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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

HPGD Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 72
GCID: GC04M175411

Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase 15-(NAD)
Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Congress
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Aliases
for HPGD gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, 10fRNAdb, 12H-InvDB, 13NCBI, 14NONCODE, and/or 15RNAdb)
About This Section
This gene clusters with an RNA gene
Subcategory (RNA class): lncRNA

Quality score for the ORGUL clustered with this gene is 3

Aliases
Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase 15-(NAD)1 2     15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase [NAD(+)]2
PGDH12 3 5     PGDH2
Prostaglandin Dehydrogenase 12 3     PHOAR12
15-PGDH2 3     SDR36C12
EC 1.1.1.1413 8     NAD+-Dependent 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase2
Member 11     Short Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase Family 36C, Member 12
Short Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase Family 36C1     EC 1.1.18

External Ids:    HGNC: 51541   Entrez Gene: 32482   Ensembl: ENSG000001641207   OMIM: 6016885   UniProtKB: P154283   
ORGUL members:         
NONCODE14:n407800      

Export aliases for HPGD gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04M176331 GC04M175949 GC04M176107 GC04M175786 GC04M175647 GC04M171160


Summaries
for HPGD gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for HPGD Gene:
This gene encodes a member of the short-chain nonmetalloenzyme alcohol dehydrogenase protein family. The encoded
enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of prostaglandins, which function in a variety of physiologic and
cellular processes such as inflammation. Mutations in this gene result in primary autosomal recessive
hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and cranioosteoarthropathy. Multiple transcript variants encoding different
isoforms have been found for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009)

GeneCards Summary for HPGD Gene: 
HPGD (hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(NAD)) is a protein-coding gene, and is affiliated with the lncRNA class. Diseases associated with HPGD include primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, and isolated congenital digital clubbing, and among its related super-pathways are Prostaglandin 2 biosynthesis and metabolism FM and Metabolic pathways. GO annotations related to this gene include NAD binding and protein homodimerization activity. An important paralog of this gene is DCXR.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGDH_HUMAN, P15428
Function: Prostaglandin inactivation. Contributes to the regulation of events that are under the control of
prostaglandin levels. Catalyzes the NAD-dependent dehydrogenation of lipoxin A4 to form 15-oxo-lipoxin A4.
Inhibits in vivo proliferation of colon cancer cells

Gene Wiki entry for HPGD Gene


Genomic Views
for HPGD gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 73), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000004.11  NC_018915.2  NT_016354.19  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the HPGD gene promoter:
         RFX1   LHX3b/Lhx3b   POU3F1   POU3F2   FOXO3b   AREB6   FOXO3a   STAT3   LHX3a/Lhx3a   RSRFC4   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: HPGD promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for HPGD

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat HPGD


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q34-q35   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  4q34.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q34-q35

HPGD Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
HPGD gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04M175411:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 175,411,328 bp from pter      End:
 175,444,305 bp from pter
Size:
 32,978 bases      Orientation:
 minus strand

Proteins
for HPGD gene

(According to UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE 1MOPED, 2PaxDb, and 3MAXQB RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGDH_HUMAN, P15428 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)]  
Size: 266 amino acids; 28977 Da
Subunit: Homodimer
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm
1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for HPGD:
2GDZ (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B4DTA4 B4DU74 B4DV57 D3DP43 E7EV11 O00749 Q06F08
Alternative splicing: 5 isoforms:  P15428-1   P15428-2   P15428-3   P15428-4   P15428-5   (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for HPGD: NX_P15428

Explore proteomics data for HPGD at MOPED 

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P15428

    • 4/7 DME Specific Peptides for HPGD (P15428) (see all 7)
     KVALVTG  LMNSGVR  QCDVADQ  SIEKEENMG 

    HPGD Protein expression data from MOPED1, PaxDb2 and MAXQB3 :    About this image 

    HPGD Protein Expression
    REFSEQ proteins (6 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_000851.2  NP_001139288.1  NP_001243230.1  NP_001243234.1  NP_001243235.1  NP_001243236.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000296522   ENSP00000427699   ENSP00000296521   ENSP00000422418   ENSP00000398720  
     ENSP00000425741   ENSP00000423066   ENSP00000423110   ENSP00000420892   ENSP00000438017  
     ENSP00000443644  
    Reactome Protein details: P15428
    Human Recombinant Protein Products for HPGD: 
    Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for HPGD (15-PGDH/HPGD)
    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    OriGene Purified Protein for HPGD
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for HPGD
    OriGene MassSpec for HPGD 
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for HPGD
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for HPGD
    Novus Biologicals HPGD Proteins
    Novus Biologicals HPGD Lysates
    Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for HPGD
    Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates 
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for HPGD
    Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for HPGD 

