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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

LCK Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 76
GCID: GC01P032716

lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase
 Explore 57 diseases affiliated with
LCK via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for LCK    

Aliases
for LCK gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Lymphocyte-Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase1 2     Pp58lck1
Leukocyte C-Terminal Src Kinase2 3     Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase LCK2
Lymphocyte Cell-Specific Protein-Tyrosine Kinase2 3     T-Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase P56lck2
T Cell-Specific Protein-Tyrosine Kinase2 3     Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Lck2
LSK2 3     P56-LCK1
EC 2.7.10.23 8     Protein YT163
YT162     Proto-Oncogene Lck3
P56(LSTRA) Protein-Tyrosine Kinase2     EC 2.7.108
P56lck1     

External Ids:    HGNC: 65241   Entrez Gene: 39322   Ensembl: ENSG000001828667   OMIM: 1533905   UniProtKB: P062393   

Export aliases for LCK gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC01U990096 GC01P032143 GC01P032219 GC01P032386 GC01P032489 GC01P030833


Summaries
for LCK gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for LCK:
This gene is a member of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). The encoded protein is a key signaling
molecule in the selection and maturation of developing T-cells. It contains N-terminal sites for myristylation and
palmitylation, a PTK domain, and SH2 and SH3 domains which are involved in mediating protein-protein interactions with
phosphotyrosine-containing and proline-rich motifs, respectively. The protein localizes to the plasma membrane and
pericentrosomal vesicles, and binds to cell surface receptors, including CD4 and CD8, and other signaling molecules.
Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been described. (provided by RefSeq, Jul
2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LCK_HUMAN, P06239
Function: Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the selection and maturation of
developing T-cells in the thymus and in the function of mature T-cells. Plays a key role in T-cell antigen receptor
(TCR)-linked signal transduction pathways. Constitutively associated with the cytoplasmic portions of the CD4 and CD8
surface receptors. Association of the TCR with a peptide antigen-bound MHC complex facilitates the interaction of CD4
and CD8 with MHC class II and class I molecules, respectively, thereby recruiting the associated LCK protein to the
vicinity of the TCR/CD3 complex. LCK then phosphorylates tyrosines residues within the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based
activation motifs (ITAM) of the cytoplasmic tails of the TCR-gamma chains and CD3 subunits, initiating the TCR/CD3
signaling pathway. Once stimulated, the TCR recruits the tyrosine kinase ZAP70, that becomes phosphorylated and
activated by LCK. Following this, a large number of signaling molecules are recruited, ultimately leading to
lymphokine production. LCK also contributes to signaling by other receptor molecules. Associates directly with the
cytoplasmic tail of CD2, which leads to hyperphosphorylation and activation of LCK. Also plays a role in the IL2
receptor-linked signaling pathway that controls the T-cell proliferative response. Binding of IL2 to its receptor
results in increased activity of LCK. Is expressed at all stages of thymocyte development and is required for the
regulation of maturation events that are governed by both pre-TCR and mature alpha beta TCR. Phosphorylates other
substrates including RUNX3, PTK2B/PYK2, the microtubule-associated protein MAPT, RHOH or TYROBP

summary for LCK:
Src kinases consist of eight non-receptor tyrosine kinases (Src, Fyn, Yes, Lck, Lyn, Hck, Fgr and Blk) that
interact with the intracellular domains of growth factor/cytokine receptors, GPCRs and integrins. Members of
the Src kinase family have a very similar domain structure with a high degree of homology in the SH1
(catalytic), linker, SH2 (p-Tyr binding), SH3 (protein-protein interaction) and SH4 (membrane association)
domains. c-Src, Fyn and Yes are ubiquitously expressed, although high levels of c-Src are found in
platelets, neural tissue and osteoclasts. For c-Src, autophosphorylation of Tyr418 and dephosphorylation of
Tyr530 is required to switch the kinase from the inactive closed formation to the active open formation.
c-Src can be inactivated by two kinases, c-Src kinase (CSK) and CSK homologous kinase (CHK), both of which
phosphorylate Tyr530 of c-Src. The activity of the Src kinase family can also be regulated by phosphatases
(e.g. SHP1), binding to adaptor proteins (e.g. Cbp) and proteasomal degradation. Src kinases are key
upstream mediators of both the PI 3-K and MAPK signaling pathways, and have been shown to have important
roles in cell proliferation, migration and survival.

