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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

MIF Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 69
GCID: GC22P024236

macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting...

(Previous symbol: GLIF)

Explore 177 diseases affiliated with
MIF via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (Glycosylation-Inhibiting Factor)¹ ²		L-Dopachrome Tautomerase² ³
GIF¹ ² ³		Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor²
GLIF¹ ² ³		EC 5.3.2.1³
Phenylpyruvate Tautomerase² ³		EC 5.3.3.12³
MMIF² ³		Glycosylation-Inhibiting Factor³
L-Dopachrome Isomerase² ³

External Ids:	HGNC: 7097¹	Entrez Gene: 4282²	Ensembl: ENSG00000240972⁷	OMIM: 153620⁵	UniProtKB: P14174³

Export aliases for MIF gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC22P020896 GC22P022560 GC22P022561 GC22P022369 GC22P007221

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for MIF:

This gene encodes a lymphokine involved in cell-mediated immunity, immunoregulation, and inflammation. It plays a role

in the regulation of macrophage function in host defense through the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of

glucocorticoids. This lymphokine and the JAB1 protein form a complex in the cytosol near the peripheral plasma

membrane, which may indicate an additional role in integrin signaling pathways. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MIF_HUMAN, P14174

Function: Pro-inflammatory cytokine. Involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens. The expression of

MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense.

Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids. Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome

tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known. It is not clear whether the tautomerase

activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity

Gene Wiki entry for MIF (Macrophage migration inhibitory factor)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000022.10 NC_018933.1 NT_011520.12

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the MIF gene promoter:
CREB Sp1 p53 deltaCREB FOXJ2
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: MIF promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for MIF

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat MIF

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 22q11.23 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 22q11.23 HGNC cytogenetic band: 22q11.23

MIF Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
MIF gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 22 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC22P024236: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	24,236,191 bp from pter	End:	24,237,414 bp from pter
Size:	1,224 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MIF_HUMAN, P14174 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor

Size: 115 amino acids; 12476 Da

Subunit: Homotrimer. Interacts with CXCR2 extracellular domain (By similarity). Interacts with the CD74 extracellular

domain, COPS5 and BNIPL

Subcellular location: Secreted. Cytoplasm. Note=Does not have a cleavable signal sequence and is secreted via a

specialized, non-classical pathway. Secreted by macrophages upon stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or

by M.tuberculosis antigens

Miscellaneous: Serum levels of MIF are elevated in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. High levels of MIF are

correlated with low survival. Drugs that inhibit tautomerase activity protect against death due to sepsis

6/34 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for MIF (see all 34):

1CA7 (3D)

1CGQ (3D)

1GCZ (3D)

1GD0 (3D)

1GIF (3D)

1LJT (3D)

Secondary accessions: A5Z1R8 B2R4S3 Q2V4Y5 Q6FHV0

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for MIF: NX_P14174

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P14174

MIF Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_002406.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000215754

Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Novus Biologicals MIF Proteins Novus Biologicals MIF Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for MIF
	Uscn Proteins for MIF

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IDA	12782713
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	--
GO:0009986	cell surface	IDA	12782713

MIF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

MIF Antibody Products:

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	ThermoFisher Antibody for MIF

Assay Products for MIF:

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	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
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	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for MIF

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

MIF for domains About GeneDecksing

3 InterPro domains/families:

IPR014347 Tautomerase/MIF_sf

IPR001398 Macrophage_inhib_fac

IPR019829 Macrophage_inhib_fac_CS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P14174

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P14174

1 Blocks protein family: IPB001398 Macrophage migration inhibitory factor

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MIF_HUMAN, P14174

Similarity: Belongs to the MIF family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MIF_HUMAN, P14174

Function: Pro-inflammatory cytokine. Involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens. The expression of

MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense.

Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids. Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome

tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known. It is not clear whether the tautomerase

activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity

Catalytic activity: Keto-phenylpyruvate = enol-phenylpyruvate

Catalytic activity: L-dopachrome = 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate

Biophysicochemical properties: Kinetic parameters: KM=249 uM for phenylpyruvate; KM=168 uM for p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate;

Vmax=2113 umol/min/mg enzyme toward phenylpyruvate; Vmax=524 umol/min/mg enzyme toward p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate;

Induction: Up-regulated in concanavalin-A-treated lymphocytes. Up-regulated in macrophages upon exposure to

M.tuberculosis antigens

Genatlas biochemistry entry for MIF:

macrophage migration inhibitory factor,12.3kDa,expressed in T cells and various tissues,including immunologically

privileged lens and brain,also involved in mitogenic response and the control of cell cycle progression,maybe the same

as DDT

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 5.3.3.12¹ EC 5.3.2.1¹

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target MIF: hsa-mir-451 (MIRT000046)

		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: MIF Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
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		1 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNA that regulate MIF:
		hsa-miR-629*
		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for MIF (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: MIF OriGene siRNA: MIF
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Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for MIF

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: MIF (NM_002415)
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Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for MIF
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In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for MIF

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/8 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 8): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004167	dopachrome isomerase activity	IDA	17526494
GO:0005102	receptor binding	IPI	12782713
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	IDA	12782713
GO:0005126	cytokine receptor binding	IPI	17045821
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	17526494

MIF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for MIF:

Proliferating cells

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-outs for MIF: Mif^tm1Mky Mif^tm1Gfr Mif^tm1Dvd
6 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 4 alleles) (MGI details for Mif):

cellular	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism	immune system	normal
tumorigenesis

MIF for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/7 super-pathways (see all 7) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Immune response_MIF-JAB1 signaling

Immune response_MIF-JAB1 signaling

1.00

Immune response MIF-JAB1 signaling

0.97

Tyrosine metabolism

Tyrosine metabolism

1.00

Phenylalanine metabolism

0.35

PEDF Induced Signaling

MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation

0.73

MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells

0.71

Toll Comparative Pathway

Immune response_MIF in innate immunity response

0.46

Immune response MIF in innate immunity response

0.46

Mucin expression in CF via IL-6, IL-17 signaling pathways

Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation

0.28

Immune response_MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation

0.28

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

3 EMD Millipore Pathways for MIF

	Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation
	Immune response MIF in innate immunity response
	Immune response MIF-JAB1 signaling

3 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for MIF

	MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells
	MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation
	MIF Action Through Endocytic Pathway

3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for MIF

	Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation
	Immune response MIF in innate immunity response
	Immune response MIF-JAB1 signaling

1 BioSystems Pathway for MIF

Adipogenesis

2 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for MIF):

	Tyrosine metabolism
	Phenylalanine metabolism

MIF for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for MIF

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/106 Interacting proteins for MIF (P14174^{1, 2, 3} ENSP00000215754⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 106)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
COPS5	Q92905²^,³, ENSP00000350512⁴	MINT-58209 MINT-58211 MINT-58210 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000350512
STRN4	Q9NRL3²^,³	MINT-65601 I2D: score=4
COPS6	Q7L5N1²^,³, ENSP00000304102⁴	MINT-58212 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000304102
CD74	P04233³, ENSP00000009530⁴	I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000009530
BNIPL	Q7Z465³, ENSP00000357927⁴	I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000357927

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/33 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 33): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001516	prostaglandin biosynthetic process	IDA	12782713
GO:0002906	negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process	IEA	--
GO:0006954	inflammatory response	IEA	--
GO:0007166	cell surface receptor signaling pathway	IDA	12782713
GO:0007569	cell aging	IEA	--

MIF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

MIF for compounds About GeneDecksing

EMD Millipore small molecules for MIF:
Small Molecule - inhibitor

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for MIF available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
BTZO 1	MIF binder	[99420-15-2]

4 HMDB Compounds for MIF About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Enol-phenylpyruvate	2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropenoate (see all 5)	5801-57-0	13416270
2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid	2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propenoate (see all 3)	--	--
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid	(p-Hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate (see all 25)	156-39-8	--
Phenylpyruvic acid	2-Oxo-3-phenylpropanoate (see all 16)	156-06-9	--

