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MAPK6 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 67
GCID: GC15P052311

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 6

(Previous symbol: PRKM6)

See related diseases
at

MalaCards

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
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This gene clusters with an RNA gene
Subcategory (RNA class): antisense

Quality score for the ORGUL clustered with this gene is 3

Aliases
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 6¹ ²		p97-MAPK² ³
PRKM6¹ ² ³		EC 2.7.11.24³ ⁸
Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 3² ³		HsT17250²
ERK-3² ³		Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase, P97²
ERK3² ³		p97MAPK²
MAP Kinase 6² ³		Protein Kinase, Mitogen-Activated 5²
MAP Kinase Isoform P97² ³		Protein Kinase, Mitogen-Activated 6²
MAPK 6² ³		EC 2.7.11⁸

External Ids:	HGNC: 6879¹	Entrez Gene: 5597²	Ensembl: ENSG00000069956⁷	OMIM: 602904⁵	UniProtKB: Q16659³

ORGUL members:

Export aliases for MAPK6 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC15P047869 GC15P045358 GC15P049890 GC15P050027 GC15P050098 GC15P029169

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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Entrez Gene summary for MAPK6 Gene:

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family, and is most closely related to

mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases). MAP kinases also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases

(ERKs), are activated through protein phosphorylation cascades and act as integration points for multiple

biochemical signals. This kinase is localized in the nucleus, and has been reported to be activated in

fibroblasts upon treatment with serum or phorbol esters. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

GeneCards Summary for MAPK6 Gene:

MAPK6 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 6) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with MAPK6 include pulmonary immaturity, and acinar cell carcinoma. GO annotations related to this gene include protein kinase binding and protein heterodimerization activity. An important paralog of this gene is MAPK4.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MK06_HUMAN, Q16659

Function: Atypical MAPK protein. Phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and MAPKAPK5. The precise

role of the complex formed with MAPKAPK5 is still unclear, but the complex follows a complex set of

phosphorylation events: upon interaction with atypical MAPKAPK5, ERK3/MAPK6 is phosphorylated at Ser-189 and then

mediates phosphorylation and activation of MAPKAPK5, which in turn phosphorylates ERK3/MAPK6. May promote entry

in the cell cycle (By similarity)

Gene Wiki entry for MAPK6 Gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
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RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000015.10 NT_010194.18 NC_018926.2

Regulatory elements:

Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the MAPK6 gene promoter:
Egr-3 ER-alpha NF-AT CREB NF-AT4 NF-AT2 Sox9 NF-AT3 ARP-1 NF-AT1
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: MAPK6 promoter sequence

Search Chromatin IP Primers for MAPK6

Epigenetics:

DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat MAPK6

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 15q21 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 15q21.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 15q21

MAPK6 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
MAPK6 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 15 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC15P052311: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	52,244,303 bp from pter	End:	52,358,462 bp from pter
Size:	114,160 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, ²neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MK06_HUMAN, Q16659 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6

Size: 721 amino acids; 82681 Da

Cofactor: Magnesium (By similarity)

Subunit: Heterodimer with ERK4/MAPK4. Interacts with (via FRIEDE motif) MAPKAPK5 (By similarity). Interacts with

UBE3A; this interaction may be indirect and mediated by HERC2, possibly via HERC2 interaction with NEURL4

1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for MAPK6:

2I6L (3D)

Secondary accessions: B2R945 B5BU65 Q68DH4 Q8IYN8

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for MAPK6: NX_Q16659

Explore proteomics data for MAPK6 at MOPED

Post-translational modifications:

Phosphorylated at Ser-189 by PAK1, PAK2 and PAK3 resulting in catalytic activation. Phosphorylated by MAPKAPK5 at

other sites¹

Ubiquitination at Met-1 leads to degradation by the proteasome pathway¹

Ubiquitination² at Lys4, Lys447, Lys471, Lys480, Lys517, Lys563, Lys631, Lys672, Lys691, Lys703

Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

Selected DME Specific Peptides for MAPK6 (Q16659) (see all 18)

LKYIHSA

RVAIKKI

VLHRDLK

LKIGDFG

See MAPK6 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED, PaxDB, and MaxQB

REFSEQ proteins: NP_002739.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000261845

MAPK6 Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	OriGene Purified Protein for MAPK6 OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for MAPK6 OriGene Custom MassSpec OriGene Custom Protein Services for MAPK6
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for MAPK6
	Novus Biologicals MAPK6 Proteins Novus Biologicals MAPK6 Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for MAPK6

