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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

IL16 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 59
GCID: GC15P081489

interleukin 16

(Previous name: interleukin 16 (lymphocyte chemoattractant factor) )

Explore 92 diseases affiliated with
IL16 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Interleukin 16¹ ²		Interleukin 16 (Lymphocyte Chemoattractant Factor)¹
LCF¹ ² ⁵		NIL16²
PrIL-16¹		PRIL16²
FLJ16806¹		Lymphocyte Chemoattractant Factor²
FLJ42735¹		Neuronal Interleukin 16²
HsT19289¹		Pro-Interleukin-16¹
IL-16¹		Prointerleukin 16²

External Ids:	HGNC: 5980¹	Entrez Gene: 3603²	Ensembl: ENSG00000172349⁷	OMIM: 603035⁵	UniProtKB: Q14005³

Export aliases for IL16 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC15P077545 GC15P074632 GC15P079051 GC15P079190 GC15P079262 GC15P079276 GC15P058247

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for IL16:

The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine that functions as a chemoattractant, a modulator of T cell

activation, and an inhibitor of HIV replication. The signaling process of this cytokine is mediated by CD4. The

product of this gene undergoes proteolytic processing, which is found to yield two functional proteins. The cytokine

function is exclusively attributed to the secreted C-terminal peptide, while the N-terminal product may play a role in

cell cycle control. Caspase 3 is reported to be involved in the proteolytic processing of this protein. Alternate

splicing results in multiple transcript variants. (provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL16_HUMAN, Q14005

Function: Interleukin-16 stimulates a migratory response in CD4+ lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. Primes CD4+

T-cells for IL-2 and IL-15 responsiveness. Also induces T-lymphocyte expression of interleukin 2 receptor. Ligand for

CD4

Function: Isoform 1 may act as a scaffolding protein that anchors ion channels in the membrane

Function: Isoform 3 is involved in cell cycle progression in T-cells. Appears to be involved in transcriptional

regulation of SKP2 and is probably part of a transcriptional repression complex on the core promoter of the SKP2 gene.

May act as a scaffold for GABPB1 (the DNA-binding subunit the GABP transcription factor complex) and HDAC3 thus

maintaining transcriptional repression and blocking cell cycle progression in resting T-cells

Gene Wiki entry for IL16 (Interleukin 16)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000015.9 NC_018926.1 NT_010194.17

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the IL16 gene promoter:
USF1 STAT1 USF2 STAT1beta USF-1:USF-2 Tal-1beta E47 STAT1alpha USF-1 Pax-4a
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): IL16 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for IL16

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat IL16

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 15q26.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 15q25.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 15q26.3

IL16 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
IL16 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 15 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC15P081489: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	81,451,916 bp from pter	End:	81,605,104 bp from pter
Size:	153,189 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL16_HUMAN, Q14005 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Pro-interleukin-16

Size: 1332 amino acids; 141752 Da

Subunit: Homotetramer (Probable). According to PubMed:9699630, the formation of a homotetrameric protein complex is not

required for the chemo-attractant function. Isoform 3 interacts (via PDZ 3 domain) with PPP1R12A, PPP1R12B and

PPP1R12C. Isoform 1 interacts with PPP1R12B. Isoform 3 interacts with GRIN2A. Isoform 3 interacts with GABPB1. Isoform

3 interacts (via PDZ 3 domain) with HDAC3. Isoform 1 interacts with GRIN2D, KCNJ10, KCNJ15 and CACNA1C (By

similarity). Isoform 3 interacts with HTLV-1 tax

Subcellular location: Interleukin-16: Secreted

Subcellular location: Isoform 1: Cytoplasm (By similarity)

Subcellular location: Isoform 3: Cytoplasm. Nucleus

2 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for IL16:

1I16 (3D)

1X6D (3D)

Secondary accessions: A6NM20 A8MU65 B9EGR6 Q16435 Q6VVE6 Q6ZMQ7 Q9UP18

Alternative promoter usage, Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms: Q14005-1 Q14005-2 Q14005-3 (Produced by alternative promoter usage. Is proteolytically processed to yield IL-16)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for IL16: NX_Q14005

Post-translational modifications:

