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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

IGF2 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 70
GCID: GC11M002113

insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A)

(Previous name: chromosome 11 open reading frame 43 )
(Previous symbol: C11orf43)

Explore 233 diseases affiliated with
IGF2 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

This gene clusters with an RNA gene
Subcategory (RNA class): lncRNA

Quality score for the ORGUL clustered with this gene is 3

Aliases
Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 (Somatomedin A)¹ ²		PP9974²
C11orf43¹ ²		Insulin-Like Growth Factor II²
IGF-II² ³		Insulin-Like Growth Factor Type 2²
FLJ44734¹		Somatomedin-A³
Chromosome 11 Open Reading Frame 43¹		Somatomedin-A³

External Ids:	HGNC: 5466¹	Entrez Gene: 3481²	Ensembl: ENSG00000167244⁷	OMIM: 147470⁵	UniProtKB: P01344³

ORGUL members:
	NONCODE:n335752 n406123

Export aliases for IGF2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC11P000574 GC11M002241 GC11M002112 GC11M002118 GC11M002110 GC11M001942

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for IGF2:

This gene encodes a member of the insulin family of polypeptide growth factors, which are involved in development and

growth. It is an imprinted gene, expressed only from the paternal allele, and epigenetic changes at this locus are

associated with Wilms tumour, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Silver-Russell syndrome. A

read-through INS-IGF2 gene exists, whose 5' region overlaps the INS gene and the 3' region overlaps this gene.

Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (provided by

RefSeq, Oct 2010)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IGF2_HUMAN, P01344

Function: The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity. In vitro, they are potent mitogens for

cultured cells. IGF-II is influenced by placental lactogen and may play a role in fetal development

Function: Preptin undergoes glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, and acts as physiological amplifier of

glucose-mediated insulin secretion. Exhibits osteogenic properties by increasing osteoblast mitogenic activity through

phosphoactivation of MAPK1 and MAPK3

Gene Wiki entry for IGF2 (Insulin-like growth factor 2)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000011.9 NC_018922.1 NT_009237.18

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the IGF2 gene promoter:
AP-1 p53
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 9): IGF2 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for IGF2

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat IGF2

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 11p15.5 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 11p15.5 HGNC cytogenetic band: 11p15.5

IGF2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
IGF2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 11 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC11M002113: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	2,150,342 bp from pter	End:	2,182,439 bp from pter
Size:	32,098 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

ORGUL member locations:
Legend (see complete legend)

n406123
n335752

lncRNA
Full Legend

2150341 2166390 2182439 chr11

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IGF2_HUMAN, P01344 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Insulin-like growth factor II precursor

Size: 180 amino acids; 20140 Da

Subcellular location: Secreted

Mass spectrometry: Mass=7469.4; Method=MALDI; Range=25-91; Source=PubMed:12586351, PubMed:15359740;

Mass spectrometry: Mass=7398.3; Method=MALDI; Range=26-91; Source=PubMed:12586351, PubMed:15359740;

6 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for IGF2:

1GF2 (3D)

1IGL (3D)

2L29 (3D)

2V5P (3D)

3E4Z (3D)

3KR3 (3D)

Secondary accessions: B3KX48 B7WP08 C9JAF2 E3UN45 P78449 Q14299 Q1WM26 Q9UC68 Q9UC69

Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms: P01344-1 P01344-2 P01344-3 (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for IGF2: NX_P01344

Post-translational modifications:

O-glycosylated with core 1 or possibly core 8 glycans. Thr-96 is a minor glycosylation site compared to Thr-99¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P01344

IGF2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts):

NP_000603.1 NP_001007140.2 NP_001121070.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000370802 ENSP00000370813 ENSP00000414497 ENSP00000391826 ENSP00000370799

ENSP00000370796 ENSP00000402047 ENSP00000338297 ENSP00000370786 ENSP00000300632

ENSP00000370720

Reactome Protein details: P01344
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant IGF2 Protein
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for IGF2 (IGF-II)
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate (see all 3): IGF2 OriGene Custom Protein Services for IGF2
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for IGF2
	Novus Biologicals IGF2 Proteins Novus Biologicals IGF2 Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for IGF2
	Uscn Proteins for IGF2

