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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

MCU Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 44
GCID: GC10P074452

mitochondrial calcium uniporter

(Previous name: coiled-coil domain containing 109A )
(Previous symbols: C10orf42, CCDC109A)
  Search for MCU
in our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
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(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter1 2     FLJ461351
C10orf421 2 3     Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 109A1
CCDC109A1 2 3     Calcium Uniporter Protein, Mitochondrial2
Coiled-Coil Domain-Containing Protein 109A2 3     

External Ids:    HGNC: 235261   Entrez Gene: 905502   Ensembl: ENSG000001560267   OMIM: 6141975   UniProtKB: Q8NE863   

Export aliases for MCU gene to outside databases


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for MCU:
This gene encodes a calcium transporter that localizes to the mitochondrial inner membrane. The encoded protein
interacts with mitochondrial calcium uptake 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. (provided
by RefSeq, Jul 2012)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MCU_HUMAN, Q8NE86
Function: Mitochondrial inner membrane calcium uniporter that mediates calcium uptake into mitochondrion. Mitochondrial
calcium homeostasis plays key roles in cellular physiology and regulates cell bioenergetics, cytoplasmic calcium
signals and activation of cell death pathways. Regulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells
by regulating mitochondrial calcium uptake. Involved in buffering the amplitude of systolic calcium rises in
cardiomyocytes




(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000010.10  NC_018921.1  NT_030059.13  
Regulatory elements:
   Search SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites for MCU
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidMCU promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for MCU

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat MCU


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 10q22.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  10q22.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 10q22.2

MCU Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
MCU gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 10         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC10P074452:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
74,451,889 bp from pter      End:
74,647,452 bp from pter
Size:
195,564 bases      Orientation:
plus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MCU_HUMAN, Q8NE86 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial  
Size: 351 amino acids; 39867 Da
Subunit: Homooligomer. Interacts with MICU1; MICU1 acts as an essential gatekeeper for MCU. Interacts with
CCDC90A/MCUR1; interaction with MICU1 and CCDC90A/MCUR1 are mutually exclusive
Subcellular location: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein
Secondary accessions: B2RDF3 B3KXV7 Q96FL3
Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms:  Q8NE86-1   Q8NE86-2   Q8NE86-3   (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for MCU: NX_Q8NE86

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q8NE86

  • MCU Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001257608.1  NP_001257609.1  NP_612366.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000362144   ENSP00000349680   ENSP00000440913  

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    Uscn Proteins for MCU

    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005739mitochondrion IDA--
    GO:0005743mitochondrial inner membrane IDA--
    GO:0016021integral to membrane IEA--


    MCU for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for MCU


    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    MCU for domains           About GeneDecksing

    1 InterPro domain/family:
     IPR006769 Coiled-coil-dom_prot_109_C

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q8NE86

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q8NE86

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MCU_HUMAN, Q8NE86
    Similarity: Belongs to the MCU family


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MCU_HUMAN, Q8NE86
    Function: Mitochondrial inner membrane calcium uniporter that mediates calcium uptake into mitochondrion. Mitochondrial
    calcium homeostasis plays key roles in cellular physiology and regulates cell bioenergetics, cytoplasmic calcium
    signals and activation of cell death pathways. Regulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells
    by regulating mitochondrial calcium uptake. Involved in buffering the amplitude of systolic calcium rises in
    cardiomyocytes

    miRNA
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    miRTarBase miRNAs that target MCU:
    hsa-mir-16 (MIRT005270)

    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: MCU
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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat MCU
    8/16 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate MCU (see all 16):
    hsa-miR-520a-5p hsa-miR-548m hsa-miR-124 hsa-miR-3613-3p hsa-miR-205* hsa-miR-129-3p hsa-miR-506 hsa-miR-129*
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidMCU 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for MCU (see all 4)
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005262calcium channel activity IDA--
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI--
    GO:0015292uniporter activity IDA--


