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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

IL15 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 64
GCID: GC04P142557

interleukin 15

Explore 173 diseases affiliated with
IL15 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

This gene clusters with an RNA gene
Subcategory (RNA class): lncRNA

Quality score for the ORGUL clustered with this gene is 3

Aliases
Interleukin 15¹ ²
IL-15¹ ² ³
MGC9721¹
Interleukin-15¹

External Ids:	HGNC: 5977¹	Entrez Gene: 3600²	Ensembl: ENSG00000164136⁷	OMIM: 600554⁵	UniProtKB: P40933³

ORGUL members:
	NONCODE:n410572

Export aliases for IL15 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04P143420 GC04P142875 GC04P143023 GC04P143135 GC04P142915 GC04P138287

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for IL15:

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that regulates T and natural killer cell activation and proliferation.

This cytokine and interleukine 2 share many biological activities. They are found to bind common hematopoietin

receptor subunits, and may compete for the same receptor, and thus negatively regulate each other's activity. The

number of CD8+ memory cells is shown to be controlled by a balance between this cytokine and IL2. This cytokine

induces the activation of JAK kinases, as well as the phosphorylation and activation of transcription activators

STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggested that this cytokine may increase the expression of

apoptosis inhibitor BCL2L1/BCL-x(L), possibly through the transcription activation activity of STAT6, and thus prevent

apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been reported. (provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL15_HUMAN, P40933

Function: Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-lymphocytes. Stimulation by IL-15 requires interaction of

IL-15 with components of IL-2R, including IL-2R beta and probably IL-2R gamma but not IL-2R alpha

Gene Wiki entry for IL15 (Interleukin 15)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000004.11 NC_018915.1 NT_016354.19

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the IL15 gene promoter:
GR ISGF-3 STAT3 GR-alpha STAT5A AP-2gamma
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): IL15 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for IL15

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat IL15

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q31 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 4q31.21 HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q31

IL15 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
IL15 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04P142557: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	142,557,752 bp from pter	End:	142,655,140 bp from pter
Size:	97,389 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL15_HUMAN, P40933 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Interleukin-15 precursor

Size: 162 amino acids; 18086 Da

Subcellular location: Isoform IL15-S48AA: Secreted

Subcellular location: Isoform IL15-S21AA: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=IL15-S21AA is not secreted, but rather is stored

intracellularly, appearing in the nucleus and cytoplasmic components

Sequence caution: Sequence=CAA71044.1; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Man-made cDNA construct with a sequence

coding for signal peptide increasing the secretion of the protein (substitution with a signal peptide derived from the

mouse IgV kappa chain);

4 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for IL15:

2XQB (3D)

2Z3Q (3D)

2Z3R (3D)

4GS7 (3D)

Secondary accessions: D3DNZ2 O00440 O43512 Q495Z8 Q93058 Q9UBA3

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P40933-1 P40933-2

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for IL15: NX_P40933

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P40933

IL15 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_000576.1 NP_751915.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000323505 ENSP00000296545 ENSP00000422271 ENSP00000435462 ENSP00000436914

ENSP00000377714

Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant IL15 Protein
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for IL15 (IL-15)
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	GenScript Purified and Recombinant Proteins for IL15
	Novus Biologicals IL15 Proteins Novus Biologicals IL15 Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for IL15
	Uscn Proteins for IL15

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	NAS	14718574
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	--
GO:0005624	membrane fraction	--	--
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	TAS	10851076

IL15 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

IL15 Antibody Products:

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	R&D Systems Antibodies for IL15 (IL-15)
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 2): IL15 OriGene Custom Antibody Services for IL15
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for IL15
	Novus Biologicals IL15 Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for IL15
	Uscn Antibodies for IL15
	ThermoFisher Antibody for IL15

Assay Products for IL15:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
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	GenScript Custom Assay Services for IL15
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for IL15