Gene Ontology (GO): 2 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	--
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	--

IGF2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

IGF2 Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of IGF2
	R&D Systems Antibodies for IGF2 (IGF-II)
	Browse OriGene Antibodies OriGene Custom Antibody Services for IGF2
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for IGF2
	Novus Biologicals IGF2 Antibodies
	Search for Antibodies for IGF2 at Abcam
	Uscn Antibodies for IGF2
	ThermoFisher Antibodies for IGF2

Assay Products for IGF2:

	EMD Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of IGF2
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for IGF2
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for IGF2

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

IGF2 for domains About GeneDecksing

5/6 InterPro domains/families (see all 6):

IPR016179 Insulin-like

IPR022350 Insulin-like_growth_factor

IPR022352 Insulin_family

IPR022353 Insulin_CS

IPR022334 IGF2

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P01344

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P01344

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB004825 Insulin/IGF/relaxin

IPB013576 Insulin-like growth factor II E-peptide

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IGF2_HUMAN, P01344

Similarity: Belongs to the insulin family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IGF2_HUMAN, P01344

Function: The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity. In vitro, they are potent mitogens for

cultured cells. IGF-II is influenced by placental lactogen and may play a role in fetal development

Function: Preptin undergoes glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, and acts as physiological amplifier of

glucose-mediated insulin secretion. Exhibits osteogenic properties by increasing osteoblast mitogenic activity through

phosphoactivation of MAPK1 and MAPK3

Genatlas biochemistry entry for IGF2:

insulin-like growth factor 220kDa,regulator of somatic growth and cellular proliferation,maternally imprinted

(telomeric imprinting domain at 11p15,containing ASCL2,H19 and IGF2,silenced and hypermethylated in most Wilms

tumor),since the preimplantation 8-cells stage embryos,onwards;biallelic expression and loss of imprinting in fetal

brain,in Wilms tumor,Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome,other tumors and acute myeloid leukemia

Summary:

IGF2 as growth factor is involved in stem cell differentiation protocols towards the derivation of the following cells: Spheres, Islet-like clusters (see all 3).

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target IGF2: hsa-mir-150 (MIRT005739), hsa-mir-125b (MIRT005738), hsa-let-7a (MIRT004520)

		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 3): IGF2 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat IGF2
		8/28 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate IGF2 (see all 28):
		hsa-miR-3685 hsa-miR-3194-5p hsa-miR-4286 hsa-miR-125a-3p hsa-miR-522 hsa-miR-200a hsa-miR-548s hsa-miR-141

		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for IGF2 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: IGF2 OriGene siRNA: IGF2
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat IGF2

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for IGF2

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for IGF2 (see all 8) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for IGF2 (see all 4) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 3): IGF2 (NM_001127598)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for IGF2
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat IGF2

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for IGF2
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for IGF2

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for IGF2

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005158	insulin receptor binding	IPI	12138094
GO:0005159	insulin-like growth factor receptor binding	TAS	1845984
GO:0005179	hormone activity	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	10611375
GO:0008083	growth factor activity	IDA	11500939

IGF2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for IGF2:

Increased cell death in breast

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-outs for IGF2: Igf2^tm3Wrk Igf2^tm1Rob Igf2^tm1Wrk
15/23 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 8 alleles) (MGI details for Igf2) (see all 23):

behavior/neurological	cardiovascular system	cellular	craniofacial	digestive/alimentary
embryogenesis	endocrine/exocrine gland	growth/size	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism
immune system	integument	limbs/digits/tail	liver/biliary system	mortality/aging

IGF2 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/29 super-pathways (see all 29) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts

8/14 pathways (see all 14)
Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts	1.00	ERK5 Signaling	0.61
p53 Mediated Apoptosis	0.84	eIF2 Pathway	0.60
Mitochondrial Apoptosis	0.73	Rac1 Pathway	0.58
Telomerase Components in Cell Signaling	0.72	Nuclear Receptor Activation by Vitamin-A	0.57