MAPK6 Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of MAPK6
	R&D Systems Antibodies for MAPK6 (ERK3)
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for MAPK6 (ERK3)
	OriGene Antibodies for MAPK6 OriGene Custom Antibody Services for MAPK6
	Novus Biologicals MAPK6 Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for MAPK6
	Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for MAPK6
	ThermoFisher Antibody for MAPK6
	LSBio Antibodies in human, mouse, rat for MAPK6

MAPK6 Assay Products:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Assay Services for MAPK6
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for MAPK6
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Cloud-Clone Corp. ELISAs for MAPK6 Cloud-Clone Corp. CLIAs for MAPK6

(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
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HGNC Gene Families:

MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade / Kinases

IUPHAR Guide to PHARMACOLOGY protein family classification: mitogen-activated protein kinase 6

ERK subfamily

Selected InterPro protein domains (see all 6):

IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS

IPR002290 Ser/Thr_dual-sp_kinase_dom

IPR011009 Kinase-like_dom

IPR008271 Ser/Thr_kinase_AS

IPR000719 Prot_kinase_dom

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q16659

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q16659

1 Blocks protein domain: IPB008350 ERK3/4 MAP kinase signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MK06_HUMAN, Q16659

Domain: In contrast to classical MAPKs, the TXY motif within the activation loop is replaced by the SEG motif,

whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases (By similarity)

Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily

Similarity: Contains 1 protein kinase domain

MAPK6 for domains About GeneDecksing

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway,
transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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Molecular Function:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: MK06_HUMAN, Q16659

Function: Atypical MAPK protein. Phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and MAPKAPK5. The precise

role of the complex formed with MAPKAPK5 is still unclear, but the complex follows a complex set of

phosphorylation events: upon interaction with atypical MAPKAPK5, ERK3/MAPK6 is phosphorylated at Ser-189 and then

mediates phosphorylation and activation of MAPKAPK5, which in turn phosphorylates ERK3/MAPK6. May promote entry

in the cell cycle (By similarity)

Catalytic activity: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein

Enzyme regulation: Activated by phosphorylation at Ser-189

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 2.7.11.24¹ ² EC 2.7.11²

Gene Ontology (GO): Selected molecular function terms (see all 9): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	--	--
GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	TAS	2032290
GO:0004707	MAP kinase activity	ISS	--
GO:0004713	protein tyrosine kinase activity	--	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	--

MAPK6 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Phenotypes:
3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for MAPK6:

Decreased substrate adherent c

Decreased viability

Increased mitotic index

9 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Mapk6):

behavior/neurological	cardiovascular system	growth/size/body	homeostasis/metabolism	integument
liver/biliary system	mortality/aging	respiratory system	skeleton

MAPK6 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:

inGenious Targeting Laboratory: Let us create your new Knockout/Knockin mouse model for MAPK6

inGenious Targeting Laboratory: Contact us about creating complex and humanized mouse models for MAPK6

genOway customized KO model: permanent, tissue-specific or time-controlled inactivation for MAPK6

genOway customized Knockin model: humanization, point mutation, expression monitoring, etc. for MAPK6

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target MAPK6: hsa-mir-100-5p (MIRT048392), hsa-mir-128-3p (MIRT021894), hsa-mir-15a-5p (MIRT051334), hsa-mir-99a-5p (MIRT048608)

		Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat MAPK6 using miScript Target Protectors
		Selected qRT-PCR Assays for microRNAs that regulate MAPK6 (see all 67):
		hsa-miR-548j hsa-miR-128 hsa-miR-374a hsa-miR-632 hsa-miR-519a hsa-miR-548a-5p hsa-miR-3148 hsa-miR-559

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: MAPK6 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for MAPK6
		Predesigned siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat MAPK6

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for MAPK6

Clone Products:		OriGene clones in human, mouse for MAPK6 (see all 9) OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for MAPK6 OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: MAPK6 (NM_002748)
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for MAPK6
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for MAPK6
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat MAPK6

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for MAPK6
		Browse ESI BIO Cell Lines and PureStem Progenitors for MAPK6

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for MAPK6

(According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

MK06_HUMAN, Q16659: Cytoplasm (By similarity). Nucleus (By similarity). Note=Translocates to the cytoplasm

following interaction with MAPKAPK5 (By similarity)

Subcellular locations from COMPARTMENTS:

Compartment	Confidence
nucleus	4
cytosol	2
cytoskeleton	1

About this image

Gene Ontology (GO): 2 cellular component terms: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005634	nucleus	ISS	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	ISS	--

MAPK6 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene).
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SuperPaths for MAPK6 About (see all 41)

See pathways by source

SuperPath

Selected contained pathways About (see all per SuperPath)

ErbB4 Pathway

ErbB4 Pathway	0.59	ErbB2-ErbB3 Heterodimers	0.49
ErbB Family Pathway	0.59	IL-2 Pathway	0.48
Prolactin Signaling	0.54	HMGB1 Pathway	0.36
Thrombopoietin Pathway	0.51	PI3K Signaling in B-Lymphocyte	0.35

GPCR Pathway

Ras Pathway	0.73	Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1	0.58
GPCR Pathway	0.62	NFAT in Immune Response	0.58
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma	0.59

Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts

	Glioma Invasiveness	0.64			Rap1 Pathway	0.57
	eIF2 Pathway	0.60

Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency

GSK3 Signaling

0.61

14-3-3 Induced Intracellular Signaling

0.59

PEDF Induced Signaling

IL-6 Pathway

0.61

Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway

0.46

Pathways by source See SuperPaths
Show all pathways

Selected Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of GeneGlobe Pathway Central Maps for MAPK6 (see all 55)

	14-3-3 Induced Apoptosis
	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
	eIF2 Pathway
	G12-G13 in Cellular Signaling

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for MAPK6

MAP Kinase Signaling

2 Tocris Bioscience Pathways for MAPK6

	Insulin Pathway
	Toll-like Receptor Pathway

Selected BioSystems Pathways for MAPK6 (see all 6)

	MAPK signaling pathway
	Focal Adhesion
	Integrin-mediated cell adhesion
	Signal Transduction of S1P Receptor
	Insulin Signaling

1 PharmGKB Pathway for MAPK6

VEGF Signaling Pathway

MAPK6 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Pathway & Disease-focused RT² Profiler PCR Array including MAPK6:

MAP Kinase (MAPK) Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

Interactions:

GeneGlobe Interaction Network for MAPK6

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

Selected Interacting proteins for MAPK6 (Q16659^{1, 2, 3} ENSP00000261845⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 295)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
MAPKAPK5	Q8IW41¹^,²^,³	EBI-1384105,EBI-1201460 MINT-8261384 I2D: score=5
DDR1	Q08345²^,³	MINT-8260966 I2D: score=2
ENSG00000137332	Q08345²^,³	MINT-8260966 I2D: score=2
ENSG00000215522	Q08345²^,³	MINT-8260966 I2D: score=2
ENSG00000230456	Q08345²^,³	MINT-8260966 I2D: score=2

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 biological process terms: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	--	--
GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	ISS	--
GO:0007049	cell cycle	IEA	--
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	2032290

MAPK6 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB)
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Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse compounds at ApexBio

Browse Tocris compounds for MAPK6 (MK06)

3 HMDB Compounds for MAPK6 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
ADP	adenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)	58-64-0	--
Adenosine triphosphate	5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)	56-65-5	--
Magnesium	Magnesium (see all 2)	7439-95-4	--

2 Novoseek inferred chemical compound relationships for MAPK6 gene About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
threonine	38.6	2	12915405 (1), 12504858 (1)
serine	24.5	2	12915405 (1), 12504858 (1)

MAPK6 for compounds About GeneDecksing

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN )
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REFSEQ mRNAs for MAPK6 gene:

NM_002748.3

Unigene Cluster for MAPK6:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6

Hs.411847 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_002748

8 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000560802 ENST00000558063 ENST00000560254 ENST00000261845(uc002abp.3)

ENST00000558100 ENST00000558841 ENST00000558891 ENST00000560774

miRNA Products:		Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat MAPK6 using miScript Target Protectors
		Selected qRT-PCR Assays for microRNAs that regulate MAPK6 (see all 67):
		hsa-miR-548j hsa-miR-128 hsa-miR-374a hsa-miR-632 hsa-miR-519a hsa-miR-548a-5p hsa-miR-3148 hsa-miR-559

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: MAPK6 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for MAPK6
		Predesigned siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat MAPK6

Clone Products:		OriGene clones in human, mouse for MAPK6 (see all 9) OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for MAPK6 OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: MAPK6 (NM_002748)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for MAPK6
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat MAPK6