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

IL15 for domains About GeneDecksing

3 InterPro domains/families:

IPR020466 Interleukin-15_mammal

IPR003443 Interleukin_15-like

IPR020439 Interleukin-15

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P40933

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P40933

1 Blocks protein family: IPB003443 Interleukin 15

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL15_HUMAN, P40933

Similarity: Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL15_HUMAN, P40933

Function: Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-lymphocytes. Stimulation by IL-15 requires interaction of

IL-15 with components of IL-2R, including IL-2R beta and probably IL-2R gamma but not IL-2R alpha

Genatlas biochemistry entry for IL15:

interleukin 15,structurally and functionally related to IL2,involved in the differentiation of natural killer cells

Summary:

IL15 as growth factor is involved in stem cell differentiation protocols towards the derivation of the following cells: Natural killer-like cells

miRNA Products:		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat IL15
		8/19 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate IL15 (see all 19):
		hsa-miR-640 hsa-miR-376b hsa-miR-4272 hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-4263 hsa-miR-944 hsa-miR-3074-3p hsa-miR-424

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: IL15 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for IL15 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: IL15 OriGene siRNA: IL15
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Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for IL15

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
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Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for IL15
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for IL15

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for IL15

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	IEA	--
GO:0005126	cytokine receptor binding	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	16284400

IL15 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:
     Mouse knock-out Il15^tm1Imx for IL15
     8 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Il15):

cardiovascular system	cellular	embryogenesis	growth/size	hematopoietic system
immune system	mortality/aging	reproductive system

IL15 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/12 super-pathways (see all 12) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

PEDF Induced Signaling

8/12 pathways (see all 12)
PEDF Induced Signaling	1.00	STAT3 Pathway	0.47
MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation	0.73	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway	0.44
MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells	0.71	NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions	0.37
IL-6 Pathway	0.61	PGC1Alpha Pathway	0.33

TGF-Beta Pathway

TGF-Beta Pathway	1.00	Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K	0.43
MAPK Family Pathway	0.60	SOCS Pathway	0.29
JAK-STAT Pathway	0.57

Akt Signaling

	Akt Signaling	1.00			Tec Kinases Signaling	0.55
	p38 Signaling	0.60

Rho Family GTPases

	Rho Family GTPases	1.00			Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer	0.51
	ERK Signaling	0.61

PAK Pathway

PAK Pathway

1.00

Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C

0.56

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

2 R&D Systems Pathways for IL15

	IL-15 Signaling Pathways
	IL-15 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types

5/25 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for IL15 (see all 25)

	Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway
	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
	Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
	NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions
	Tec Kinases Signaling

1 BioSystems Pathway for IL15

Cytokines and Inflammatory Response

4 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for IL15):

	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
	Jak-STAT signaling pathway
	Intestinal immune network for IgA production
	Rheumatoid arthritis

IL15 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for IL15

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 18)

5/19 Interacting proteins for IL15 (P40933^{1, 3} ENSP00000296545⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 19)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
IL15RA	Q13261¹^,³, ENSP00000369312⁴	EBI-980274,EBI-980354 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000369312
IL2RB	P14784³, ENSP00000216223⁴	I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000216223
IL2RG	P31785³	I2D: score=2
IGHG1	ENSP00000374990⁴	STRING: ENSP00000374990
IGLC2	ENSP00000374856⁴	STRING: ENSP00000374856

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/26 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 26): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001779	natural killer cell differentiation	IEA	--
GO:0001866	NK T cell proliferation	IEA	--
GO:0006954	inflammatory response	IEA	--
GO:0006955	immune response	IEA	--
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	8178155

IL15 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

IL15 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for IL15
10/72 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for IL15 gene (see all 72) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
rantes	70.1	58	11274230 (4), 17986095 (4), 18492658 (3), 11746532 (3) (see all 41)
il-12	52.5	13	19698229 (5), 12850791 (1), 16471244 (1), 16024007 (1)
gliadin	46.1	11	20153259 (3), 11040186 (1), 17100768 (1), 12853196 (1) (see all 8)
alpha-galactosylceramide	45.9	14	10715513 (4), 11150537 (3), 17312126 (1), 12960313 (1) (see all 5)
blys	43.4	1	16920570 (1)
gm-csf	42.5	4	12494899 (1), 17082320 (1), 12893770 (1)
ccl3	39	1	17170049 (1)
il 10	38.8	6	9743948 (3), 10641032 (1), 19505916 (1), 20083555 (1)
poly(i-c)	38.3	4	12960048 (1), 15196204 (1), 16299289 (1)
gluten	33.1	9	17100768 (4), 18667914 (1), 15925843 (1), 16728270 (1) (see all 5)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about IL15