GPCR Pathway

GPCR Pathway	1.00	Estrogen Pathway	0.55
Ras Pathway	0.62	Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma	0.55
Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1	0.58	Paxillin Interactions	0.53
NFAT in Immune Response	0.58

Rho Family GTPases

Rho Family GTPases	1.00	MAPK Signaling	0.51
ERK Signaling	0.61	ILK Signaling	0.45
Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer	0.51

TGF-Beta Pathway

	TGF-Beta Pathway	1.00			JAK-STAT Pathway	0.57
	MAPK Family Pathway	0.60			JNK Pathway	0.50

Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency

	Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency	1.00			14-3-3 Induced Intracellular Signaling	0.59
	GSK3 Signaling	0.61			eNOS Signaling	0.48

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

3 EMD Millipore Pathways for IGF2

	Cell adhesion ECM remodeling
	Development Role of HDAC and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) in control of skeletal myogenesis
	Development IGF-RI signaling

5/58 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for IGF2 (see all 58)

	Nuclear Receptor Activation by Vitamin-A
	RhoA Pathway
	Paxillin Interactions
	Telomerase Components in Cell Signaling
	Mitochondrial Apoptosis

3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for IGF2

	Development Role of HDAC and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) in control of skeletal myogenesis
	Cell adhesion ECM remodeling
	Development IGF-1 receptor signaling

3 BioSystems Pathways for IGF2

	Apoptosis
	Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
	Endochondral Ossification

5/11 Reactome Pathways for IGF2 (see all 11)

	Hemostasis
	Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) Transport and Uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)
	IGF1R signaling cascade
	Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+
	Signaling by Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R)

IGF2 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for IGF2

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/41 Interacting proteins for IGF2 (P01344^{2, 3} ENSP00000338297⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 41)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
IGF2R	P11717²^,³, ENSP00000349437⁴	MINT-6381282 MINT-6381591 MINT-6381798 MINT-6381176 MINT-6380974 MINT-6381828 MINT-6381259 MINT-6381034 MINT-6381394 MINT-6381465 MINT-6381218 MINT-6381323 MINT-6381777 MINT-6381202 MINT-6381450 MINT-6380995 MINT-6381420 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000349437
NMRK2	Q9NPI5²^,³, ENSP00000168977⁴	MINT-8258577 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000168977
FAF1	Q9UNN5²^,³	MINT-8258566 I2D: score=2
CRELD2	Q6UXH1²^,³	MINT-8258555 I2D: score=1
IGFBP5	P24593³, ENSP00000233813⁴	I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000233813

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/34 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 34): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001501	skeletal system development	TAS	8298652
GO:0001503	ossification	IEA	--
GO:0001649	osteoblast differentiation	--	--
GO:0001934	positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	ISS	--
GO:0006006	glucose metabolic process	IEA	--

IGF2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

IGF2 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for IGF2
10/134 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for IGF2 gene (see all 134) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
mannose 6-phosphate	88.6	306	7814388 (6), 1667383 (5), 1969863 (4), 7588242 (4) (see all 99)
apai	78	65	15181035 (3), 10738131 (2), 16339295 (2), 9709972 (2) (see all 39)
thymidine	57.4	53	7512304 (3), 8188767 (2), 2245040 (2), 1407369 (1) (see all 41)
peg-10	56.9	4	17989250 (1), 15057899 (1), 18805821 (1), 16778176 (1)
ribonucleic acid	55.3	30	9177379 (2), 11297606 (1), 1656313 (1), 8641194 (1) (see all 21)
apal	53.7	8	9376897 (3), 8252039 (1), 11855150 (1)
ag 1024	52.9	5	19764351 (2), 16037379 (1), 14967954 (1)
c-peptide	50.6	45	11372411 (5), 10400142 (3), 16981978 (2), 8887130 (2) (see all 26)
nap-2	45.7	2	9268640 (1), 10049585 (1)
estradiol	42.6	48	8520621 (4), 14967954 (4), 16891052 (3), 8396578 (2) (see all 31)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about IGF2

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for IGF2 gene (3 alternative transcripts):

NM_000612.4 NM_001007139.4 NM_001127598.1

Unigene Cluster for IGF2:

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A)

