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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

LIF Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 67
GCID: GC22M030636

leukemia inhibitory factor

Explore 129 diseases affiliated with
LIF via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor¹ ²		D Factor² ³
HILDA¹ ² ³ ⁵		Cholinergic Differentiation Factor²
CDF¹ ²		Differentiation Inhibitory Activity²
DIA¹ ²		Differentiation-Inducing Factor²
Differentiation-Stimulating Factor² ³		Hepatocyte-Stimulating Factor III²
Melanoma-Derived LPL Inhibitor² ³		Human Interleukin In DA Cells²
MLPLI² ³		Emfilermin³

External Ids:	HGNC: 6596¹	Entrez Gene: 3976²	Ensembl: ENSG00000128342⁷	OMIM: 159540⁵	UniProtKB: P15018³

Export aliases for LIF gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC22M027332 GC22M028960 GC22M013598

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for LIF:

The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine with roles in several different systems. It is involved in

the induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, induction of neuronal cell

differentiation, regulator of mesenchymal to epithelial conversion during kidney development, and may also have a role

in immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple

isoforms have been observed for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LIF_HUMAN, P15018

Function: LIF has the capacity to induce terminal differentiation in leukemic cells. Its activities include the

induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, the induction of neuronal cell

differentiation, and the stimulation of acute-phase protein synthesis in hepatocytes

Gene Wiki entry for LIF (Leukemia inhibitory factor)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000022.10 NC_018933.1 NT_011520.12

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the LIF gene promoter:
STAT1 ATF-2 STAT1beta STAT5A Max STAT3 c-Jun c-Myc
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: LIF promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for LIF

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat LIF

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 22q12.2 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 22q12.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 22q12.2

LIF Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
LIF gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 22 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC22M030636: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	30,636,436 bp from pter	End:	30,642,840 bp from pter
Size:	6,405 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LIF_HUMAN, P15018 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Leukemia inhibitory factor precursor

Size: 202 amino acids; 22008 Da

Subcellular location: Secreted

3 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for LIF:

1EMR (3D)

1PVH (3D)

2Q7N (3D)

Secondary accessions: B2RCW7 B5MC23 Q52LZ2

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P15018-1 P15018-2 (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for LIF: NX_P15018

LIF Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_001244064.1 NP_002300.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000249075 ENSP00000384450

Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant LIF Protein
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for LIF
	Enzo Life Sciences proteins for LIF
	OriGene Purified Proteins (see all 2): LIF OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: LIF OriGene Custom Protein Services for LIF
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for LIF
	Novus Biologicals LIF Proteins Novus Biologicals LIF Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for LIF
	Uscn Proteins for LIF

Gene Ontology (GO): 2 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IC	12643274
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	--

LIF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

LIF Antibody Products:

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	Novus Biologicals LIF Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for LIF
	Uscn Antibodies for LIF
	ThermoFisher Antibodies for LIF

Assay Products for LIF:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	R&D Systems ELISAs for LIF
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for LIF
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Sandwich ELISA Kits for LIF
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for LIF

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

LIF for domains About GeneDecksing

5 InterPro domains/families:

IPR003624 Leukemia_IF

IPR012351 4_helix_cytokine_core

IPR009079 4_helix_cytokine-like_core

IPR019827 Leukemia_IF/oncostatin_CS

IPR001581 Leukemia_IF/oncostatin

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P15018

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P15018

1 Blocks protein family: IPB003624 Leukemia inhibitory factor

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LIF_HUMAN, P15018

Similarity: Belongs to the LIF/OSM family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LIF_HUMAN, P15018

Function: LIF has the capacity to induce terminal differentiation in leukemic cells. Its activities include the

induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, the induction of neuronal cell

differentiation, and the stimulation of acute-phase protein synthesis in hepatocytes

Genatlas biochemistry entry for LIF:

leukemia inhibitory factor (differentiation-stimulating factor),interleukin-6 cytokine family member stimulating

hematopoiesis,platelet production,localized distally to the breakpoint in t(11;22)(q24;q12)

Summary:

During embryonic development, LIF as signaling molecule

affects the following cells: Late Retinal Progenitor Cells in Neuroblastic Layer

LIF as growth factor is involved in stem cell differentiation protocols towards the derivation of the following cells: BMP-induced cells, Embryonic germ cells (see all 6).