9 DrugBank Compounds for MIF About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
7-Hydroxy-2-Oxo-Chromene-3-Carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
Citric Acid	--	77-92-9	target	--	17139284 17016423
3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic Acid	--	331-39-5	target	--	10592235
3-(4-HYDROXY-PHENYL)PYRUVIC ACID	--	--	target	--	10592235
3-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-4,5-DIHYDRO-5-ISOXAZOLE-ACETIC ACID METHYL ESTER	--	--	target	--	10592235
3-FLUORO-4-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE O-(CYCLOHEXYLCARBONYL)OXIME	--	--	target	--	10592235
4-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE O-(3,3-DIMETHYLBUTANOYL)OXIME	--	--	target	--	10592235
4-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE O-(CYCLOHEXYLCARBONYL)OXIME	--	--	target	--	10592235
6-HYDROXY-1,3-BENZOTHIAZOLE-2-SULFONAMIDE	--	--	target	--	10592235

10/76 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for MIF gene (see all 76) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
d-dopachrome	94	30	10079069 (3), 8900542 (2), 9443822 (2), 9716662 (2) (see all 17)
5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate	90.2	9	10079069 (1), 10353846 (1), 10504254 (1), 9443822 (1) (see all 6)
l-dopachrome	85.2	6	8900542 (1), 9794786 (1), 11032394 (1), 10504254 (1) (see all 5)
(e)-2-fluoro-p-hydroxycinnamate	84.4	2	10933783 (1), 16279779 (1)
chmi	84.3	6	18695941 (2), 9665726 (1), 10079069 (1)
4-oxalocrotonate	73.6	8	10079069 (1), 10353846 (1), 10504254 (1), 12382291 (1) (see all 5)
5,6-dihydroxyindole	71.5	2	11032394 (1), 9464626 (1)
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate	68.6	11	10353846 (2), 11439086 (2), 9395080 (1), 10504254 (1) (see all 6)
dopaminochrome	59.3	2	10644007 (1), 12835099 (1)
dopachrome	56.2	8	9794786 (3), 9614090 (1), 10576686 (1), 15145447 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about MIF

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for MIF gene:

NM_002415.1

Unigene Cluster for MIF:

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor)

Hs.407995 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: BQ056329

3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000215754(uc002zyr.1) ENST00000465752(uc011aje.2) ENST00000498385

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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: MIF (NM_002415)
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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat MIF

Additional cDNA sequence:

AF469046.1 AK311929.1 BC000447.2 BC007376.2 BC007676.1 BC008914.2 BC013976.2 BC022414.1

BC051440.1 BC053376.1 BT007148.1 CR407644.1 CR456520.1 CR541651.1 EF611126.1 JQ846015.1

L10612.1 M25639.1 M95775.1 Z23063.1

22 DOTS entries:

DT.99959987 DT.100045729 DT.451973 DT.92458820 DT.97857690 DT.91661314 DT.100853589 DT.100691841

DT.100691845 DT.92458819 DT.100691852 DT.120669373 DT.120669415 DT.95202663 DT.120669428 DT.100763736

DT.120669362 DT.100691842 DT.91653854 DT.91845241 DT.91878116 DT.95234056

24/1476 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 1476):

BM695027 N92307 AI869963 BF432610 CB122932 BM841148 BQ063218 AA721058

BF112251 AI347489 AI744576 BQ961643 AI569755 BM565460 BM666811 BE278306

BE888301 BU620040 CB160659 CD674111 BG168686 CB160664 BU075681 BM504318

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

MIF expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: AACGCGGCCA

About this image

MIF expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Extraembryonic Mesoderm

Extraembryonic Blood Islands

Primitive Erythrocytes

Blood

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See MIF Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for MIF

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.407995

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including MIF (see all 10):

