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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

HPR Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 53
GCID: GC16P072097

haptoglobin-related protein

 Explore 34 diseases affiliated with
HPR via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for HPR
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Haptoglobin-Related Protein1 2
A-259H10.22
HP2
Haptoglobin-Related Locus2

External Ids:    HGNC: 51561   Entrez Gene: 32502   Ensembl: ENSG000002617017   OMIM: 1402105   UniProtKB: P007393   

Export aliases for HPR gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC16P062990 GC16P072830 GC16P071832 GC16P071873 GC16P071883 GC16P070665 GC16P057863


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for HPR:
This gene encodes a haptoglobin-related protein that binds hemoglobin as efficiently as haptoglobin. Unlike
haptoglobin, plasma concentration of this protein is unaffected in patients with sickle cell anemia and extensive
intravascular hemolysis, suggesting a difference in binding between haptoglobin-hemoglobin and haptoglobin-related
protein-hemoglobin complexes to CD163, the hemoglobin scavenger receptor. This protein may also be a clinically
important predictor of recurrence of breast cancer. (provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011)

Gene Wiki entry for HPR


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000016.9  NC_018927.1  NT_010498.15  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the HPR gene promoter:
         AP-1   ATF-2   Nkx2-5   C/EBPalpha   CREB   SRY   PPAR-gamma1   deltaCREB   PPAR-gamma2   c-Jun   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidHPR promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for HPR

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat HPR


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 16q22.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  16q22.2   HGNC cytogenetic band: 16q22.2

HPR Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
HPR gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 16         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC16P072097:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
72,088,522 bp from pter      End:
72,111,145 bp from pter
Size:
22,624 bases      Orientation:
plus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: HPTR_HUMAN, P00739 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Haptoglobin-related protein precursor  
Size: 348 amino acids; 39030 Da
Subcellular location: Secreted (Potential)
Caution: Although homologous to serine proteases, it has lost all essential catalytic residues and has no enzymatic
activity
Secondary accessions: Q7LE20 Q92658 Q92659 Q9ULB0
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  P00739-1   P00739-2   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for HPR: NX_P00739

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P00739

  • HPR Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_066275.3  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000441828   ENSP00000462916   ENSP00000349451   ENSP00000228226  
    Reactome Protein details: P00739
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    Uscn Proteins for HPR

    Gene Ontology (GO): 1 cellular component term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0034366spherical high-density lipoprotein particle IDA16682745


    HPR for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    HPR for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR001314 Peptidase_S1A
     IPR000436 Sushi_SCR_CCP
     IPR001254 Peptidase_S1
     IPR008292 Haptoglobin
     IPR009003 Trypsin-like_Pept_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P00739

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P00739

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB001254 Serine protease
    IPB001314 Chymotrypsin serine protease family (S1) signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: HPTR_HUMAN, P00739
    Similarity: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family
    Similarity: Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 Sushi (CCP/SCR) domain


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:
         Genatlas biochemistry entry for HPR:
    haptoglobin-related sequence

    miRNA
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    Inhib. RNA
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0003824catalytic activity IEA--
    GO:0004252serine-type endopeptidase activity ----
    GO:0030492hemoglobin binding NAS2987228


    HPR for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    2 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for HPR:
     G0/1 arrest  Increased G1 DNA content 


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Cleavage of Alpha-1-Microglobulin
    Scavenging of Heme from Plasma0.79
    Binding and Uptake of Ligands by Scavenger Receptors0.79
    2African trypanosomiasis
    African trypanosomiasis1.00

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways


    2        Reactome Pathways for HPR
        Scavenging of Heme from Plasma
    Binding and Uptake of Ligands by Scavenger Receptors


    1         Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for HPR):
        African trypanosomiasis


    HPR for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for HPR

    4 Interacting proteins for HPR (P007393) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    APOA1P026473I2D: score=1 
    CD40LGP299653I2D: score=1 
    GPS2Q132273I2D: score=1 
    IGHMP018713I2D: score=1 
    About this table