Gene Wiki entry for LCK (Lck)


Genomic Views
for LCK gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000001.10  NC_018912.1  NT_032977.9  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the LCK gene promoter:
         STAT1   Sp1   AP-1   AML1a   STAT3   STAT1alpha   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): LCK promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for LCK

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat LCK


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1p34.3   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  1p35.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 1p34.3

LCK Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
LCK gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 1         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01P032716:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 32,716,840 bp from pter      End:
 32,751,766 bp from pter
Size:
 34,927 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for LCK gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LCK_HUMAN, P06239 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck  
Size: 509 amino acids; 58001 Da
Subunit: Binds to the cytoplasmic domain of cell surface receptors, such as AXL, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD44, CD45 and
CD122. Also binds to effector molecules, such as PI4K, VAV1, RASA1, FYB and to other protein kinases including CDK1,
RAF1, ZAP70 and SYK. Binds to phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) from T-lymphocytes through its SH3 domain and to
the tyrosine phosphorylated form of KHDRBS1/p70 through its SH2 domain. Binds to HIV-1 Nef through its SH3 domain.
This interaction inhibits its tyrosine-kinase activity. Interacts with SQSTM1. Interacts with phosphorylated LIME1.
Interacts with CBLB and PTPRH. Interacts with RUNX3. Forms a signaling complex with EPHA1, PTK2B AND PI3-KINASE; upon
activation by EFNA1 which may regulate T-lymphocyte migration. Associates with ZAP70 and RHOH; these interactions
allow LCK-mediated RHOH and CD3 subunit phosphorylation in the presence of functional ZAP70
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. Note=Present in lipid rafts in an
inactive form
Mass spectrometry: Mass=57869.42; Method=MALDI; Range=2-509; Source=PubMed:11840567;
Sequence caution: Sequence=CAI22320.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended;
Sequence=CAI22321.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended;
6/51 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for LCK (see all 51):
1BHF (3D)        1BHH (3D)        1CWD (3D)        1CWE (3D)        1FBZ (3D)        1H92 (3D)    
Secondary accessions: D3DPP8 P07100 Q12850 Q13152 Q5TDH8 Q5TDH9 Q7RTZ3 Q96DW4 Q9NYT8
Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms:  P06239-1   P06239-2   P06239-3   (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for LCK: NX_P06239

Post-translational modifications:

  • Autophosphorylated on Tyr-394, increasing enzymatic activity, this site is dephosphorylated by PTN22. Phosphorylated on
    • Tyr-505 by CSK, decreasing activity. Dephosphorylated by PTPRC/CD451
  • Myristoylation is required prior to palmitoylation (By similarity)1
  • Palmitoylation regulates subcellular location (By similarity)1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P06239

    • 4/36 DME Specific Peptides for LCK (P06239) (see all 36)
     LSVRDFD  KWTAPEA  EIVTHGR  DMAAQIA 

    LCK Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001036236.1  NP_005347.3  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000337825   ENSP00000431517   ENSP00000435605   ENSP00000434525   ENSP00000362663  
     ENSP00000436554   ENSP00000362658   ENSP00000328213   ENSP00000362665  
    Reactome Protein details: P06239
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
    EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant LCK Protein
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for LCK
    Enzo Life Sciences proteins for LCK
    OriGene Purified Protein: LCK
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate (see all 3): LCK
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for LCK 
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for LCK
    Novus Biologicals LCK Proteins
    Novus Biologicals LCK Lysates
    Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for LCK
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for LCK

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000242pericentriolar material ISS--
    GO:0001772immunological synapse IDA--
    GO:0005794Golgi apparatus ----
    GO:0005829cytosol TAS--
    GO:0005886plasma membrane TAS--


    LCK for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    LCK Antibody Products: 
    EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of LCK
    R&D Systems Antibodies for LCK
    Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for LCK 
    OriGene Antibodies (see all 2): LCK
    OriGene Custom Antibody Services for LCK 
    GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for LCK
    Novus Biologicals LCK Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for LCK 
    Uscn Antibodies for LCK
    ThermoFisher Antibody for LCK

    Assay Products for LCK: 
    EMD Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of LCK
    OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development
    Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
    R&D Systems Multiplex/Array Assay Kits & Reagents for LCK
    GenScript LCK-Activity-based Kinase Assay for Compound Screening
    Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Sandwich ELISA Kits for LCK
    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for LCK