Amino Acid Metabolism II in human mouse rat

Wound Healing in human mouse rat

DNA Damage Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

Hypoxia Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

Inflammatory Response & Autoimmunity 384HT in human mouse rat

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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat MIF

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for MIF

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for MIF gene from 7/18 species (see all 18) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Mif^{1 , 5}	macrophage migration inhibitory factor^{1, 5}	88.7(n)¹ 89.57(a)¹		10 (38.59 cM)⁵ 17319¹ NM_010798.2¹ NP_034928.1¹ 75859353⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	MIF¹	macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting more	75.07(n) 71.3(a)		100857237 XM_003642234.1 XP_003642282.1
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	MIF²	macrophage migration inhibitory factor	73.19(n)		AB111063.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	Dr.7856²	Danio rerio, clone IMAGE5776860, mRNA	78.1(n)		BC049029.1
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	mif-1⁶	MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor) relat...	34(a)	1 ↔ 1	III(11847802-11849934)
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	AT5G57170⁶ AT3G51660⁶ (see all 3)	macrophage migration inhibitory factor family prot... macrophage migration inhibitory factor family prot... (see all 3)	31(a) 27(a) (see all 3)	many → 1 many → 1 (see all 3)	5(23162071-23163280) 3(19164063-19165247)
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	-- -- (see all 3)	macrophage migration inhibitory factor, putative (see all 3)	36(a) 34(a) (see all 3)	many → 1 many → 1 (see all 3)	6(29401707-29402743) 12(410252-412211)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for MIF (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for MIF (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for MIF gene

DDT² DDTL²

2 SIMAP similar genes for MIF using alignment to 2 protein entries: MIF_HUMAN (see all proteins):

DDT DDTL

MIF for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 22 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs35859154^1,2	C,F,	--	7220004(+)	`GTTCTG/AAATGT`	1	--	us2k¹		6		NS WA	304
rs35777250^1,2	C,F,	--	7220569(+)	`CTAGGC/TGGTAG`	1	--	us2k¹		9		NS NA CSA WA	432
rs35178050^1,2	C,	--	7220759(+)	`GGAGTG/CCCATC`	1	--	us2k¹		6		NS EA	310
rs36086171^1,2	C,F,	--	7220794(+)	`AAGAGA/GAGGTG`	1	--	us2k¹		10		NS NA WA CSA EA	434
rs34775787^1,2	C,F,	--	7220925(+)	`AGGCAT/CGGGTG`	1	--	us2k¹		8		NS NA CSA WA	312
rs78142951^1,2	C,	--	7221088(+)	`TTTCAC/TCCATT`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs5844572^1,2	C,	--	7221089(+)	`TCACCCATT/- cattc`	1	--	us2k¹		1		CSA	2
rs79605695^1,2	C,,	--	7221089(+)	`TTCACC/TCATTC`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs34741940^1,2	C,	--	7221131(+)	`TGTCTC/TTTGTA`	1	--	us2k¹		5		NS	186
rs9624343^1,2	C,F,	--	7221213(+)	`CTCTAT/CGAGAG`	1	--	us2k¹		8		NS NA CSA WA	308

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for MIF (24236191 - 24237414 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for MIF: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): MIF

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing MIF

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for MIF

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

MIF for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 153620
OMIM disorders: 604302
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MIF_HUMAN, P14174

Genetic variations in MIF are associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis systemic juvenile (RASJ)

[MIM:604302]. An inflammatory articular disorder with systemic-onset beginning before the age of 16. It represents a

subgroup of juvenile arthritis associated with severe extraarticular features and occasionally fatal complications.