Primer Products:		OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for MAPK6 OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for MAPK6
		Pre-validated RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat MAPK6
		QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat MAPK6
		QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat MAPK6

Additional mRNA sequence:

AB451301.1 AF420474.1 AJ251709.1 AK313633.1 BC035492.2 CR749401.1 L77964.1 X80692.1

10 DOTS entries:

DT.100017169 DT.95069177 DT.121077095 DT.121077106 DT.121077161 DT.91762974 DT.95253212 DT.100680321

DT.121621644 DT.99960657

Selected AceView cDNA sequences (see all 264):

BF062316 BI757105 AI696041 CA432548 BX474858 BQ212643 BC035492 AI251105

CA449987 AA251095 AW069490 AL704923 CK429196 BM479484 CA411718 T32837

BG493160 F12584 AA758456 N48784 BM472514 F10200 BG496241 BF002187

GeneLoc Exon Structure

4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for MAPK6 About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5a	·	5b	·	5c	·	5d	^	6	^	7	^	8	^	9
SP1:			-		-		-
SP2:			-		-
SP3:					-		-
SP4:							-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for MAPK6

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
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MAPK6 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities) MAPK6 embryonic expression: see
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS <intensity>^2/3
CGAP TAG: --

About this image

MAPK6 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells About this table

Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database
selected tissues (see all 11) fully expand


Brain (Nervous System) fully expand to see all 8 entries
Cerebral Cortex

Neural Tube (Nervous System) fully expand to see all 3 entries
Metencephalon

Liver (Hepatobiliary System) fully expand to see all 2 entries
Hepatocytes Liver Lobule
Liver Bud

Testis (Reproductive System)
Leydig Cells Testis Interstitium

Gut Tube (Gastrointestinal Tract)
Foregut

MAPK6 Protein expression data from MOPED¹, PaxDb² and MaxQB³:

About this image

MAPK6 Protein Expression

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.411847

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: MK06_HUMAN, Q16659

Tissue specificity: Highest expression in the skeletal muscle, followed by the brain. Also found in heart,

placenta, lung, liver, pancreas, kidney and skin fibroblasts

Pathway & Disease-focused RT² Profiler PCR Array including MAPK6:

MAP Kinase (MAPK) Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for MAPK6 OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for MAPK6
		Pre-validated RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat MAPK6
		QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat MAPK6
		QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat MAPK6

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for MAPK6

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
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This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals and fungi.

Orthologs for MAPK6 gene from Selected species (see all 14) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Mapk6^{1 , 5}	mitogen-activated protein kinase 6^{1, 5}	88.13(n)¹ 94.99(a)¹		9 (42.30 cM)⁵ 50772¹ NM_027418.2¹ NP_081694.1¹ 75369062⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	MAPK6¹	mitogen-activated protein kinase 6	87.41(n) 93.06(a)		415419 NM_001030549.1 NP_001025720.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	MAPK6⁶	mitogen-activated protein kinase 6	91(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343998.1(4633-14350)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	Xl.23931²	Xenopus laevis transcribed sequence with moderate similarity more	81.91(n)		BJ060132.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	mapk6¹	mitogen-activated protein kinase 6	69.19(n) 76.75(a)		565830 NM_001045552.1 NP_001039017.1
baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	Saccharomycetes	KSS1⁶ FUS3⁶	Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) involved i... Mitogen-activated serine/threonine protein kinase ...	35(a) 35(a)	many ↔ many many ↔ many	VII(575398-576504) YGR040W II(192451-193512) YBL016W

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for MAPK6 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for MAPK6 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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Paralogs for MAPK6 gene

MAPK4² MAPK3² MAPK7² NLK² MAPK15² MAPK1²

9 SIMAP similar genes for MAPK6 using alignment to 1 protein entry: MK06_HUMAN:

MAPK4 MAPK14 MAPK13 CDK2 CDK6 CDK4

CDK7 MAPK9 CDK9

MAPK6 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

Selected Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for MAPK6 (see all 7)
PGOHUM00000238785 PGOHUM00000248385 PGOHUM00000239050 PGOHUM00000243765 PGOHUM00000249323