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target LIF: hsa-mir-125a-5p (MIRT004326), hsa-mir-26a (MIRT001039), hsa-mir-125b (MIRT001037), hsa-mir-346 (MIRT001040), hsa-mir-199a-5p (MIRT004325)

		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat LIF
		8/91 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate LIF (see all 91):
		hsa-miR-520e hsa-miR-520f hsa-miR-3194-5p hsa-miR-106a hsa-miR-1224-3p hsa-miR-3921 hsa-miR-3916 hsa-miR-3150b-3p

		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for LIF (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: LIF OriGene siRNA: LIF
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat LIF

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for LIF

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: LIF (NM_002309)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for LIF
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat LIF

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for LIF
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for LIF

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for LIF

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001135	RNA polymerase II transcription factor recruiting transcription factor activity	IDA	--
GO:0005102	receptor binding	IPI	8999038
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	IDA	7957045
GO:0005146	leukemia inhibitory factor receptor binding	IPI	8999038
GO:0008083	growth factor activity	IDA	12643274

LIF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

5 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for LIF:

Decreased G3BP1 protein expres	Decreased NANOG protein expres	Decreased OCT4 protein express	Decreased POU5F1-GFP protein e
Increased HDAC inhibitor resis

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-outs for LIF: Lif^tm1Cgre Lif^tm1Stw
15/20 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 3 alleles) (MGI details for Lif) (see all 20):

adipose tissue	behavior/neurological	cardiovascular system	cellular	digestive/alimentary
embryogenesis	endocrine/exocrine gland	growth/size	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism
immune system	integument	liver/biliary system	mortality/aging	muscle

LIF for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/15 super-pathways (see all 15) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

PEDF Induced Signaling

8/9 pathways (see all 9)
PEDF Induced Signaling	1.00	RAR-Gamma-RXR-Alpha Degradation	0.54
MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation	0.73	STAT3 Pathway	0.47
MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells	0.71	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway	0.44
IL-6 Pathway	0.61	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction	0.26

Rho Family GTPases

	Rho Family GTPases	1.00			Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer	0.51
	ERK Signaling	0.61

PAK Pathway

PAK Pathway

1.00

Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C

0.56

Akt Signaling

Akt Signaling

1.00

p38 Signaling

0.60

NFAT and Cardiac Hypertrophy

NFAT and Cardiac Hypertrophy

1.00

Signaling Involved in Cardiac Hypertrophy

0.42

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

2 EMD Millipore Pathways for LIF

	Selected targets of CREB1
	Selected targets of p53

5/18 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for LIF (see all 18)

	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway
	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
	ERK5 Signaling
	Signaling Involved in Cardiac Hypertrophy

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for LIF

Lymphocyte Signaling

5 BioSystems Pathways for LIF

	Adipogenesis
	TGF Beta Signaling Pathway
	MicroRNAs in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy
	Direct p53 effectors
	Validated transcriptional targets of AP1 family members Fra1 and Fra2

2 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for LIF):

	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
	Jak-STAT signaling pathway

LIF for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for LIF

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 4 interactants - click image to see more details)

5/11 Interacting proteins for LIF (P15018^{2, 3} ENSP00000249075⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 11)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
LIFR	P42702²^,³, ENSP00000263409⁴	MINT-62477 MINT-62475 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000263409
IL6ST	P40189²^,³, ENSP00000338799⁴	MINT-62483 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000338799
CNTFR	P26992³	I2D: score=1
JUN	ENSP00000360266⁴	STRING: ENSP00000360266
TP53	ENSP00000269305⁴	STRING: ENSP00000269305

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/43 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 43): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001974	blood vessel remodeling	IEA	--
GO:0006955	immune response	IEA	--
GO:0007275	multicellular organismal development	TAS	3143918
GO:0007566	embryo implantation	IEA	--
GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation	IDA	8999038

LIF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

LIF for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for LIF
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LIF_HUMAN, P15018

Pharmaceutical: In phase II clinical trial. The drug is being developed by Amrad to assist embryo implantation in women

who have failed to become pregnant despite assisted reproductive technologies (ART)