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for LCK gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    LCK for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/8 InterPro domains/families (see all 8):
     IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS
     IPR011009 Kinase-like_dom
     IPR001452 SH3_domain
     IPR000719 Prot_kinase_cat_dom
     IPR001245 Ser-Thr/Tyr_kinase_cat_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P06239

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P06239

    3 Blocks protein families:
    IPB000980 SH2 domain signature
    IPB001452 SH3 domain signature
    IPB008266 Tyrosine protein kinase


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LCK_HUMAN, P06239
    Domain: The SH2 domain mediates interaction with SQSTM1. Interaction is regulated by Ser-59 phosphorylation
    Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SRC subfamily
    Similarity: Contains 1 protein kinase domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 SH2 domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 SH3 domain


    Function
    for LCK gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LCK_HUMAN, P06239
    Function: Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the selection and maturation of
    developing T-cells in the thymus and in the function of mature T-cells. Plays a key role in T-cell antigen receptor
    (TCR)-linked signal transduction pathways. Constitutively associated with the cytoplasmic portions of the CD4 and CD8
    surface receptors. Association of the TCR with a peptide antigen-bound MHC complex facilitates the interaction of CD4
    and CD8 with MHC class II and class I molecules, respectively, thereby recruiting the associated LCK protein to the
    vicinity of the TCR/CD3 complex. LCK then phosphorylates tyrosines residues within the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based
    activation motifs (ITAM) of the cytoplasmic tails of the TCR-gamma chains and CD3 subunits, initiating the TCR/CD3
    signaling pathway. Once stimulated, the TCR recruits the tyrosine kinase ZAP70, that becomes phosphorylated and
    activated by LCK. Following this, a large number of signaling molecules are recruited, ultimately leading to
    lymphokine production. LCK also contributes to signaling by other receptor molecules. Associates directly with the
    cytoplasmic tail of CD2, which leads to hyperphosphorylation and activation of LCK. Also plays a role in the IL2
    receptor-linked signaling pathway that controls the T-cell proliferative response. Binding of IL2 to its receptor
    results in increased activity of LCK. Is expressed at all stages of thymocyte development and is required for the
    regulation of maturation events that are governed by both pre-TCR and mature alpha beta TCR. Phosphorylates other
    substrates including RUNX3, PTK2B/PYK2, the microtubule-associated protein MAPT, RHOH or TYROBP
    Catalytic activity: ATP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine = ADP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine phosphate
    Enzyme regulation: The relative activities of the inhibitory tyrosine-protein kinase CSK and the activating
    tyrosine-protein phosphatase PTPRC/CD45 determine the level of LCK activity. These interactions allow rapid and
    efficient activation of LCK in response to TCR stimulation

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for LCK:
    breakpoint in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with translocations t(1;7)(p34;q34)

    Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 2.7.10.21 2 EC 2.7.102

    miRNA
    Products:            		 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): LCK
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat LCK
    2 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate LCK:
    hsa-miR-202 hsa-miR-4257
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: LCK 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for LCK (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: LCK
    OriGene siRNA: LCK
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat LCK

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for LCK

    Clone
    Products:             		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for LCK (see all 6)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for LCK (see all 4)
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): LCK (NM_005356)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for LCK
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for LCK
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat LCK 

    Cell Line
    Products:             		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for LCK
    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for LCK

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for LCK

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/15 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 15):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001948glycoprotein binding IPI8650207
    GO:0003823antigen binding IEA--
    GO:0004713protein tyrosine kinase activity TAS--
    GO:0004715non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity IEA--
    GO:0004722protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity ISS--


    LCK for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for LCK:
     Decreased substrate adherent c  Increased apoptosis  Increased cell death HMECs cel 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for LCK: Lcktm1Mak Lcktm1.1Litt
         5 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 5 alleles) (MGI details for Lck):
     cellular  embryogenesis  hematopoietic system  immune system  reproductive system 