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for IL15 gene (3 alternative transcripts):

NM_000585.4 NM_172175.2 NM_172174.2

Unigene Cluster for IL15:

Interleukin 15

Hs.168132 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NR_037840

8 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000320650 ENST00000296545(uc010iol.3 uc003iis.3 uc003iit.3)

ENST00000514653 ENST00000529613 ENST00000477265 ENST00000505351 ENST00000509249

ENST00000394159

miRNA Products:		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat IL15
		8/19 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate IL15 (see all 19):
		hsa-miR-640 hsa-miR-376b hsa-miR-4272 hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-4263 hsa-miR-944 hsa-miR-3074-3p hsa-miR-424

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: IL15 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for IL15 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: IL15 OriGene siRNA: IL15
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat IL15

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for IL15 (see all 4) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for IL15 (see all 2) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): IL15 (NM_000585)
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		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat IL15
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat IL15

Additional cDNA sequence:

AF031167.1 AK290619.1 AY720442.1 BC018149.2 BC100961.1 BC100962.1 BC100963.1 CR541980.1

CR542007.1 NR_037840.2 S81555.1 U14407.1 X94222.1 X94223.1 Z38000.1

6 DOTS entries:

DT.455390 DT.75161076 DT.100747304 DT.100675458 DT.121276333 DT.100747305

24/68 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 68):

CR541980 CR617455 AA897685 BE870325 BM848565 AW418813 CR542007 BX504391

CR617480 AI656394 X94223 NM_172175 BX116580 AA973334 NM_172174 AI377202

AK122993 AI719764 BF439485 AI188915 N59270 BM847019 CA443264 U14407

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/6 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for IL15 (see all 6) About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5	^	6a	·	6b	·	6c	·	6d	^	7a	·	7b	^	8	^	9a	·	9b	^	10	^	11	^	12a	·	12b
SP1:									-		-		-		-								-		-
SP2:					-				-		-		-		-								-		-
SP3:																							-
SP4:									-				-		-		-						-		-
SP5:					-								-		-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for IL15

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

IL15 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: ATACAGTAGA

About this image

IL15 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Reproductive System

Early Gonad

Testis Somatic Cells

Testis

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See IL15 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for IL15

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.168132

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IL15_HUMAN, P40933

Tissue specificity: Most abundant in placenta and skeletal muscle. It is also detected in the heart, lung, liver and

kidney. IL15-S21AA is preferentially expressed in tissues such as testis and thymus

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including IL15 (see all 15):

NFKB Signaling Targets in human mouse rat

Antiviral Response in human mouse rat

Leukemia in human mouse rat

Interferons & Receptors in human mouse rat

Inflammatory Response & Autoimmunity in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for IL15 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat IL15

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for IL15

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for IL15 gene from 2/8 species (see all 8) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Il15^{1 , 5}	interleukin 15^{1, 5}	80.45(n)¹ 72.84(a)¹		8 (39.33 cM)⁵ 16168¹ NM_001254747.1¹ NP_001241676.1¹ 82331624⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	F1NHY6_CHICK⁶	interleukin 15 precursor	34(a)	1 ↔ 1	4(31129937-31162068)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for IL15 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for IL15 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing IL15

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for IL15

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

IL15 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 600554    OMIM disorders: --