10/107 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for LIF gene (see all 107) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
gp 130	95.4	406	12799551 (5), 9568895 (5), 9712900 (5), 12574225 (4) (see all 99)
toxohormone-l	65.8	2	7622421 (1), 8765417 (1)
il 11	61.8	5	19647472 (2), 8605875 (1)
tyrosine	53	49	8900046 (3), 18174171 (2), 8174677 (2), 7688764 (2) (see all 34)
progesterone	47	77	9835355 (5), 16055453 (4), 18675966 (3), 11574494 (3) (see all 37)
tgf beta1	44.5	13	9714521 (2), 14968036 (2), 17034864 (1), 14627547 (1) (see all 9)
pd 98,059	40.4	7	10217263 (1), 12145097 (1), 19340839 (1), 18252965 (1) (see all 6)
rantes	37.6	15	12620497 (2), 8626989 (2), 15708128 (1), 9764576 (1) (see all 10)
gm-csf	37.1	2	8769977 (1), 7683736 (1)
onapristone	34.7	3	11420216 (2)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about LIF

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for LIF gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_001257135.1 NM_002309.4

Unigene Cluster for LIF:

Leukemia inhibitory factor

Hs.2250 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_002309

2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000249075(uc003agz.2 uc011aks.1) ENST00000403987

miRNA Products:		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat LIF
		8/91 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate LIF (see all 91):
		hsa-miR-520e hsa-miR-520f hsa-miR-3194-5p hsa-miR-106a hsa-miR-1224-3p hsa-miR-3921 hsa-miR-3916 hsa-miR-3150b-3p

		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for LIF (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: LIF OriGene siRNA: LIF
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat LIF

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for LIF (see all 4) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for LIF OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: LIF (NM_002309)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for LIF
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		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat LIF
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat LIF

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK315310.1 BC069540.1 BC093733.1 BC093735.1 BC143305.1 X13967.1

2 DOTS entries:

DT.210986 DT.100744740

24/47 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 47):

R50018 CK819709 AL711919 BU175373 BC069540 BM129796 H55709 CA430261

NM_002309 BE349408 BX099968 BP366214 BQ691666 CD614554 CB217076 BM561741

BU197122 X13967 AI889752 BE733152 AW571472 BF125116 AI570795 CO249535

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

LIF expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: GCCTTGGGTG

About this image

LIF expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

4 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Early Embryo (Zygote)

Morula

8-Cell Embryo

Early Embryo

Early Embryo (Zygote)

Morula

Morula Cells

Early Embryo

Early Embryo (Zygote)

Zygote

Early Embryo

Adipose

Visceral White Adipose

Visceral White Preadipocytes

Adipose

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell

Name

Category

PureStem™ progenitor F15 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

See LIF Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for LIF

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.2250

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including LIF (see all 10):

Neurogenesis in human mouse rat

Growth Factors in human mouse rat

Stem Cell Transcription Factors in human mouse rat

Interferons & Receptors in human mouse rat

Inflammatory Response & Autoimmunity 384HT in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for LIF Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat LIF
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat LIF
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat LIF

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for LIF

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for LIF gene from 2/8 species (see all 8) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Lif^{1 , 5}	leukemia inhibitory factor^{1, 5}	81.19(n)¹ 80.2(a)¹		11 (2.94 cM)⁵ 16878¹ NM_008501.2¹ NP_032527.1¹ 4257557⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	LIF¹	leukemia inhibitory factor (cholinergic differentiation more	59.62(n) 43.3(a)		427718 XM_425293.3 XP_425293.3

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for LIF (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for LIF (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 22 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs5763908^1,2	F,	--	13597786(+)	`acctcC/Ttggga`	2	--	ds500¹		1		EA	120
rs60101377^1,2	C,	--	13597969(+)	`ACAGGA/TGTGAC`	2	--	ds500¹		2		WA	120
rs77880777^1,2		--	13598236(+)	`GTAGAA/TTCTTT`	2	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs9606706^1,2	C,F,	--	13598490(+)	`GATGCC/G/TGGGAT`	4	--	ut3¹ ese³		4		NA CSA EA	243
rs116560585^1,2	C,F,	--	13599124(+)	`TTCTCG/AAAGCC`	2	--	ut3¹		1		WA	118
rs12160405^1,2	F,	--	13599327(+)	`TGCACA/GCTGCC`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		1		WA	118
rs76503613^1,2	C,	--	13599500(+)	`AACTCT/GGCTGC`	2	--	ut3¹		2		WA	120
rs11913927^1,2	C,H,	--	13599607(+)	`ACATGA/GGTGGG`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		0	--	--	--	--
rs73881421^1,2	C,	--	13600254(+)	`GTGTCG/AGGAGC`	2	--	ut3¹		2		WA	120
rs8136774^1,2	C,F,	--	13600444(+)	`TTGCCC/TTGGGG`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		5		NA CSA WA	244