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005634nucleus IDA--
    GO:0005730NOT nucleolus IDA--
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IDA--
    GO:0005829cytosol TAS--

    HPGD for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    HPGD Antibody Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals HPGD Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for HPGD
    Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for HPGD 
    ThermoFisher Antibody for HPGD
    LSBio Antibodies in human, mouse, rat for HPGD 

    Assay Products for HPGD: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
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    Cloud-Clone Corp. ELISAs for HPGD 
    Cloud-Clone Corp. CLIAs for HPGD

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for HPGD gene

    (According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    		 HGNC Gene Families: 
    SDRC1: Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily / Classical SDR fold cluster 1

    IUPHAR Guide to PHARMACOLOGY protein family classification: HPGD 
    Prostaglandin synthases

    4 InterPro protein domains:
     IPR020904 Sc_DH/Rdtase_CS
     IPR002347 Glc/ribitol_DH
     IPR002198 DH_sc/Rdtase_SDR
     IPR016040 NAD(P)-bd_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P15428

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P15428

    2 Blocks protein domains:
    IPB002198 Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase SDR
    IPB002347 Glucose/ribitol dehydrogenase family signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGDH_HUMAN, P15428
    Similarity: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family


    HPGD for domains           About GeneDecksing


    Function
    for HPGD gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and Sirion Biotech, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Molecular Function:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: PGDH_HUMAN, P15428
    Function: Prostaglandin inactivation. Contributes to the regulation of events that are under the control of
    prostaglandin levels. Catalyzes the NAD-dependent dehydrogenation of lipoxin A4 to form 15-oxo-lipoxin A4.
    Inhibits in vivo proliferation of colon cancer cells
    Catalytic activity: (5Z,13E,15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-5,13-dienoate + NAD(+) =
    (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-5,13-dienoate + NADH
    Biophysicochemical properties: Kinetic parameters: KM=3.4 uM for prostaglandin E2; KM=38 uM for NAD;
    Induction: Down-regulated by cortisol, dexamethasone and betamethasone. Down-regulated in colon cancer.
    Up-regulated by TGFB1

         Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 1.1.1.1411 2 EC 1.1.12

         Gene Ontology (GO): 5/8 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 8):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0003824catalytic activity IDA2025296
    GO:0004957prostaglandin E receptor activity IDA10198228
    GO:001640415-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity TAS--
    GO:0016491oxidoreductase activity ----
    GO:0042803protein homodimerization activity TAS2025296
         
    HPGD for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Phenotypes:
         3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for HPGD:
     Decreased influenza A H1N1 (A/  Decreased influenza A/WSN/33 r  Increased mitotic index 

         5 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Hpgd):
     cardiovascular system  endocrine/exocrine gland  homeostasis/metabolism  mortality/aging  reproductive system 

    HPGD for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing

    Animal Models:
         MGI mouse knock-outs for HPGD: Hpgdtm1Bhk Hpgdtm1Ljm

       inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated mouse model solutions for HPGD 
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated inducible mouse model solutions for HPGD

       genOway customized KO model: permanent, tissue-specific or time-controlled inactivation for HPGD 
       genOway customized Knockin model: humanization, point mutation, expression monitoring, etc. for HPGD 

    miRNA
    Products:            		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat HPGD
    8/10 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate HPGD (see all 10):
    hsa-miR-4324 hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-1297 hsa-miR-548t hsa-miR-544b hsa-miR-1252 hsa-miR-26a hsa-miR-378*
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: HPGD 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for HPGD
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat HPGD

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for HPGD
    Sirion Biotech Customized adenovirus for overexpression of HPGD

    Clone
    Products:             		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene clones in human, mouse for HPGD (see all 13)
    OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for HPGD
    OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): HPGD (NM_000860)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for HPGD
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for HPGD
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat HPGD
    Sirion Biotech Customized lentivirus for stable overexpression of HPGD 
                         Customized lentivirus expression plasmids for stable overexpression of HPGD 

    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for HPGD
    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for HPGD


    Pathways & Interactions
    for HPGD gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    SuperPaths for HPGD About   (see all 6)                                                                                              See pathways by source