During active phases of the disorder, patients display a typical daily spiking fever, an evanescent macular rash,

lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, serositis, myalgia and arthritis

20/177 diseases for MIF (see all 177): About MalaCards

vogt-koyanagi-harada disease rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile adult-onset still's disease ocular cicatricial pemphigoid

disseminated intravascular coagulation cicatricial pemphigoid hypersensitivity reaction type ii disease macular holes

proliferative diabetic retinopathy otitis media rheumatoid arthritis graft versus host disease

non-small cell lung carcinoma lichen planus plasmodium falciparum malaria arthus reaction

oral lichen planus pre-eclampsia abdominal aortic aneurysm hemosiderosis

1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for MIF:

Rheumatoid arthritis

10/93 Novoseek disease relationships for MIF gene (see all 93) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
shock septic	59.1	50	11397892 (4), 10655104 (3), 16125329 (3), 12792855 (2) (see all 28)
inflammation	57.3	93	15659324 (4), 11673308 (3), 2260882 (2), 15225126 (2) (see all 64)
sepsis	54.1	118	19756498 (7), 17443469 (6), 19509463 (6), 16115897 (4) (see all 39)
rheumatoid arthritis	52.8	45	16628200 (3), 17166737 (2), 18442790 (2), 17869648 (2) (see all 33)
necrosis	49.2	61	11377135 (2), 12480958 (1), 14621041 (1), 15037585 (1) (see all 55)
systemic inflammatory response syndrome	47	6	16677407 (1), 19540674 (1), 20397261 (1), 17534704 (1) (see all 5)
tumors	44.9	234	18171602 (7), 12925952 (6), 15973102 (5), 15064733 (5) (see all 99)
arthritis	40.9	21	18078632 (2), 11207663 (2), 16465610 (2), 12746913 (1) (see all 12)
autoimmune diseases	36.5	33	10719057 (3), 18721909 (2), 15577740 (2), 20148714 (2) (see all 19)
hypersensitivity delayed	35.1	4	18288453 (1), 11032394 (1), 2307508 (1), 15770393 (1)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): MIF
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: MIF (107 documents)

Export disorders for MIF gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for MIF gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 812):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with MIF)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

A novel 5'-flanking region polymorphism of macrophage migration inhibitory factor is associated with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis. (PubMed id 11508429)^{1, 2, 4, 9} Donn R.P.... Thomson W. (2001)
Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding a human macrophage migration inhibitory factor. (PubMed id 2552447)^{1, 2, 3} Weiser W.Y.... David J.R. (1989)
Molecular cloning and functional expression of a cDNA encoding glycosylation-inhibiting factor. (PubMed id 8234256)^{1, 2, 9} Mikayama T.... Ishii Y. (1993)
Intracellular action of the cytokine MIF to modulate AP-1 activity and the cell cycle through Jab1. (PubMed id 11089976)^{1, 2, 9} Kleemann R.... Bernhagen J. (2000)
Correlation of rheumatoid arthritis severity with the genetic functional variants and circulating levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor. (PubMed id 16200611)^{1, 4, 9} Radstake T.R....van Riel P.L. (2005)
Polymorphisms of the macrophage inhibitory factor and C-reactive protein genes in subjects with Alzheimer's dementia. (PubMed id 15286457)^{1, 4, 9} Flex A....Pola P. (2004)
Functional polymorphisms in the promoter region of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and atopy. (PubMed id 14962818)^{1, 4, 9} Hizawa N....Nishimura M. (2004)
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene polymorphism is associated with sarcoidosis in biopsy proven erythema nodosum. (PubMed id 12180727)^{1, 4, 9} Amoli M.M....Gonzalez-Gay M.A. (2002)
Positive association of macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene-173G/C polymorphism with biliary atresia. (PubMed id 16385258)^{1, 4, 9} Arikan C....Aydogdu S. (2006)
Proinflammatory genetic profiles in subjects with history of ischemic stroke. (PubMed id 15308783)^{1, 4, 9} Flex A....Pola R. (2004)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 4282	HGNC: 7097	AceView: MIFandSLC2A11	Ensembl:ENSG00000240972	euGenes: HUgn4282
ECgene: MIF	Kegg: 4282	H-InvDB: MIF

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for MIF	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for MIF	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
NIEHS-SNPs	http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/mif/

Intellectual Property for MIF gene
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Patent Information for MIF gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving MIF

GeneCards and IP:
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