    LCK for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for LCK gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/69 super-pathways (see all 69) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Signaling by FGFR
    8/12 pathways (see all 12)
    		Signaling by FGFR1.00
    		DAP12 signaling0.83
    		Downstream signaling of activated FGFR0.92
    		Signaling by EGFR in Cancer0.83
    		Signaling by FGFR in disease0.91
    		DAP12 interactions0.76
    		Signaling by ERBB20.89
    		Signaling by PDGF0.72
    2PIP3 activates AKT signaling
    8/10 pathways (see all 10)
    		PI-3K cascade1.00
    		PI3K/AKT activation0.97
    		PIP3 activates AKT signaling1.00
    		GAB1 signalosome0.96
    		PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer1.00
    		Constitutive PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer0.88
    		PI3K events in ERBB2 signaling1.00
    		Signaling by SCF-KIT0.72
    3CD28 co-stimulation
    		CD28 co-stimulation1.00
    		CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway0.38
    		CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling0.66
    		CTLA4 Signaling0.15
    		Costimulation by the CD28 family0.41
    4G-protein signaling K-RAS regulation pathway
    		G-protein signaling K-RAS regulation pathway1.00
    		G-protein signaling_H-RAS regulation pathway0.27
    		G-protein signaling_K-RAS regulation pathway0.96
    		G-protein signaling H-RAS regulation pathway0.27
    5Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse
    		Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse1.00
    		PD-1 signaling0.76
    		Phosphorylation of CD3 and TCR zeta chains0.85
    		Generation of second messenger molecules0.64

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    5/15 EMD Millipore Pathways for LCK (see all 15)
        Chemotaxis CXCR4 signaling pathway
    Immune response CD16 signaling in NK cells
    Immune response Role of DAP12 receptors in NK cells
    G-protein signaling M-RAS regulation pathway
    G-protein signaling TC21 regulation pathway

    5/14 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for LCK (see all 14)
        Calcium Mediated T-Cell Apoptosis
    ICos-ICosL Pathway in T-Helper Cell
    Rap1 Pathway
    CD28 Signaling in T-Helper Cell
    IL-2 Pathway

    3 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathways for LCK
        MAP Kinase Signaling
    Lymphocyte Signaling
    Tyrosine Kinases / Adaptors

    5/15 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for LCK (see all 15)
        G-protein signaling H-RAS regulation pathway
    G-protein signaling M-RAS regulation pathway
    Immune response CD28 signaling
    Immune response CD16 signaling in NK cells
    G-protein signaling N-RAS regulation pathway

    5/25 BioSystems Pathways for LCK (see all 25) 
        IL-3 Signaling Pathway
    Id Signaling Pathway
    IL-4 signaling Pathway
    IL-2 Signaling Pathway
    Delta-Notch Signaling Pathway

    5/57        Reactome Pathways for LCK (see all 57)
        CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway
    Costimulation by the CD28 family
    Signaling by EGFR in Cancer
    Nef Mediated CD4 Down-regulation
    Downstream signal transduction


    4         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for LCK):
        Osteoclast differentiation
    Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
    T cell receptor signaling pathway
    Primary immunodeficiency


    LCK for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for LCK

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/289 Interacting proteins for LCK (P062391, 2, 3 ENSP000003378254) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 289)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    SYKP434052, 3, ENSP000003648984MINT-8036452 MINT-8036467 MINT-16945 MINT-8033612 MINT-56730 MINT-8036437 MINT-8033597 MINT-8033582 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000364898
    SH2D2AQ9NP312, 3, ENSP000003571824MINT-7303133 MINT-7303194 MINT-7135547 MINT-7135623 MINT-7303144 MINT-7135538 MINT-7135634 MINT-7135612 MINT-7135817 MINT-7135583 MINT-7303166 I2D: score=6 STRING: ENSP00000357182
    PTPRCP085751, 2, 3, ENSP000003563464EBI-1348,EBI-1341 MINT-8310873 MINT-8310398 MINT-8310416 MINT-8311622 MINT-8310648 I2D: score=7 STRING: ENSP00000356346
    KHDRBS1Q076661, 2, 3, ENSP000003138294EBI-1348,EBI-1364 MINT-3374138 MINT-7212471 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000313829
    PTPN6P293502, 3, ENSP000003915924MINT-8310748 MINT-8310738 MINT-8310762 MINT-8310776 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000391592
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/35 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 35):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006468protein phosphorylation IDA214242
    GO:0006882cellular zinc ion homeostasis ISS--
    GO:0006915apoptotic process ----
    GO:0006917induction of apoptosis ISS--
    GO:0006919activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process ISS--


    LCK for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for LCK gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    LCK for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    EMD Millipore small molecules for LCK:
    Small Molecule - inhibitor
    Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for LCK

    Compounds for LCK available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    PiceatannolInhibits TNF-induced NF-kappaB activation[10083-24-6]
    Damnacanthal Potent, selective inhibitor of p65lck [477-84-9]