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    HPR for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for HPR
    10/43 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for HPR gene (see all 43)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    zk112993 91.2 2 8387487 (2)
    ptsh 86.1 11 11489868 (3), 10844647 (3), 12405346 (1), 10762262 (1) (see all 6)
    onapristone 84.6 10 8499329 (2), 1557412 (1), 8389450 (1), 9719599 (1) (see all 5)
    ccpa 77.2 11 9334231 (4), 10844647 (2), 16316990 (1), 16505367 (1) (see all 6)
    progesterone 76.1 113 9144411 (3), 8641184 (3), 14667979 (3), 8387487 (2) (see all 63)
    mifepristone 72.6 29 8901556 (4), 8499329 (3), 2249658 (2), 10806733 (2) (see all 12)
    progestin 58.3 5 14611684 (2), 10894152 (2), 2328727 (1)
    progestins 55.7 4 10732331 (1), 10212133 (1), 8389450 (1), 19782484 (1)
    phosphoenolpyruvate 54.2 12 7751285 (2), 12957931 (2), 8246840 (1), 7916965 (1)
    fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 51.3 1 10762262 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about HPR / HPTR 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for HPR gene: 
    NM_020995.3  

    Unigene Cluster for HPR:

    Haptoglobin-related protein
    Hs.655361  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_020995
    5 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000540303(uc002fby.3) ENST00000566168 ENST00000561690 ENST00000356967
    ENST00000228226

    miRNA
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    12 DOTS entries:

    DT.100891457  DT.87078343  DT.91917890  DT.100891439  DT.120676268  DT.92457420  DT.75121168  DT.92457468 
    DT.420546  DT.92326983  DT.95126987  DT.100891426 

    24/1046 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 1046):

    CB141748 CB147194 CB134891 CB141719 CB122249 CB135645 CB137799 CB154205 
    CB122269 CB135733 CB121460 BX325184 CB111978 CB146934 BX448822 BG569598 
    BX104572 CB154376 CR611617 CB120322 AI870548 CR591153 CR616676 CB147268 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    HPR expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: --

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image
    See HPR Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for HPR

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.655361

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: HPTR_HUMAN, P00739
    Tissue specificity: In adult liver the amount of HPR mRNA is at the lower limit of detection, therefore the extent of
    its expression is at most less than 1000-fold that of the HP1F gene. No HPR mRNA can be detected in fetal liver.
    Expressed in Hep-G2 and leukemia MOLT-4 cell lines

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    In Situ
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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for HPR gene from 1/4 species (see all 4)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii hp6
    haptoglobin
    28(a)
    1 → many
    7(57840785-57847584)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for HPR (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for HPR (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for HPR gene
    PROZ2  PAMR12  C1S2  C1R2  C1RL2  F92  MASP12  F102  
    F22  HP2  PROC2  F72  MASP22  
    6 SIMAP similar genes for HPR using alignment to 2 protein entries:     HPTR_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    HP    PRSS1    C1R    DKFZp586F0824    C1S    F9

    HPR for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/324 NCBI SNPs in HPR are shown (see all 324    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 16 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs104511181,2
    C,--57862604(+) GAAAGC/GTTCTG 1 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- G:0.33WA CSA 3
    rs346826851,2
    C,F,--57863059(+) CTTCTG/AGTAAA 1 -- us2k15Minor allele frequency- A:0.08NS NA 218
    rs28546951,2
    C--57863464(+) GGGggC/Tcgggc 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs25508801,2
    C--57863465(-) cgcccA/GgccCC 1 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- G:0.00NA 4
    rs1130217861,2
    --57864759(+) GCCACT/CGCACC 1 -- int12Minor allele frequency- C:0.00CSA 2
    rs561292421,2
    C,--57865091(+) CCTTAC/GTCTCT 1 -- int13Minor allele frequency- G:0.10NA EA 242
    rs1437101481,2
    C,--57865388(+) CTCTCA/GTGGCA 1 -- int10--------
    rs727870551,2
    --57866193(+) AAGACA/GGAGAA 1 -- int10--------
    rs727870561,2
    C,--57866525(+) AGAATC/TCGATC 1 -- int13Minor allele frequency- T:0.07NA EA 242
    rs99242491,2
    C,--57866665(+) tgcccC/Tagatc 1 -- int13Minor allele frequency- T:0.14NA WA 122

