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KREMEN2 Gene(Protein Coding)

Kringle Containing Transmembrane Protein 2

GCID:
GC16P002963
GIFtS:
54
Genes Participants
UDN Logo

Aliases for KREMEN2 Gene

Aliases for KREMEN2 Gene

  • Kringle Containing Transmembrane Protein 2 2 3 5
  • Kringle-Containing Protein Marking The Eye And The Nose 3 4
  • Kringle Domain-Containing Transmembrane Protein 2 3 4
  • Dickkopf Receptor 2 3 4
  • KRM2 3 4

External Ids for KREMEN2 Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for KREMEN2 Gene

  • GC16P003034
  • GC16P003014
  • GC16P002954
  • GC16P002986

Summaries for KREMEN2 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for KREMEN2 Gene

  • This gene encodes a high-affinity dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1) transmembrane receptor. A similar protein in mouse functions interacts with with DKK1 to block wingless (WNT)/beta-catenin signaling. The encoded protein forms a ternary membrane complex with DKK1 and the WNT receptor lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), and induces rapid endocytosis and removal of LRP6 from the plasma membrane. It contains extracellular kringle, WSC, and CUB domains. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

GeneCards Summary for KREMEN2 Gene

KREMEN2 (Kringle Containing Transmembrane Protein 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are WNT Signaling and Infectious disease. An important paralog of this gene is KREMEN1.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for KREMEN2 Gene

  • Receptor for Dickkopf protein. Cooperates with Dickkopf to block Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Forms a ternary complex with Dkk1 and LRP6 and induces rapid endocytosis and removal of the Wnt receptor LRP6 from the plasma membrane (By similarity).

No data available for Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for KREMEN2 Gene

Genomics for KREMEN2 Gene

Products:

  1. Regulatory Element

Regulatory Elements for KREMEN2 Gene

Enhancers for KREMEN2 Gene
GeneHancer Identifier Score Enhancer Sources TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer Other Gene Targets for Enhancer

Enhancers around KREMEN2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Promoters for KREMEN2 Gene
Ensembl Regulatory Elements (ENSRs) TSS Distance (bp) Size (bp) Binding Sites for Transcription Factors within promoters

ENSRs around KREMEN2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the KREMEN2 gene promoter:

Genomic Location for KREMEN2 Gene

Chromosome:
16
Start:
2,963,944 bp from pter
End:
2,968,383 bp from pter
Size:
4,440 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

Genomic View for KREMEN2 Gene

Genes around KREMEN2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
KREMEN2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for KREMEN2 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for KREMEN2 Gene

Proteins for KREMEN2 Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for KREMEN2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    Q8NCW0-KREM2_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Kremen protein 2
    Protein Accession:
    Q8NCW0
    Secondary Accessions:
    • B4DXF6
    • I3L2S2
    • Q8N2J4
    • Q8NCW1
    • Q96GL8
    • Q9BTP9

    Protein attributes for KREMEN2 Gene

    Size:
    462 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    48849 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • Interacts with ERLEC1.

    Alternative splice isoforms for KREMEN2 Gene

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

neXtProt entry for KREMEN2 Gene

Proteomics data for KREMEN2 Gene at MOPED

Protein Expression for KREMEN2 Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Post-translational modifications for KREMEN2 Gene

  • Glycosylation at Asn 49, Asn 222, Asn 244, and Asn 351
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

Other Protein References for KREMEN2 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Antibody Products

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for KREMEN2 Gene

Domains & Families for KREMEN2 Gene

Protein Domains for KREMEN2 Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for KREMEN2 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

Q8NCW0

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

KREM2_HUMAN :
  • Binding to ERLEC1 is mediated by the oligosaccharides linked to the kringle domain.
Domain:
  • Binding to ERLEC1 is mediated by the oligosaccharides linked to the kringle domain.
  • Contains 1 CUB domain.
  • Contains 1 kringle domain.
  • Contains 1 WSC domain.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with KREMEN2: view

No data available for Gene Families for KREMEN2 Gene

Function for KREMEN2 Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line
  7. Flow Cytometry

Molecular function for KREMEN2 Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Receptor for Dickkopf protein. Cooperates with Dickkopf to block Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Forms a ternary complex with Dkk1 and LRP6 and induces rapid endocytosis and removal of the Wnt receptor LRP6 from the plasma membrane (By similarity).

Phenotypes for KREMEN2 Gene

MGI mutant phenotypes for KREMEN2:
inferred from 1 alleles
GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for KREMEN2:
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with KREMEN2: view

Animal Models for KREMEN2 Gene

MGI Knock Outs for KREMEN2:

Animal Model Products

  • Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for KREMEN2

miRNA for KREMEN2 Gene

miRTarBase miRNAs that target KREMEN2

Inhibitory RNA Products

Flow Cytometry Products

No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for KREMEN2 Gene

Localization for KREMEN2 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for KREMEN2 Gene

Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Jensen Localization Image for KREMEN2 Gene COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for KREMEN2 gene
Compartment Confidence
plasma membrane 5
endosome 4
extracellular 3
nucleus 2
cytosol 1

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for KREMEN2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005886 plasma membrane TAS --
GO:0016021 integral component of membrane IEA --
GO:0031901 early endosome membrane TAS --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with KREMEN2: view

Pathways & Interactions for KREMEN2 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with KREMEN2: view

SIGNOR curated interactions for KREMEN2 Gene

Inactivates:
Is activated by:

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for KREMEN2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0090090 negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway TAS --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with KREMEN2: view