    3 HMDB Compounds for LCK    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    ADPadenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)58-64-0--
    Adenosine triphosphate5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)56-65-5--
    PhosphateNFB Orthophosphate (see all 13)14265-44-2--

    10/12 DrugBank Compounds for LCK (see all 12)    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    1-Tert-Butyl-3-(4-Chloro-Phenyl)-1h-Pyrazolo[3,4-D]Pyrimidin-4-Ylamine-- --target--17139284 17016423 10592235
    Dasatinib-- 302962-49-8targetmultitarget20072833 11752352 17154512
    (4-{2-Acetylamino-2-[1-(3-Carbamoyl-4-Cyclohexylmethoxy-Phenyl)-Ethylcarbamoyl}-Ethyl}-2-Phosphono-Phenoxy)-Acetic Acid-- --target--17139284 17016423
    Phosphoaminophosphonic Acid-Adenylate Ester-- --target--17139284 17016423
    Staurosporine-- 62996-74-1target--17139284 17016423
    {4-[2-Acetylamino-2-(3-Carbamoyl-2-Cyclohexylmethoxy-6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5h-Benzocyclohepten-5ylcarbamoyl)-Ethyl]-2-Phosphono-Phenyl}-Phosphonic Acid-- --target--17139284 17016423
    2,3-DIPHENYL-N-(2-PIPERAZIN-1-YLETHYL)FURO[2,3-B]PYRIDIN-4-AMINE-- --target--10592235
    3-(2-AMINOQUINAZOLIN-6-YL)-4-METHYL-N-[3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYL]BENZAMIDE-- --target--10592235
    5,6-DIPHENYL-N-(2-PIPERAZIN-1-YLETHYL)FURO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4-AMINE-- --target--10592235
    N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-5-phenylimidazo[1,5-a]pyrazin-8-amine-- --target--10592235

    10/68 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for LCK gene (see all 68)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    tyrosine 90.7 1050 16154907 (5), 8756658 (4), 1697929 (4), 9225005 (4) (see all 99)
    phosphotyrosine 80 35 8618896 (2), 7539434 (2), 8626636 (2), 12922168 (2) (see all 26)
    herbimycin a 73.6 8 7615501 (1), 9341768 (1), 9207149 (1), 9531565 (1) (see all 7)
    damnacanthal 70 8 7547985 (3), 10050753 (1), 11182374 (1)
    a 201 57.7 2 17123354 (1)
    ara-m 56.7 1 7509083 (1)
    phosphatidylinositol 54.4 25 8845017 (3), 10636929 (1), 11694268 (1), 8096851 (1) (see all 18)
    st-pc 52.6 1 17266559 (1)
    serine 50.7 58 9225005 (3), 1385559 (3), 12589038 (3), 8910336 (3) (see all 34)
    threonine 49.5 19 7547985 (1), 8794306 (1), 10762062 (1), 8887682 (1) (see all 15)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about LCK 

    Transcripts
    for LCK gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for LCK gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001042771.1  NM_005356.3  

    Unigene Cluster for LCK:

    Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase
    Hs.470627  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: BC013200
    13 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000336890(uc001bux.3 uc001bva.3) ENST00000482949 ENST00000495610
    ENST00000355928 ENST00000476457 ENST00000469765 ENST00000461712 ENST00000373562
    ENST00000477031 ENST00000373557 ENST00000333070(uc010ohc.1 uc001buy.3 uc001buz.3)
    ENST00000469956 ENST00000373564

    miRNA
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    2 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate LCK:
    hsa-miR-202 hsa-miR-4257
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: LCK 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for LCK (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: LCK
    OriGene siRNA: LCK
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat LCK
    Clone
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): LCK (NM_005356)
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AF228313.1 AJ865079.1 AK098027.1 AK303073.1 BC013200.1 M36881.1 U07236.1 X04476.1 
    X05027.1 X06369.1 X13529.1 

    19 DOTS entries:

    DT.91672474  DT.91762501  DT.95346527  DT.121325198  DT.121325457  DT.100021868  DT.414928  DT.121325377 
    DT.100749446  DT.121325427  DT.121325430  DT.75198010  DT.100739523  DT.100749445  DT.40106180  DT.91985416 
    DT.100662923  DT.121325197  DT.97804498 

    24/114 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 114):