Hs.272259 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000612

12 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000381395(uc009yde.3 uc009ydf.3 uc021qcb.1) ENST00000381406(uc001lvf.3)

ENST00000416167(uc001lvg.3) ENST00000434045 ENST00000381392(uc001lvj.1)

ENST00000381389 ENST00000418738 ENST00000337883 ENST00000381379 ENST00000487262

ENST00000300632(uc001lvh.3) ENST00000381319(uc001lvi.3)

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 3): IGF2 Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat IGF2
		8/28 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate IGF2 (see all 28):
		hsa-miR-3685 hsa-miR-3194-5p hsa-miR-4286 hsa-miR-125a-3p hsa-miR-522 hsa-miR-200a hsa-miR-548s hsa-miR-141

		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for IGF2 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: IGF2 OriGene siRNA: IGF2
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat IGF2

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for IGF2 (see all 8) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for IGF2 (see all 4) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 3): IGF2 (NM_001127598)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for IGF2
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat IGF2

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for IGF2 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat IGF2
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat IGF2
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat IGF2

Additional cDNA sequence:

AF318382.1 AK025719.1 AK126688.1 AK291594.1 AK313938.1 AY899304.1 AY971350.1 BC000531.1

BC005255.1 BC011786.2 BC042127.1 BC053318.1 BC073756.1 BC104421.1 BT006808.1 BT007013.1

DQ104203.1 DQ778082.1 HM481219.1 HM481220.1 J03242.1 JF909299.1 JQ951950.1 M17426.1

M17863.1 M29645.1 NR_003512.2 S77035.1 X00910.1 X06159.1 X06160.1 X06161.1

X06260.1 X70508.1

24/151 DOTS entries (see all 151):

DT.95278587 DT.99926566 DT.100820923 DT.97869825 DT.99926560 DT.97863654 DT.95278349 DT.91735952

DT.100666628 DT.97850525 DT.99926550 DT.100820911 DT.420737 DT.120755583 DT.97869833 DT.100820920

DT.95249342 DT.120755649 DT.100820919 DT.109985 DT.95278369 DT.100820924 DT.100820914 DT.95223278

24/48 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 48):

CR607507 AA340446 AW878704 BU683154 BF920314 H81229 N52638 BC000531

M17426 BQ651644 AW071552 N72367 BG009764 BQ648159 BF933134 AA342737

J03242 BX495883 BG008906 AW878811 H57817 S51971 AW878775 R91389

GeneLoc Exon Structure

4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for IGF2 About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2	^	3a	·	3b	^	4	^	5a	·	5b	^	6a	·	6b	·	6c
SP1:			-		-		-				-
SP2:											-
SP3:											-
SP4:					-		-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for IGF2

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

IGF2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: CTTGGGTTTT

About this image

IGF2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

10/30 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells (see all 30)

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Placenta

Chorionic Villus

Syncytiotrophoblast Multinuclear Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues, Placenta

Meninges

Choroid Plexus Progenitor Cells

Choroid Plexus

Brain

Choroid Plexus

Mature Choroid Plexus Cells

Choroid Plexus

Chorion

Chorion Bilayer

Chorionic Mesoderm Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues, Placenta

Placenta

Chorionic Villus

Villous Cytotrophoblast Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues, Placenta

Placenta

Extravillous Cytotrophoblast Layer

Endovascular Cytotrophoblast Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues, Placenta

Placenta

Extravillous Cytotrophoblast Layer

Extravillous Cytotrophoblast Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues, Placenta

Trophoblast

Extraembryonic Ectoderm

Extraembryonic Ectoderm Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues, Placenta

Trophoblast

Trophoblast Cells

Extraembryonic Tissues

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 10 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

mK4 (Cell line)

Kidney

mK3 (Cell line)

Kidney

Trophoblast-like cells (Generation of tropho...)

Pancreatic endoderm/endocrine precursor-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

Mesoderm-like cells (Derivation of cardio...)

Mesendoderm (Derivation and sorti...)

Podocalyxin+, CD24+, GCTM2- (Derivation and sorti...)

Podocalyxin+, CD24+, GCTM2 (low) (Derivation and sorti...)