    SuperPathContained pathways About
    1Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)
    		Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)0.42
    		Prostaglandin 2 biosynthesis and metabolism FM0.42
    2Metabolism
    		Metabolism0.40
    		Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins0.34
    3Arachidonic acid metabolism
    		Arachidonic acid metabolism0.44
    4Synthesis of 15-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives
    		Synthesis of Lipoxins (LX)0.33
    5Transcriptional misregulation in cancer
    		Transcriptional misregulation in cancer

    Pathways by source                                                                                                                                                                 See SuperPaths
    Show all pathways

    1 EMD Millipore Pathway for HPGD
        Prostaglandin 2 biosynthesis and metabolism FM


    1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for HPGD
        Prostaglandin 2 biosynthesis and metabolism FM

    1 BioSystems Pathway for HPGD
        Prostaglandin Synthesis and Regulation


    5        Reactome Pathways for HPGD
        Synthesis of Lipoxins (LX)
    Metabolism
    Arachidonic acid metabolism
    Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)
    Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins


    1         Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for HPGD):
        Transcriptional misregulation in cancer


    HPGD for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for HPGD

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 1 interactants - click image to see more details)

    1 Interacting protein for HPGD (ENSP000002965224) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    GBE1ENSP000004108334STRING: ENSP00000410833
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/15 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 15):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006693prostaglandin metabolic process IDA16828555
    GO:0007179transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway IDA15574495
    GO:0007565female pregnancy IDA15531523
    GO:0007567parturition IDA15531523
    GO:0008152metabolic process ----

    HPGD for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for HPGD gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    HPGD for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for HPGD (PGDH)

    10/11 HMDB Compounds for HPGD (see all 11)    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    12S-HHT12(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E)-heptadeca-5,8,10-trienoic acid anion (see all 11)54397-84-1--
    13,14-Dihydro- lipoxin A413,14-dihydro-LXA(,4) (see all 3)----
    13,14-Dihydro-15-oxo-lipoxin A413,14-dihydro-15-oxo-LXA(,4) (see all 3)----
    15-Keto-prostaglandin F2a15-Keto-PGF2a (see all 9)35850-13-6--
    15-Oxo-lipoxin A415-oxo-LXA(,4) (see all 3)----
    NAD3-Carbamoyl-1-D-ribofuranosylpyridinium hydroxide 5'-ester with adenosine 5'-pyrophosphate (see all 28)53-84-9--
    NADH1,4-Dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (see all 17)58-68-4--
    Prostaglandin E2(-)-Prostaglandin E2 (see all 22)363-24-6--
    Prostaglandin E2 ethanolamidePGE2EA ----
    Prostaglandin F2aProtamodin (see all 37)551-11-1--

    1 DrugBank Compound for HPGD    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    NADHbeta-DPNH (see all 18)606-68-8target--17463062

    10/39 Novoseek inferred chemical compound relationships for HPGD gene (see all 39)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    prostaglandin 84.8 75 15531523 (3), 18639206 (3), 8370712 (2), 19667156 (2) (see all 47)
    13,14-dihydro-15-keto-pge2 82 6 19138967 (2), 8370712 (1), 11702189 (1)
    pge2 77.7 94 19820419 (4), 18438860 (3), 16828555 (3), 15908215 (2) (see all 39)
    13,14-dihydro-15-ketoprostaglandin f2alpha 74.7 4 10599732 (1), 9920098 (1), 10022390 (1)
    nad+ 69.8 36 11872167 (3), 10198228 (3), 18805827 (2), 19568269 (2) (see all 19)
    trilostane 66.3 11 11836308 (4), 12788907 (2), 9920098 (1)
    (+-)-pgf2-alpha 64 6 10022390 (1), 17307913 (1), 16514200 (1), 10650939 (1)
    onapristone 55.8 2 9920098 (1), 8671154 (1)
    ribonucleic acid 51.5 12 18308117 (2), 9920098 (2), 9062515 (2), 10599732 (1)
    calcitriol 51.4 8 16886660 (1), 18290727 (1), 11237475 (1), 19667156 (1) (see all 8)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about HPGD / PGDH

    Transcripts
    for HPGD gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Sirion Biotech, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for HPGD gene (6 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_000860.5  NM_001145816.2  NM_001256301.1  NM_001256305.1  NM_001256306.1  NM_001256307.1  

    Unigene Cluster for HPGD:

    Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(NAD)
    Hs.596913  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000860
    14 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000296522(uc003itu.2 uc003itv.2 uc011ckf.1 uc010irq.2 uc011ckg.1 uc011ckh.1)
    ENST00000510835 ENST00000296521 ENST00000510901 ENST00000511499 ENST00000422112
    ENST00000508330 ENST00000509512 ENST00000506910 ENST00000514584 ENST00000512410
    ENST00000504433 ENST00000541923 ENST00000542498
    Congresses - knowledge worth sharing:  
    European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) 10 - 13 May 2014

    miRNA
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    8/10 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate HPGD (see all 10):
    hsa-miR-4324 hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-1297 hsa-miR-548t hsa-miR-544b hsa-miR-1252 hsa-miR-26a hsa-miR-378*
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: HPGD 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for HPGD
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    Clone
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): HPGD (NM_000860)
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for HPGD
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat HPGD
    Sirion Biotech Customized lentivirus for stable overexpression of HPGD 
                         Customized lentivirus expression plasmids for stable overexpression of HPGD 
    Primer
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      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat HPGD
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat HPGD

    Additional mRNA sequence: 

    AK058013.1 AK296642.1 AK300125.1 AK300524.1 AK300940.1 AK314624.1 BC007691.2 BC018986.2 
    J05594.1 L76465.1 U63296.1 X82460.1 

    15 DOTS entries:

    DT.100826238  DT.455971  DT.100826243  DT.100826235  DT.100849187  DT.97854774  DT.92458230  DT.100826239 
    DT.100826241  DT.121246202  DT.92458232  DT.95167318  DT.100675907  DT.121246228  DT.92458237 

    24/321 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 321):

    CR603849 BX397652 AU136004 AU138943 AA047485 CR605509 AU137292 CR594801 
    BF725997 CR603356 AA149207 CR602985 CR590250 CB164778 CA306054 AU134733 
    BX337355 BX091884 AU135105 AL542647 AU117975 AA036995 CR619023 AU139437 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/6 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for HPGD (see all 6)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6a · 6b · 6c ^ 7a · 7b ^ 8a · 8b · 8c
    SP1:              -                       -     -           -                                 
    SP2:              -                                                                           
    SP3:              -           -     -     -     -           -                                 
    SP4:              -                       -     -                                             
    SP5:                                      -     -           -                                 


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for HPGD

    Expression
    for HPGD gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    HPGD expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)      HPGD embryonic expression: see
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS <intensity>2/3
    CGAP TAG: TGAGATTGAT
    HPGD Expression
    About this image


    HPGD expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells    About this table
    Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database 
     5/18 selected tissues (see all 18) fully expand
     
     Kidney (Urinary System)    fully expand to see all 9 entries
             Loop of Henle Cells Loop of Henle
             Proximal Tubule
             visceral organ/metanephros/renal medulla   
     
     Lower Urinary Tract (Urinary System)    fully expand to see all 6 entries
             bladder   
     
     Blood (Hematopoietic System)    fully expand to see all 3 entries
             Monocytes Peripheral Blood
             Fetal Liver CD36+ Cells   
     
     Bone (Muscoskeletal System)    fully expand to see all 3 entries
             Zeugopod Growth Plate
             HyStem+BMP4-induced MEL2 cells
     
     Inner Cell Mass (Early Embryonic Tissues)    fully expand to see all 3 entries
             hIPS1

    See HPGD Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for HPGD

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.596913

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGDH_HUMAN, P15428
    Tissue specificity: Detected in colon epithelium (at protein level)

        SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for HPGD
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    Orthologs
    for HPGD gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals and fungi.

    Orthologs for HPGD gene from 7/15 species (see all 15)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Hpgd1 , 5 hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15 (NAD)1, 5 88.13(n)1
    89.77(a)1    		   8 (29.70 cM)5
    154461  NM_008278.21  NP_032304.21 
     562945525 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves HPGD1 hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(NAD) 75.13(n)
    73.48(a)    		   422567  XM_420526.3  XP_420526.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia HPGD6
    		 Uncharacterized protein
    		 61(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 3(143880941-143909974)
    tropical clawed frog
    (Xenopus tropicalis)    		 Amphibia Str.81682 Transcribed sequence with moderate similarity to protein more 72.61(n)    CF591688.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii LOC5659751 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD+]-like 63.04(n)
    57.2(a)    		   565975  XM_689239.5  XP_694331.5 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta CG48423
    Pdh1    		 oxidoreductase, acting on the CH-OH
    group of more3
    Photoreceptor dehydrogenase1    		 36(a)
    (best of 2)3
    48.24(n)1
    37.55(a)1    		   398121  NM_168659.11  NP_730153.11 
    baker's yeast
    (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)    		 Saccharomycetes YMR226C6
    		 NADP(+)-dependent dehydrogenase; acts on serine, L...
    		 21(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 XIII(721593-722396)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for HPGD (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for HPGD (if available)