    AA354022 BI062938 AL558447 BC013200 BI062867 AW084769 BG686106 BQ711028 
    CB115016 AA357039 AA306569 BM918144 BG756739 AA961253 BF128825 CR594236 
    AF228313 BI063930 BI820532 BI062346 BM919471 BM917288 BF129162 AA282059 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/11 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for LCK (see all 11)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c · 1d · 1e ^ 2a · 2b · 2c · 2d ^ 3a · 3b ^ 4a · 4b ^ 5a · 5b · 5c ^ 6a · 6b · 6c ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10a · 10b ^ 11a · 11b ^
    SP1:                                                              -                             -                 -                                             
    SP2:                                -     -     -     -           -                             -                 -                                   -         
    SP3:                                -     -     -     -           -                             -                 -                                   -         
    SP4:                                                              -                             -                 -                 -                 -         
    SP5:                                                                                            -                 -                 -                           

    ExUns: 12 ^ 13 ^ 14a · 14b · 14c
    SP1:                              
    SP2:                              
    SP3:                              
    SP4:                              
    SP5:                              


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for LCK

    Expression
    for LCK gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    LCK expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TATGTCTTGG

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    LCK expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 2 LifeMap Cells 
    NameCategory
    ES04(HES-4) (Embryonic Stem Cell)Early Embryo, Inner Cell Mass
    Line H9 (WA09) (Embryonic Stem Cell)Early Embryo, Inner Cell Mass
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See LCK Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for LCK

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.470627

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LCK_HUMAN, P06239
    Tissue specificity: Expressed specifically in lymphoid cells

        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including LCK: 
              Lung Cancer in human mouse rat
              Apoptosis 384HT in human mouse rat
              T-cell & B-cell Activation in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for LCK

    Orthologs
    for LCK gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for LCK gene from 4/17 species (see all 17)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves LCK1 lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase 80.18(n)
    82.87(a)    		   396460  XM_427615.3  XP_427615.3 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii lck1 lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase 67.68(n)
    71.72(a)    		   414333  NM_001001596.1  NP_001001596.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta Src64B3 ring canal formation protein tyrosine kinase 48(a)   64B12   --
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea src-13 Expression: vulva, anus, mu_bod, pharyngeal
    muscle, more    		 44(a)
    (best of 6)    		   I(1567610-1580076)   --


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for LCK (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for LCK (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for LCK gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for LCK gene
    TEC2  FRK2  BLK2  FGR2  ITK2  LYN2  TXK2  HCK2  
    YES12  PTK62  SRC2  ABL12  FYN2  BMX2  ABL22  SRMS2  
    BTK2  
    18/56 SIMAP similar genes for LCK using alignment to 8 protein entries:     LCK_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):
    BLK    FYN    SRC    YES1    LYN    tec
    HCK    ABL1    FGR    DKFZp686M05208    EPHA2    SH3GL2
    NCK1    c-fgr    NCK2    SLA2    TXK    BTK kinase deficient isoform 4

    LCK for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for LCK gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/622 NCBI SNPs in LCK are shown (see all 622)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 1 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1387149681,2
    		--32714931(+) ACCTCC/TACCTT 2 -- int1 us2k10--------
    rs1871680481,2
    		--32714949(+) CAAGCA/GATTCT 2 -- us2k1 int10--------
    rs1915207851,2
    		--32715071(+) TCTTTC/TGCCCA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs6903751,2
    		A,--32715155(-) tactcG/Aggagg 1 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- A:0.00NA 4
    rs1836321881,2
    		--32715313(+) GGCCTA/GAGCCA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs115760211,2
    		--32715321(+) CCACCG/ATTTAT 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- A:0.01NA 120
    rs1495672191,2
    		--32715450(+) TGAGCA/GCTCAG 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1880443811,2
    		--32715486(+) AGCGCA/GGCAGT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1442531631,2
    		--32715499(+) TTCTAC/TTCTGT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1406935201,2
    		--32715514(+) AGACAA/GGGAGA 1 -- us2k10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for LCK (32716840 - 32751766 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for LCK: --
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): LCK

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing LCK
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for LCK

    Disorders / Diseases
    for LCK gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    LCK for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 153390    OMIM disorders: --

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: LCK_HUMAN, P06239
  • Note=A chromosomal aberration involving LCK is found in leukemias. Translocation t(1;7)(p34;q34) with TCRB