Isoform 3 is synthesized as a chemo-attractant inactive precursor in hemopoietic tissues and is proteolytically cleaved

by caspase-3 to yield IL-16¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q14005

IL16 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts):

NP_001165599.1 NP_004504.3 NP_757366.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000452738 ENSP00000458125 ENSP00000456972 ENSP00000453250 ENSP00000378155

ENSP00000302935 ENSP00000454636 ENSP00000378147 ENSP00000453131 ENSP00000453214

Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for IL16 (IL-16)
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	OriGene Purified Protein: IL16 OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: IL16 OriGene Custom Protein Services for IL16
	GenScript Purified and Recombinant Proteins for IL16
	Novus Biologicals IL16 Proteins Novus Biologicals IL16 Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for IL16
	Uscn Proteins for IL16

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	--
GO:0005622	intracellular	--	--
GO:0005634	nucleus	IDA	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	--
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	IDA	--

IL16 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

IL16 Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of IL16
	R&D Systems Antibodies for IL16 (IL-16)
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 3): IL16 OriGene Custom Antibody Services for IL16
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for IL16
	Novus Biologicals IL16 Antibodies
	Search for Antibodies for IL16 at Abcam
	Uscn Antibodies for IL16
	ThermoFisher Antibody for IL16

Assay Products for IL16:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	R&D Systems ELISAs for IL16 (IL-16) (see all)
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for IL16
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for IL16

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

IL16 for domains About GeneDecksing

2 InterPro domains/families:

IPR020450 Interleukin-16

IPR001478 PDZ

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q14005

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q14005

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL16_HUMAN, Q14005

Similarity: Contains 4 PDZ (DHR) domains

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL16_HUMAN, Q14005

Function: Interleukin-16 stimulates a migratory response in CD4+ lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. Primes CD4+

T-cells for IL-2 and IL-15 responsiveness. Also induces T-lymphocyte expression of interleukin 2 receptor. Ligand for

CD4

Function: Isoform 1 may act as a scaffolding protein that anchors ion channels in the membrane

Function: Isoform 3 is involved in cell cycle progression in T-cells. Appears to be involved in transcriptional

regulation of SKP2 and is probably part of a transcriptional repression complex on the core promoter of the SKP2 gene.

May act as a scaffold for GABPB1 (the DNA-binding subunit the GABP transcription factor complex) and HDAC3 thus

maintaining transcriptional repression and blocking cell cycle progression in resting T-cells

Induction: Isoform 3 is down-regulated in T-cells after TCR activation

Genatlas biochemistry entry for IL16:

interleukin 16,T cell derived cytokine,lymphocyte chemoattractant factor,inducing the chemotactic and immunomodulatory

responses of ED4+ lymphocytes monocytes and eosinophils

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		hsa-miR-3149 hsa-miR-125a-5p hsa-miR-188-5p hsa-miR-4251 hsa-miR-3150a-3p hsa-miR-515-5p hsa-miR-125b hsa-miR-3148

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: IL16 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for IL16 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: IL16 OriGene siRNA: IL16
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Gene Editing
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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 3): IL16 (NM_004513)
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Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for IL16
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for IL16

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for IL16

Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	--	--

IL16 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

2 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for IL16:

Increased cell death in breast

Increased cell number in G2M,

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-out Il16^tm1Korn for IL16
1 MGI mutant phenotype (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Il16):

immune system

IL16 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/6 super-pathways (see all 6) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

PEDF Induced Signaling

8/11 pathways (see all 11)
PEDF Induced Signaling	1.00	STAT3 Pathway	0.47
MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation	0.73	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway	0.44
MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells	0.71	NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions	0.37
IL-6 Pathway	0.61	PGC1Alpha Pathway	0.33

TGF-Beta Pathway

TGF-Beta Pathway	1.00	Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K	0.43
MAPK Family Pathway	0.60	SOCS Pathway	0.29
JAK-STAT Pathway	0.57

Akt Signaling

	Akt Signaling	1.00			Tec Kinases Signaling	0.55
	p38 Signaling	0.60

Rho Family GTPases

	Rho Family GTPases	1.00			Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer	0.51
	ERK Signaling	0.61