20/173 diseases for IL15 (see all 173):    About MalaCards

graft versus host disease large granular lymphocyte leukemia relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis severe combined immunodeficiency

gamma chain deficiency diffuse large b-cell lymphoma human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 acute graft versus host disease

t-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia tropical spastic paraparesis human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease infectious mononucleosis

scrub typhus mycosis fungoides spastic paraparesis myasthenia gravis

combined immunodeficiency b-cell lymphomas pre-eclampsia rasmussen encephalitis

1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for IL15:

Rheumatoid arthritis

10/89 Novoseek disease relationships for IL15 gene (see all 89) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
severe combined immunodeficiency, x-linked	80.6	25	7632950 (3), 8026467 (1), 7803808 (1), 8605322 (1) (see all 17)
necrosis	64.5	151	12878725 (2), 19967592 (2), 11817607 (2), 7523571 (1) (see all 99)
rheumatoid arthritis	61.1	70	10679127 (5), 18557790 (2), 16362448 (2), 20007590 (2) (see all 52)
tumors	54.4	242	7585540 (4), 11418694 (4), 14984938 (4), 19190330 (3) (see all 99)
autoimmune diseases	54.1	26	11315928 (3), 12905728 (2), 16387851 (1), 19166383 (1) (see all 21)
inflammation	53.7	71	15996196 (3), 15843549 (2), 19805228 (2), 11197599 (2) (see all 57)
graft-versus-host disease	52.7	6	15976176 (2), 16860714 (1), 18641363 (1), 15280205 (1)
celiac disease	47.3	21	12949719 (5), 17324400 (4), 11040186 (2), 19237603 (2) (see all 9)
synovitis	43.4	14	17289161 (2), 12379638 (1), 16142748 (1), 12527218 (1) (see all 11)
autoimmunity	42.5	5	17318811 (1), 18053164 (1), 18313361 (1), 18621751 (1) (see all 5)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): IL15
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: IL15 (49 documents)

Export disorders for IL15 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for IL15 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 1383):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with IL15)

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Cloning of a T cell growth factor that interacts with the beta chain of the interleukin-2 receptor. (PubMed id 8178155)^{1, 2, 3, 9} Grabstein K.H.... Giri J.G. (1994)
Identification of a novel interleukin-15 (IL-15) transcript isoform generated by alternative splicing in human small cell lung cancer cell lines. (PubMed id 8668345)^{1, 2, 9} Meazza R.... Ferrini S. (1996)
Family based association analysis of the IL2 and IL15 genes in allergic disorders. (PubMed id 16333313)^{1, 4} Christensen U....Borglum A.D. (2006)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Cytokine gene polymorphisms and acute human liver graft rejection. (PubMed id 12089714)^{1, 4} Warle M.C....Bouma G.J. (2002)
Generation of secretable and nonsecretable interleukin 15 isoforms through alternate usage of signal peptides. (PubMed id 9405632)^{1, 2} Tagaya Y.... Waldmann T.A. (1997)
Genomic sequence and chromosomal location of the human interleukin-15 gene (IL15). (PubMed id 8932977)^{1, 2} Krause H....Diamantstein T. (1996)
The expression of interleukin-15 and interleukin-18 by human term placenta is not affected by lipopolysaccharide. (PubMed id 17964972)^{1, 9} Amash A....Holcberg G. (2007)
Influences of genetic variants in interleukin-15 gene and serum interleukin-15 levels on coronary heart disease. (PubMed id 19796965)^{1, 9} Gokkusu C....Umman B. (2010)
Exposure to cigarette smoke suppresses IL-15 generati on and its regulatory NK cell functions in poly I:C-augmented human PBMCs. (PubMed id 19592095)^{1, 9} Mian M.F....Ashkar A.A. (2009)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 3600	HGNC: 5977	AceView: IL15	Ensembl:ENSG00000164136	euGenes: HUgn3600
ECgene: IL15	Kegg: 3600	H-InvDB: IL15

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for IL15	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for IL15	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
R&D Systems' cytokine source book: IL-15	http://www.rndsystems.com/molecule_detail.aspx?m=1671
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_15

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Patent Information for IL15 gene:
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IL15 Gene

interleukin 15

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