    • 20/57 diseases for LCK (see all 57):    About MalaCards
    scid due to lck deficiency    epidemic pleurodynia    common variable immunodeficiency    human t-cell leukemia virus type 1
    hypersensitivity reaction type ii disease    severe combined immunodeficiency    wiskott-aldrich syndrome    combined immunodeficiency
    lupus erythematosus    burkitt's lymphoma    b-cell lymphomas    lymphopenia
    systemic lupus erythematosus    acute lymphoblastic leukemia    rheumatoid arthritis    chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    hepatitis c    lymphoblastic leukemia    herpes simplex    fanconi's anemia

    2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for LCK:
    Lymphoma     Leukemia

    10/50 Novoseek disease relationships for LCK gene (see all 50)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    leukemia t-cell 65 25 2116390 (2), 8139546 (2), 9032329 (2), 2384277 (2) (see all 13)
    immunodeficiency 34.3 16 1535787 (2), 11351273 (1), 15976924 (1), 8794306 (1) (see all 13)
    thymoma 29.9 4 7997241 (1), 14688799 (1), 15634634 (1)
    t-all 23.1 3 1663780 (1), 1680958 (1), 12542476 (1)
    lymphoma t-cell 22.4 2 2285146 (1), 15513966 (1)
    autoimmune diseases 19.9 6 19267483 (1), 11717807 (1), 17082661 (1), 16673863 (1)
    hematopoietic malignancies 16.3 3 8712692 (1), 8086341 (1)
    leukemia 7.33 5 7506428 (1), 20185581 (1), 18314490 (1), 7997241 (1)
    asthma 5.58 2 18683785 (1), 18537718 (1)
    metastasis 5.08 7 8869106 (2), 11180095 (2), 11668504 (1), 15634634 (1)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): LCK
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: LCK (4 documents)
    Tumor Gene Database (TGDB): LCK

    Export disorders for LCK gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for LCK gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for LCK gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 1042):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with LCK)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. No association between lck gene polymorphisms and protein level in type 1 diabetes. (PubMed id 12401726)1, 2, 4 Nervi S.... Vialettes B. (2002)
    2. Structure of the two promoters of the human lck gene: differential accumulation of two classes of lck transcripts in T cells. (PubMed id 2787474)1, 2, 3 Takadera T.... Mak T.W. (1989)
    3. Oncogenic activation of the Lck protein accompanies translocation of the LCK gene in the human HSB2 T-cell leukemia. (PubMed id 8139546)1, 2, 9 Wright D.D.... Kamps M.P. (1994)
    4. Identification of substrates of human protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22. (PubMed id 16461343)1, 2, 9 Wu J....Clark J.M. (2006)
    5. Intracellular signaling of the Ufo/Axl receptor tyrosine kinase is mediated mainly by a multi-substrate docking-site. (PubMed id 9178760)1, 2, 9 Braunger J....Janssen J.W. (1997)
    6. p70 phosphorylation and binding to p56lck is an early event in interleukin-2-induced onset of cell cycle progression in T- lymphocytes. (PubMed id 7852312)1, 2, 9 Vogel L.B. and Fujita D.J. (1995)
    7. Interaction of SAP-1, a transmembrane-type protein-tyrosine phosphatase, with the tyrosine kinase Lck. Roles in regulation of T cell function. (PubMed id 12837766)1, 2, 9 Ito T.... Matozaki T. (2003)
    8. Phosphotyrosine-independent binding of a 62-kDa protein to the src homology 2 (SH2) domain of p56lck and its regulation by phosphorylation of Ser-59 in the lck unique N-terminal region. (PubMed id 8618896)1, 2, 9 Park I.... Shin J. (1995)
    9. Structural basis for activation of human lymphocyte kinase Lck upon tyrosine phosphorylation. (PubMed id 8945479)1, 2, 9 Yamaguchi H. and Hendrickson W.A. (1996)
    10. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef binds directly to LCK and mitogen-activated protein kinase, inhibiting kinase activity. (PubMed id 8794306)1, 2, 9 Greenway A.L.... McPhee D.A. (1996)

    External Searches for LCK gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing LCK gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 3932 HGNC: 6524 AceView: LCK Ensembl:ENSG00000182866 euGenes: HUgn3932
    ECgene: LCK Kegg: 3932 H-InvDB: LCK

    Other Databases showing LCK gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing LCK gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for LCK Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for LCK Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lck

    Intellectual Property
    for LCK gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for LCK gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving LCK

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    Products
    for LCK gene

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    In Situ Hybridization Assays from
    Advanced Cell Diagnostics
    About This Section

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