Drugs & Compounds for KREMEN2 Gene

Products:

  1. Drug
No Compound Related Data Available

Transcripts for KREMEN2 Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone
  5. Flow Cytometry

mRNA/cDNA for KREMEN2 Gene

(6) REFSEQ mRNAs :
(10) Additional mRNA sequences :
(87) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
(6) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :

Unigene Clusters for KREMEN2 Gene

Kringle containing transmembrane protein 2:
Representative Sequences:

Inhibitory RNA Products

Flow Cytometry Products

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for KREMEN2 Gene

ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c · 1d ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8a · 8b ^ 9
SP1: - - -
SP2: - -
SP3:
SP4:

Relevant External Links for KREMEN2 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
KREMEN2
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for
KREMEN2

Expression for KREMEN2 Gene

Products:

  1. Primer

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for KREMEN2 Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for KREMEN2 Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for KREMEN2 GenemRNA expression by GTEx for KREMEN2 Gene

mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for KREMEN2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Skin - Not Sun Exposed (Suprapubic) (x9.4), Skin - Sun Exposed (Lower leg) (x7.5), and Esophagus - Mucosa (x4.1).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for KREMEN2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (69.0).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for KREMEN2 Gene



SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for KREMEN2 Gene Hs.661128

genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with KREMEN2: view

Protein tissue co-expression partners for KREMEN2 Gene

Primer Products

No data available for mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for KREMEN2 Gene

Orthologs for KREMEN2 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for KREMEN2 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia KREMEN2 35
  • 90.15 (n)
  • 91.73 (a)
KREMEN2 36
  • 90 (a)
 OneToOne
mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Kremen2 35
  • 84.12 (n)
  • 88.26 (a)
Kremen2 16
Kremen2 36
  • 88 (a)
 OneToOne
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Kremen2 35
  • 84.27 (n)
  • 88.03 (a)
cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia KREMEN2 36
  • 72 (a)
 OneToOne
platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia KREMEN2 36
  • 76 (a)
 OneToOne
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia KREMEN2 36
  • 99 (a)
 OneToOne
lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia KREMEN2 36
  • 47 (a)
 OneToOne
Species with no ortholog for KREMEN2:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • chicken (Gallus gallus)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
  • green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • honey bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
  • malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • oppossum (Monodelphis domestica)
  • orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • pig (Sus scrofa)
  • rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • rice (Oryza sativa)
  • rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • soybean (Glycine max)
  • stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
  • wheat (Triticum aestivum)
  • worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
  • zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Evolution for KREMEN2 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for KREMEN2 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for KREMEN2 (if available)

Paralogs for KREMEN2 Gene

Paralogs for KREMEN2 Gene

(3) SIMAP similar genes for KREMEN2 Gene using alignment to 1 proteins:

genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with KREMEN2: view

Variants for KREMEN2 Gene

Sequence variations from dbSNP and Humsavar for KREMEN2 Gene

SNP ID Clin Chr 16 pos Sequence Context AA Info Type
VAR_059691 -
rs4293386 -- 2,965,262(+) GAGCT(C/T)CAGTT intron-variant
rs731720 -- 2,962,308(+) TCCCC(C/T)CTCGC upstream-variant-2KB
rs731721 -- 2,962,330(+) AGGGC(A/T)GACAT upstream-variant-2KB
rs731722 -- 2,962,383(+) GGTGG(A/G)GGGTG upstream-variant-2KB

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for KREMEN2 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
nsv905162 CNV Gain 21882294
nsv905170 CNV Loss 21882294
dgv2575n71 CNV Loss 21882294
dgv2576n71 CNV Loss 21882294
nsv509588 CNV Insertion 20534489
nsv510673 CNV Loss 20534489
nsv905185 CNV Loss 21882294
dgv2577n71 CNV Loss 21882294
nsv433167 CNV Loss 18776910
dgv2578n71 CNV Loss 21882294
nsv827525 CNV Gain 20364138

Variation tolerance for KREMEN2 Gene

Gene Damage Index Score: 11.58; 93.06% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Relevant External Links for KREMEN2 Gene

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report
KREMEN2

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for KREMEN2 Gene

Disorders for KREMEN2 Gene

Relevant External Links for KREMEN2

Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology:
KREMEN2

No disorders were found for KREMEN2 Gene.

No data available for MalaCards , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for KREMEN2 Gene

Publications for KREMEN2 Gene

  1. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PMID: 15489334) Gerhard D.S. … Malek J. (Genome Res. 2004) 3 4 67
  2. Kremen proteins are Dickkopf receptors that regulate Wnt/beta-catenin signalling. (PMID: 12050670) Mao B. … Niehrs C. (Nature 2002) 2 3
  3. Differential expression of DKK-1 binding receptors on stromal cells and myeloma cells results in their distinct response to secreted DKK-1 in myeloma. (PMID: 20846389) Dun X. … Hou J. (Mol. Cancer 2010) 3
  4. A cell-based Dkk1 binding assay reveals roles for extracellular domains of LRP5 in Dkk1 interaction and highlights differences between wild-type and the high bone mass mutant LRP5(G171V). (PMID: 19746449) Murrills R.J. … Bodine P.V. (J. Cell. Biochem. 2009) 23
  5. Transcriptional silencing of Dickkopf gene family by CpG island hypermethylation in human gastrointestinal cancer. (PMID: 18461655) Maehata T. … Itoh F. (World J. Gastroenterol. 2008) 23

Products for KREMEN2 Gene

Sources for KREMEN2 Gene

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