Alveolar type II cells (Derivation of mature...)

Lung

Mature follicles (In-vitro growth and ...)

See IGF2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for IGF2

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.272259

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including IGF2 (see all 10):

Osteogenesis in human mouse rat

Insulin Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

Growth Factors in human mouse rat

Alzheimer's Disease in human mouse rat

Skeletal Muscle: Myogenesis & Myopathy in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for IGF2 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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In Situ
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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for IGF2 gene from 4/10 species (see all 10) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	IGF2¹	insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A)	64.86(n) 60.84(a)		395097 NM_001030342.1 NP_001025513.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	IGF2⁶	--	53(a)	1 ↔ 1	1(70065902-70073520)
tropical clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis)	Amphibia	Str.10551²	Transcribed sequence with weak similarity to protein more	80.31(n)		137713823
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	Dr.9288²	Danio rerio insulin-like growth factor 2 precursor more	77.35(n)		AF250289.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for IGF2 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for IGF2 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for IGF2 gene

IGF1²

2 SIMAP similar genes for IGF2 using alignment to 3 protein entries: IGF2_HUMAN (see all proteins):

IGF1 IGF-I

IGF2 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IGF2_HUMAN, P01344

Polymorphism: Genetic variations in IGF2 are associated with body mass index (BMI). The BMI is a statistical

measurement which compares a person's weight and height

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 11 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs11042751^1,2	C,F,H,	--	2149864(-)	`ATGTCA/GTTAGT`	4	--	ds500¹ int¹		11		NA EA CSA	616
rs76784468^1,2		--	2149940(+)	`CCAGCC/TACAGA`	4	--	ds500¹ int¹		1		EA	120
rs11042753^1,2	C,F,A,H,	--	2149995(-)	`CAACAG/ACCTTA`	4	--	int¹ ds500¹		13		NS NA WA	1712
rs148576016^1,2		--	2150061(+)	`AAAGCC/TCCCCA`	4	--	ds500¹ int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs192036856^1,2		--	2150081(+)	`CCTTCA/GTGGCA`	4	--	ds500¹ int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs142977949^1,2		--	2150180(+)	`GCTCTC/TTCATT`	4	--	int¹ ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs80178360^1,2	F	--	2150230(+)	`CACCCC/TTAAGG`	4	--	int¹ ds500¹		1		NA	6
rs10743134^1,2	C,F,H,	--	2150304(+)	`CCCTCC/TGGCAG`	4	--	ds500¹ int¹		12		NA WA CSA EA	376
rs146546402^1,2		--	2150326(+)	`AGTCAA/GAGAGT`	4	--	ds500¹ int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs112372484^1,2	C	--	2150349(+)	`AGATCT/ATGACT`	4	--	nc-transcript-variantut3¹		1		CSA	1

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for IGF2 (2150342 - 2182439 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for IGF2: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): IGF2

Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): IGF2

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

IGF2 for disorders About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 147470 OMIM disorders: --

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: IGF2_HUMAN, P01344

Epigenetic changes of DNA hypomethylation in IGF2 are a cause of Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) [MIM:180860]. A

clinically heterogeneous condition characterized by severe intrauterine growth retardation, poor postnatal growth,

craniofacial features such as a triangular shaped face and a broad forehead, body asymmetry, and a variety of minor

malformations. The phenotypic expression changes during childhood and adolescence, with the facial features and

asymmetry usually becoming more subtle with age

20/233 diseases for IGF2 (see all 233): About MalaCards

beckwith-wiedemann syndrome silver-russell syndrome simpson-golabi-behmel syndrome acid-labile subunit

open-angle glaucoma rhabdomyosarcoma persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor

fetal macrosomia hypoglycemic coma desmoplastic small round cell tumor intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation

skeletal muscle regeneration congenital mesoblastic nephroma smooth muscle tumor growth hormone deficiency

primary open angle glaucoma hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia mesoblastic nephroma choroid plexus papilloma

5 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for IGF2:

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome Cancer Silver-Russell syndrome Hypoglycemia