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for HPR (72088522 - 72111145 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 18 variations for HPR
         15/18 CNVs (see all 18): 30787 77406 88199 10506 4011 88197 43932 32132 88200 77404 67029 35403 77405 77407 35404

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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    HPR for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 140210    OMIM disorders: --

    20/34 diseases for HPR (see all 34):    About MalaCards
    sickle cell anemia    breast cancer    anemia    autoimmune hemolytic anemia
    anhaptoglobinemia    sleeping sickness    hemolytic anemia    trypanosomiasis
    intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma    endometrial carcinoma    endometritis    thrombophilia
    endometrial cancer    mastitis    endometrial adenocarcinoma    hepatitis c
    cholangiocarcinoma    hepatocellular carcinoma    ovarian carcinoma    t-cell leukemia

    14 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for HPR:
    Anemia     Autoimmune hemolytic anemia     Mastitis     Vascular disease
    Glucosephosphate dehydrogenase deficiency     Cancer     Malaria     Kidney disease
    Liver disease     Thrombocytopenia     Sleeping sickness     Arthritis
    Heart disease     Tuberculosis

    10 Novoseek disease relationships for HPR gene    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    trypanosomiasis african 60 1 16896212 (1)
    endometrial carcinoma 34 3 12517594 (1), 11369448 (1), 8650238 (1)
    breast cancer 28.4 14 1862779 (2), 2249658 (1), 1374214 (1), 16452193 (1) (see all 10)
    mammary tumor 27.9 3 2328727 (1), 1862779 (1)
    endometrial cancer 15.8 1 9126867 (1)
    metastasis 4.86 1 1862779 (1)
    cancer 1.62 2 9461571 (1), 17428079 (1)
    shock 0 3 17693714 (2)
    ovarian cancer 0 1 11326686 (1)
    tumors 0 11 9887357 (2), 1862779 (2), 9461571 (1), 1374214 (1) (see all 8)

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: HPR (13 documents)

    Export disorders for HPR gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for HPR gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 181):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with HPR)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Nucleotide sequence of the haptoglobin and haptoglobin-related gene pair. The haptoglobin-related gene contains a retrovirus-like element. (PubMed id 2987228)1, 2, 3 Maeda N. (1985)
    2. Haptoglobin-related protein is a high-affinity hemogl obin-binding plasma protein. (PubMed id 16778136)1, 3, 9 Nielsen M.J....Moestrup S.K. (2006)
    3. Transcriptionally active haptoglobin-related (Hpr) gene in Hepatoma G2 and leukamia molt-4 cells. (PubMed id 8945641)1, 2, 9 Tabak S.... Shalitin C. (1996)
    4. Genome duplications and other features in 12 Mb of DNA sequence from human chromosome 16p and 16q. (PubMed id 10493829)1, 2 Loftus B.J.... Adams M.D. (1999)
    5. Junctions between genes in the haptoglobin gene cluster of primates. (PubMed id 1478675)1, 2 Erickson L.M.... Maeda N. (1992)
    6. Structure and expression of the human haptoglobin locus. (PubMed id 4018023)1, 2 Bensi G.... Cortese R. (1985)
    7. Characterization of the human serum trypanosome toxin, haptoglobin-related protein. (PubMed id 9461571)1, 9 Muranjan M....Tomlinson S. (1998)
    8. Distinct roles of haptoglobin-related protein and apolipoprotein L-I in trypanolysis by human serum. (PubMed id 17360487)1, 9 Vanhollebeke B....Pays E. (2007)
    9. Membrane permeabilization by trypanosome lytic factor, a cytolytic human high density lipoprotein. (PubMed id 19324878)1, 9 Harrington J.M....Hajduk S.L. (2009)
    10. Characterization of a novel trypanosome lytic factor from human serum. (PubMed id 10085035)1, 9 Raper J....Tomlinson S. (1999)

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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 3250 HGNC: 5156 AceView: HPandHPR Ensembl:ENSG00000261701 euGenes: HUgn3250
    ECgene: HPR Kegg: 3250 H-InvDB: HPR

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
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    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
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    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for HPR Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
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    Patent Information for HPR gene:
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