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for LIF (30636436 - 30642840 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for LIF: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): LIF

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

LIF for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 159540    OMIM disorders: --

20/129 diseases for LIF (see all 129):    About MalaCards

leukemia myeloid leukemia acth-secreting pituitary adenoma langerhans-cell histiocytosis

disseminated intravascular coagulation skeletal muscle regeneration stachybotrys chartarum subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder pituitary adenoma plasmodium falciparum malaria

allergic contact dermatitis contact dermatitis complement deficiency pre-eclampsia

status epilepticus ectopic pregnancy motor neuron disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for LIF:

Cancer Infertility

10/91 Novoseek disease relationships for LIF gene (see all 91) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
leukemia	94.9	2672	10212267 (7), 9822513 (7), 8987949 (7), 18240017 (6) (see all 99)
necrosis	54.1	147	8313662 (2), 8137298 (2), 7760346 (2), 16477612 (2) (see all 99)
myeloid leukemia	52.3	20	1908551 (2), 8564713 (1), 8462021 (1), 8632998 (1) (see all 13)
miscarriage recurrent	52.1	18	16126674 (3), 9734394 (3), 17034864 (1), 17156190 (1) (see all 8)
abortion inevitable	51.5	20	16640878 (4), 11930689 (3)
response acute phase	51	11	1714773 (2), 1281789 (1), 12773095 (1), 1718962 (1) (see all 9)
neuroepithelioma	46.4	5	7622421 (1), 8765417 (1), 14647442 (1)
complement deficiency	44.8	1	7660072 (1)
infertility	43.2	57	9506211 (4), 14687743 (4), 19545488 (4), 11783352 (3) (see all 26)
choriocarcinoma	42.7	6	16125646 (1), 8833034 (1), 12606473 (1), 15837065 (1) (see all 5)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): LIF
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: LIF (25 documents)
Tumor Gene Database (TGDB): LIF

Export disorders for LIF gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for LIF gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 1204):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with LIF)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

An unusual cytokine:Ig-domain interaction revealed in the crystal structure of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in complex with the LIF receptor. (PubMed id 17652170)^{1, 2, 9} Huyton T....Garrett T.P. (2007)
Convergent mechanisms for recognition of divergent cytokines by the shared signaling receptor gp130. (PubMed id 14527405)^{1, 2, 9} Boulanger M.J.... Garcia K.C. (2003)
Neuropoietic cytokines in the hematopoietic fold. (PubMed id 1714745)^{1, 3, 9} Bazan J.F. (1991)
No association of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) DNA polymorphisms with multiple sclerosis. (PubMed id 16263181)^{1, 4, 9} Vanderlocht J....Hellings N. (2006)
Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis among four novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) gene. (PubMed id 11587067)^{1, 4, 9} Ishida R....Emi M. (2001)
Transcriptome characterization elucidates signaling networks that control human ES cell growth and differentiation. (PubMed id 15146197)^{1, 2} Brandenberger R.... Stanton L.W. (2004)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. (PubMed id 10591208)^{1, 2} Dunham I....O'Brien K.P. (1999)
Leukemia inhibitory factor, a cytokine at the interface between neurobiology and immunology. (PubMed id 8058719)^{1, 3} Patterson P.H. (1994)
Glycosylation pattern and disulfide assignments of recombinant human differentiation-stimulating factor. (PubMed id 8489250)^{1, 2} Schmelzer C.H....Burton L.E. (1993)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 3976	HGNC: 6596	AceView: LIF	Ensembl:ENSG00000128342	euGenes: HUgn3976
ECgene: LIF	Kegg: 3976	H-InvDB: LIF

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for LIF	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for LIF	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukemia_inhibitory_factor

Intellectual Property for LIF gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for LIF gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving LIF

GeneCards and IP:
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leukemia inhibitory factor

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