    MCU for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section



    Interactions:

        Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for MCU

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 3 interactants - click image to see more details)

    5/233 Interacting proteins for MCU (Q8NE862, 3 ENSP000003621444) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 233)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    ICT1Q141972, 3, ENSP000003015854MINT-8079030 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000301585
    YWHABP319463I2D: score=1 
    AARS2Q5JTZ92MINT-8079030
    AASSQ9UDR52MINT-8079030
    ABCB7O750272MINT-8079030
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006851mitochondrial calcium ion transport IMP--
    GO:0019722calcium-mediated signaling IDA--
    GO:0032024positive regulation of insulin secretion IMP--
    GO:0035786protein complex oligomerization IDA--
    GO:0042593glucose homeostasis IMP--


    MCU for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section
    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for MCU
    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about MCU 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for MCU gene (3 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001270679.1  NM_001270680.1  NM_138357.2  

    Unigene Cluster for MCU:

    Mitochondrial calcium uniporter
    Hs.591366  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001270680
    4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000373053(uc009xqp.1 uc009xqq.1 uc010qjy.1 uc001jtc.3)
    ENST00000357157(uc009xqr.3) ENST00000483185 ENST00000536019(uc001jtd.3)


    miRNA
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    Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat MCU
    8/16 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate MCU (see all 16):
    hsa-miR-520a-5p hsa-miR-548m hsa-miR-124 hsa-miR-3613-3p hsa-miR-205* hsa-miR-129-3p hsa-miR-506 hsa-miR-129*
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidMCU 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK025699.1 AK075439.1 AK128016.1 AK301475.1 AK310455.1 AK311133.1 AK315519.1 BC010682.1 
    BC034235.1 NR_073062.1 

    6 DOTS entries:

    DT.445998  DT.100801405  DT.121299991  DT.121300003  DT.100665887  DT.99968136 

    24/138 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 138):

    CD519985 AA769229 BM782215 BM766897 AI863290 NM_138357 BM986978 BU752645 
    AK128016 BX482619 BM754070 BX478050 BC010682 CB129611 BG505195 CK429538 
    BQ638078 AA884837 AA582557 AA868007 BU173006 BX431657 BQ228499 AA653386 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/7 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for MCU (see all 7)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b ^ 8 ^ 9a · 9b ^ 10 ^ 11a · 11b · 11c ^ 12 ^ 13a · 13b ^ 14
    SP1:        -     -     -     -     -                       -                 -     -     -                 -         
    SP2:        -     -     -     -     -                       -           -     -                             -         
    SP3:              -     -     -     -                       -           -     -                             -         
    SP4:        -           -                                                                                             
    SP5:                                                                                                                  


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for MCU

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    MCU expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TGTAAAATCC

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image
    See MCU Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for MCU

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.591366
        SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for MCU
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    In Situ
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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

    Orthologs for MCU gene from 9/27 species (see all 27)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)
    Mammalia Mcu5
    Ccdc109a1
    coiled-coil domain containing 109A1, 5 88.67(n)1
    96.29(a)1
      10 (29.55 cM)5
    2159991  NM_001033259.41  NP_001028431.21 
     594469845 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves MCU1 mitochondrial calcium uniporter 80.43(n)
    86.92(a)
      428942  XM_426497.3  XP_426497.2 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia MCU6
    --
    89(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    3(52379517-52401155)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)
    Amphibia BX845810.12   -- 76.95(n)    BX845810.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii BM317106.12   -- 75.54(n)    BM317106.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)
    Insecta CG187691 CG18769 52.59(n)
    49.82(a)
      59223  NM_206280.2  NP_996002.2 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)
    Secernentea mcu-11 Protein MCU-1 49.82(n)
    43.22(a)
      177362  NM_068491.3  NP_500892.1 
    thale cress
    (Arabidopsis thaliana)
    eudicotyledons AT1G576106
    AT1G095756
    (see all 6)
    uncharacterized protein
    (see all 6)
    21(a)
    20(a)
    (see all 6)
    many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    (see all 6)
    1(21337209-21338756)
    1(3101671-3102925)
    rice
    (Oryza sativa)
    Liliopsida Os12g01221001 hypothetical protein 47.7(n)
    39.84(a)
      4351363  NM_001072560.2  NP_001066028.2 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for MCU (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for MCU (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for MCU gene
    CCDC109B2  
    1 SIMAP similar gene for MCU using alignment to 1 protein entry:     MCU_HUMAN:
    CCDC109B