    Paralogs
    for HPGD gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for HPGD gene
    DCXR2  DECR22  CBR42  PECR2  HSD17B142  DHRS22  HSD17B102  DHRS42  
    BDH22  DHRS4L22  HSD17B82  DECR12  
    6 SIMAP similar genes for HPGD using alignment to 6 protein entries:     PGDH_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    PGDH    DHRS2    PECR    RDH10    BDH2    CBR4

    HPGD for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for HPGD gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, 4UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/771 SNPs in HPGD are shown (see all 771)    About this table     
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 4 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    VAR_0462094
    		Cranioosteoarthropathy (COA)4--see VAR_0462092 A P mis40--------
    VAR_0607924
    		Isolated congenital nail clubbing (ICNC)4--see VAR_0607922 S P mis40--------
    VAR_0069724
    		----see VAR_0069722 Y C mis40--------
    rs2001799211,2
    		C--171181464(+) TTCAG-/AAAAAAA 6 -- int10--------
    rs1128387721,2
    		C--171185865(+) AAAATAGAC/-  
                AGATG     		6 -- int11Minor allele frequency- -:0.00CSA 2
    rs1116590721,2
    		C--171189471(+) ATGGA-/T/TT  
                TTTTT     		6 -- int11CSA 2
    rs1931825551,2
    		--175182289(+) CCTGGA/GTCCAA 6 -- ds50010--------
    rs170605241,2
    		C,F,H--175182404(+) TTTGCA/CTTCTC 6 -- ds500111Minor allele frequency- C:0.02NA NS 960
    rs454639921,2
    		C,F--175182441(-) TTTTGC/TTCTCT 6 -- ds50013Minor allele frequency- T:0.01NS NA 210
    rs131507271,2
    		H--175182658(+) TATATA/TCCATT 6 -- ds50014Minor allele frequency- T:0.00NS EA 366

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for HPGD (175411328 - 175444305 bp)

    Structural Variations
         Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 7 variations for HPGD:    About this table     
    Variant IDTypeSubtypePubMed ID
    nsv881270CNV Loss21882294
    nsv509946CNV Loss20534489
    nsv880884CNV Loss21882294
    nsv880970CNV Loss21882294
    nsv881299CNV Loss21882294
    nsv880289CNV Gain21882294
    nsv525487CNV Gain19592680


    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): HPGD
    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
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    Disorders / Diseases
    for HPGD gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    		 OMIM gene information: 601688   
    OMIM disorders: 259100  119900  
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: PGDH_HUMAN, P15428
  • Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, primary, autosomal recessive, 1 (PHOAR1) [MIM:259100]: A disease
    characterized by digital clubbing, periostosis, acroosteolysis, painful joint enlargement, and variable features
    of pachydermia that include thickened facial skin and a thickened scalp. Other developmental anomalies include
    delayed closure of the cranial sutures and congenital heart disease. Note=The disease is caused by mutations
    affecting the gene represented in this entry
  • Cranioosteoarthropathy (COA) [MIM:259100]: A form of osteoarthropathy characterized by swelling of the
    joints, digital clubbing, hyperhidrosis, delayed closure of the fontanels, periostosis, and variable patent
    ductus arteriosus. Pachydermia is not a prominent feature. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the
    gene represented in this entry
  • Isolated congenital nail clubbing (ICNC) [MIM:119900]: A rare genodermatosis characterized by enlargement
    of the nail plate and terminal segments of the fingers and toes, resulting from proliferation of the connective
    tissues between the nail matrix and the distal phalanx. It is usually symmetrical and bilateral (in some cases
    unilateral). In nail clubbing usually the distal end of the nail matrix is relatively high compared to the
    proximal end, while the nail plate is complete but its dimensions and diameter more or less vary in comparison to
    normal. There may be different fingers and toes involved to varying degrees. Some fingers or toes are spared, but
    the thumbs are almost always involved. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in
    this entry