PAK Pathway

PAK Pathway

1.00

Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C

0.56

5/25 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for IL16 (see all 25)

	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway
	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
	NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions
	Tec Kinases Signaling

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for IL16

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/36 Interacting proteins for IL16 (Q14005³ ENSP00000302935⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 36)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
KCNJ2	P63252³, ENSP00000243457⁴	I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000243457
KCND1	Q9NSA2³, ENSP00000218176⁴	I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000218176
KCNJ4	P48050³, ENSP00000306497⁴	I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000306497
PPP1R12A	O14974³, ENSP00000261207⁴	I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000261207
GRIN2B	Q13224³, ENSP00000279593⁴	I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000279593

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006351	transcription, DNA-dependent	IEA	--
GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent	IEA	--
GO:0006955	immune response	TAS	9144227
GO:0019048	virus-host interaction	IEA	--
GO:0030595	leukocyte chemotaxis	IEA	--

IL16 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

IL16 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for IL16
10/18 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for IL16 gene (see all 18) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
il 16	92	25	19279017 (8), 16387589 (4), 14657881 (2), 10593485 (1) (see all 6)
rantes	81.2	72	8786320 (5), 16410300 (5), 12390317 (4), 11971026 (3) (see all 40)
histamine	16.7	17	10572065 (4), 9648706 (4), 11264709 (1), 12001788 (1) (see all 5)
fluticasone propionate	12.1	3	12872394 (2)
ccl4	9.93	2	17716649 (1)
calcium	2.65	4	11971026 (1), 11937573 (1), 8955168 (1), 1673145 (1)
dexamethasone	2.17	7	10572065 (2), 11574756 (2), 9566794 (1), 15322222 (1)
lipid	1.48	2	11971026 (1)
thymidine	0	3	8955168 (1), 9498748 (1)
nitric oxide	0	6	12972516 (1), 11859968 (1), 17083347 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about IL16

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for IL16 gene (3 alternative transcripts):

NM_001172128.1 NM_004513.5 NM_172217.3

Unigene Cluster for IL16:

Interleukin 16

Hs.459095 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: AL833554

14 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000560989 ENST00000560241(uc002bgc.2) ENST00000559388(uc010blq.1)

ENST00000360547 ENST00000559383 ENST00000394660(uc002bge.4 uc010unp.2 uc021ssg.1 uc002bgg.3 uc021ssh.1 uc002bgj.3 uc021ssi.1)

ENST00000302987 ENST00000560115(uc002bgi.1) ENST00000394652 ENST00000560230

ENST00000558857(uc002bgl.1) ENST00000558332(uc010unq.1) ENST00000559342

ENST00000559953

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		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat IL16
		8/20 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate IL16 (see all 20):
		hsa-miR-3149 hsa-miR-125a-5p hsa-miR-188-5p hsa-miR-4251 hsa-miR-3150a-3p hsa-miR-515-5p hsa-miR-125b hsa-miR-3148

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: IL16 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
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		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat IL16
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat IL16

Additional cDNA sequence:

AF053412.1 AK124565.1 AK124725.1 AK126222.1 AK128740.1 AK131530.1 AK222512.1 AK308440.1

AL109669.1 AL109774.1 AL833554.1 AY324389.1 BC050362.1 BC064911.1 BC136660.1 FJ032370.1

M90391.1 S81601.1 U82972.1

17 DOTS entries:

DT.97762189 DT.442856 DT.97841669 DT.315276 DT.101983198 DT.101983197 DT.99996357 DT.101973954

DT.100782086 DT.100782084 DT.70104227 DT.86854787 DT.91694277 DT.121017287 DT.121017298 DT.121017334

DT.75191066

24/140 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 140):

AK131530 AA765876 NM_172217 AI457472 BC064911 AK128740 BQ223387 BM981332

NM_004513 AL109774 BC050362 AI079472 AI253583 AY324389 BG498542 BM713009

BE043968 AW002286 AL833554 CD618876 AI814130 BC040272 AI831990 BX110752

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/12 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for IL16 (see all 12) About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2a	·	2b	·	2c	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5	^	6	^	7	^	8	^	9	^	10	^	11	^	12	^	13	^	14a	·	14b	·	14c	·	14d	·	14e	·	14f	^	15	^	16a	·	16b	·	16c	^
SP1:			-		-		-
SP2:																													-				-
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:

ExUns:	17a	·	17b	·	17c	·	17d	·	17e	^	18	^	19	^	20a	·	20b	·	20c	^	21a	·	21b	^	22a	·	22b	·	22c	^	23a	·	23b	·	23c
SP1:
SP2:
SP3:													-								-
SP4:																					-
SP5:																			-		-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for IL16

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

IL16 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: --

About this image

IL16 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Lung

Trachea

Lung

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See IL16 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for IL16

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.459095

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL16_HUMAN, Q14005

Tissue specificity: Isoform 3 is expressed in hemopoietic tissues, such as resting T-cells, but is undetectable during

active T-cell proliferation

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including IL16 (see all 7):

HIV Host Response in human mouse rat

Antigen Presenting Cells in human mouse rat

Inflammatory Cytokines & Receptors in human mouse rat

Cytokines & Chemokines in human mouse rat

Common Cytokines in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for IL16 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat IL16

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for IL16

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for IL16 gene from 4/16 species (see all 16) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	IL16¹	interleukin 16 (lymphocyte chemoattractant factor)	59.64(n) 55.66(a)		374270 NM_204352.3 NP_989683.3
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	IL16⁶	--	50(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343894.1(78348-112775)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	CABZ01068274.1⁶ si:dkey-92i15.4⁶	si:dkey-92i15.4	32(a) 16(a)	1 ↔ 1 possible ortholog	7(12277032-12401591) 16(24475467-24485925)
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	bbg⁶ a⁶	arc	6(a) 11(a)	possible ortholog possible ortholog	3L(14405925-14529376) 2R(18024494-18060346)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for IL16 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for IL16 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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Paralogs for IL16 gene

PARD3B² PDZD2² INADL² PARD3² LNX2² MPDZ² LNX1²

9 SIMAP similar genes for IL16 using alignment to 11 protein entries: IL16_HUMAN (see all proteins):

DKFZp686O23186 MPDZ GRIP1 SYNJ2BP DLG4 TJP2

FRMPD2 PDZD2 PARD3

IL16 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 15 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs74030007^1,2	C,F,	--	58245394(+)	`TGGTGC/TTTGAA`	1	--	us2k¹		3		WA CSA	122
rs7165593^1,2	C,F,H,	--	58245725(+)	`GAGGAG/CGGGGG`	1	--	us2k¹ trp³		5		NS EA WA	536
rs28456328^1,2		--	58246323(+)	`ATGGAT/CTAAAT`	1	--	us2k¹		3		NA WA	122
rs9783700^1,2	C,F,H,	--	58246361(+)	`GGCTAC/TGTGGG`	1	--	us2k¹		10		NS EA CSA WA	1209
rs11631430^1,2	C,F,H,	--	58246512(+)	`TGGAGG/ACTTTG`	1	--	us2k¹		23		NS EA NA WA	2766
rs80120892^1,2	F,	--	58246697(+)	`TATGGA/GAAAAG`	1	--	us2k¹		1		WA	118
rs201484678^1,2	C	--	58247538(-)	`CTTATC/TCCCGG`	1	--	ut5¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs74030008^1,2	C,F,	--	58247645(+)	`GTGAAT/CGTCTG`	1	--	int¹		4		WA CSA	124
rs76629113^1,2	C,F,	--	58247851(+)	`AAGCAG/ACTTCA`	1	--	int¹		1		WA	118
rs74642903^1,2	C,	--	58247852(+)	`AGCAGC/TTTCAG`	1	--	int¹		2		CSA WA	120

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for IL16 (81451916 - 81605104 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for IL16: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): IL16

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing IL16

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for IL16

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

IL16 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 603035    OMIM disorders: --