Adenoma

10/92 Novoseek disease relationships for IGF2 gene (see all 92) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
beckwith-wiedemann syndrome	88.6	71	7943172 (4), 9349812 (4), 8320696 (3), 15314640 (2) (see all 46)
wilms tumor	78.1	166	8825403 (7), 11717330 (6), 9368508 (5), 12702581 (5) (see all 71)
embryonal tumor	72.2	16	8618347 (1), 11008203 (1), 8298652 (1), 8618920 (1) (see all 10)
hypoglycemia	71.4	239	1281841 (4), 19259766 (4), 9790231 (4), 2170553 (4) (see all 99)
carcinoma adrenocortical	66.2	36	18611974 (3), 11889182 (3), 15241731 (3), 8370710 (3) (see all 21)
tumors	64.9	1113	19383775 (9), 7524924 (6), 9477303 (6), 10682323 (6) (see all 99)
hepatoblastoma	61.3	37	7543440 (3), 9462704 (3), 11597130 (3), 17072986 (3) (see all 19)
laron syndrome	59.4	1	7524822 (1)
cancer embryonal	57.1	1	9484911 (1)
rhabdomyosarcoma	56.1	67	9771969 (4), 2177632 (4), 7499276 (3), 7686519 (3) (see all 31)

Genatlas disease: IGF2

hypoglycemia,tumor induced,putative susceptibility factor for obesity in association with INS in British population

GeneTests: IGF2

Russell-Silver Syndrome

Genetic Association Database (GAD): IGF2
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: IGF2 (97 documents)

Export disorders for IGF2 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for IGF2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 2294):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with IGF2)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Positive associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the IGF2 gene region and body mass index in adult males. (PubMed id 11448941)^{1, 2, 4} Gaunt T.R....O'Dell S.D. (2001)
Isolation of an insulin-like growth factor II cDNA with a unique 5' untranslated region from human placenta. (PubMed id 2450353)^{1, 2, 3} Shen S.-J.... Ilan J. (1988)
Differential expression of the human insulin-like growth factor II gene. Characterization of the IGF-II mRNAs and an mRNA encoding a putative IGF-II-associated protein. (PubMed id 3167054)^{1, 2, 3} de Pagter-Holthuizen P.... Sussenbach J.S. (1988)
Polymorphism in IGF-2 as a surrogate marker for predisposition towards tobacco chewing-mediated oral cancer. (PubMed id 15970649)^{1, 4, 9} Kaur R....Das B.R. (2005)
Glutathione S-transferase M1 gene but not insulin-like growth factor-2 gene or epidermal growth factor gene is associated with prostate cancer. (PubMed id 16018936)^{1, 4, 9} Lai M.T....Chen W.C. (2005)
Association of the polycystic ovary syndrome with genomic variants related to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity. (PubMed id 15181035)^{1, 4, 9} San Millan J.L....Escobar-Morreale H.F. (2004)
An association between variants in the IGF2 gene and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: interaction between genotype and epigenotype. (PubMed id 14645199)^{1, 4, 9} Murrell A....Reik W. (2004)
Polymorphism of the insulin gene is associated with increased prostate cancer risk. (PubMed id 12610512)^{1, 4, 9} Ho G.Y....Chua S.C. (2003)
Imprinting of IGF2 P0 transcript and novel alternatively spliced INS- IGF2 isoforms show differences between mouse and human. (PubMed id 16531418)^{1, 2, 9} Monk D.... Moore G.E. (2006)
Replication of IGF2-INS-TH*5 haplotype effect on obesity in older men and study of related phenotypes. (PubMed id 16251897)^{1, 4, 9} Rodriguez S....Day I.N. (2006)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 3481	HGNC: 5466	AceView: IGF2	Ensembl:ENSG00000167244	euGenes: HUgn3481
ECgene: IGF2	H-InvDB: IGF2

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for IGF2	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for IGF2	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
GeneReviews	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/IGF2
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_2
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/igf2/

Intellectual Property for IGF2 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for IGF2 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving IGF2

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

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In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics
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IGF2 Gene

insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A)

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Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
Microsatellite Instability
Hyperinsulinemia
LARON SYNDROME
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COLON CARCINOMA
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insulin sensitivity
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IGF2 Gene

insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A)

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