    • 20/34 diseases for HPGD (see all 34):    About MalaCards
    primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy    isolated congenital digital clubbing    apocrine adenocarcinoma    primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, autosomal recessive
    chorioamnionitis    patent ductus arteriosus    bladder transitional cell carcinoma    ureteral obstruction
    transitional cell carcinoma    bacterial vaginosis    lung adenocarcinoma    alcoholism
    gastric adenocarcinoma    colon cancer    colorectal cancer    peritonitis
    adenocarcinoma    endometriosis    cytochrome p450    osteoarthritis

    1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for HPGD:
    Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

    HPGD for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    10/21 Novoseek inferred disease relationships for HPGD gene (see all 21)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    pachydermoperiostosis 59.6 4 20406614 (2), 20299379 (2), 19568269 (1)
    chorioamnionitis 46.2 4 15970823 (1), 9062515 (1)
    colon cancer 44.7 21 15574495 (5), 18593902 (2), 19501039 (2), 19820419 (1) (see all 11)
    colon tumor 39.1 4 16880406 (2), 19887544 (1), 11352223 (1)
    adenocarcinoma lung 37 4 16844092 (1), 15680906 (1), 16632868 (1), 17481556 (1)
    labor premature 32.7 1 17327104 (1)
    adenoma 26.9 11 16880406 (2), 19470469 (2), 15542609 (1), 20086108 (1)
    bladder tumors 26.1 1 12954496 (1)
    tumors 25.1 63 15358636 (5), 16885386 (4), 17481556 (4), 18593902 (3) (see all 28)
    nsclc 24.9 13 19138967 (7), 17575121 (3), 15358636 (1)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): HPGD
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: HPGD (12 documents)

    Export disorders for HPGD gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for HPGD gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for HPGD gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 193):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with HPGD)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Mechanism of cortisol/progesterone antagonism in the regulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase activity and messenger ribonucleic acid levels in human chorion and placental trophoblast cells at term. (PubMed id 12788907)1, 2, 9 Patel F.A.... Challis J.R.G. (2003)
    2. Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor type 1 and type 2 mediate differential effects on 15-hydroxy prostaglandin dehydrogenase expression in cultured human chorion trophoblasts. (PubMed id 17463062)1, 7, 9 Gao L....Ni X. (2007)
    3. Role of glutamine 148 of human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in catalytic oxidation of prostaglandin E2. (PubMed id 16828555)1, 2, 9 Cho H.... Tai H.-H. (2006)
    4. 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, a COX-2 oncogene antagonist, is a TGF-beta-induced suppressor of human gastrointestinal cancers. (PubMed id 15574495)1, 2, 9 Yan M.... Markowitz S.D. (2004)
    5. Mutation in the HPGD gene encoding NAD+ dependent 15- hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase underlies isolated congenital nail clubbing (ICNC). (PubMed id 18805827)1, 2, 9 Tariq M.... Ahmad W. (2009)
    6. Site-directed mutagenesis of the conserved tyrosine 151 of human placental NAD(+)-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase yields a catalytically inactive enzyme. (PubMed id 2025296)1, 2, 9 Ensor C.M. and Tai H.-H. (1991)
    7. Genetic variation in prostaglandin E2 synthesis and s ignaling, prostaglandin dehydrogenase, and the risk of colorectal adenoma. (PubMed id 20086108)1, 4, 9 Poole E.M....Ulrich C.M. (2010)
    8. Mutations in 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase cause primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. (PubMed id 18500342)1, 2, 9 Uppal S.... Bonthron D.T. (2008)
    9. Association of hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15- (NAD) (HPGD) variants and colorectal cancer risk. (PubMed id 21047993)1, 4 Frank B....Nieters A. (2010)
    10. High-affinity inhibitors of human NAD-dependent 15-hy droxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase: mechanisms of inhibition and structure-activi ty relationships. (PubMed id 21072165)1, 2 Niesen F.H....Simeonov A. (2010)

    External Searches for HPGD gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing HPGD gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 3248 HGNC: 5154 AceView: HPGD Ensembl:ENSG00000164120 euGenes: HUgn3248
    ECgene: HPGD Kegg: 3248 H-InvDB: HPGD

    Other Databases showing HPGD gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing HPGD gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for HPGD Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    SeattleSNPshttp://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/hpgd/

    Intellectual Property
    for HPGD gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for HPGD gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving HPGD

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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    About This Section

     
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