    MCU for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/2776 NCBI SNPs in MCU are shown (see all 2776    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 10 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs763975591,2
    F,--74449909(+) TATGAG/ATAAAT 2 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- A:0.02EA 120
    rs1499452591,2
    --74449921(+) TCACTG/TCAGGA 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1451432371,2
    --74450194(+) GTTCCA/GGGAAT 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1490314531,2
    --74450258(+) CATTCC/TTGAGG 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs30095591,2
    C,F,A,H,--74450319(-) CGGGGT/GAGATA 2 -- us2k1 tfbs324Minor allele frequency- G:0.49NS EA NA WA CSA 2350
    rs1432051171,2
    --74450360(+) AGGTGG/TGGCAT 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1466890571,2
    --74450434(+) ATTTCA/TGTCAA 3 -- us2k10--------
    rs1931195401,2
    --74450490(+) TTTATA/GTGTGT 3 -- us2k10--------
    rs664614521,2
    C--74450843(+) TTTTTT/-TTTTT 3 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- -:0.00NA 2
    rs1402722691,2
    --74450873(+) GTCTTA/GCTGTG 3 -- us2k10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for MCU (74451889 - 74647452 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for MCU: --

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing MCU
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for MCU

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    MCU for disorders           About MalaCards

    MCU for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 614197    OMIM disorders: --


    Export disorders for MCU gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for MCU gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 24):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with MCU)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. A forty-kilodalton protein of the inner membrane is t he mitochondrial calcium uniporter. (PubMed id 21685888)1, 2, 3 De Stefani D....Rizzuto R. (2011)
    2. Integrative genomics identifies MCU as an essential c omponent of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter. (PubMed id 21685886)1, 2, 3 Baughman J.M....Mootha V.K. (2011)
    3. Evolutionary diversity of the mitochondrial calcium un iporter. (PubMed id 22605770)1, 2 Bick A.G....Mootha V.K. (2012)
    4. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake 1 (MICU1) and mitochondrial ca2+ uniporter (MCU) contribute to metabolism-secretion coupling in clonal pancreatic beta-cells. (PubMed id 22904319)1, 2 Alam M.R.... Graier W.F. (2012)
    5. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    6. A census of human soluble protein complexes. (PubMed id 22939629)1 Havugimana P.C....Emili A. (2012)
    7. Calcium transport across the inner mitochondrial membr ane: molecular mechanisms and pharmacology. (PubMed id 22123069)1 Csordas G....Hajnoczky G. (2012)
    8. MCUR1 is an essential component of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake that regulates cellular metabolism. (PubMed id 23178883)2 Mallilankaraman K.... Madesh M. (2012)
    9. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake contributes to buffering cytoplasmic Ca2+ peaks in cardiomyocytes. (PubMed id 22822213)2 Drago I.... Pozzan T. (2012)
    10. MICU1 is an essential gatekeeper for MCU-mediated mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake that regulates cell survival. (PubMed id 23101630)2 Mallilankaraman K.... Madesh M. (2012)

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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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    Entrez Gene: 90550 HGNC: 23526 AceView: C10orf42 Ensembl:ENSG00000156026 euGenes: HUgn90550
    ECgene: MCU H-InvDB: MCU

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
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    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
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    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for MCU Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

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