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
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SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 15 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs186250122^1,2		--	52309498(+)	`CAATGA/GTTTGG`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs150531004^1,2	C	--	52309605(+)	`AGGGTA/GGGGGA`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs2001741^1,2	C,F	--	52309625(+)	`GTACAT/CTGATC`	1	--	us2k¹		1		CSA	1
rs75754466^1,2	C,F	--	52310092(+)	`TGCGGT/CTGGAA`	1	--	us2k¹		2		WA NA	238
rs55714716^1,2	C,F	--	52310118(+)	`TCTTGG/TTTTTT`	1	--	us2k¹		3		WA EA	240
rs140309227^1,2	C	--	52310167(+)	`GACGT-/TGTTTTA`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs78332522^1,2	C,F	--	52310268(+)	`TTTCGC/GCCAGG`	1	--	us2k¹		3		WA EA	240
rs116503730^1,2	C,F	--	52310311(+)	`CAACCC/TCCCGC`	1	--	us2k¹		1		WA	118
rs60915972^1,2	C	--	52310423(+)	`CTTTC-/ACC ATGTTGGCCAT`	1	--	us2k¹		1		NA	2
rs75039201^1,2	C	--	52310423(+)	`CTTTCG/ACCATG`	1	--	us2k¹		2		WA CSA	3

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for MAPK6 (52244303 - 52358462 bp)

Structural Variations
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 5 variations for MAPK6: About this table

Variant ID	Type	Subtype	PubMed ID
esv2749691	CNV	Deletion	23290073
dgv340e201	CNV	Deletion	23290073
esv2351837	CNV	Deletion	18987734
nsv1536	CNV	Loss	18451855
nsv471244	CNV	Gain	18288195

Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
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OMIM gene information: 602904 OMIM disorders: --

13 diseases for MAPK6: About MalaCards

pulmonary immaturity acinar cell carcinoma glioblastoma multiforme oral squamous cell carcinoma

squamous cell carcinoma colorectal cancer adenocarcinoma pancreatitis

cerebritis leukemia breast cancer neuronitis

endotheliitis

MAPK6 for disorders About GeneDecksing

1 Novoseek inferred disease relationship for MAPK6 gene About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
cancer	0	3	15067337 (3)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): MAPK6

Export disorders for MAPK6 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for MAPK6 gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 47):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with MAPK6)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Primary structure, expression and chromosomal locus of a human homolog of rat ERK3. (PubMed id 8875998)^{1, 2, 3, 9} Meloche S.... Pellerin J. (Oncogene 1996)
N-Terminal ubiquitination of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 and p21 directs their degradation by the proteasome. (PubMed id 15226418)^{1, 2, 9} Coulombe P....Meloche S. (Mol. Cell. Biol. 2004)
Identification and proteomic analysis of distinct UBE3A/E6AP protein complexes. (PubMed id 22645313)^{1, 2} Martinez-Noel G.... Howley P.M. (Mol. Cell. Biol. 2012)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S.... Malek J. (Genome Res. 2004)
Cloning and characterization of p97MAPK, a novel human homolog of rat ERK-3. (PubMed id 7969157)^{1, 2} Zhu A.X.... Flier J.S. (Mol. Cell. Biol. 1994)
Regulation of ERK3/MAPK6 expression by BRAF. (PubMed id 16964379)^{1, 9} Hoeflich K.P....Seshagiri S. (Int. J. Oncol. 2006)
Rapid turnover of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway defines a novel paradigm of mitogen-activated protein kinase regulation during cellular differentiation. (PubMed id 12808096)^{1, 9} Coulombe P....Meloche S. (Mol. Cell. Biol. 2003)
Nuclear export of ERK3 by a CRM1-dependent mechanism regulates its inhibitory action on cell cycle progression. (PubMed id 12915405)^{1, 9} Julien C....Meloche S. (J. Biol. Chem. 2003)
Different domains of the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK3 and ERK2 direct subcellular localization and upstream specificity in vivo. (PubMed id 11741894)^{1, 9} Robinson M.J....Cobb M.H. (J. Biol. Chem. 2002)
Proteasome- and p38-dependent regulation of ERK3 expression. (PubMed id 11148204)^{1, 9} Zimmermann J....Furst P. (J. Biol. Chem. 2001)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 5597	HGNC: 6879	AceView: MAPK6	Ensembl:ENSG00000069956	euGenes: HUgn5597
ECgene: MAPK6	H-InvDB: MAPK6

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or others, e.g. Wikipedia and GeneReviews, via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for MAPK6	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for MAPK6	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Intellectual Property for MAPK6 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for MAPK6 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving MAPK6

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Gene Editing from DNA2.0. Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript, and ESI BIO, PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or ApexBio, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Animal models from inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway)
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 6

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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 6

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