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MCU Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 44
GCID: GC10P074452

Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter

(Previous name: coiled-coil domain containing 109A)
(Previous symbols: C10orf42, CCDC109A)

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(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
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Aliases
Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter¹ ²
CCDC109A¹ ² ³ ⁵
C10orf42¹ ² ³
Coiled-Coil Domain-Containing Protein 109A² ³
Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 109A¹
Calcium Uniporter Protein, Mitochondrial²

External Ids:	HGNC: 23526¹	Entrez Gene: 90550²	Ensembl: ENSG00000156026⁷	OMIM: 614197⁵	UniProtKB: Q8NE86³

Export aliases for MCU gene to outside databases

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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Entrez Gene summary for MCU Gene:

This gene encodes a calcium transporter that localizes to the mitochondrial inner membrane. The encoded protein

interacts with mitochondrial calcium uptake 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

(provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012)

GeneCards Summary for MCU Gene:

MCU (mitochondrial calcium uniporter) is a protein-coding gene. GO annotations related to this gene include calcium channel activity and uniporter activity. An important paralog of this gene is CCDC109B.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MCU_HUMAN, Q8NE86

Function: Mitochondrial inner membrane calcium uniporter that mediates calcium uptake into mitochondria.

Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis plays key roles in cellular physiology and regulates cell bioenergetics,

cytoplasmic calcium signals and activation of cell death pathways. Regulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion

in pancreatic beta-cells by regulating mitochondrial calcium uptake. Involved in buffering the amplitude of

systolic calcium rises in cardiomyocytes

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
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RefSeq DNA sequence at NCBI GenBank:

NC_000010.10 NC_018921.2 NT_030059.14

Regulatory elements:

Search for regulatory transcription factor binding sites for MCU
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: MCU promoter sequence

Search Chromatin IP Primers for MCU

Epigenetics:

DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat MCU

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 10q22.1 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 10q22.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 10q22.2

MCU Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
MCU gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 10 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC10P074452: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	74,451,889 bp from pter	End:	74,647,452 bp from pter
Size:	195,564 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, ²neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, Cloud-Clone Corp, antibodies-online, and/or others.)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MCU_HUMAN, Q8NE86 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial

Size: 351 amino acids; 39867 Da

Subunit: Component of the uniplex complex, composed of MCU, MCUB, MICU1, MICU2 and EMRE/SMDT1. Heterotetramer with

CCDC109B/MCUB; this inhibits channel activity (By similarity). Homotetramer. Interacts with MICU1; MICU1 acts as

an essential gatekeeper for MCU. Interacts with MCUR1; interaction with MICU1 and MCUR1 are mutually exclusive

Secondary accessions: B2RDF3 B3KXV7 Q96FL3

Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms: Q8NE86-1 Q8NE86-2 Q8NE86-3 (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for MCU: NX_Q8NE86

Explore proteomics data for MCU at MOPED

Post-translational modifications:

Modification sites at neXtProt

Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

See MCU Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED, PaxDB, and MaxQB

REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts):

NP_001257608.1 NP_001257609.1 NP_612366.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000362144 ENSP00000474265 ENSP00000474820 ENSP00000473857 ENSP00000349680

ENSP00000473892 ENSP00000475141 ENSP00000440913

MCU Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	antibodies-online proteins for MCU (2 products)
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MCU Assay Products:

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	antibodies-online kits for MCU (12 products)

(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
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1 InterPro protein domain:

IPR006769 Coiled-coil-dom_prot_109_C

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q8NE86

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q8NE86

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MCU_HUMAN, Q8NE86

Similarity: Belongs to the MCU family

Find genes that share domains with MCU About GenesLikeMe

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, genOway,
transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs and/or Addgene, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Flow cytometry from eBioscience, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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Molecular Function:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: MCU_HUMAN, Q8NE86

Function: Mitochondrial inner membrane calcium uniporter that mediates calcium uptake into mitochondria.

Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis plays key roles in cellular physiology and regulates cell bioenergetics,

cytoplasmic calcium signals and activation of cell death pathways. Regulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion

in pancreatic beta-cells by regulating mitochondrial calcium uptake. Involved in buffering the amplitude of

systolic calcium rises in cardiomyocytes

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 molecular function terms: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005262	calcium channel activity	IDA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	--
GO:0015292	uniporter activity	IDA	--

Find genes that share ontologies with MCU About GenesLikeMe

Animal Models:

genOway: Develop your customized and physiologically relevant rodent model for MCU

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target MCU: hsa-mir-10a-5p (MIRT047735), hsa-mir-23a-3p (MIRT050443), hsa-mir-16-5p (MIRT005270)

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In Situ Assay
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(According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

MCU_HUMAN, Q8NE86: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 cellular component terms: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	--	--
GO:0005743	mitochondrial inner membrane	IDA	--
GO:0031305	integral component of mitochondrial inner membrane	IDA	--
GO:0034704	calcium channel complex	ISS	--
GO:1990246	uniplex complex	IDA	--

Find genes that share ontologies with MCU About GenesLikeMe

(SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene).
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Custom Pathway & Disease-focused RT² Profiler PCR Arrays for MCU
Interactions:

Search GeneGlobe Interaction Network for MCU

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 3 interactants - click image to see more details)

Selected Interacting proteins for MCU (Q8NE86^{2, 3} ENSP00000362144⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 246)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
ICT1	Q14197²^,³, ENSP00000301585⁴	MINT-8079030 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000301585
YWHAB	P31946³	I2D: score=1
AARS2	Q5JTZ9²	MINT-8079030
AASS	Q9UDR5²	MINT-8079030
ABCB7	O75027²	MINT-8079030

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Gene Ontology (GO): Selected biological process terms (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006851	mitochondrial calcium ion transport	IMP	--
GO:0019722	calcium-mediated signaling	IDA	--
GO:0032024	positive regulation of insulin secretion	IMP	--
GO:0035786	protein complex oligomerization	IDA	--
GO:0042593	glucose homeostasis	IMP	--

Find genes that share ontologies with MCU About GenesLikeMe

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB)
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Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse compounds at ApexBio

Browse Tocris compounds for MCU

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and/or Addgene, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, Flow cytometry from eBioscience )
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REFSEQ mRNAs for MCU gene (3 alternative transcripts):

NM_001270679.1 NM_001270680.1 NM_138357.2

Unigene Cluster for MCU:

Mitochondrial calcium uniporter

Hs.591366 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001270680

11 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000373053(uc009xqp.1 uc009xqq.1 uc010qjy.1 uc001jtc.3)

ENST00000603649 ENST00000604372 ENST00000604679 ENST00000357157(uc009xqr.3)

ENST00000605597 ENST00000604152 ENST00000483185 ENST00000603118 ENST00000605416

ENST00000536019(uc001jtd.3)

miRNA Products:		Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat MCU using miScript Target Protectors
		Selected qRT-PCR Assays for microRNAs that regulate MCU (see all 16):
		hsa-miR-520a-5p hsa-miR-548m hsa-miR-124 hsa-miR-3613-3p hsa-miR-205* hsa-miR-129-3p hsa-miR-506 hsa-miR-129*

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: MCU 3' UTR sequence

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		QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat MCU

Additional mRNA sequence:

AK025699.1 AK075439.1 AK128016.1 AK301475.1 AK310455.1 AK311133.1 AK315519.1 BC010682.1

BC034235.1 NR_073062.1

6 DOTS entries:

DT.445998 DT.100801405 DT.121299991 DT.121300003 DT.100665887 DT.99968136

Selected AceView cDNA sequences (see all 138):

CD519985 BU617819 AA884837 NM_138357 AK025699 AK128016 BM986978 BC034235

AA868007 BQ228499 BM754070 BX478050 BC010682 AW438592 T77889 AA582557

BF513607 BX482619 CK429538 BM802145 BQ638078 AA653386 AI863290 BM550689

GeneLoc Exon Structure

Selected Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for MCU (see all 7) About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5	^	6	^	7a	·	7b	^	8	^	9a	·	9b	^	10	^	11a	·	11b	·	11c	^	12	^	13a	·	13b	^	14
SP1:			-		-		-		-		-								-						-		-		-						-
SP2:			-		-		-		-		-								-				-		-										-
SP3:					-		-		-		-								-				-		-										-
SP4:			-				-
SP5:

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for MCU

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
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MCU expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS <intensity>^2/3
CGAP TAG: TGTAAAATCC

About this image

MCU Protein expression data from MOPED¹, PaxDb² and MaxQB³:

About this image

MCU Protein Expression

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.591366

Custom PCR Arrays for MCU

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In Situ
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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
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This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for MCU gene from Selected species (see all 17) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Mcu^{1 , 5}	coiled-coil domain containing 109A⁵ mitochondrial calcium uniporter¹	88.19(n)¹ 96.24(a)¹		10 (29.55 cM)⁵ 215999¹ NM_001033259.4¹ NP_001028431.2¹ 59446984⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	MCU¹	mitochondrial calcium uniporter	81.7(n) 89.59(a)		428942 XM_426497.4 XP_426497.2
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	MCU⁶	mitochondrial calcium uniporter	86(a)	1 ↔ 1	3(52263960-52403218)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	BX845810.1²	--	76.95(n)		BX845810.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	BM317106.1²	--	75.54(n)		BM317106.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	CG18769¹	CG18769	50.7(n) 46.6(a)		59223 NM_168169.3 NP_729173.1
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	mcu-1¹	mcu-1	49.94(n) 43.22(a)		177362 NM_068491.4 NP_500892.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for MCU (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for MCU (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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Paralogs for MCU gene

CCDC109B²

1 SIMAP similar gene for MCU using alignment to 6 protein entries: MCU_HUMAN (see all proteins):

CCDC109B

Find genes that share paralogs with MCU About GenesLikeMe

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
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SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 10 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs76397559^1,2	C,F	--	74449909(+)	`TATGAG/ATAAAT`	3	--	us2k¹		1		EA	120
rs149945259^1,2	C	--	74449921(+)	`TCACTG/TCAGGA`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs145143237^1,2		--	74450194(+)	`GTTCCA/GGGAAT`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs149031453^1,2		--	74450258(+)	`CATTCC/TTGAGG`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs3009559^1,2	C,F,A,H	--	74450319(-)	`CGGGGT/GAGATA`	3	--	us2k¹ tfbs³		24		NS EA NA WA CSA	2350
rs143205117^1,2		--	74450360(+)	`AGGTGG/TGGCAT`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs146689057^1,2		--	74450434(+)	`ATTTCA/TGTCAA`	4	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs193119540^1,2		--	74450490(+)	`TTTATA/GTGTGT`	4	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs66461452^1,2	C	--	74450843(+)	`TTTTTT/-TTTTT`	4	--	us2k¹		1		NA	2
rs140272269^1,2	C	--	74450873(+)	`GTCTTA/GCTGTG`	4	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for MCU (74451889 - 74647452 bp)

Structural Variations
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 4 variations for MCU: About this table

Variant ID	Type	Subtype	PubMed ID
nsv7121	CNV	Insertion	18451855
nsv895722	CNV	Loss	21882294
nsv895723	CNV	Loss	21882294
dgv299e1	CNV	Complex	17122850

Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays

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DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for MCU

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
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OMIM gene information: 614197 OMIM disorders: --

Find genes that share disorders with MCU About GenesLikeMe

Export disorders for MCU gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for MCU gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 27):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with MCU)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

A forty-kilodalton protein of the inner membrane is the mitochondrial calcium uniporter. (PubMed id 21685888)^{1, 2, 3} De Stefani D.... Rizzuto R. (Nature 2011)
Integrative genomics identifies MCU as an essential component of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter. (PubMed id 21685886)^{1, 2, 3} Baughman J.M.... Mootha V.K. (Nature 2011)
Evolutionary diversity of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter. (PubMed id 22605770)^{1, 2} Bick A.G.... Mootha V.K. (Science 2012)
Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake 1 (MICU1) and mitochondrial ca2+ uniporter (MCU) contribute to metabolism-secretion coupling in clonal pancreatic beta-cells. (PubMed id 22904319)^{1, 2} Alam M.R.... Graier W.F. (J. Biol. Chem. 2012)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S.... Malek J. (Genome Res. 2004)
The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU): molecular identity and physiological roles. (PubMed id 23400777)¹ Patron M....Rizzuto R. (J. Biol. Chem. 2013)
Mitochondrial calcium uniporter silencing potentiates caspase-independent cell death in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. (PubMed id 23602897)¹ Curry M.C....Monteith G.R. (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2013)
EMRE is an essential component of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex. (PubMed id 24231807)² Sancak Y.... Mootha V.K. (Science 2013)
A census of human soluble protein complexes. (PubMed id 22939629)¹ Havugimana P.C....Emili A. (Cell 2012)
Calcium transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane: molecular mechanisms and pharmacology. (PubMed id 22123069)¹ CsordA!s G....HajnA^czky G. (Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2012)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 90550	HGNC: 23526	AceView: C10orf42	Ensembl:ENSG00000156026	euGenes: HUgn90550
ECgene: MCU	H-InvDB: MCU

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or others, e.g. Wikipedia and GeneReviews, via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for MCU	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

Intellectual Property for MCU gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for MCU gene:
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GeneCards and IP:
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