20/92 diseases for IL16 (see all 92):    About MalaCards

diffuse large b-cell lymphoma attention deficit hyperactivity disorder mycosis fungoides graft versus host disease

b-cell lymphomas allergic contact dermatitis contact dermatitis vasomotor rhinitis

whipple disease clostridium difficile pre-eclampsia hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

systemic lupus erythematosus non-hodgkin lymphoma allergic rhinitis lupus erythematosus

cerebral artery occlusion inflammatory bowel disease alopecia areata systemic lupus erythematosus, association with

10/49 Novoseek disease relationships for IL16 gene (see all 49) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
dermatitis atopic	52.4	31	17166405 (8), 12926794 (4), 11714796 (2), 11941319 (2) (see all 13)
asthma allergic	50.5	11	9510204 (3), 9271307 (2), 17303923 (2), 10585533 (1) (see all 6)
inflammation	49.8	51	16729885 (4), 10857846 (3), 11240948 (3), 17982032 (3) (see all 31)
asthma	46.1	56	10903228 (7), 10932073 (6), 16522229 (6), 11775918 (3) (see all 19)
graves disease	46	8	18394967 (4), 15322222 (2), 16410300 (1)
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid	44.3	9	9648706 (2), 7576712 (1), 15373908 (1), 9510204 (1) (see all 6)
immunodeficiency	42.5	22	9841826 (2), 10400800 (2), 11196708 (1), 10447738 (1) (see all 12)
necrosis	42	31	8751236 (3), 10572065 (1), 11483776 (1), 17031175 (1) (see all 25)
allergic rhinitis	38.4	16	11551252 (4), 16103689 (4), 11424872 (3), 15886011 (1) (see all 7)
rheumatoid arthritis	34.7	22	10875316 (3), 18446062 (2), 14705216 (2), 11196512 (1) (see all 15)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): IL16
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: IL16 (38 documents)

Export disorders for IL16 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for IL16 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 356):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with IL16)

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Molecular cloning, sequence, expression, and processing of the interleukin 16 precursor. (PubMed id 9144227)^{1, 3, 9} Baier M.... Kurth R. (1997)
Association of asthma with a functional promoter polymorphism in the IL16 gene. (PubMed id 16387589)^{1, 4, 9} Burkart K.M....O'Connor G.T. (2006)
A polymorphism in the promoter region of the human interleukin-16 gene is not associated with asthma or atopy in an Australian population. (PubMed id 15784111)^{1, 4, 9} Akesson L.S....Kedda M.A. (2005)
Association of allergic contact dermatitis with a promoter polymorphism in the IL16 gene. (PubMed id 14657881)^{1, 4, 9} Reich K....Schnuch A. (2003)
Prevalence of the -295 T-to-C promoter polymorphism of the interleukin (IL)-16 gene in periodontitis. (PubMed id 16178875)^{1, 4, 9} Folwaczny M....Folwaczny C. (2005)
Nuclear translocation of the N-terminal prodomain of interleukin- 16. (PubMed id 11032842)^{1, 2, 9} Zhang Y....Center D.M. (2001)
GA-binding protein factors, in concert with the coactivator CREB binding protein/p300, control the induction of the interleukin 16 promoter in T lymphocytes. (PubMed id 9990060)^{1, 2, 9} Bannert N.... Kurth R. (1999)
Processing and activation of pro-interleukin-16 by caspase-3. (PubMed id 9422780)^{1, 2, 9} Zhang Y.... Kornfeld H. (1998)
Molecular and functional analysis of a lymphocyte chemoattractant factor: association of biologic function with CD4 expression. (PubMed id 7910967)^{1, 2, 9} Cruikshank W.W.... Kornfeld H. (1994)
Pro-IL-16 recruits histone deacetylase 3 to the Skp2 core promoter through interaction with transcription factor GABP. (PubMed id 18097041)^{1, 2} Zhang Y.... Center D.M. (2008)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 3603	HGNC: 5980	AceView: IL16	Ensembl:ENSG00000172349	euGenes: HUgn3603
ECgene: IL16	H-InvDB: IL16

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for IL16	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for IL16	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
R&D Systems' cytokine source book: IL-16	http://www.rndsystems.com/molecule_detail.aspx?m=1673
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/il16/

Intellectual Property for IL16 gene
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Patent Information for IL16 gene:
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GeneCards and IP:
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interleukin 16

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IL16 Gene

interleukin 16

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