC Cancer 2010)
A high-throughput candidate gene mutation screen in lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative neoplasias. (PubMed id 19464057)^{1, 4} Kreil S....Chase A. (Leuk. Res. 2009)
MicroRNA-221 regulates high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction. (PubMed id 19351599)^{1, 9} Li Y....Geng Y.J. (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2009)
MicroRNA-221 promotes colorectal cancer cell invasion and metastasis by targeting RECK. (PubMed id 24269686)¹ Qin J. and Luo M. (FEBS Lett. 2014)
Prognostic significance of serum microRNA-221 expression in human epithelial ovarian cancer. (PubMed id 23569131)¹ Hong F....Zhu L. (J. Int. Med. Res. 2013)
miRNA expression profiles of oral squamous cell carcinomas. (PubMed id 23564792)¹ Gombos K....Olasz L. (Anticancer Res. 2013)
Overexpression of primary microRNA 221/222 in acute myeloid leukemia. (PubMed id 23895238)¹ Rommer A....Wieser R. (BMC Cancer 2013)
Increased expression of microRNA-221 inhibits PAK1 in endothelial progenitor cells and impairs its function via c-Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. (PubMed id 23333386)¹ Zhang X....Lv Z. (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2013)
Aberrant expression of microRNAs in T cells from patients with ankylosing spondylitis contributes to the immunopathogenesis. (PubMed id 23607629)¹ Lai N.S....Lu M.C. (Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2013)
MiR-221/-222 differentiate prognostic groups in advanced breast cancers and influence cell invasion. (PubMed id 24129242)¹ Falkenberg N....Aubele M. (Br. J. Cancer 2013)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 407006	HGNC: 31601	Ensembl:ENSG00000207870	miRBase: hsa-mir-221	euGenes: HUgn407006
ECgene: MIR221	Kegg: 407006	H-InvDB: MIR221

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or others, e.g. Wikipedia and GeneReviews, via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for MIR221	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

Intellectual Property for MIR221 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for MIR221 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving MIR221

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Gene Editing from DNA2.0. Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript, and ESI BIO, PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or ApexBio, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Animal models from inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway)
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